Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 1 of 84 Page ID #:462
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 1 of 84 Page ID #:462
`
`
`EXHIBIT 7
`
`EXHIBIT 7
`
`
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-3 97
`
`COMPLAINT-397
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 2 of 84 Page ID #:463
`Ca868=20-CV'0049° ”0°“mem 1'7 FlllllllllllllllllllIllll’llllflllllllllllllll||||lfl‘lllllllfilll‘llllllll
`
`US008531634B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`US 8,531,634 B2
`(10) Patent No.:
`Hanaoka et al.
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`(54) LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Kazutaka Hanaoka, Kawasaki (JP);
`Seiji Tanuma, Kawasaki (JP); Yohei
`Nakanishi, Kawasaki (JP); Kazuya
`Ueda, Kawasaki (JP); Shingo Kataoka,
`Kawasaki (JP); Takahiro Sasaki,
`Kawasaki (JP); Arihiro Takeda,
`Kawasaki (JP); Hideaki Tsuda,
`Kawasaki (JP); Takatoshi Mayama,
`Kawasaki (JP); Yuichi Inoue, Kawasaki
`(JP); Norio Sugiura, Kawasaki (JP)
`
`(73) Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha, Osaka (JP)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl.No.: 12/951,630
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Nov. 22, 2010
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2011/0063553 A1
`
`Mar. 17, 2011
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`(60) Continuation of application No. 12/261,788, filed on
`Oct. 30, 2008, now Pat. No. 7,872,719, which is a
`division ofapplication No. 11/029,965, filed on Jan. 5,
`2005, now Pat. No. 7,499,132, which is a division of
`application No. 10/095,626, filed on Mar. 12, 2002,
`now Pat. No. 6,977,704.
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Mar. 30, 2001
`
`(JP) ................................. 2001-098455
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`G02F 1/133 7
`
`(2006.01)
`
`(52) US. Cl.
`USPC .............................. 349/129; 349/93; 349/130
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC .......................................................... 349/ 129
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,872,611 A
`6,040,885 A
`6,081,315 A
`6,157,425 A
`6,177,972 B1 *
`6,177,973 B1*
`6,297,866 B1 *
`
`2/1999 Hirata et 31.
`3/2000 Koike et al.
`6/2000 Matsuyama et al.
`12/2000 Kuo et al.
`1/2001 Held et al.
`1/2001 Lee et al.
`10/2001 Seo et al.
`
`...................... 349/88
`
`.. 349/123
`...................... 349/141
`
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`1211745 A
`3/1999
`1264844 A
`8/2000
`
`CN
`CN
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner 7 Richard Kim
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm 7 Greer, Bums & Crain, Ltd.
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates
`arranged opposite to each other to form a gap; spaced vertical
`alignment films formed on the substrate in the gap; a cured
`material formed on at least one of the alignment films in the
`gap; and a liquid crystal layer of liquid crystal molecules. The
`display also includes a pixel electrode formed on one of the
`substrates in a pixel region and having either a plurality of
`elongated members arranged with spaces therebetween and
`connected by a connecting member or a plurality of elongated
`openings arranged in patterns. Finally, the cured material is at
`least formed on the vertical alignment films so that an align-
`ment direction ofat least the liquid crystal molecules adjacent
`the alignment films is regulated.
`
`17 Claims, 52 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-3 9 8
`
`COMPLAINT-398
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 3 of 84 Page ID #:464
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1—7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 3 of 84 Page ID #:464
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`6,344,883 B2
`2/2002 Yamada et 31.
`6,437,845 B1
`8/2002 Yamada et 31.
`6,459,467 B1
`10/2002 Hashimoto et 31.
`6,466,291 B1 * 10/2002 Ham ............................. 349/141
`6,466,293 B1 * 10/2002 Suzuki et al.
`................. 349/144
`6,567,144 B1
`5/2003 Kim et al.
`6,642,981 B1
`11/2003 Ohmuro et 31.
`6,661,488 B1
`12/2003 Takeda et 31.
`6,671,019 B1 * 12/2003 Petschek et al.
`6,671,025 B1
`12/2003 Ikeda et 31.
`6,710,837 B1
`3/2004 Song et al.
