Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 1 of 61 Page ID #:699
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 1 of 61 Page ID #:699
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`EXHIBIT 10
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`EXHIBIT 10
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`COMPLAINT-634
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`COMPLAINT-634
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 2 of 61 Page ID #:700
`Ca868=20-CV'0049° ”0°“mem 1'10 Flilllll|lllllllllljlllfllllflfllfilllflllll|||l|1||||lllllgllllllllll’lllllllf’
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`US008804079B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`US 8,804,079 B2
`Nakanishi et al.
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Aug. 12, 2014
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`
`(54) LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE
`
`(71) Applicant: Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha, Osaka (JP)
`
`(72)
`
`Inventors: Yohei Nakanishi, Osaka (JP); Kunihiro
`Tashiro, Osaka (JP); Katsufumi
`Ohmuro, Osaka (JP); Kazutaka
`Hanaoka, Osaka (JP); Jin Hirosawa,
`Osaka (JP); Norio Sugiura, Kawasaki
`(JP); Kengo Kanii, Himeji (JP); Shota
`Makimoto, Kawasaki (JP); Naoto
`Kondo, Osaka (JP); Isao Tsushima,
`Osaka (JP); Tomonori Tanose, Osaka
`(JP); Takashi Takagi, Osaka (JP);
`Tetsuya Fujikawa, Osaka (JP)
`
`(73) Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha, Osaka (JP)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl.No.: 13/846,563
`
`(22)
`
`(65)
`
`Filed:
`
`Mar. 18, 2013
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2013/0208202 A1
`
`Aug. 15, 2013
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`(62) Division of application No. 13/007,894, filed on Jan.
`17, 2011, now Pat. No. 8,432,518, which is a division
`ofapplication No. 12/785,215, filed on May 21, 2010,
`now Pat. No. 7,920,239, which is a division of
`application No. 12/723,977, filed on Mar. 15, 2010,
`now Pat. No. 8,325,306, which is a division of
`application No. 11/104,309, filed on Apr. 12, 2005,
`now Pat. No. 7,710,523.
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Jan. 6, 2005
`
`(JP) ................................. 2005-001356
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`G02F 1/133 7
`G02F 1/1343
`(52) US. Cl.
`USPC ............................ 349/129; 349/139; 349/143
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC .......................................................... 349/ 129
`
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,724,111 A
`
`3/ 1998 Mizobata et a1.
`
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`JP
`JP
`
`5-232465
`8-36186
`
`9/1993
`2/1996
`
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Office Action issued by the United States Patent and Trademark
`Office for U.S.App1.N0. 12/723,977, mailed Sep. 29, 2010.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner 7 Wen-Ying P Chen
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm 7 Greer Burns & Crain, Ltd.
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A liquid crystal display device including a first and second
`substrates and a liquid crystal
`layer. The first substrate
`includes a plurality ofpicture elements, and at least one ofthe
`plurality of picture elements includes: a switching element; a
`plurality of gate bus lines extending in a first direction and
`electrically connected to the switching element; a plurality of
`data bus lines extending in a second direction and electrically
`connected to the switching element; a first sub picture ele-
`ment electrode and a second sub picture element electrode
`disposed adjacent to the first sub picture element electrode
`with a gap therebetween, and a control electrode overlapping
`both the first and second sub picture element electrodes. The
`control electrode extends in the second direction. Each of the
`first and second sub picture element electrodes includes a
`cross-shaped connecting electrode part and microelectrode
`parts extending from the connecting electrode part.
`
`19 Claims, 33 Drawing Sheets
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`COMPLAINT—63 5
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`COMPLAINT-635
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 3 of 61 Page ID #:701
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 3 of 61 Page ID #:701
`
`US 8,804,079 B2
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`Page 2
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`(56)
`
`References Cited
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`3’23??? 3%
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`2002/0075437 A1
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`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`JP
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`JP
`JP
`JP
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`JP
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`
`KR
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`2003-156731
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`2003-315781
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`2003-0019080
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`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`_
`Amendment C filed on Oct. 21, 2010, 1n response to the Sep. 29, 2010
`Office Action issued for L.S.App1.\Io. 12/723,977.
`Office Action issued by the United States Patent and Trademark
`Office for US. Appl. No. 12/723,977, mailed Dec. 27, 2010.
`Amendment D filed on Jun. 21, 201 1, in response to the Dec. 27,2010
`Office Action issued for L.S.App1.\Io. 12/723,977.
