Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 1 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156—ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 1 of 20
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`EXHIBIT C
`EXHIBIT C
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`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 2 of 20
`D°C””iilili|lilllfliillliilllliiiilIiiiiifililiilfiilllllllll
`
`USOO?3?0085B2
`
`(12}
`
`United States Patent
`Brown et a].
`
`[10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,370,085 32
`May 6, 2008
`
`METHOD, SYSTEM, AND PROGRAM FOR
`PROVIDING USER LOCATION
`INFORMATION WITH A PERSONAL
`INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
`
`5.832.489 A
`5335.295 A
`5.890.138 A
`5.918.158 A
`
`1131998 Kucala
`””998 Fisher at al.
`3.11999 Godin et a].
`6.-'1999 LaPorta eta].
`
`T079113!
`795-3?
`
`705-526
`340:129
`
`(54)
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Michael Wayne Brown. Georgetown.
`TX (US): Rabindranath Dutta. Austin.
`TX (US); Michael A. Paolini. Round
`Rock. TX (US)
`
`(73)
`
`Assignee:
`
`International Business Machines
`Corporation. Annonk. NY (US}
`
`(*i
`
`Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer. the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 861 days.
`
`(21)
`
`Appl. No.: tl9t848,]66
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`May 3, 2001
`
`(65)
`
`(51}
`
`(52)
`
`(53)
`
`(56)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2002t0165910 Al
`
`Nov. 7. 2002
`
`Int. Cl.
`
`(906!" 15/16
`US. Cl.
`
`(2006.01)
`7091'217: 709:”203: 707t104.1:
`455t4563
`4551'456.
`Field of Classification Search
`455t456.1. 414.2. 456.3: 70519: 600800:
`7091007. 21?. 203; 715t733: 707t104.1
`See application file for complete search history.
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5.|24.912 A
`5.416.473 A
`5.428384 A
`5.664.863 A
`5.664.171'5 A
`5.??4.873 A
`5.700.974 A
`
`6-"]992 Hotalinget at.
`5.-'i995 Dulaney. III et al.
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`705.39
`34057.3
`T091206
`358-'i.l
`701-"?
`IDS-'26
`
`.............. 45534565
`
`
`
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`
`0495622
`
`1.-1992
`
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) International Search Report. for
`International Application No. PCT-"GB 02.102051. Search completed
`on May 9. 2003.
`
`((..‘ontinuod)
`
`Primari! Examiner
`Jungwon Chang
`David W. Victor; Konrad
`(74) Attorney. Agent, or Firm
`Raynes & Victor
`
`(5?)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Provided is a method. system, program. and data structures
`for providing user location information with a personal
`information manager program. Position coordinates of a
`wireless device associated with a user are generated. along
`with time information indicating a time when the position
`coordinates were generated. The position coordinates and
`time information are processed to determine geographic
`locations and associated lime periods. For each determined
`geographical location and associated time period. the user of
`the wireless device was located at the geographical location
`for the associated time period. A request is received for
`information on the user for a selected time interval. A
`determination is then made oi'time periods associated with
`geographic locations that are within the selected time inter-
`val. Information is then generated on the geographic loca~
`lions and associated time periods that are within the selected
`time interval.
`
`23 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`
` mwnmwmfin _
`”.mmwm
`mywnuwmm
`«grammes-u
`.m.ufl
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 3 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 3 of 20
`
`US 7,370,085 32
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`6.047.260 A
`6.085.166 A
`6.l01.480 A
`6.154.122 A
`6.594.666 Bl“
`6.625.457 Bl *
`6.701.143 Bl ‘3
`6.232.080 Bl"
`6.847.824 131*
`6.925.603 Bl ‘I‘
`20000049470 Al "‘
`2002;"0004734 Al’k
`20020077116 Al“
`2002t0115445 Al"
`200230120703 Al “
`20tt3i00602|t Al"
`
`205:9
`4t2000 Levinson
`20539
`732000 Beckhardt et a].
`705.“?
`852000 Conroy etal.
`
`34233511
`11i2000 Piccionclliet a1.
`1707-000
`7t2003 Bisvvas etal.
`. 455t’456.l
`9-2003 Raith
`
`45534142
`.
`3:“2004 Dtlkach el :1].
`
`705.“)
`5t'2004 Blants
`. 455-456.]
`“2005 Contractor ..