`7,414,688 B2 *
`8/2008 Kim .............................. 349/141
`7,872,718 B2 *
`1/2011 Inoue et al.
`................... 349/129
`2001/0006410 A1
`7/2001 Yamada et al.
`2004/0119924 A1
`6/2004 Takeda et al.
`
`................. 249/129
`
`.............. 349/129
`
`JP
`JP
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5-216014
`8/1993
`06-160814
`6/ 1994
`
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`KR
`KR
`
`6-214218
`8-015707
`8-292423
`09_179101
`9-269472
`10-153802
`10-260427
`11-149093
`11-212093
`11-223814
`11.242225
`11-326927
`2000-056305
`2000-075297
`2000-098393
`2000-122044
`A 2000-267101
`2000-347189
`2001.249340
`1996-015028
`1999-006951
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`8/1994
`1/1996
`11/1996
`7/1997
`10/1997
`6/1998
`9/1998
`6/1999
`8/1999
`8/1999
`9/1999
`11/1999
`2/2000
`3/2000
`4/2000
`4/2000
`9/2000
`12/2000
`9/2001
`5/1996
`“1999
`
`COMPLAINT-3 99
`
`COMPLAINT-399
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 4 of 84 Page ID #:465
`Case 8:20-Cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 4 of 84 Page ID #:465
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 1 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIGJA
`
`aka
`I
`I UV IRRADIATION
`
`LIQUID CRYSTAL SKELETON
`
`ELECTRIC /
`FIELD
`fr
`MAIN
`
`CHAIN 67
`K
`LIQUID CRYSTAL MOLECULE
`
`WII'II'JIIJJJJIIIA SUBSTRATE
`
`FIGJB
`
`
`ADSORPTION POWER
`
`ALIGNMENT REGULATING
`DIRECTION BY SIDE CHAIN
`
`/ 6pr
`
`
`
`ALIGNMENT
`REG ULATING
`a
`DIRECTION BY
`
`ALIGNMENT
`ALIGNMENT FILM
`_ FILM
`
`’Illlll’llllflflllll’” SUBSTRATE
`
`p
`
`COMPLAINT-400
`
`COMPLAINT-400
`
`

`

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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 5 of 84 Page ID #:466
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`
`COMPLAINT-401
`
`COMPLAINT-401
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 6 of 84 Page ID #:467
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 6 of 84 Page ID #:467
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 3 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`
`
`0
`
`0
`
`20
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`4o
`
`60
`
`80
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`100
`
`TRANSMITTANCE(%)
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`VOLTAGE (v)
`
`COMPLAINT-402
`
`100
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`COMPLAINT-402
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 7 of 84 Page ID #:468
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 7 of 84 Page ID #:468
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 4 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIG.5
`
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`
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`
`COMPLAINT-403
`
`COMPLAINT-403
`
`

`

`aP
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 8 of 84 Page ID #:469
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`COMPLAINT-404
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`COMPLAINT-404
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 9 of 84 Page ID #:470
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 9 of 84 Page ID #:470
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 6 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-405
`
`COMPLAINT-405
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 10 of 84 Page ID #:471
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 10 of 84 Page ID #:471
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 7 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-406
`
`COMPLAINT-406
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 11 of 84 Page ID #:472
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 11 of 84 Page ID #:472
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 8 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIGJOA
`8.__
`
`FIG.1OC
`8“
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-407
`
`COMPLAINT-407
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 12 of 84 Page ID #:473
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 12 of 84 Page ID #:473
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 9 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIG.12A
`
`FIGJZC
`
`H
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`OMPLAINT-408
`
`COMPLAINT-408
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 13 of 84 Page ID #:474
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 13 of 84 Page ID #:474
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 10 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIG.14A
`
`FIG.15T$¥
`
`
`COMPLAINT-409
`
`COMPLAINT-409
`
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 14 of 84 Page ID #:475
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 14 of 84 Page ID #:475
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 11 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`600
`
`’g 500
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`
`40%
`
`60%
`
`80%
`
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`
`TRANSMITTANCE (a.u.)
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-410
`
`COMPLAINT-410
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 15 of 84 Page ID #:476
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 15 of 84 Page ID #:476
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 12 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
` 300
`
`50H
`
`AMOUNT OF MONOMER
`_ADDITION 2.5wt%
`CONVENTIONAL
`
`g 250
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`TRANSMI'ITANCE (a.u.)
