throbber
Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 1 of 175 PageID #:
`4682
`
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`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 2 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 21 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 22 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 23 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 24 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 27 of 175 PageID #:
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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 28 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 29 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 30 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`

`

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`4723
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`

`

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`4724
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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 44 of 175 PageID #:
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`

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`

`

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`

`

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`

`

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`

`

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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 50 of 175 PageID #:
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`
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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 51 of 175 PageID #:
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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 52 of 175 PageID #:
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`

`

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`

`

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`

`

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`

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`

`

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`

`

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`

`

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`

`

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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 61 of 175 PageID #:
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`

`

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`

`

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`

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`

`

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`

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`

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`

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`

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`4750
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`

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`4751
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 71 of 175 PageID #:
`4752
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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 72 of 175 PageID #:
`4753
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`

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`4754
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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 74 of 175 PageID #:
`4755
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`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 75 of 175 PageID #:
`4756
`
`JA00003197
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 76 of 175 PageID #:
`4757
`
`JA00003198
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 77 of 175 PageID #:
`4758
`
`JA00003199
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 78 of 175 PageID #:
`4759
`
`JA00003200
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 79 of 175 PageID #:
`4760
`
`JA00003201
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 80 of 175 PageID #:
`4761
`
`JA00003202
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 81 of 175 PageID #:
`4762
`
`JA00003203
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 82 of 175 PageID #:
`4763
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`JA00003204
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 83 of 175 PageID #:
`4764
`
`JA00003205
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 84 of 175 PageID #:
`4765
`
`JA00003206
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 85 of 175 PageID #:
`4766
`
`JA00003207
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 86 of 175 PageID #:
`4767
`
`JA00003208
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 87 of 175 PageID #:
`4768
`
`JA00003209
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 88 of 175 PageID #:
`4769
`
`JA00003210
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 89 of 175 PageID #:
`4770
`
`JA00003211
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 90 of 175 PageID #:
`4771
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`JA00003212
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 91 of 175 PageID #:
`4772
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`JA00003213
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 92 of 175 PageID #:
`4773
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`JA00003214
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 93 of 175 PageID #:
`4774
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`JA00003215
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 94 of 175 PageID #:
`4775
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`JA00003216
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 95 of 175 PageID #:
`4776
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`JA00003217
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 96 of 175 PageID #:
`4777
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`JA00003218
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 97 of 175 PageID #:
`4778
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`JA00003219
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 98 of 175 PageID #:
`4779
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`JA00003220
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 99 of 175 PageID #:
`4780
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`JA00003221
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 100 of 175 PageID #:
`4781
`
`JA00003222
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 101 of 175 PageID #:
`4782
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`JA00003223
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 102 of 175 PageID #:
`4783
`
`JA00003224
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 103 of 175 PageID #:
`4784
`
`JA00003225
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 104 of 175 PageID #:
`4785
`
`JA00003226
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 105 of 175 PageID #:
`4786
`
`JA00003227
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 106 of 175 PageID #:
`4787
`
`JA00003228
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 107 of 175 PageID #:
`4788
`
`JA00003229
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 108 of 175 PageID #:
`4789
`
`JA00003230
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 109 of 175 PageID #:
`4790
`
`JA00003231
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 110 of 175 PageID #:
`4791
`
`JA00003232
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 111 of 175 PageID #:
`4792
`
`JA00003233
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 112 of 175 PageID #:
`4793
`
`JA00003234
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 113 of 175 PageID #:
`4794
`
`JA00003235
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 114 of 175 PageID #:
`4795
`
`JA00003236
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 115 of 175 PageID #:
`4796
`
`JA00003237
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 116 of 175 PageID #:
`4797
`
`JA00003238
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 117 of 175 PageID #:
`4798
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`JA00003239
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 118 of 175 PageID #:
`4799
`
`JA00003240
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 119 of 175 PageID #:
`4800
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`JA00003241
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 120 of 175 PageID #:
`4801
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`JA00003242
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 121 of 175 PageID #:
`4802
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`JA00003243
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 122 of 175 PageID #:
`4803
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`JA00003244
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 123 of 175 PageID #:
`4804
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`JA00003245
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 124 of 175 PageID #:
`4805
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`JA00003246
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 125 of 175 PageID #:
`4806
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`JA00003247
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 126 of 175 PageID #:
`4807
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`JA00003248
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 127 of 175 PageID #:
`4808
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`JA00003249
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 128 of 175 PageID #:
`4809
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`JA00003250
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 129 of 175 PageID #:
`4810
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`JA00003251
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 130 of 175 PageID #:
`4811
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`JA00003252
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 131 of 175 PageID #:
`4812
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`JA00003253
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 132 of 175 PageID #:
`4813
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`JA00003254
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 133 of 175 PageID #:
`4814
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`JA00003255
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 134 of 175 PageID #:
`4815
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`JA00003256
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 135 of 175 PageID #:
`4816
`
`JA00003257
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 136 of 175 PageID #:
`4817
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`JA00003258
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 137 of 175 PageID #:
`4818
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`JA00003259
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 138 of 175 PageID #:
`4819
`
`JA00003260
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 139 of 175 PageID #:
`4820
`
`JA00003261
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 140 of 175 PageID #:
`4821
`
`JA00003262
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 141 of 175 PageID #:
`4822
`
`JA00003263
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 142 of 175 PageID #:
`4823
`
`JA00003264
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 143 of 175 PageID #:
`4824
`
`JA00003265
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 144 of 175 PageID #:
`4825
`
`JA00003266
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 145 of 175 PageID #:
`4826
`
`JA00003267
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 146 of 175 PageID #:
`4827
`
`JA00003268
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 147 of 175 PageID #:
`4828
`
`JA00003269
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 148 of 175 PageID #:
`4829
`
`JA00003270
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 149 of 175 PageID #:
`4830
`
`JA00003271
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 150 of 175 PageID #:
`4831
`
`JA00003272
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 151 of 175 PageID #:
`4832
`
`JA00003273
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 152 of 175 PageID #:
`4833
`
`JA00003274
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`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 153 of 175 PageID #:
`4834
`
`JA00003275
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 154 of 175 PageID #:
`4835
`
`JA00003276
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 155 of 175 PageID #:
`4836
`
`JA00003277
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 156 of 175 PageID #:
`4837
`
`JA00003278
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 157 of 175 PageID #:
`4838
`
`JA00003279
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 158 of 175 PageID #:
`4839
`
`JA00003280
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 159 of 175 PageID #:
`4840
`
`JA00003281
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 160 of 175 PageID #:
`4841
`
`JA00003282
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 161 of 175 PageID #:
`4842
`
`JA00003283
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 162 of 175 PageID #:
`4843
`
`JA00003284
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 163 of 175 PageID #:
`4844
`
`JA00003285
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 164 of 175 PageID #:
`4845
`
`JA00003286
`
`