`
`8i2005 Naito et al.
`.
`.. 715733
`l2-’200l Mantt et a].
`600-300
`
`l-"2002 Nishizawa ..
`2050)
`6i2002 lIavinis ct a].
`455i456
`4553456
`8t'2002 Myllymaki
`832002 Kaufman et al.
`709i20'i
`
`4555456
`32003 (.‘hern e1 3].
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`EP
`RP
`W0
`
`0637802
`08 34840
`[039397
`00 299 79
`
`7"1994
`9-‘199?
`9-"2000
`5r'2000
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`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
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`Patent Cooperation Treaty (_PCT) International Search Report. Jan.
`29. 2003. for International Application No. PC'l‘t"GB02.-"02020.
`Beadle. H.W.. el 3]. “L-Cvingiflcatian and Euvimtrment Awareness in
`Mobiie Cottttmmr'caticms." International Conference on Informa—
`tion. Conununications and Signal Processing.
`lCICS. Singapore
`Sep. 9-12. 1997. pp. 1781-1785. New York. NY. USA. IEEE.
`Manandhar. Sanjay. "Activity Sen-er: You Catt Rim but You Cmr'r
`Hide.” Proceedings of the Summer Iisenix Conference Proceedings.
`pp. 299-3 ll. Jun. l0-l4. [991. Nashville. TN. US l 199” Berkeley.
`CA. US.
`Want. R. et al. “Hie Active Badge Location system." ACM Trans-
`actions on Information Systems I0 [1992]. pp. 91402. January. No.
`I. New York. US.
`Hancock. Bill. “Wireless Big Brother." Computers and Security.
`International Journal Devoted to the Study of Technical and Finan-
`cial Aspects ot'Computer Security. Elsevier Science Publishers. vol.
`ll). No. 8. Dec. 1. 2000. pp. 667-668. Amsterdam. NL.
`Rhodes. Bradley J. "lite Wearable Retttembmttce Agent: :1 Svstem
`for Augmented iUemOtjr‘.” Wearable Computers. 199?. Digest of
`Papers. First International Symposium on Cambridge. MA. USA.
`pp. 123—128.
`
`U.S. Appl. No. 09.-"843.176. filed on May 3. 2001. entitled "Method.
`System and Program for Mining Data in a Personal Information
`Manager Database.“ by MW Brown; R Dulta and MA Paolini.
`[LSAppL No. 080848.173. filed on May 3. 2001. entitled “Method.
`System and Program for Providing User Location Information for a
`Personal
`Information Management System from 'I‘ransmitting
`Devices.” by W Brown; R. Dntta and MA Paolini.
`Mueller. Erik T.. “A Calendar with Common Sense“. RC! 2000 ACM.
`pp. 193-201.
`Schwanz. Ephraim. “Cellular Phone Giants to Integrate Sirt‘s GPS
`Technology". Aug. [0. [998 [online]. Retrieved from the Internet
`cl. IR] .:
`“win foworld.com.r'egi-bin.-"I:li$playStory. p129 808 10.
`ehe911.hnn>.
`
`“allNetDcvicesr—‘l‘he Wireless Internet: Applications. Technology
`and Market Strategies”. Jan. 10. 2001. pp. [-4 [online}. Retrieved
`from the Internet (URL: www.allnetdevicescomiicom_cgi-'printt'
`print.cgi‘PtlrI=http:t.-"www.allnetdevic escomiwi rcless.-'opinions-'
`2001...}.
`“allNcl' Devices:
`
`Java 2 Micro Edition and the Mobile Information
`
`Device Profile". Feb. [6. 2001. pp. 1-? [online]. Retrieved from the
`Internet
`<URI.:
`uwzallnetdevices.com-“icom_cgi.-"print.-"prinl.
`cgi'?urI=http:i-" mvwallnetdevices.contr"devclopcr.-"tutoria1 5:200] ...>.
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`Institute Database of Soflwaie Technologies,
`Record Display. Record 4. Serial No. TDBll92.0038. Retrieved
`from
`the
`Internet
`<UR_L:
`http:.-’im.spi .orgicgi-bini
`ncwqry'EISA—Itit. ..000&rec—4&st|bmit=secit
`&csrun— 17256401631 >. 2000.
`
`Institute Database of Software Technologies.