`
`COMPLAINT-41 1
`
`COMPLAINT-411
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 16 of 84 Page ID #:477
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 16 of 84 Page ID #:477
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 13 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`14
`
`FIGJQ
`
`14
`
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`COMPLAINT-412
`
`COMPLAINT-412
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 17 of 84 Page ID #:478
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 17 of 84 Page ID #:478
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 14 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIG.20A BM
`mm 11111111”
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`COMPLAINT-413
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`COMPLAINT-413
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 18 of 84 Page ID #:479
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 18 of 84 Page ID #:479
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 15 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIG.21
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-414
`
`COMPLAINT-414
`
`

`

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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 19 of 84 Page ID #:480
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 20 of 84 Page ID #:481
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 20 of 84 Page ID #:481
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 17 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIG.24
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`COMPLAINT-416
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`COMPLAINT-416
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 21 of 84 Page ID #:482
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 21 of 84 Page ID #:482
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 18 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`
`
`0.000
`
`10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000(,um)
`
`COMPLAINT-417
`
`COMPLAINT-417
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 22 of 84 Page ID #:483
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 22 of 84 Page ID #:483
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 19 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
` m
`
`0.000
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`
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`COMPLAINT-418
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`COMPLAINT-418
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 23 of 84 Page ID #:484
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 23 of 84 Page ID #:484
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
`
`Sheet 20 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`FIG.30
`
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`
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`COMPLAINT-419
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`COMPLAINT-419
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 24 of 84 Page ID #:485
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 24 of 84 Page ID #:485
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 21 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
`
`0.000
`
`10.000§20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000(,um)
`
`8
`
`COMPLAINT-420
`
`COMPLAINT-420
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 25 of 84 Page ID #:486
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 25 of 84 Page ID #:486
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 22 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
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`COMPLAINT-421
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`COMPLAINT-421
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 26 of 84 Page ID #:487
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 26 of 84 Page ID #:487
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 23 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`2‘“
`
`‘ as
`
`FIG.37
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-422
`
`COMPLAINT-422
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 27 of 84 Page ID #:488
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 27 of 84 Page ID #:488
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 24 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.38A
`
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-423
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`COMPLAINT-423
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 28 of 84 Page ID #:489
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 28 of 84 Page ID #:489
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 25 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.39A
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-424
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`COMPLAINT-424
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 29 of 84 Page ID #:490
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 29 of 84 Page ID #:490
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 26 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG .4OA
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-425
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`COMPLAINT-425
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 30 of 84 Page ID #:491
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 30 of 84 Page ID #:491
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 27 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
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`COMPLAINT-426
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`COMPLAINT-426
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 31 of 84 Page ID #:492
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 31 of 84 Page ID #:492
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 28 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
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`COMPLAINT-427
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`COMPLAINT-427
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 32 of 84 Page ID #:493
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 32 of 84 Page ID #:493
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 29 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.45A
`
`Oms
`
`FIG.45B
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`12ms
`
`
`
`FIG.45D
`
`FIG.45E
`
`FIG.45F
`
`COMPLAINT-428
`
`COMPLAINT-428
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 33 of 84 Page ID #:494
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 33 of 84 Page ID #:494
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`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 30 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
`.
`v
`
`;
`
`40ms
`
`20ms
`
`FIG.46A
`PROBLEM 1
`>5 ‘_'
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`:;
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`PROBLEM 2 1 ”w ‘r
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`PROBLEM 3
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`
`
`FIG.46E
`
`FIG.46F
`
`FIG .46G
`
`FIG.46H
`
`COMPLAINT-429
`
`COMPLAINT-429
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 34 of 84 Page ID #:495
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 34 of 84 Page ID #:495
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 31 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.47D
`
`FIG.47F
`
`FIG.47E
`
`COMPLAINT-430
`
`COMPLAINT-430
`
`

`

`aP
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`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 35 of 84 Page ID #:496
`7.
