`
`IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLORADO
`
`Criminal Action No.:
`
`20-cr-00152-PAB
`
`UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`v.
`
`1. JAYSON JEFFREY PENN,
`
`2. MIKELL REEVE FRIES,
`
`3. SCOTT JAMES BRADY,
`
`4. ROGER BORN AUSTIN,
`
`Defendants.
`
`INDICTMENT
`
`The Grand Jury charges that:
`
`COUNT 1
`
`(Conspiracy to Restrain Trade)
`
`1.
`
`Beginning at least as early as 2012 and continuing through at least early
`
`2017, the exact dates being unknown to the Grand Jury, in the State and District of
`
`Colorado and elsewhere, JAYSON PENN, MIKELL FRIES, SCOTT BRADY, and
`
`ROGER AUSTIN (“Defendants”), together with co-conspirators known and unknown to
`
`the Grand Jury, entered into and engaged in a continuing combination and conspiracy
`
`to suppress and eliminate competition by rigging bids and fixing prices and other price-
`
`related terms for broiler chicken products sold in the United States. The combination
`
`and conspiracy engaged in by the Defendants and co-conspirators was a per se
`
`
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 2 of 20
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`unlawful, and thus unreasonable, restraint of interstate trade and commerce in violation
`
`of Section 1 of the Sherman Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1.
`
`2.
`
`The charged combination and conspiracy consisted of a continuing
`
`agreement, understanding, and concert of action among the Defendants and co-
`
`conspirators, the substantial terms of which were to rig bids and to fix, maintain,
`
`stabilize, and raise prices and other price-related terms for broiler chicken products sold
`
`in the United States.
`
`I. BACKGROUND
`
`3.
`
`Broiler chickens are chickens raised to provide meat for human
`
`consumption. Several companies (“Suppliers”) produced broiler chicken products in the
`
`United States for sale either directly or indirectly such as through a distributor and a
`
`distribution center (“DC”) to restaurants, grocery retailers, and others. During the time
`
`period of the conspiracy alleged in this Indictment, those Suppliers included, but were
`
`not limited to, Supplier-1, Supplier-2, Supplier-3, Supplier-4, Supplier-5, Supplier-6, and
`
`Supplier-7.
`
`4.
`
`Restaurants, grocery retailers, and others who purchased large volumes
`
`of broiler chicken products generally received bids from or negotiated prices and other
`
`price-related terms, including discount levels, with Suppliers directly or, in the case of
`
`some fast-food restaurants, also known as quick-service restaurants (“QSRs”), having
`
`many independent franchisees, through a centralized buying cooperative.
`
`5.
`
`Some purchasers of broiler chicken products used a “cost-plus” pricing
`
`model for 8-piece bone-in broiler chicken products (alternatively called “8-piece COB”
`
`for 8-piece chicken-on-the-bone) that varied month-to-month or period-to-period
`
`
`
`2
`
`
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`depending on the price of chicken feed and that also provided Suppliers with a per-
`
`pound margin and an “adjustment” that was effectively an additional per-pound margin.
`
`8-piece COB consisted of two breasts, two wings, two thighs, and two drumsticks.
`
`6.
`
`The price of 8-piece COB often served as a base price for other broiler
`
`chicken products. Dark meat was often priced at a certain number of cents per pound
`
`less than, or “back” from, the price per pound of 8-piece COB. As a result, a smaller
`
`number of cents back translated into a higher price for dark meat compared to a greater
`
`number of cents back. For example, “30 back” was a higher price for dark meat than
`
`“31 back.”
`
`7.
`
`Prices for broiler chicken products were sometimes tied to a market index,
`
`such as the Urner-Barry Index (“UB”), as an alternative. For example, cases of wings
`
`sold in bulk were sometimes priced at the UB per-pound price (“market”) and cases of
`
`pre-counted wings were sometimes priced at the UB per-pound price plus a specified
`
`number of cents per pound (“market plus”).
`
`8.