`Sofiware Patent
`Record Display. Record 6. Serial No. TDB1192.0045. Retrieved
`from
`the
`Internet
`<URI,:
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`&cstun=1?950330939 :. 2000.
`“allNcl' Devices: Wearable Transmeta Device Planned". Nov. 14.
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`Internet <URL: www.
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`
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`200i
`[online]. Retrieved
`from the
`Internet <URL: www.
`a]lnetdevices.comticom_cg.i.-"printtprint.cgi‘.’t|rl=http:i-"w'w.
`a]lnetdevices.comt'wireless-"news.-'2001...>.
`
`" cited by examiner
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 4 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 4 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6,2008
`
`Sheet 1 of9
`
`US 7,370,085 32
`
`Wireless Device
`
`FIG. 1
`
`1:
`
`0
`
`Display
`
`1
`
`
`
`Gateway
`Server
`
`l:
`
`:‘l
`5’
`:‘
`N!
`
`fi’
`
`
`
`0
`
`Communication
`Tower
`
`PIM
`Database
`
`PIM Server
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 5 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 5 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6,2008
`
`Sheet 2 0f 9
`
`US 7,370,085 32
`
`FIG. 2
`
`22
`
`PlM Database
`
`User Records
`
`Scheduled Event
`
`Records
`
`Measured Position
`
`Records
`
`Records
`
`
`
`
`
` Filtered Position
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`User Defined
`
`Location Records
`
`Public Location
`
`Records
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 6 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 6 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6,2008
`
`Sheet 3 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`52
`
`FIG. 3a L’
`
`Description
`
`Scheduled Event
`
`Position
`
`Coordinate
`
`(X, yl Z)
`
`Location
`
`Description
`
`Description
`
`Geographic
`Boundary
`
`Location
`
`1
`
`60
`FIG. 3d L
`
`104
`
`Geographic
`
`1 6
`
`2
`Location!
`
`
`
`Date Range Time Range Location
`(X, y. Z)
`
`Activity
`Description
`
`Filtered Position Record
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 7 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 7 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6,2008
`
`Sheet 4 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`Wireless Device
`
`Location
`Transmitter
`
`Communication Layer
`
`FIG. 4
`
`
`
`“R
`
`“2
`”i
`
`
`Geographic
`Boundary
`
`Location
`Description
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 8 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 8 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6, 2003
`
`Sheet 5 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`Establish communication
`with a location transmitter.
`
`
`
`02
`
`
`Receive geographic boundary
`coordinates and location description
`
`from location transmitter.
`
`250
`
`Initiate location request to
`locator every interval period.
`
`
`
`Receive position coordinates of current
`wireless device location
`
`
`
`FIG. 5
`
`
`
`I - es receive-
`
`-osition coordinate (x.y,z) fall with
`any predefined geographic
`boundary ?
`
`
`No
`
`Generate data for measured position
`
`record. including date. time, and
`received x. y, 1 position coordinate.
`
`
`
`
`
`262
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Generate data for measured position record.
`including date. time. received x. y. 2 position
`coordinate. and location description associated
`with predetermined geographic boundary.
`
`
`user entered any
`
`a ation description f
`
`ocation?
`
`
`Send data gathered for measured
`position record to server.
`
`Add user specified location
`description to data for
`measured position record.
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 9 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 9 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 6 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 132
`
`Does
`record it include location
`
`description?
`
`
`
`
`Yes
`
`FIG. 6
`
`308
`
`Yes
`
`Add location description (or
`code thereof) in user defined
`location record to location
`
`description of record i.
`
`32
`
`
`
`
`Go to next position
`record for user.
`
`315
`
`Seen from first user position record
`to determine ranges of consecutive
`records having same location
`description spanning a time period
`exceeding minimum time period.
`
`to records in the range.
`
`For each determined range of records,
`generate a filtered position record having
`date range and time range from date and
`time of first to last position records in
`range and location description common
`
`
`
`position coordinate in
`record iwithin geographic boundary
`of any public location
`
`
`
`
`
`No
`
`
`
`
`
`Add location description (or code
`thereof) in public location record
`
`
`to location description of record i.
`
`14
`
`
`
`For position records not consolidated into filter
`position records. apply activity algorithms to
`
`
`determine if ranges of consecutive position
`
`
`records fall within an activity definition.