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`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 165 of 175 PageID #:
`4846
`
`JA00003287
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 166 of 175 PageID #:
`4847
`
`JA00003288
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 167 of 175 PageID #:
`4848
`
`JA00003289
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 168 of 175 PageID #:
`4849
`
`JA00003290
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 169 of 175 PageID #:
`4850
`
`JA00003291
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 170 of 175 PageID #:
`4851
`
`JA00003292
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 171 of 175 PageID #:
`4852
`
`An Improved Heat-stable Glutamine-f ree Chemically
`Defined Medium for Growth of Mammalian Cells
`
`STANLEY C. NAGLE, JR. AND BRUCE L. BROWN
`Biological Sciences Laboratories, U. S . A m y Biological Defense Research
`Center, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21 701
`
`A heat-stable chemically defined medium, free of glutamine, is
`ABSTRACT
`described for the growth of mammalian cells in suspension culture. The presence
`of L-alanine in the defined medium permitted the omission of glutamine. A 22-
`fold increase in the population of a substrain of mouse L cells was obtained
`(3.4 X lo6 cells/ml) in six days with no medium replenishment during incuba-
`tion. Maximum yields (27 X 10' cells/ml) were obtained by daily medium re-
`placement and venting of cultures. Growth was also improved in a line of cat
`kidney cells and HeLa cells, and in another substrain of L cells.
`
`A heat-stable chemically defined medium
`reported earlier (Nagle, '68) was im-
`proved by increasing the choline level
`(Nagle, '69). Glutamine was a neces-
`sary component of both media, but it
`had to be separately sterilized. An auto-
`clavable medium described by Yamane et
`al. ('68) also required the separate sterili-
`zation of glutamine. The present paper de-
`scribes improvements made to the heat-
`stable medium that have allowed omission
`of glutamine and have resulted in higher
`cell yields.
`
`MATERIALS AND METHODS
`Media
`All ingredients except methylcellulose
`and sodium bicarbonate necessary for a
`total volume of 1000 ml of the chemically
`defined medium (table 1 ) were dissolved
`in 970 ml of hot distilled water. Ten milli-
`liter of x 100 vitamin solution were
`added from storage at -25°C then, 245 ml
`of the solution were dispensed into 16-02
`prescription bottles containing 125 mg of
`dry methylcellulose. The bottles were auto-
`claved 15 min at 121 "C with loosened caps.
`After cooling, the caps were tightened and
`the bottles were stored at 5°C. Prior to use,
`5 ml of sterile 5% sodium bicarbonate
`solution were added to each bottle, the caps
`were tightened to prevent loss of COZ, and
`the medium was stored at 5°C. The bicar-
`bonate solution had been sterilized by auto-
`claving in nearly filled, tightly stoppered
`
`J. CELL. PHYSIOL., 77: 259-264.
`
`50-ml serum bottles. At time of inoculation,
`an additional 0.7 ml of bicarbonate solu-
`tion was added to each 25 ml of medium
`contained in 100-ml serum bottle culture
`flasks fitted with rubber stoppers. When
`the cultures were vented, stoppers were re-
`placed with loose-fitting caps from steri-
`lized 2-oz prescription bottles and smaller
`amounts of bicarbonate (depending on cell
`population) were added to maintain a pH
`of 7.2 to 7.4. When antibiotics were used
`in experimental media, sterile solutions
`( X 100) stored at -25°C were thawed and
`added aseptically to give final concentra-
`tions of 100 pg/ml of streptomycin and