`
`Bidding and negotiations usually occurred annually toward the end of the
`
`calendar year and established prices and other price-related terms, including discount
`
`levels, for the following calendar year. In some instances, however, bidding and
`
`negotiation toward the end of the calendar year established prices and other price-
`
`related terms, including discount levels, for multiple calendar years. In yet other
`
`instances, bidding and negotiations occurred throughout the year and sometimes
`
`established prices and other price-related terms, including promotional discounts, for
`
`discrete periods of time.
`
`9.
`
`Bidding and negotiations often involved weekly volume commitments
`
`
`
`3
`
`
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`between Suppliers and their respective customers. If, in a given week, a Supplier could
`
`not meet its volume commitment to a customer, the Supplier could often buy broiler
`
`chicken products from another Supplier to cover the shortfall. Alternatively, the Supplier
`
`could “short” the customer by not fulfilling its volume commitment that week.
`
`II. DEFENDANTS AND OTHERS
`
`10.
`
`JAYSON PENN was an executive vice president at Supplier-1—located in
`
`Greeley, Colorado—starting in approximately January 2012. PENN became the
`
`President and Chief Executive Officer of Supplier-1 in approximately March 2019.
`
`11. ROGER AUSTIN was a vice president at Supplier-1 starting in
`
`approximately February 2007.
`
`12. MIKELL FRIES was a sales manager at Supplier-2—which was
`
`headquartered in the State of Georgia— starting in approximately 2004. In
`
`approximately 2012, FRIES was appointed to Supplier-2’s board of directors. In
`
`approximately 2016, FRIES became the President of Supplier-2.
`
`13. SCOTT BRADY was a vice president at Supplier-1 starting in
`
`approximately 1999, and a vice president at Supplier-2 starting in approximately August
`
`2012.
`
`14. Supplier-1-Employee-1 was Supplier-1’s President and Chief Executive
`
`Officer starting in approximately January 2011 until approximately March 2019.
`
`Supplier-1-Employee-1 supervised PENN.
`
`15. Supplier-1-Employee-2 was a director and manager at Supplier-1 from
`
`approximately September 2012 until approximately May 2015, and a vice president at
`
`Supplier-1 from approximately March 2015 until approximately May 2016.
`
`
`
`4
`
`
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`16. Supplier-1-Employee-3 was a director and manager at Supplier-1 starting
`
`in approximately March 2010.
`
`17. Supplier-1-Employee-4 was an employee of Supplier-1 starting at least as
`
`early as approximately September 2012.
`
`18. Supplier-3-Employee-1 was an employee of Supplier-3 starting in
`
`approximately January 1988.
`
`19. Supplier-3-Employee-2 was a manager and director at Supplier-3 starting
`
`in approximately 2009.
`
`20. Supplier-6-Employee-1 was an employee of Supplier-6.
`
`21. QSR-1 was a nationwide restaurant franchise that negotiated with
`
`Suppliers through a centralized buying cooperative, Cooperative-1. Cooperative-1-
`
`Employee-1 was an employee of Cooperative-1 from approximately June 2008 until
`
`approximately May 2014. Cooperative-1-Employee-2 was an employee of Cooperative-
`
`1 from approximately August 2004 until approximately February 2017. Cooperative-1-
`
`Employee-3 was an employee of Cooperative-1 from approximately May 2014 until
`
`approximately December 2014. Cooperative-1-Employee-4 was an employee of
`
`Cooperative-1 in 2014.
`
`22. QSR-2 was a nationwide restaurant franchise that negotiated with
`
`Suppliers through a centralized buying cooperative, Cooperative-2. Cooperative-2-
`
`Employee-1 was an employee of Cooperative-2 starting in approximately July 2008.
`
`23. QSR-3 was a nationwide restaurant franchise that negotiated directly with
`
`Suppliers. QSR-3-Employee-1 was an employee of QSR-3 starting in approximately
`
`September 2001.
`
`
`
`5
`
`
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`24. Grocer-1 was a nationwide grocery-store chain operating under various
`
`brand names in various geographical areas that negotiated directly with Suppliers.
`
`Grocer-1-Brand-1 was a grocery-store brand owned by Grocer-1. Grocer-1-Brand-1
`
`operated multiple stores in the State and District of Colorado.