`
`
`
`20
`
`22
`
`
`
`For each determined range of records determined to
`
`
`comprise a defined activity, generate a filtered position
`
`
`record having date range and time range from date and
`time of first to last position records in range and
`
`determined activity definition.
`
`24
`
`Store filtered position
`records in user records.
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 10 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 10 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6, 2003
`
`Sheet 7 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`
`
`
`Receive request for calendar
`
`
`information for a specified time
`interval for a user
`
`
`
`FIG. 7
`
`Query database to find filtered position
`records for user having time range
`within specified time interval.
`
`Query scheduled event records to find
`scheduled event records having time
`range within specified time interval.
`
`56
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`For each calendar time period within specified
`time interval, generate information on located
`filtered position and scheduled event records that
`fall within the time period.
`
`
`
`
`Generate one or more WML pages
`
`
`ls browser a
`
`including presentation of generated
`
`ML browser?
`information for calendar time periods
`
`
`
`within specified time interval.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Generate one or more HTML pages
`
`Transmit generated web
`including presentation of generated
`
`
`pages to browser
`
`information for calendar time periods
`
`
`requesting pages.
`within specified time interval.
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 11 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 11 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6,2008
`
`Sheet 8 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`FIG. 8
`
`Scheduled Event
`
`Actual Activity
`
`In office
`
`Arrive at Work
`
`At Home
`
`Work at desk
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 12 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 12 of 20
`
`US. Patent
`
`May 6,2008
`
`Sheet 9 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`FIG. 9a
`
`Apnl 2001
`
`F
`
`6
`
`4
`
`5
`
`20
`
`11
`
`12
`
`13
`
`‘15
`
`16
`
`‘17
`
`18
`
`19
`
`
`
`wmwfi
`454
`Mon; Fé 5m
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 13 of 20
`Case 6:20-cv-00156-ADA Document 1-3 Filed 02/28/20 Page 13 of 20
`
`US 1370.085 BZ
`
`1
`METHOD. SYSTEM, AND PROGRAM FOR
`PROVIDING USER LOCATION
`INFORMATION WITH A PERSONAL
`INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
`
`(.TROSS-Rlil-‘l‘iRliNCli TO Rl-il .A'I'liD
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is related to the following and com-
`monly-assigned patent applications filed on the same date
`herewith. and which are incorporated herein by reference in
`their entirety:
`“Method, System. and Program for Mining Data in A
`Personal
`Information Manager Database". having US.
`application Ser. No. 091848.176. now US. Pat. No. 6.751.
`626: and
`“Method. System. and Program for Providing User Loca-
`tion Information for a Personal Information Management
`System from Transmitting Devices”. having U.S. applica-
`tion Ser. No. 091848.173, now US. Pat. No. 6.873.851.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`]. Field of the Invention
`
`The present invention relates to a method. system. and
`program for providing user location intonnation with a
`personal infonnation management program
`2. Description of the Related Art
`Portable computing devices. such as hand held computers,
`cellttlar phones. palm devices. etc., have become increas-
`ingly popular in recent years. The technology has advanced
`to such a degree that now people can access the Internet
`through wireless technology. such as a cellular phone or
`personal digital assistant (FDA). and review content espe-
`cially tailored for a small portable device. The term PDA. as
`used herein. refers to any wireless. portable. and small hand
`held cotnpttter device. such as a palm computer. cellttlar
`phone. wearable computers. etc. Some of the most popular
`mobile applications liar such wireless devices have included
`personal information managers (PIMs). entertainment pro-
`grams. financial services. and mobile commerce.
`One of the recent technological developments for mobile
`Internet access is the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP).
`which allows mobile devices to use data services and access
`the Internet. WAP provides a clientr‘server architecture. A
`WAP enabled client. such as a cell phone or palm computer.
`can use micro browsers which are designed to operate within
`the small display screen of mobile devices and use less
`memory than a desktop browser. Content for mobile WAP
`enabled devices may be written in the Wireless Markttp
`Language [WML]. which provides a tagged mark-up lan-
`guage similar to the hypertext markup language [I-I'I‘ML).
`but designed specifically to function in a small-screen envi-
`ronment. Many content providers are providing WAP pages
`to enable access to the large base of mobile phone and PDA
`users.