`100 units/ml of penicillin.
`Incubation and cell enumeration pro-
`cedures were presented previously (Nagle,
`'68). Three of the cell lines used, LSN ( a
`substrain of mouse L-929 cells) HeLa, and
`cat kidney (CK) cells were described previ-
`ously (Nagle, '68) and had been growing
`in suspension in chemically defined media
`for five to eight years prior to the present
`study. The LDR cell line (another substrain
`of mouse L-929 cells), supplied by W. F.
`Daniels of Fort Detrick, was described by
`Higuchi ('70) and had been growing for
`approximately one year in chemically de-
`fined media.
`
`RESULTS
`The composition of the medium devel-
`oped in these studies is given in table 1.
`Received Aug. 18, '70. Accepted Oct. 22, '70.
`
`259
`
`JA00003293
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 172 of 175 PageID #:
`4853
`260
`STANLEY C. NAGLE, JR. AND BRUCE L. BROWN
`
`TABLE 1
`Heat-stable, glutamine-free chemically defined medium
`
`Component
`
`Amino acids
`L-Alanine
`L- Arginine -HC1
`L-Asparagine
`L-Cysteine. HC1
`L-Glutamic Acid
`L-Histidine. HC1
`L-Isoleucine
`L-Leucine
`Ltysine
`L-Methionine
`L-Phenylalanine
`L-Proline
`L-Serine
`L-Threonine
`L-Tryptophan
`L-Tyrosine
`L-Valine
`Carbon sources
`Glucose
`Sodium pyruvate
`
`Conc.
`ms/L
`
`400
`100
`300
`75
`150
`60
`150
`300
`300
`60
`120
`300
`300
`135
`60
`120
`150
`
`3000
`110
`
`Salts, etc.
`NaCl
`KC1
`CaC12.2HzO
`Ferric ammonium citrate
`MgCL. 6Hz0
`NaH2P04- H20
`ZnSOl. 7Hz0
`Phenol red
`Methylcellulose, 15 cps
`NaHCOa
`Vitamins
`D-Biotin
`Choline . C1
`Folic acid
`Niacinamide
`Calcium pantothenate
`Pyridoxal- HC1
`Thiamine .HCl
`idnositol
`Riboflavin
`Biz
`1 Added aseptically as 5% solution.
`2 Added as a x 100 solution during medium preparation.
`
`Component
`
`Conc.
`~~~ mg/L
`
`~
`
`7400
`400
`265
`3
`275
`300
`0.3
`10
`500
`1000 1
`1
`50
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`0.1
`0.002
`
`TABLE 2
`Growth of LDR cells in heat-stable medium with no medium replenishment
`
`Omission from medium
`
`None (medium as table 1)
`Alanine
`Asparagine
`Glutamic acid
`Proline
`Serine
`Ala, asp, glutamate, prol, ser
`Fe
`Zn
`NaHZP04,HzO reduced to 150 mg/L
`1 Zero-day count was 0.22 x 10~/ml.
`
`Growth 1
`(No. cells x 106/ml)
`6 days
`2.90
`0.47
`2.61
`1.52
`2.13
`0.21
`0.12
`1.91
`1.69
`2.05
`
`5 days
`1.63
`0.37
`1.42
`0.95
`1.38
`0.45
`0.13
`1.43
`1.36
`1.38
`
`7 days
`2.76
`0.49
`2.48
`2.47
`2.56
`0.12
`0.12
`2.38
`2.46
`2.43
`
`The medium differs from that previously
`reported (NagIe, '69) by ( 1 ) the omission
`of glutamine, (2) the addition of L-alanine,
`L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline,
`L-serine, iron and zinc, and
`( 3 ) an
`increase in the concentrations of glucose
`and NaH2P04.H20 from 1000 mg and 100
`mg per liter respectively.
`A comparison of the effectiveness of the
`medium and the effect of the variation of
`composition on the growth of LDR cells is
`given in table 2. Alanine and serine were
`essential for LDR cells, but evidence for
`improved cell growth with asparagine and
`
`proline was equivocal. Similar results were
`obtained with LSN cells with the exception
`that serine was not essential. Asparagine
`and proline were included because many
`experiments with LSN cells demonstrated
`that these amino acids reduced the lag
`phase on transfer of cells from glutamine-
`containing to glutamine-free media. In the
`presence of asparagine and proline, a lag
`in growth of one or two days was occa-
`sionally noted when LDR cells from
`medium containing glutamine were inocu-
`lated into glutamine-free medium. Glu-
`tamic acid was stimulatory in the absence
`
`JA00003294
`
`