`
`25. Grocer-2 was a nationwide grocery-store chain.
`
`26. Others not made Defendants in this Indictment participated as co-
`
`conspirators in the offense charged herein and performed acts and made statements in
`
`furtherance of the conspiracy.
`
`27. Whenever in this Indictment reference is made to any act, deed or
`
`transaction of any corporation, the allegation means that the corporation engaged in the
`
`act, deed, or transaction by or through its officers, directors, agents, employees, or
`
`other representatives while they were actively engaged in the management, direction,
`
`control or transaction of its business or affairs.
`
`III. MEANS AND METHODS OF THE CONSPIRACY
`
`28.
`
`It was part of the conspiracy that PENN, FRIES, BRADY, and AUSTIN,
`
`together with their co-conspirators known and unknown to the Grand Jury, in the State
`
`and District of Colorado and elsewhere, participated in a continuing network of
`
`Suppliers and co-conspirators, an understood purpose of which was to suppress and
`
`eliminate competition through rigging bids and fixing prices and price-related terms for
`
`broiler chicken products sold in the United States.
`
`29.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that PENN, FRIES, BRADY, and
`
`AUSTIN, together with their co-conspirators, in the State and District of Colorado and
`
`elsewhere, utilized that continuing network:
`
`
`
`6
`
`
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`a.
`
`to reach agreements and understandings to submit aligned, though
`
`not necessarily identical, bids and to offer aligned, though not necessarily identical,
`
`prices, and price-related terms, including discount levels, for broiler chicken products
`
`sold in the United States;
`
`b.
`
`to participate in conversations and communications relating to non-
`
`public information such as bids, prices, and price-related terms, including discount
`
`levels, for broiler chicken products sold in the United States with the shared
`
`understanding that the purpose of the conversations and communications was to rig
`
`bids, and to fix, maintain, stabilize, and raise prices and other price-related terms,
`
`including discount levels, for broiler chicken products sold in the United States;
`
`c.
`
`to monitor bids submitted by, and prices and price-related terms,
`
`including discount levels, offered by, Suppliers and co-conspirators for broiler chicken
`
`products sold in the United States.
`
`30.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that PENN, FRIES, BRADY, and
`
`AUSTIN, together with their co-conspirators, in the State and District of Colorado, and
`
`elsewhere, discussed protecting, and thereafter acted to protect, the purpose and
`
`effectiveness of the conspiracy.
`
`31.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that PENN, FRIES, BRADY, and
`
`AUSTIN, together with their co-conspirators, in the State and District of Colorado, and
`
`elsewhere, sold and accepted payment for broiler chicken products that are the subject
`
`of the allegations in this Indictment in the United States through until at least
`
`approximately December 2015.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`7
`
`
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 8 of 20
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`QSR-1’s Dark Meat and Wings Supply for 2013
`
`32.
`
`In approximately the autumn of 2012, Cooperative-1 was negotiating
`
`prices with Suppliers for dark meat and wings supply for calendar year 2013.
`
`33.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or around October 10, 2012,
`
`AUSTIN submitted Supplier-1’s bid to Cooperative-1 to supply QSR-1 with dark meat for
`
`calendar year 2013 at .30 back of the 8-piece price.
`
`34.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or around October 2012,
`
`BRADY submitted Supplier-2’s bid to Cooperative-1 to supply QSR-1 with dark meat for
`
`calendar year 2013 at .30 back.
`
`35.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that, after, Cooperative-1-Employee-1
`
`told AUSTIN on or about October 26, 2012, that because some Suppliers had bid dark
`
`meat at .30 back and other Suppliers had bid dark meat at .32 back, Cooperative-1-
`
`Employee-1 planned to ask all Suppliers to change their bids to .31 back:
`
`a.
`
`On November 13, 2012, at approximately 4:17 p.m. (EST),
`
`Supplier-6-Employee-1 called BRADY. The duration of the call was approximately 5
`
`minutes.
`
`b.