`
`Notwithstanding. recent developments in wireless com—
`puting, such as tnore advanced PIMs. Intemet browsing and
`e-commerce features, only provide users with a significantly
`limited version of the programs and functions that are
`available at a desktop computer. For instance. a desktop PIM
`or calendar program provides a substantially more robust
`display presentation and range of program fiinctionality than
`is available for mobile wireless device PIM applications.
`The same is trite for Internet browsing. Given the substantial
`advantages of desktop PIM and Internet access programs
`over those available for mobile devices, most computer
`
`2
`
`ttsers. except the submarket of frequent business travelers.
`may not be motivated to purchase wireless devices for uses
`other than as a mobile telephone and limited 131M. e.g.._
`address book. calendar. to do list. etc.
`Thus. there is a need in the an for an application that
`would more frilly exploit wireless computing technology to
`extend the utility beyond that of a portable telephone and
`limited PIM.
`
`1U
`
`SUMMARY OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIM ENTS
`
`Provided is a method. system. program. and data struc-
`tures for providing user location information with a personal
`information manager program. Position coordinates of a
`wireleSs device associated with a user are generated. along
`with time information indicating a time when the position
`coordinates were generated. The position coordinates and
`time information are processed to determine geographic
`locations and associated time periods. For each determined
`geographical location and associated time period. the user of
`the wireless device was located at the geographical location
`for the aSsociated time period. A request
`is received for
`information on the user for a selected time interval. A
`
`determination is then made oftime periods associated with
`geographic locations that are within the selected time litter-
`val. Information is then generated on the geographic loca-
`tions and associated time periods that are within the selected
`time interval.
`In further implementations. a plurality of geographic
`boundaries are provided that define multiple geographic
`coordinates. For each geographic boundary. a
`location
`description is provided including information describing the
`geographical boundary. For each generated position coordi-
`nate. a determination is made as to whether the position
`coordinate is included in one of the provided geographic
`boundaries. At
`least one determined geographic location
`comprises one predefined geographic boundary including
`position coordinates. The information generated on the at
`least one geographic location includes the location descrip-
`tion for the predefined geographic boundary comprising the
`geographic location.
`Still further. position coordinates and time infomtation
`may be generated by multiple wireless devices. wherein
`each wireless device is associated with one user.
`In such
`
`case. position coordinates and time information are received
`from multiple wireless devices and stored in a database with
`inlormation associating each position coordinate and time
`information with one user.
`
`Additionally. the position coordinates and time informa—
`tion may be processed to determine whether a change in a
`series of position coordinates indicates a predefined activity
`occurring during an activity time period during which the
`position coordinates were generated. In such case. determi-
`nation is made of activity time periods that are within the
`selected time interval and information is generated on the
`predefined activities for activity time periods within the
`selected time interval.
`
`The described implementation provides a technique for
`using a wireless device to gather position coordinates of the
`user of the wireless device and other inionnation that may
`be processed to detennine the geographical locations where
`the user was located for various time periods. The infonna—
`tion may then be provided for specific time intervals to allow
`a review of the user location and activity within time
`intervals. along with other user information. such as user
`calendar information. scheduled events, etc. The described
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`implementations provide a tool to allow people to review
`their actual activity and movement and compare with
`planned goals or scheduled events. Such infomtation will
`enable people and organizations to more optimally allocate
`their time to accomplish both personal and business goals.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`Referring now to the drawings in which like reference
`numbers represents corresponding parts throughout:
`FIG.
`1
`illustrates a telecommunication enviromnent in
`
`1U
`
`which aspects of the invention are implemented;
`FIG. 2 illustrates components of a PIM database in
`accordance with implementations of the present invention:
`FIGS. 39. b. c. d illustrate data structures used in accor—
`dance with implementations of the present invention:
`FIG. 4 illustrates fiirlher details of the telecommunication
`
`environment in which aspects of the invention are imple-
`mented:
`
`FIGS. 5. 6. and 7 illustrate flowcharts of code logic to
`gather. process. and use location infonnation in accordance
`with implementations of the present invention; and
`FIGS. 8. 9n. and 9b illustrate examples of a diSplay of user
`calendar and generated location information in accordance
`with implementations of the present invention
`
`DIETAIIJIEI) |')IlS(.‘RIl"l‘ION OF Tlll'i
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
`
`(E-OTD). Time Of Arrival
`Observed Time Differential
`('I‘OA).
`the Celll’oint positioning system.