`Office Action issued by the United States Patent and Trademark
`Office for U.S.App1.N0. 12/723,977, mailed Jul. 21, 2011.
`Amendment E filed on Dec. 21, 2011, in response to the Jul. 21,2011
`Office Action issued for L .S. Appl. \Io. 12/723,977.
`Office Action issued by the United States Patent and Trademark
`Office for U.S.App1.No. 13/007,908, mailed Mar. 29, 2011.
`.
`.
`AmendmentA filed on Jun. 27, 201 1, in response to the Mar. 29, 2011
`Office Act10n 1ssued for L.S.App1.\Io. 13/007,908.
`Office Action issued by the United States Patent and Trademark
`Office for U.S. Appl. No. l3/007,908, mailed Jul. 21, 2011.
`Amendment B filed on Dec. 20, 2011, in response to the Jul. 21, 2011
`Office Action issued for L .8. Appl. \Io. 13/007,908.
`Amendment A filed Jun. 27, 2011, in response to the Mar. 29, 2011
`Office Action issued for L .S. Appl. \Io. 13/007,908.
`Office Action issued by the United States Patent and Trademark
`Office for U.S.App1.No. 13/069,640, mailed Jun. 16,2011.
`AmendmentAfiledon Oct. 14, 2011, in response to the Jun. 16,2011
`Office Action issued for L .S. Appl. \Io. 13/069,640.
`Notice of Allowance issued by the United States Patent and Trade-
`mark Office for U.S.App1.N0. 13/007,908, mailed Feb. 23, 2012.
`Notice of Allowance issued by the United States Patent and Trade-
`mark Office for US. Appl. No. 13/069,640, mailed Feb. 7, 2012.
`Office Act10n 1ssued by the Unlted States Patent and Trademark
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`Notice of Allowance issued by the United States Patent and Trade-
`mark Office for US. Appl. No. 12/979,060, mailed Jul. 27, 2011.
`Notice of Allowance issued by the United States Patent and Trade-
`mark Office for U.S.App1. No. 12/979,060, mailed Nov. 15,2011.
`
`COMPLAINT-636
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`COMPLAINT-636
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 4 of 61 Page ID #:702
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 4 of 61 Page ID #:702
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 1 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 1
`
`(PRIOR ART)
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`
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`COMPLAINT-637
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`COMPLAINT-637
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 5 of 61 Page ID #:703
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 5 of 61 Page ID #:703
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 2 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 2
`
`(PRIOR ART)
`
`.
`
`
`
`IN A DIRECTION DOWNWARDS
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`
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`
`50
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`100
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`150
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`200
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`250
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`COMPLAINT—63 8
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`COMPLAINT-638
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 6 of 61 Page ID #:704
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 6 of 61 Page ID #:704
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 3 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`COMPLAINT-639
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`COMPLAINT-639
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`

`a
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 7 of 61 Page ID #:705
`7
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`COMPLAINT-640
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`COMPLAINT-640
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 8 of 61 Page ID #:706
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 8 of 61 Page ID #:706
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 5 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`
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`—— FROM THE FRONT
`INANOBUQUEDMECUON
`"*'(PRESENTEXAMPLE)
`IN AN OBUQUE DIRECTION
`(CONVENTIONAL EXAMPLE)
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`COMPLAINT-641
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 9 of 61 Page ID #:707
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 9 of 61 Page ID #:707
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 6 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 10 of 61 Page ID #:708
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 10 of 61 Page ID #:708
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`US. Patent
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`COMPLAINT-643
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 11 of 61 Page ID #:709
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 11 of 61 Page ID #:709
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`US. Patent
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`COMPLAINT-644
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 12 of 61 Page ID #:710
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 12 of 61 Page ID #:710
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`US. Patent
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 13 of 61 Page ID #:711
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 13 of 61 Page ID #:711
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`Sheet 10 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 10
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`COMPLAINT-646
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`COMPLAINT-646
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 14 of 61 Page ID #:712
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 14 of 61 Page ID #:712
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 11 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 11
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`COMPLAINT-647
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 15 of 61 Page ID #:713
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 15 of 61 Page ID #:713
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 12 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 12
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`215b
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`215a
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`2%
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`212
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`COMPLAINT-648
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`COMPLAINT-648
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 16 of 61 Page ID #:714
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 16 of 61 Page ID #:714
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 13 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 13
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`205215a 215b
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`v
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`215b
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`215a
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`212
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`COMPLAINT-649
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`COMPLAINT-649
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 17 of 61 Page ID #:715
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 17 of 61 Page ID #:715
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 14 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`312
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`3190
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`COMPLAINT-650
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`COMPLAINT-650
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 18 of 61 Page ID #:716