`
`On November 13, 2012, at approximately 4:22 p.m. (EST), BRADY
`
`texted FRIES: “[Supplier-6] is .30 back on dark meat.”
`
`c.
`
`On November 13, 2012, at approximately 4:23 p.m. (EST), AUSTIN
`
`called BRADY. The duration of the call was approximately 13 minutes.
`
`d.
`
`On November 13, 2012, at approximately 4:34 p.m. (EST), BRADY
`
`texted FRIES: “[Supplier-1] is .30 back and [Supplier-3] is 31 back,” to which FRIES
`
`responded “Ol [Cooperative-1-Employee-1]! He bluffing hard!”
`
`
`
`8
`
`
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 9 of 20
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`e.
`
`On November 13, 2012, at approximately 4:37 p.m. (EST), BRADY
`
`texted FRIES: “I talked to roger [AUSTIN] and this month he is .03 higher than us on 8
`
`piece.”
`
`f.
`
`On November 13, 2012, at approximately 4:45 p.m. (EST), BRADY
`
`texted FRIES: “he [AUSTIN] said to raise our prices, on wings he is market and market
`
`plus .10[.]” FRIES responded, “Tell him we are trying!” BRADY responded, “Will do[.]”
`
`g.
`
`On November 13, 2012, at approximately 4:58 p.m. (EST), AUSTIN
`
`sent Supplier-1’s second-round bid to Cooperative-1 with dark meat at .30 back, and
`
`bulk wings and pre-counted wings at “UB Mkt previous month average” and “UB Mkt
`
`previous month average + .10.”
`
`36.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 14, 2012,
`
`BRADY submitted Supplier-2’s second-round bid with dark meat at .30 back. In a cover
`
`email accompanying the second-round bid, BRADY stated, “[o]n the wings we would
`
`like to be at market for the bulk packed and market plus .10 on the precounted.”
`
`37.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 30, 2012,
`
`PENN sent Supplier-1-Employee-1 a spreadsheet containing the 8-piece COB quotes
`
`that Supplier-2, Supplier-5, and Supplier-6 had proposed to Cooperative-1.
`
`38.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or about December 2012,
`
`PENN and Cooperative-1-Employee-1 signed an agreement that the price for dark meat
`
`would be .30 back in calendar year 2013.
`
`39.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or about December 2012,
`
`BRADY and Cooperative-1-Employee-1 signed an agreement that the price for dark
`
`meat would be .3050 back in calendar year 2013.
`
`
`
`9
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`
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 10 of 20
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`QSR-1’s 2013 Request to Supply Reduced-Weight Product
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`40. On or about March 5, 2013, Cooperative-1-Employee-1 asked various
`
`Suppliers and co-conspirators to provide a quote to supply QSR-1 with a reduced-
`
`weight 8-piece COB product.
`
`41.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about March 8, 2013:
`
`a.
`
`At approximately 2:45 p.m. (EST), AUSTIN called BRADY. The
`
`duration of the call was approximately 1 minute.
`
`b.
`
`At approximately 2:48 p.m. (EST), BRADY called AUSTIN back.
`
`The duration of the call was approximately 8 minutes.
`
`c.
`
`At approximately 3:44 p.m. (EST), BRADY told FRIES, “I talked to
`
`roger [AUSTIN] about the [QSR-1] sizes and he is in agreement with us.”
`
`QSR-1’s Dark Meat Supply for 2014
`
`42.
`
`In approximately autumn of 2013, Cooperative-1 was negotiating with
`
`Suppliers for dark meat supply for calendar year 2014.
`
`43.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or about October 2013,
`
`AUSTIN submitted Supplier-1’s bid to Cooperative-1 to supply QSR-1 dark meat for
`
`calendar year 2014 at .30 back.
`
`44.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or about October 2013, BRADY
`
`submitted Supplier-2’s bid to Cooperative-1 to supply QSR-1 with dark meat for
`
`calendar year 2014 at .305 back.
`
`45.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 19, 2013:
`
`a.
`
`At approximately 1:27 p.m. (EST), BRADY called AUSTIN. The
`
`duration of the call was approximately 3 minutes.