`the Bricsson
`Mobile Positioning System. etc.M In fact the United States
`Federal Communication Commission (FCC) mandated that
`cellular phone manufacturers incorporate technology to
`allow the location of the wireless device 2 to be determined.
`Any reference to the locator 14 refers to the locator tech-
`nology used within the wireless device 2 that enables a
`position determination. For instance. if the locator 14 com-
`prises a GPS receiver. then the locator 14 itself may deter-
`mine the actual position coordinate. Alternatively. the loca-
`tor 14 may provide information to an external component to
`enable the external component to determine the position
`coordinate of the wireless device 2.
`
`The wireless device 2 further includes an input mecha-
`nism 16 for entering any type of data. including text. voice
`data. audio. images. movies. etc. The input mechanism 16
`may include any known data input system known in the art.
`including a keyboard embedded in the device 2 with
`' depressable keys. a touch sensitive displayed keyboard. a
`microphone for providing audio input. voice recognition
`software. still image camera. video recorder. pen—stylus text
`input system including handwriting recognition software.
`etc. Data entered by the user through the input mechanism
`16 or downloaded from the server 4 can be rendered in
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`55
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`6t;
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`In the following description. reference is made to the
`accompanying drawings which form a part hereof. and
`which illustrate several embodiments of the present inven-
`tion. It is understood that other embodiments may be utilized
`and structural and operational changes may be made without
`departing item the scope of the present invention.
`FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless computing environment in
`which embodiments of the invention are implemented. A
`wireless device 2, such as a telephony device. e.g.. cellular
`phone. personal digital assistant (FDA). hand held computer.
`palm computer. etc.. communicates with a server 4 via a
`communication tower 6. gateway server 8. and network 10.
`The server 4 may comprise one or more server class
`machines known in the art. The wireless device 2 includes
`a communication layer 12 which converts digital data into a
`signal that is transmitted to the comnnmication lower 6 in a
`manner known in the art. The gateway server 8 converts the
`signals back into digital data to transmit via network 10 to
`the server 4. The network 1!] may comprise any collection of
`devices. routers. etc. used to transmit data to a centralized
`server 4 providing data management for the wireless device
`2 operations. The communication lower 6 and communica-
`tion layer 12 may implement any known wireless transmis-
`sion technology known in the ark such as 36. Code-Division
`Multiple Access (CDMAJ, Global System for Mobile Com-
`munications (GSM). satellite. Bluetooth, etc."
`The wireless device 2 further includes locator technology
`14 that provides a current position coordinate of the wireless
`device 2 in three dimensional space (x. y. z) on the surface
`of the earth and the time the position coordinate was
`generated. The locator 14 may comprise a global position
`satellite (G PS) receiver that
`is capable of calculating a
`current position based upon signals sent from satellites in a
`manner known in the art. Alternatively. the location of the
`wireless device 2 can be estimated externally from the
`wireless device by measuring the transmissions from the
`wireless device 2 using any known location positioning
`technology in a manner known in the art. such as [Enhanced
`
`display 18. which may comprise any electronic display
`device known in the art. A Personal Information Manager
`(PIM) client 20 gathers and presents PIM information. such
`as calendering and scheduling information. in accordance
`with the described implementations. The term “l’lM” as
`used herein refers to a program designed to allow users to
`organize random bits of information in a useful format. The
`PlM program may enable calendar or scheduler operations.
`A calendar program enables one or more users to record and
`organize events and appointments. A scheduler program
`enables a group of colleagues to schedule meetings and
`other appointments. and share schedule and calendar infor-
`mation. Further. the PIM may be intended for use by a single
`individual for personal information or for use by a company
`or organization to provide information related to that per-
`sons involvement with the company or organisation. The use
`of the term PIM or PIM program herein refers to any
`program that includes some or all of the above described
`calendar or scheduler functions. or any other functions those
`skilled in the art associate with PlMs.
`
`The server 4 includes a PIM database 22 maintaining user
`PIM information and a PIM server 24 for gathering and
`filtering data from wireless devices 2 for the users of the
`system. The PIM database 22 may be implemented using
`any database technology known in the art. e.g.. relational
`database. object oriented database. etc. Although FIG. 1 only
`shows one wireless devices 2. the server 4 and PIM database
`22 may maintain data for multiple wireless devices 2 and
`users.