`O94
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`1Bmmm0,wJowDS
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`mtwncmma8Pe0SSa.CU
`
`%2.4.B#43m(09m41anuP84S8U
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-43 1
`
`COMPLAINT-431
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 36 of 84 Page ID #:497
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 36 of 84 Page ID #:497
`
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 33 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG .49A
`
`
`
`_I
`
`+ COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE '1
`
`1 000
`
`900
`
`800
`
`700
`
`600
`
`500
`
`400
`
`300
`
`200
`
`1 00
`
`0
`
`25
`
`50
`
`75
`
`100
`
`RELATIVE TRANSMITTANCE (%)
`
`FIG.4QB
`
`
`
`
`
`RESPONSESPEED(ms)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-432
`
`-m——
`
`
`
`mo
`
`COMPLAINT-432
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 37 of 84 Page ID #:498
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 37 of 84 Page ID #:498
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 34 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.SOB
`
`FIG.50A
`
`COMPLAINT-433
`
`COMPLAINT-433
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 38 of 84 Page ID #:499
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 38 of 84 Page ID #:499
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 35 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`__
`v— ‘_
`
`N
`VPN
`
`b
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`o'
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`
`i
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`
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`
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`
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`
`L
`
`LO.
`
`9 L
`
`COMPLAINT-434
`
`COMPLAINT-434
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 39 of 84 Page ID #:500
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 39 of 84 Page ID #:500
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 36 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`COMPLAINT-43 5
`
`412
`
`41
`
`OV
`
`FIG.SZB
`
`FIG.52A
`
`COMPLAINT-435
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 40 of 84 Page ID #:501
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 40 of 84 Page ID #:501
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 37 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`UV LIGHT
`
`HHH:
`
`
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-436
`
`COMPLAINT-436
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 41 of 84 Page ID #:502
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 41 of 84 Page ID #:502
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 38 of 52
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.55
`
`RESPONSE T on
`
`IIIIIIIIIIIIII
`
`TRANSMITTANCE 25%
`(STANDARD OF EVALUATION CELL)
`
`.
`
`O
`
`20
`
`40.
`
`60
`
`80
`
`100
`
`ATTAINED TRANSMITTANCE (O/o)
`
`FIG.56
`
`RESPONSE T off
`
`50
`
`4O
`
`30
`
`20
`
`OO
`
`O
`
`20
`
`4o
`
`60
`
`80
`
`100
`
`START TRANSMITTANCE (%)
`
`COMPLAINT-437
`
`
`
`
`
`RESPONSESPEEDTon(ms)
`
`
`
`
`
`RESPONSESPEEDToff(ms)
`
`COMPLAINT-437
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 42 of 84 Page ID #:503
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 42 of 84 Page ID #:503
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 39 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`Ton<ms)
`
`RESPONSESPEED
`
`ATTAINED TRANSMI'I‘I’ANCE (%)
`
`FIG.58
`
`RATIO
`
`200
`
` CONTRAST
`
`
`
`
`
`
`——O—_ELL—-l—CELL_HICKNESS=4.THICKNESS=2.O,u m0,u,u m
`
`
`
`0.5
`1
`1.5
`
`HEIGHT OF BANK(;zm)
`
`COMPLAINT-43 8
`
`COMPLAINT-438
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 43 of 84 Page ID #:504
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 43 of 84 Page ID #:504
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 40 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.59
`
`—o—— GAP WIDTH—115,41 m
`
`E ———>e—— GAP WIDTH=10pm
`
`T0n(ms)
`RESPONSESPEED
`
`
`150
`
`
`
`——x-— GAP WIDTH=10 [1m
`—o-— GAP WIDTH=15pm '
`'
`
`——*——- GAP WIDTH=20 ,u m
`——I—-— GAP WIDTH=25 [1 m .......
`
`
`
`ATTAiNED TRANSMITTANCE (%)
`
`COMPLAINT-439
`
`’g
`\E’
`+-
`D
`5CL
`(/3
`
`LU
`U)
`
`20C
`
`L.
`(I)
`LIJ
`CE
`
`COMPLAINT-439
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 44 of 84 Page ID #:505
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 44 of 84 Page ID #:505
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 41 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`———><——GAP WIDTH=10,um Q";
`——-o— GAP WIDTH=15 ,um -; --
`—i——GAP WIDTH=20pm ‘:":'
`=+GAP WIDTH=25,um
`.