`
`
`
`10
`
`
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 11 of 20
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`b.
`
`At approximately 1:31 p.m. (EST), BRADY texted FRIES: “Just an
`
`FYI last year we were .32 back on dark meat and this year we are 3050 back.” FRIES
`
`responded, “K. Can do .31 if want.”
`
`c.
`
`At approximately 1:31 p.m. (EST), BRADY texted FRIES: “Roger
`
`[AUSTIN] is at .30 back and not moving.” FRIES responded, “Stay .305 then[.]”
`
`46.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or about December 2013,
`
`PENN and Cooperative-1-Employee-1 signed an agreement that the price for dark meat
`
`would be .305 back in calendar year 2014.
`
`47.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in or about December 2013,
`
`BRADY and Cooperative-1-Employee-1 signed an agreement that the price for dark
`
`meat would be .305 back in calendar year 2014.
`
`QSR-1’s 8-Piece COB Supply for 2015
`
`48. Beginning approximately in the summer of 2014, Cooperative-1 was
`
`negotiating with Suppliers for 8-piece COB prices to take effect in approximately 2015.
`
`49. Supplier-1’s price for 8-piece COB sold directly or indirectly to QSR-1
`
`franchisees in calendar year 2014 included a margin of $.1175/lb.
`
`50. Supplier-2’s price for 8-piece COB sold directly or indirectly to QSR-1
`
`franchisees in calendar year 2014 included a margin of $.0673/lb.
`
`51.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about August 18, 2014:
`
`a.
`
`At approximately 12:04 p.m. (EDT) AUSTIN called BRADY. The
`
`duration of the call was approximately 24 minutes.
`
`b.
`
`At approximately 6:46 p.m. (EDT) Supplier-1-Employee-2 told
`
`PENN that “Roger [AUSTIN] did some checking around today and I included the below
`
`
`
`11
`
`
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 12 of 20
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`regarding the range of the total increases (margin and costs) folks are going in with,”
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`and then reported the numbers to PENN: Supplier-2 at .14-.16/lb., Supplier-4 at .13-
`
`.15/lb., Supplier-5 at .14-.16/lb., Supplier-6 at .15-.17/lb., and Supplier-7 at .14-.16/lb.
`
`c.
`
`Supplier-1-Employee-2 told PENN, “Considering the numbers
`
`above and the fact that we wanted to be the leader this would put us in at .1616/lb
`
`increase (.06 in cost and .10 in margin) which would equate to about $400k in additional
`
`revenue on equal volume from this year.”
`
`d.
`
`Supplier-1-Employee-2 emailed PENN a price proposal with a
`
`margin of $.2175/lb. Supplier-1-Employee-2’s email included current 2014 margins and
`
`contemplated 2015 margins for Supplier-2, Supplier-4, Supplier-5, and Supplier-7.
`
`52.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about August 19, 2014,
`
`PENN responded to Supplier-1-Employee-2’s email from the previous day, asking “2.5
`
`M lbs X. 16 =$400k per week is the math?”
`
`53.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about August 26, 2014:
`
`a.
`
`AUSTIN told PENN that Cooperative-1-Employee-2 asked if
`
`Supplier-1 would reduce its proposed increase. PENN told AUSTIN to hold firm.
`
`b.
`
`At approximately 2:52 p.m. (EDT), AUSTIN called BRADY. The
`
`duration of the call was approximately 14 minutes.
`
`c.
`
`At approximately 5:11 p.m. (EDT), BRADY texted FRIES: “I talked
`
`to roger [AUSTIN] about [QSR-1] and Greeley[, Colorado] told him not to come down on
`
`price. He called [Cooperative-1-Employee-3] today and told him.”
`
`54. BRADY then texted FRIES: “[Supplier-5] is not moving either” to which
`
`FRIES replied that Supplier-7 was not “agreeing to anything today, just listening.”
`
`
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`12
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`55.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about October 3, 2014,
`
`FRIES and Cooperative-1-Employee-4 signed an agreement that Supplier-2’s effective
`
`margin for 8-piece COB would be $.1940/lb. in calendar year 2015.