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 18 of 61 Page ID #:716
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 15 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 19 of 61 Page ID #:717
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 19 of 61 Page ID #:717
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 16 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`
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`RATIO
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`COMPLAINT-652
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`COMPLAINT-652
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 20 of 61 Page ID #:718
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 20 of 61 Page ID #:718
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 17 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 21 of 61 Page ID #:719
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 21 of 61 Page ID #:719
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 18 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`COMPLAINT-654
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`COMPLAINT-654
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 22 of 61 Page ID #:720720
`Case 8
`20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 F
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`U S. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 19 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 19
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`COMPLAINT-655
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 23 of 61 Page ID #:721
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 23 of 61 Page ID #:721
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 20 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`COMPLAINT-656
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 24 of 61 Page ID #:722
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 24 of 61 Page ID #:722
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 21 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`COMPLAINT-657
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 25 of 61 Page ID #:723
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 25 of 61 Page ID #:723
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 22 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 22
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`COMPLAINT—65 8
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`COMPLAINT-658
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 26 of 61 Page ID #:724
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 26 of 61 Page ID #:724
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 23 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 23A
`
`FIG. 23B
`
`WITHOUT BLACK
`MATRICES
`
`INTERVAL 7 u m
`
`WITHOUT BLACK
`MATRICES
`
`INTERVAL 5 u m
`
`
`
`FIG. 24A
`
`FIG. 24B
`
`wrm BLACK
`ATREICS
`
`wrm BLACK
`
`MATRICES
`
`.
`
`INTERVAL 5 u m
`
`
`
`181 cd/m2
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`COMPLAINT-659
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`COMPLAINT-659
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`

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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 27 of 61 Page ID #:725
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 27 of 61 Page ID #:725
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`U.S. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 24 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 25A
`
`STATE THAT
`ALIGNMENT OF THE
`LIQUID CRYSTALS
`ARE STABLE
`
`*4ms
`
`+8 ms
`
`+12ms
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`+20ms
`
`+24ms
`
`' "+8-435—
`
`mTmm
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`POLARIZING PLATES
`
`WITH
`CIRCULAR
`
`FIG. 25B
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`COMPLAINT-660
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`COMPLAINT-660
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`

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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 28 of 61 Page ID #:726
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 25 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`
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`COMPLAINT-661
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`COMPLAINT-661
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 29 of 61 Page ID #:727
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 29 of 61 Page ID #:727
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 26 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`
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`441
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`442
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`COMPLAINT-662
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`COMPLAINT-662
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`

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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 30 of 61 Page ID #:728
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 30 of 61 Page ID #:728
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 27 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`412
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`COMPLAINT-663
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`COMPLAINT-663
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 31 of 61 Page ID #:729
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 31 of 61 Page ID #:729
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 28 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`412
`
`462b
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`462C
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`419a
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`COMPLAINT-664
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`COMPLAINT-664
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 32 of 61 Page ID #:730
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 32 of 61 Page ID #:730
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 29 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 30
`
`100
`
`CONVENTIONAL
`
`EXAMPLE
`J
`
`
`
`DIRECTLY-CONNECTEDPICTURE
`
`90
`
`so
`
`70
`
`(%) A01OO
`ELEMENTELECTRODERATIO
`
`
`
`O) O
`
`4.0
`
`4.5
`
`5.0
`
`5.5
`
`6.0
`
`WHITE DISPLAY VOLTAGE (V)
`
`COMPLAINT-665
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`COMPLAINT-665
`
`

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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 33 of 61 Page ID #:731
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 30 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 31
`
`417
`
`418
`
`
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`COMPLAINT-666
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`COMPLAINT-666
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`

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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 34 of 61 Page ID #:732
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 31 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`417
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`
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`COMPLAINT-667
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`COMPLAINT-667
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 35 of 61 Page ID #:733
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 35 of 61 Page ID #:733
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 32 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`FIG. 33
`
`417
`
`418
`/
`
`41 2
`
`i
`
`
`
`I)
`
`
`\f‘
`V///7
`
`
`L2=4¢hn
`
`Sz=fi15un1
`
`LF=6un1
`
`S1=3.5[1m
`
`\.