`
`;
`;
`
`'
`
`RESPONSESPEEDTon(ms)
`
`
`
`
`
`(°/o) a
`
`_| 01
`
`
`PANEL
`
`TRANSMITTANCE‘[5vAPPLIEDVOLTAGE]
`
`BANK WIDTH ( ym)
`
`COMPLAINT-440
`
`COMPLAINT-440
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 45 of 84 Page ID #:506
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 45 of 84 Page ID #:506
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 42 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`SWITCHING
`
`
`
`
`
`HALFTONELEVELAFTER
`
`FIG.63
`
`OOOOOOOOOO
`ODOOl‘LOLDV'CONr—
`
`(9w) awu BSNOdsaa
`
`COMPLAINT-441
`
`COMPLAINT-441
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 46 of 84 Page ID #:507
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 46 of 84 Page ID #:507
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 43 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.64
`
`I
`
`
`
`__ TRANSMISSION
`
`I
`
`D HALFTONE LEVEL
`
`
`
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`6
`
`LEVELO
`
`I 2
`
`APPLIED VOLTAGE (V)
`
`COMPLAINT-442
`
`
`
`
`
`LUMINANCEOFTRANSMITTEDLIGHT(a.u.)
`
`120
`
`100
`
`03O
`
`O)O
`
`AO
`
`NO
`
`O
`
`
`
`
`O
`
`COMPLAINT-442
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 47 of 84 Page ID #:508
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 47 of 84 Page ID #:508
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 44 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`SWITCHING
`
`
`
`
`
`HALFTONE.LEVELAFTER
`
`gOOOOOOOO
`
`(8w) Swu 33N0dsaa
`
`COMPLAINT-443
`
`COMPLAINT-443
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 48 of 84 Page ID #:509
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 48 of 84 Page ID #:509
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 45 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`(%)
`
`
`
`PARAMETERVARIATION
`
`(%)JV NOLLVIHVA BWIJ. BSNOdSEIEI BLVLS NO
`
`COMPLAINT-444
`
`COMPLAINT-444
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 49 of 84 Page ID #:510
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 49 of 84 Page ID #:510
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 46 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
`DCRYSTAL1
`
` DCRYSTAL2 DCRYSTAL3 DCRYSTAL4 DCRYSTAL5
`
`(9w) 3WLL ESNOdSBH '
`
`FIG.57
`
`
`
`
`
`TRANSMITTANCEAFTERSWITCHING
`
`COMPLAINT-445
`
`COMPLAINT-445
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 50 of 84 Page ID #:511
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 50 of 84 Page ID #:511
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 47 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
`
`COMPLAINT-446
`
`COMPLAINT-446
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 51 of 84 Page ID #:512
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 51 of 84 Page ID #:512
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 48 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`(%)
`
`
`
`PARAMETERVARIATION
`
`FIGJO
`
`COMPLAINT-447
`
`O “
`
`1’
`
`o
`m
`|
`
`L8
`
`0
`
`LD
`N
`l
`
`(0/0)
`
`‘JV NOLLVIEIVA EWLL BSNOdSBH ELLV.LS 'NO
`
`COMPLAINT-447
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 52 of 84 Page ID #:513
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 52 of 84 Page ID #:513
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 49 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`FIG.71
`
`
`
`FIG.72A
`
`FIG.7ZB
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-448
`
`COMPLAINT-448
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 53 of 84 Page ID #:514
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 53 of 84 Page ID #:514
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 50 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`/“4
`130
`FIG.73A
`—_ 116
`
`V
`flo\
`
`120
`A 1
`
`24
`
`A
`—
`.—
`
`__— 1 1 8
`
`22
`
`126
`
`128
`
`/“4
`130
`FIG.73B
`__ “6—_
`v
`120
`
`0 m” ("m 0 mm
`\ /
`\Afl
`12
`A
`—
`—
`
`
`2
`
`126
`
`128
`
`FIG.7SC
`
`/m
`
`
`
`COMPLAINT-449
`
`COMPLAINT-449
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 54 of 84 Page ID #:515
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1—7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 54 of 84 Page ID #:515
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 51 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`
`
`
`
`_ 104 O
`a
`3
`9
`9
`9
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`fl
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`106
`
`O
`
`.