`
`56.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about October 31, 2014,
`
`AUSTIN and Cooperative-1-Employee-4 signed an agreement that Supplier-1’s margin
`
`for 8-piece COB would be $.2175/lb. in calendar year 2015.
`
`57.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that in calendar year 2015, including
`
`as late as approximately December 26, 2015, Supplier-1 sold and accepted payment for
`
`8-piece COB through a distributor to QSR-1 franchises in the United States at a margin
`
`of $.2175.
`
`QSR-3’s 8-Piece COB Supply for 2015
`
`58.
`
`In approximately the autumn of 2014, QSR-3 was negotiating with
`
`Suppliers for its 2015 8-piece COB pricing.
`
`59.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about October 17, 2014, the
`
`following text message exchange occurred between PENN and Supplier-1-Employee-3:
`
`PENN
`Supplier-1-Employee-3
`PENN
`Supplier-1-Employee-3
`
`PENN
`
`Supplier-1-Employee-3
`PENN
`PENN
`Supplier-1-Employee-3
`
`
`
`“Who is negotiating with [QSR-3]?”
`“[Supplier-1-Employee-4] and Roger [AUSTIN]”
`“Ok. Thanks”
`“We know [Supplier-7], their biggest supplier is
`0.02 higher than us and they are not going to
`negotiate.”
`“Good deal. Last time they did cave a cent or
`two with [QSR-1]”
`“They are listening to my direction”
`“Who is they?”
`“If they is illegal don’t tell me”
`“Was referring to roger [AUSTIN] listening.
`Sorry, thought you were referring to roger
`[AUSTIN] caving. Got you on [Supplier-7]
`caving on [QSR-1]. [Supplier-7] might cave but I
`wouldn’t think for our volume and their current.”
`
`13
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`
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 14 of 20
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`PENN
`
`Supplier-1-Employee-3
`
`PENN
`Supplier-1-Employee-3
`
`PENN
`
`“[Supplier-3] does the west. Hearing rumors out
`of them?”
`“Buyer said we were .07 high so that must be
`[Supplier-3’s] price…”
`“They are morons”
`“.07 back is in line with where we have priced
`everybody else but they did not add anything for
`the cost of doing business with [QSR-3] like us
`and [Supplier-7] did”
`“[Supplier-7] is a solid competitor.”
`
`60.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 7, 2014,
`
`Supplier-1-Employee-3 told PENN: “[QSR-3] just called back...came up on price. Would
`
`net somewhere around 1.00 and we went in at 1.04/1.08.”
`
`61.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 9, 2014,
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`PENN told Supplier-1-Employee-1: “I raised [QSR-3] 15c per lb” and “[QSR-3-
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`Employee-1] and his crew will pay market price plus the special A-Hole Premium.”
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`62.
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`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 10, 2014,
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`Supplier-1-Employee-3 emailed Supplier-1-Employee-4 and AUSTIN: “I do not really
`
`want to get into a pricing war with [Supplier-7] over those two DCs.”
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`Protecting the Purpose and Effectiveness of the Conspiracy
`
`63.
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`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 24, 2014,
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`after Supplier-3 asked to purchase broiler chicken products from Supplier-1 to cover a
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`shortfall to Grocer-1-Brand-1 for approximately $.05/lb. more than the price Supplier-1
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`had negotiated with Grocer-1, PENN said in a series of emails to one or more co-
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`conspirators employed by Supplier-1:
`
`a.
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`“[Supplier-3] should pay for being short. It costs money for them to
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`fill orders for which they don’t have the chickens. They have been adding market share
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`and still trying to do – selling cheap chicken and being short. Doesn’t make sense. We
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 15 of 20
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`are enabling the town drunk by giving him beer for Thanksgiving instead of walking him
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`into an AA meeting.”
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`b.
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`“[Supplier-3] is not shorting [Grocer-2]. Note [Supplier-3] just added
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`market share and distribution to [Grocer-2]. They took our business on price. Should
`
`we allow [Supplier-3] to not pay for poor decision making?”