`
`
`4190W-
`
`
`
`I,\J
`
`4'
`
`M:S=446
`
`COMPLAINT-668
`
`COMPLAINT-668
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 36 of 61 Page ID #:734
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 36 of 61 Page ID #:734
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 12, 2014
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`Sheet 33 of 33
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`L2=4 um
`
`82:3.5 [1m
`
`S1 =3.5[1m
`
`L1 =611m
`
`COMPLAINT-669
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`COMPLAINT-669
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 37 of 61 Page ID #:735
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-10 Filed 03/10/20 Page 37 of 61 Page ID #:735
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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`1
`LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is a divisional of application Ser. No.
`13/007,894, filed Jan. 17, 201 1, which is a divisional ofappli-
`cation Ser. No. 12/785,215, filed May 21, 2010, now US. Pat.
`No. 7,920,239, which is a Divisional of application Ser. No.
`12/723,977, filed Mar. 15, 2010, now US. Pat. No. 8,325,306,
`which is a divisional of application Ser. No. 1 1/ 104,309, filed
`Apr. 12, 2005, now US. Pat. No. 7,710,523, which claims
`priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-001356,
`filed on Jan. 6, 2005, the contents being incorporated herein
`by reference.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`
`The present invention relates to a MVA (Multi-domain
`Vertical Alignment) mode liquid crystal display device, and
`particularly to a liquid crystal display device in which a
`polymer for determining a direction in which liquid crystal
`molecules tilt while voltage is being applied is formed in a
`liquid crystal layer thereof.
`2. Description of the Prior Art
`In general, a liquid crystal display device is constituted of:
`a liquid crystal panel which is fabricated to contain liquid
`crystal between two substrates thereof; and polarizing plates
`which are arranged respectively in the two sides of the liquid
`crystal panel. A picture element electrode is formed in each of
`picture elements in one substrate ofthe liquid crystal panel. A
`common electrode used commonly for the picture elements is
`formed in the other substrate ofthe liquid crystal panel. When
`voltage is applied between the picture element electrode and
`the common electrode, alignment directions of liquid crystal
`molecules change depending on the voltage. As a result, this
`changes an amount of light which passes the liquid crystal
`panel and the polarizing plates arranged respectively on the
`two sides of the liquid crystal panel. If applied voltage were
`controlled for each of the picture elements, a desired image
`can be displayed on the liquid crystal display device.
`With regard to a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode liquid crystal
`display device which has been heretofore used widely, liquid
`crystal with positive dielectric anisotropy is used, and liquid
`crystal molecule is twisted and aligned between the two sub-
`strates. However, the TN mode liquid crystal display device
`has a disadvantage of having insufiicient viewing angle char-
`acteristics. In other words, with regard to the TN mode liquid
`crystal display device, tone and contrast are extremely dete-
`riorated when the liquid crystal panel is viewed in an oblique
`direction. Accordingly, the contrast is reversed in extreme
`cases.
`
`An IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode liquid crystal display
`device and a MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) mode
`liquid crystal display device have been known as liquid crys-
`tal display devices having goodviewing angle characteristics.
`With regard to the IPS mode liquid crystal display device,
`picture element electrodes shaped like a line and common
`electrodes shaped like a line are arranged alternately in one of
`the two substrates. Ifvoltage were applied between one of the
`picture element electrodes and neighboring one of the com-
`mon electrodes, the orientations respectively of the liquid
`crystal molecules change in a plane parallel with a surface of
`the substrate depending on the voltage.
`Although, however, the IPS mode liquid crystal display
`device is good at viewing angle characteristics, the orienta-
`
`10
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`15
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`20
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`25
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`30
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`35
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`40
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`45
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`50
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`55
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`60
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`65
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`2
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`tions respectively of the liquid crystal molecules above the
`picture element electrode and the common electrode cannot
`be controlled since voltage is applied in a direction which is
`parallel with the substrate. This brings about a disadvantage
`that the IPS mode liquid crystal display device substantially
`has a low aperture ratio, and that the screen of it is dark if a
`powerful backlight were not used.
`With regard to the MVA mode liquid crystal display device,
`picture element electrodes are formed in one of the two sub-
`strates, and a common electrode is formed in the other of the
`two substrates. In addition, with regard to a generally-used
`MVA mode liquid crystal display device, bank-shaped pro-
`trusions made of dielectric material extending in an oblique
`direction are formed on the common electrode. Each of the
`
`picture element electrodes is provided with slits parallel with
`the protrusions.