`
`O
`
`o
`
`108
`
`(x102
`
`Cyaaacy 110
`
`110 106
`
`104
`
`108
`
`COMPLAINT-450
`
`COMPLAINT-450
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 55 of 84 Page ID #:516
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 55 of 84 Page ID #:516
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`US. Patent
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`Sep. 10, 2013
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`Sheet 52 of 52
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`116,118
`
`\D/
`
`COMPLAINT-451
`
`COMPLAINT-451
`
`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 56 of 84 Page ID #:517
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1—7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 56 of 84 Page ID #:517
`
`1
`LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
`
`US 8,531,634 B2
`
`2
`
`This application is a continuation of application Ser. No.
`12/261,788, filed Oct. 30, 2008, which is a division of appli-
`cation Ser. No. 11/029,965, filed Jan. 5, 2005, now US. Pat.
`No. 7,499,132, which is a division of application Ser. No.
`10/095,626, filed Mar. 12, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,977,704.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`
`The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display
`(LCD), and particularly to a liquid crystal display based on an
`MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) mode of multi-di-
`Vision alignment in which alignment states of liquid crystal
`molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy are made
`different from each other.
`
`2. Description of the Related Art
`An LCD is regarded as the most promising substitute for a
`CRT among various flat panel displays. It is expected that the
`LCD has an extended market by being applied to not only a
`display monitor of a PC (Personal Computer), a word proces-
`sor, or an OA equipment, but also a display portion of a
`consumer (household electric) appliance such as a large
`screen television or a portable small-sized television.
`A display operation mode of the LCD, which is most
`frequently used at present, is a normally-white mode using a
`TN (Twisted Nematic) liquid crystal. This LCD includes
`electrodes respectively formed on opposite surfaces of two
`glass substrates arranged opposite to each other, and horizon-
`tal alignment films formed on both the electrodes. The two
`horizontal alignment films are subjected to an alignment pro-
`cessing by rubbing or the like in the directions perpendicular
`to each other. Besides, polarizing plates having polarization
`axes adjusted to be parallel to the rubbing directions of the
`alignment films of the inner surfaces of the substrates are
`respectively arranged at the respective outer surfaces of the
`substrates.
`
`When a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric
`anisotropy is sealed between the substrates, liquid crystal
`molecules in contact with the alignment film are aligned in the
`rubbing direction. That is, the alignment directions of the
`liquid crystal molecules being in contact with the two align-
`ment films cross at right angles. At the same time as that, the
`liquid crystal molecules between both the substrates are lined
`up in the direction vertical to the substrate surface while the
`alignment direction is successively rotated in a plane parallel
`to the substrate surface, and the liquid crystal is twisted with
`a twist angle of 90° between the substrates and is lined up.
`If light is made incident on one of the substrate surfaces of
`the TN type LCD of the above construction, when linearly
`polarized light having passed through the polarizing plate at
`the side of the one substrate passes through the liquid crystal
`layer, the polarization orientation rotates in an arc of 900
`along the twist of the liquid crystal molecules, and the light
`passes through the polarizing plate at the side of the other
`substrate having the polarization axis orthogonal to the polar-
`izing plate at the side of the one substrate. By this, a bright
`state display can be obtained at the time of no voltage appli-
`cation (normally-white mode).
`When a voltage is applied between the opposite electrodes,
`since major axes of the nematic liquid crystal molecules
`having the positive dielectric anisotropy are aligned perpen-
`dicularly to the substrate surface, the twist disappears. The
`liquid crystal molecules do not have birefringence (refractive
`index anisotropy) relative to the linearly polarized light inci-
`dent on the liquid crystal layer ofthis state. Accordingly, since
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`the incident light does not change its polarization direction, it
`can not pass through the other polarizing plate. By this, a dark
`state display is obtained at the time of predetermined maxi-
`mum voltage application. When the state is again made the no
`voltage application state, it is possible to return the display to
`the bright state display by alignment regulating force.
`Besides, a gradation display becomes possible by changing
`the applied voltage to control the tilt of the liquid crystal
`molecule and to change the intensity oftransmitted light from
`the other polarizing plate.