`
`c.
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`“They need to pay so they start acting appropriately. How do they
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`pay? Their customers need to feel the pain. By not feeling the pain – [Supplier-3]
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`keeps marching along and the customers to [sic] blindly with them.”
`
`d.
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`PENN forwarded his emails to Supplier-1-Employee-1 and said:
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`“Thoughts on deli strategy to [Grocer-1-Brand-1]? We are covering [Supplier-3]
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`shortages. Continue and let [Grocer-1-Brand-1] know we are helping or start have
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`[Supplier-3] feel the pain across their system so they can start making decisions
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`commensurate with a profitable venture and not a philanthropic organization?”
`
`e.
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`Supplier-1-Employee-1 responded: “No question in my mind.
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`[Supplier-3] should have to live with the decision they made. We made ours and are
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`dealing with it. Why should it be any different for them? We SHOULD NOT HELP
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`THEM ONE MICRON.”
`
`f.
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`PENN responded: “I agree. We are just allowing our competitor to
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`continue their idiotic ways.”
`
`64.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about November 26, 2014,
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`PENN said in a series of emails to one or more co-conspirators employed by Supplier-1:
`
`a.
`
`“Our competition is offering lower margins on this item. Our
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`competition is also currently shorting [QSR-2], [Grocer-1], and [another customer]. All
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 16 of 20
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`of which we have been asked to cover this week in very slow markets. So in essence
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`they are cheap and to add insult to injury are short product.”
`
`b.
`
`“They are calling us – three tines [sic] this week – to help them
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`cover loads on small birds to their new customers – their new customers with whom
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`they just increased distribution at cheap prices. So – for Thanksgiving should we give
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`Otis a bottle of Crown (aka loads of chicken) or take him to AA (aka make him face the
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`shortage music)?”
`
`c.
`
`“We are straight up taking Otis to AA. No juice for Otis. Otis must
`
`face the music for his misguided actions. Selling cheap in a short market – no bailout
`
`for you.”
`
`d.
`
`“In other words we are not covering the loads for which [Supplier-3]
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`is asking for help.”
`
`65.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about December 22, 2014,
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`PENN told Supplier-1-Employee-1: “[Supplier-3] took this strategy of not worrying about
`
`what the competition is doing and it led to the unraveling on a competitive advantage.
`
`Have to keep our enemies close and ensure that we are not zigging when the
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`competition is successfully zagging.”
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`QSR-2’s 2015 Bone-In Promotional Discount
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`66. On or about March 25, 2015, Cooperative-2-Employee-1 asked Suppliers
`
`if QSR-2 could get “some type of discount” for a promotion in approximately September
`
`2015 “[d]ue to the increases we incurred this year.”
`
`67.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about March 26, 2015:
`
`a.
`
`At approximately 1:41 p.m. (EDT), Supplier-3-Employee-1 called
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`
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`16
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 17 of 20
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`BRADY. The duration of the call was approximately 2 minutes.
`
`b.
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`At approximately 1:43 p.m. (EDT), Supplier-3-Employee-1 called
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`Supplier-6-Employee-1. The duration of the call was approximately 25 seconds.
`
`c.
`
`At approximately 1:45 p.m. (EDT), Supplier-3-Employee-1 called
`
`Supplier-1-Employee-4. The duration of the call was approximately 33 seconds.
`
`d.
`
`At approximately 8:22 p.m. (EDT), Supplier-3-Employee-1 told
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`Supplier-3-Employee-2, “I have talked to a couple company’s [sic] and they are thinking
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`.02lb for September” and “Only bad thing is everyone else does it, it will be hard not to
`
`do it.”
`
`68.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about March 27, 2015:
`
`a.
`
`At approximately 10:30 a.m. (EDT), Supplier-3-Employee-2 told
`
`Supplier-3-Employee-1: “We discussed this morning, and we agree to offer the $0.02/lb.
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`for the month of September.”
`
`b.
`
`At approximately 10:40 a.m. (EDT), Supplier-3-Employee-1 sent a
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`text message to BRADY.
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`c.