`With regard to the MVA mode liquid crystal display device,
`while voltage is not being applied, the liquid crystal mol-
`ecules are aligned in a direction perpendicular to the sub-
`strates. When voltage is applied between each of the picture
`element electrodes and the corresponding common electrode,
`the liquid crystal molecules are aligned to tilt at an angle
`corresponding to the voltage. In this occasion, a plurality of
`domains are formed in each ofthe picture elements by the slits
`provided into the picture element electrode and by the corre-
`sponding bank-shaped protrusions. The directions in which
`the liquid crystal molecules tilt vary from one domain to
`another. Ifthe plurality of domains were formed in any one of
`the picture elements while the directions in which the liquid
`crystal molecules tilt vary from one domain to another, good
`viewing angle characteristics can be obtained.
`With regard to the aforementioned MVA mode liquid crys-
`tal display device, the slits and the protrusions decrease the
`substantial aperture ratio. Accordingly, the substantial aper-
`ture ratio of the MVA mode liquid crystal display device is
`lower than that of the TN mode liquid crystal display device,
`although the substantial aperture ratio is not so low as that of
`the IPS mode liquid crystal display device. For this reason,
`the MVA mode liquid crystal display device needs a powerful
`backlight. As a result, this kind of MVA mode liquid crystal
`display device has hardly been adopted for a notebook per-
`sonal computer, which requires power consumption to be low.
`Japanese Patent Laid-open Official Gazette No. 2003-
`149647 has disclosed a MVA mode liquid crystal display
`device which was developed in order to solve the aforemen-
`tioned problems. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the MVA
`mode liquid crystal display device. Incidentally, FIG. 1 shows
`two picture element regions.
`A plurality of gate bus lines 11 extending in the horizontal
`direction Oi-axis direction) and a plurality ofdata bus lines 12
`extending in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction) are
`formed on one of the two substrates constituting a liquid
`crystal panel. An insulating film (gate insulating film) is
`formed in each ofthe rectangular areas defined by the gate bus
`lines 11 and the data bus lines 12. This formation electrically
`isolates the gate bus lines 11 from the data bus lines 12. Each
`of the rectangular areas defined by the gate bus lines 11 and
`the data bus lines 12 is a picture element region.
`A TFT (thin film transistor) 14 and a picture element elec-
`trode 15 are formed in each of the picture element region. As
`shown in FIG. 1, the TFT 14 uses part ofthe gate bus line 11
`so as to cause the part to function as a gate electrode. A
`semiconductor film (not illustrated) which functions as an
`active layer of the TFT 14 is formed above the gate electrode.
`A drain electrode 14a and a source electrode 14b are con-
`
`nected respectively to the two sides of this semiconductor
`film in the Y-axis direction. The source electrode 14b of the
`
`COMPLAINT-670
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`COMPLAINT-670
`
`

`

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`US 8,804,079 B2
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`3
`TFT 14 is electrically connected to the data bus line 12, and
`the drain electrode 14a is electrically connected to the picture
`element electrode 15.
`
`In this patent application, out of the two electrodes con-
`nected to the semiconductor film which functions as the
`
`active layer of the TFT, one electrode to be connected to the
`data bus line is termed as a source electrode, and the other
`electrode to be connected to the picture element electrode is
`termed as a drain electrode.
`
`The picture element electrode 15 is formed of a transparent
`conductive material such as ITO (Indium-Tin Oxide). Slits
`1511 are formed in this picture element electrode 15 in order to
`cause liquid crystal molecules to be aligned in one of four
`directions when voltage is applied. In other words, the picture
`element electrode 15 is divided into four domains with the
`
`center line in parallel with the X-axis direction and the center
`line in parallel with the Y-axis direction defined as bound-
`aries. A plurality of slits 15a extending in a direction at an
`angle of 45 degrees to the X axis are formed in a first domain
`(upper right domain). A plurality of slits 15a extending in a
`direction at an angle of 135 degrees to the X axis are formed
`in a second domain (upper left domain). A plurality of slits
`15a extending in a direction at an angle of 225 degrees to the
`X axis are formed in a third domain (lower left domain). A
`plurality of slits 15a extending in a direction at an angle of3 l 5
`degrees to the X axis are formed in a fourth domain (lower
`right domain). A vertical alignment film (not illustrated)
`made ofpolyimide is formed on the picture element electrode
`15.