`
`the PIM client 20
`In the described implementations,
`gathers position coordinates for the PIM server 24. The PIM
`server 24 then uses the position coordinates to supplement
`the user calendar records with information on what the user
`actually did for time periods within a day. The user could
`then view this enhanced calender including listings of sched-
`uled appointments as well as information describing the
`actual location and activities of the user and descriptions
`thereof The term “location" and “geographic location“ as
`used herein refer to any location that may be mapped and
`ascertained Such location or geographic location may be any
`location on the surface of the earth or the earth's atmo-
`
`sphere. or outer space. that can be expressed as a position
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`coordinate in space. The term “location" or “geographic
`location" may refer to a specific position coordinate in
`space. e.g.. an X, Y, Z coordinate. or a boundary or area of
`coordinates. Additionally. the location may be expressed as
`a vector. The term “position coordinate" as used herein
`refers to any of a set of numbers used in specifying the
`location ofa point in space. or any one of a set of variables
`used in specifying the state or motion ofan entity. such as
`a wireless unit or person. associated with the position
`coordinate.
`
`1“
`
`The PIM server 24 includes the program logic that
`responds to data requests from PIM clients 20. accesses the
`PIM database 22 to perform database operations. and per-
`forms other data management operations related to manag—
`ing the PIM database 22. The PIM server 24 may include a
`database management system (DBMS) known in the art or
`include an interface to access a DBMS program in a manner
`known in the art to perform operations with respect to the
`PIM database 22. The PIM server 24 may implement any
`database programming techniques for perforating operations
`in the PIM database 22. For instance. the PIM server 24 may
`implement separate application programs for perforating
`database operations or implement database stored proce-
`dures to perform database operations. The PIM client 20
`includes those program components that gather coordinate
`and location inlormation as described herein. communicates
`with the PIM server 24. and renders calcndering information
`at the wireless device 2.
`
`FIG. 2 illustrates the data components of the PIM data-
`base 22 maintained by the server 4. The PlM database 22
`includes a plurality of user records 50 for each user of a
`wireless device 2 participating in the wireleSs computing
`environment described herein. Each user record 50 includes
`one or more user scheduled event records 52. measured
`position records 54. and location records 56 and 58. From
`the measured position records 54. the PIM server 24 gen—
`erates filtered position records 60 that provide infonnation
`on user geographic location and activity for time periods.
`such as information for a period of fifteen minutes. twenty
`minutes. one hour. etc.
`FIG. 3a illustrates fields in a user scheduled event record
`52. including a date 7|). time period 72 indicating a time
`range of the event. and a scheduled event description 74
`providing information on the nature of the scheduled event.
`'I‘hrough the client PIM 2!} software. a user could use the
`input mechanism 16 to schedule a calendar event and create
`a scheduled event record 52. Additionally. the user could
`enter scheduled events from a desktop computer (not shown)
`that communicates with the server 4 via a network such as
`
`the Internet. The scheduled events may be shown in a
`calendar rendered on the display 18. Additionally. the sched-
`uled events may be shown in a calendar rendered on another
`computer capable of accessing the server user records St) in
`the server 4. such as a desktop computer communicating
`with the server 4 over the Internet.
`FIG. 3!; illustrates fields in a measured positioned record
`54 for a user, including a date 80 and time 82 the position
`was measured. a position coordinate 84 expressed as a
`unique three dimensional x. y, a geographic coordinate on
`the surface of the earth. and a location description 86
`providing descriptive inibnnation on the location.
`In the
`described implementations. the PIM client 20 periodically
`generates a measured position record 54 by obtaining the
`measured position coordinate (x. y. z] and the current time
`from the locator 14 (which may. in certain implementation
`interact with external components to provide the location
`and position coordinate). The location description 86 may be
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`the wireless device 2 or determined
`obtained locally at
`subsequently by the server 4 as described in the following
`implementations.
`FIG. Jr- illustrates the fields maintained in the user defined
`
`56 and public 58 location records. An access level field 90
`indicates which users can be alloWed to use the location
`record 56 or 58 to detemiine infomiation about a location.
`
`The public location record 58 has public level access such
`that the PIM server 24 can consider a public location record
`58 for arty user in the PIM database 22. A user location
`record 56 cart only be considered for the particular user that
`defined the location record 58 and any other authorized users
`in the system. as indicated by the access level 90. A
`geographic boundary field 92 defines a bo