`

`Case 1:18-cv-01363-CFC Document 48-9 Filed 12/11/18 Page 173 of 175 PageID #:
`4854
`AUTOCLAVABLE MEDIUM FOR ANIMAL CELLS
`
`26 1
`
`TABLE 3
`Growth of various cell lines in the glutamine-free heat-stable medium
`with no medium replenishment
`- - - . . __
`Gmwth
`(No. cells x lW/ml)
`Final growth
`0 Days
`0.21
`3.08
`1.27
`0.25
`3.36
`0.15
`2.04
`0.19
`
`Days of
`incubation
`7
`7
`6
`6
`
`Cell
`
`CK
`HeLa
`LDR
`LSN
`
`Fold
`increase
`14.7
`5.1
`22.4
`10.7
`
`TABLE 4
`Grawth of cells in heat-stable medium with
`medium replenishments
`
`Cell
`
`Maximum growth
`(No. cells x lOa/ml)
`Improved
`Glutamine 1
`glutamine-free
`medium
`medium
`3.4
`28.5
`CK
`3.4
`4.0
`HeLa
`27.3
`02
`LDR
`LSN
`4.7
`10.5
`1 Data were reported previously (Nagle, '68).
`2LDR cells did not grow in this medium because
`serine is not present.
`
`of glutamine. The phosphate and glucose
`concentrations were increased to insure
`sufficient levels for higher cell populations.
`Iron and zinc were added as a result of
`studies by Thomas and Johnson ('67) and
`Higuchi ('70).
`The data in table 3 compare the growth
`of four cell lines without replenishment of
`medium. Table 4 shows the maximum
`growth obtained when media were changed
`daily and cultures were vented after popu-
`lations reached two to three million cells
`per milliliter. Data previously reported for
`cells grown in the heat-stable glutamine
`medium (Nagle, '68) are given for

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