`An active matrix TN type TFT-LCD in which a TFT (Thin
`Film Transistor) is provided in each pixel as a switching
`element for controlling an applied voltage between opposite
`electrodes for each pixel is widely used for a PC display
`monitor, a portable television or the like since it is thin and
`lightweight, and a large screen and high quality can be
`obtained. A manufacturing technique of the TN type TFT-
`LCD is remarkably advanced in recent years, and the contrast,
`color reproduction property and the like when looking at the
`screen front ways are superior to a CRT. However, the TN
`type TFT-LCD has a fatal defect that a viewing angle is
`narrow. Especially, the viewing angle in the vertical direction
`is narrow in panel observation directions. The luminance of a
`dark state increases in one direction and an image becomes
`whitish, and a dark display is obtained as a whole in the other
`direction, and a luminance inversion phenomenon of an
`image occurs at a halftone. This is the biggest defect ofthe TN
`type LCD.
`As an LCD which has dissolved the problem ofthe viewing
`angle characteristics of the TN type LCD, there is an MVA-
`LCD disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2947350. An example
`ofthe construction of the MVA-LCD will be described. First,
`electrodes are respectively formed at the sides of opposite
`surfaces of two substrates having a predetermined gap and
`arranged opposite to each other. Vertical alignment films are
`formed on both the electrodes, and a liquid crystal having a
`negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed between the two ver-
`tical alignment films.A plurality of linear projections made of
`insulators are periodically formed between the electrodes and
`the vertical alignment films of both the substrates. The linear
`projections opposite to each other between the two substrates
`are arranged while they are shifted by a half pitch from each
`other when viewed from the substrate surface. The linear
`
`projections are used for alignment control to divide the liquid
`crystal in a pixel region into plural alignment orientations.
`Incidentally, even if slit portions are provided on the elec-
`trodes instead ofthe linear proj ections, the alignment division
`can be controlled.
`
`Two polarizing plates having polarization axes orthogonal
`to each other are provided at the outer surfaces of the two
`substrates. The attachment directions of the polarizing plates
`are adjusted so that the orientations of the major axes of the
`liquid crystal molecules tilted on the substrate display sur-
`faces at the time of voltage application become approxi-
`mately 45° with respect to the polarization axes of the polar-
`izing plates when viewed from the substrate surface.
`When a nematic liquid crystal having a negative dielectric
`anisotropy is sealed between the substrates, the major axes of
`the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the vertical direc-
`tion with respect to the film surface of the vertical orientation
`film. Thus, the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate sur-
`face are aligned vertically to the substrate surface, and the
`liquid crystal molecules on the tilted surfaces of the linear
`projections are aligned obliquely to the substrate surface.
`When light is made incident on one of the substrate sur-
`faces in the state where a voltage is not applied between both
`the electrodes of the MVA-LCD of the above construction,
`
`COMPLAINT-452
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`COMPLAINT-452
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`

`

`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1-7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 57 of 84 Page ID #:518
`Case 8:20-cv-00490 Document 1—7 Filed 03/10/20 Page 57 of 84 Page ID #:518
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`US 8,531,634 B2
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`3
`the linearly polarized light having passed through the one
`polarizing plate and incident on the liquid crystal layer travels
`in the directions of the major axes of the vertically aligned
`liquid crystal molecules. Since birefringence does not occur
`in the directions of the major axes of the liquid crystal mol-
`ecules, the incident light travels without changing the polar-
`ization orientation, and is absorbed by the other polarizing
`plate having the polarization axis orthogonal to that ofthe one
`polarizing plate. By this, a dark state display is obtained at the
`time of no voltage application (normally-black mode).
`When a voltage is applied between the opposite electrodes,
`the major axes of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned
`parallel to the substrate surface while the alignment orienta-
`tions of the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate surface
`are regulated in accordance with the alignment orientations of
`the liquid crystal molecules tilted by the linear projections in
`advance.
`
`The liquid crystal molecule has birefringence relative to
`the linearly polarized light incident on the liquid crystal layer
`of this state, and the polarization state of the incident light is
`changed according to the tilt ofthe liquid crystal molecule. At
`the time of predetermined maximum voltage application,
`since the light passing through the liquid crystal
`layer
`becomes, for example, linearly polarized light in which th