`
`At approximately 10:42 a.m. (EDT), Supplier-6-Employee-1 called
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`Supplier-3-Employee-1. The duration of the call was approximately 3 minutes and 15
`
`seconds.
`
`69.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about March 31, 2015,
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`Supplier-1-Employee-3 told PENN: “[QSR-2] is looking to get a $0.02/lb discount from
`
`all suppliers for a September promotion. [Supplier-3], [Supplier-5], [Supplier-4],
`
`[Supplier-7], [Supplier-6], and [Supplier-2] have already agreed to the discount.”
`
`70.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about April 1, 2015, PENN
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`
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`17
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 18 of 20
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`approved providing QSR-2 with a $.0200/lb. discount.
`
`QSR-1’s Broiler Chicken Products for 2018
`
`71.
`
`In or around January 2017, Cooperative-1 was negotiating with Suppliers
`
`for 2018 broiler chicken products.
`
`72.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that, for example, on or about
`
`Monday, January 16, 2017, between approximately 2:40 p.m. (EST) and approximately
`
`4:51 p.m. (EST), there were at least 5 phone calls between BRADY and AUSTIN. The
`
`cumulative duration of the calls was approximately 15 minutes.
`
`73.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about Tuesday, January 17,
`
`2017:
`
`a.
`
`At approximately 10:11 a.m. (EST), AUSTIN called BRADY. The
`
`duration of the call was approximately 2 minutes.
`
`b.
`
`At approximately 5:54 p.m. (EST) AUSTIN told Supplier-1-
`
`Employee-4, “[Supplier-2] meets with [Cooperative-1] in [sic] Thursday and i will get a
`
`blow by blow Friday morning. [Supplier-5] meets with [Cooperative-1] in [sic] Friday.”
`
`74.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about Wednesday, January
`
`18, 2017, at approximately 2:45 pm (EST), AUSTIN called BRADY. The duration of the
`
`call was approximately 1 minute.
`
`75.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about Thursday, January
`
`19, 2017, Supplier-2 met with Cooperative-1.
`
`76.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about Friday, January 20,
`
`2017, at approximately 3:12 pm (EST), AUSTIN called BRADY. The duration of the call
`
`was approximately 7 minutes.
`
`
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`18
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 19 of 20
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`77.
`
`It was further part of the conspiracy that on or about January 27, 2017,
`
`Supplier-1 met with Cooperative-1.
`
`IV. TRADE AND COMMERCE
`
`78. During the period covered by this Indictment, the Defendants and their co-
`
`conspirators shipped substantial quantities of broiler chicken products by truck in a
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`continuous and uninterrupted flow of interstate trade and commerce to companies
`
`located in states outside the place of origin of the shipments.
`
`79. During the period covered by this Indictment, the business activities of the
`
`Defendants and their co-conspirators in connection with the sale of broiler chicken
`
`products were within the flow of, and substantially affected, interstate trade and
`
`commerce.
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`ALL IN VIOLATION OF TITLE 15, UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION 1.
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`A TRUE BILL:
`
`
`Ink signature on file in Clerk’s Office
`FOREPERSON
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`
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`19
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`Case 1:20-cr-00152-PAB Document 1 Filed 06/02/20 USDC Colorado Page 20 of 20
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`Assistant Attomey General
`
`人
`BERNARD A NIGR
`
`General
`
`MARVnヾ N PRICE JR
`DirectOr Of Criminal Enforccmcnt
`
`Antitmst D市ision
`U S Departrllent ofJusticc
`
`ef, Washington Criminal II Office
`
`MICHttL rKOENI
`HEATHER D CALL
`CAROLYN M SWEENEY
`PAUL J TORZILLI
`JILLIAN M ROGOWSKI
`LAURA J BUTTE
`T五al Attomeys
`
`Antitmst D市 ision
`U.S Depa■ mcnt of Justicc
`Washington C五 minal II Offlce
`450 Finh Street,N.W.
`Washington,D.C20530
`Tcl:(202)616-2165
`Michacl Kocnig@usda gov
`
`20
`
`