`Black matrices, color filters and a common electrode are
`formed in the other substrate. The black matrices are made of
`
`a metal such as Cr (chromium), or of black resin. The black
`matrices are arranged respectively in positions, each ofwhich
`is opposite to any one of the gate bus lines 11, the data bus
`lines 12 and the TFTs 14. The color filters are classified into
`
`three types, such as red, green and blue. Any one of the three
`types of color filters is arranged in each of the picture ele-
`ments. The common electrode is made of a transparent con-
`ductive material such as ITO, and is formed on the color
`filters. A vertical alignment film made ofpolyimide is formed
`on the common electrode.
`
`A liquid crystal panel is constituted in the following man-
`ner. These substrates are arranged to be opposite to each other
`with spacers (not illustrated) interposed between the two
`substrates. Liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy
`is filled between the two substrates. Hereinafter, out of the
`two substrates constituting the liquid crystal panel, one sub-
`strate on which a TFT is formed will be termed as a TFT
`
`10
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`15
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`20
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`25
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`30
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`35
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`40
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`45
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`substrate, and the other substrate which is arranged to be
`opposite to the TFT substrate will be termed as an opposing
`substrate.
`
`50
`
`In the case of the MVA mode liquid crystal display device
`shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned
`virtually perpendicularly to the surface of each of the sub-
`strates while voltage is not being applied to the picture ele-
`ment electrode 15. When voltage is applied to the picture
`element electrode 15, the liquid crystal molecules 10 tilt in the
`directions in which the respective slits 15a extend as sche-
`matically shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, four domains are
`formed in any of the picture elements while the directions in
`which the liquid crystal molecules tilt vary from one domain
`to another. This inhibits light from leaking in oblique direc-
`tions, and thus securing good viewing angle characteristics.
`Changing the subject. In the case of the MVA mode liquid
`crystal display device shown in FIG. 1,
`it remains to be
`determined whether the liquid crystal molecules 10 tilt
`inwards (in directions of the center of the picture element) or
`
`55
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`60
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`65
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`4
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`outwards (in directions ofthe outside of the picture element),
`immediately after voltage is applied to the picture element
`electrode 15. First of all, the electric field in extremities ofthe
`picture element electrode 15 determines the liquid crystal
`molecules 10 in extremities of the slits 1511 (near the data bus
`line 12) to tilt inwards. Subsequently, the liquid crystal mol-
`ecules 10 in positions inwards from the extremities tilt
`towards the center of the picture element. Then, the liquid
`crystal molecules 10 in positions further inwards from the
`extremities tilt towards the center ofthe picture element. This
`process is repeated until all the liquid crystal molecules tilt
`towards the center of the picture element. Accordingly, it
`takes time for all the liquid crystal molecules 10 in a picture
`element to complete tilting in predetermined directions. This
`brings about a problem that the response time is long.
`The aforementioned Japanese Patent Laid-open Official
`Gazette No. 2003-149647 has disclosed that a liquid crystal
`display device is fabricated in the following manner. First,
`liquid crystal to which a polymer component (monomer) is
`added is filled into the space between the pair of the sub-
`strates. Then, voltage is applied between the picture element
`electrode and the common electrode, thereby causing the
`liquid crystal to align in predetermined directions. Thereafter,
`beams of ultraviolet light are irradiated to the polymer com-
`ponent, and thereby the polymer component is polymerized.
`By this, polymer is made in the liquid crystal layer. In the case
`of the liquid crystal display device thus fabricated, the poly-
`mer in the liquid crystal layer determines directions in which
`the liquid crystal molecules tilt. For this reason, no sooner is
`voltage applied between the picture element electrode and the
`common electrode than all of the liquid crystal molecules in
`the picture element start to tilt in predetermined directions.
`Accordingly, the response time is reduced to a large extent.
`In addition, addition of a polymer component to liquid
`crystal has been disclosed, also, by Japanese Patent Laid-
`open Official Gazette No. Hei. 11-95221 and Japanese Patent
`Laid-open Official Gazette No. Hei. 8-36186.
`In general, in the case of a vertical alignment (VA) mode
`liquid crystal display device, it has been known that the gray-
`scale brightness characteristics to be observed when the liq-
`uid crystal display device is viewed from the front is different
`from that to be observed when the liquid crystal display
`device is viewed in an oblique direction. The aforementioned
`MVA mode liquid crystal display device also has the same
`defect. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a gray-scale brightness
`characteristics to be observed when the MVA mode liquid
`crystal display device is viewed from the front, and a gray-
`scale brightness characteristics to be observed when the MVA
`mode liquid crystal display device is viewed in a direction at