Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 1 of 20 PageID #: 51
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 1 of 20 PageID #: 51
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`
`
`EXHIBIT B
`
`EXHIBIT B
`
`

`

`USOO7370085B2
`
`(12)
`
`United States Patent
`BrOWn et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`May 6, 2008
`
`(54) METHOD, SYSTEM, AND PROGRAM FOR
`PROVIDING USER LOCATION
`INFORMATION WITH A PERSONAL
`INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
`
`(75) Inventors: Michael Wayne Brown, Georgetown,
`TX (US); Rabindranath Dutta, Austin,
`TX (US); Michael A. Paolini, Round
`Rock, TX (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: International Business Machines
`Corporation, Armonk, NY (US)
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 861 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/848,166
`1-1.
`(22) Filed:
`May 3, 2001
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`US 20O2/O1659 10 A1
`Nov. 7, 2002
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`G06F 5/16
`(52) U.S. Cl. ................... 709/217; 709/203; 707/104.1;
`455/456.3
`(58) Field of Classification Search ................ 455/456,
`455/4.56.1,414.2, 456.3; 705/9: 600/300;
`709/207,217, 203; 715/733; 707/104.1
`See application file for complete search history.
`References Cited
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`
`(56)
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`
`5,832,489 A 1 1/1998 Kucala ........................ 707/10
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`5,890,138 A
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`Continued
`(
`)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
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`1, 1992
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`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) International Search Report, for
`International Application No. PCT/GB 02/02051, Search completed
`on May 9, 2003.
`
`(Continued)
`Primary Examiner Jungwon Chang
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—David W. Victor; Konrad
`Raynes & Victor
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Provided is a method, system, program, and data structures
`for providing user location information with a personal
`information manager program. Position coordinates of a
`wireless device associated with a user are generated, along
`with time information indicating a time when the position
`coordinates were generated. The position coordinates and
`time information are processed to determine geographic
`locations and associated time periods. For each determined
`geographical location and associated time period, the user of
`the wireless device was located at the geographical location
`for the associated time period. A request is received for
`information on the user for a selected time interval. A
`determination is then made of time periods associated with
`geographic locations that are within the selected time inter
`val. Information is then generated on the geographic loca
`tions and associated time periods that are within the selected
`time interval.
`
`23 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 2 of 20 PageID #: 52
`
`30
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Yes.
`
`Acidkocato description (of
`code thereof in user defined
`location record boocalon
`dsscription of recordi
`
`Addlocation description (or code
`therect in public location record
`tolocation cescription of racidi
`
`ty definition
`
`Stors filtered position E HEnd
`
`

`

`US 7,370,085 B2
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4/2000 Levinson ....................... 70.5/9
`6,047,260 A
`7/2000 Beckhardt et al.
`... TO5.9
`6,085,166 A
`8/2000 Conmy et al. ................. 70.5/9
`6, 101480 A
`6,154,172 A 1 1/2000 Piccionelli et al. ...... 342,357.1
`6,594,666 B1* 7/2003 Biswas et al. .............. 707/100
`6,625.457 B1 * 9/2003 Raith ............
`455/4.56.1
`6,701,143 B1* 3/2004 Dukach et al.
`455,414.2
`6,732,080 B1* 5/2004 Blants ...........
`... TO5/9
`6,847,824 B1* 1/2005 Contractor ..
`455/4.56.1
`6,925,603 B1* 8/2005 Naito et al. .
`... 715,733
`2001.0049470 A1* 12, 2001 Mault et al. ...
`... 600,300
`2002/0004734 A1
`1/2002 Nishizawa .....
`... TO5/9
`2002/007711.6 A1* 6, 2002 Havinis et al.
`455,456
`2002/0115445 A1* 8/2002 Myllymaki ....
`455,456
`2002/0120703 A1* 8, 2002 Kaufman et al. .
`... 709/2O7
`2003/0060211 A1
`3f2003 Chern et al. ................ 455,456
`
`
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`EP
`EP
`WO
`
`O637807
`0834840
`1039.397
`OO299.79
`
`T 1994
`9, 1997
`9, 2000
`5, 2000
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) International Search Report, Jan.
`29, 2003, for International Application No. PCT/GB02/02020.
`Beadle, H.W., et al. “Using Location and Environment Awareness in
`Mobile Communications.” International Conference on Informa
`tion, Communications and Signal Processing. ICICS. Singapore
`Sep. 9-12, 1997, pp. 1781-1785. New York, NY, USA, IEEE.
`Manandhar, Sanjay. “Activity Server. You Can Run but You Can't
`Hide.” Proceedings of the Summer Usenix Conference Proceedings,
`pp. 299-311, Jun. 10-14, 1991, Nashville, TN, US (1991) Berkeley,
`CA, US.
`Want, R. et al. “The Active Badge Location System.” ACM Trans
`actions on Information Systems 10 (1992), pp. 91-102, January, No.
`1, New York, US.
`Hancock, Bill. “Wireless Big Brother.” Computers and Security.
`International Journal Devoted to the Study of Technical and Finan
`cial Aspects of Computer Security, Elsevier Science Publishers, vol.
`19, No. 8, Dec. 1, 2000, pp. 667-668. Amsterdam, NL.
`Rhodes, Bradley J. “The Wearable Remembrance Agent: a System
`for Augmented Memory.” Wearable Computers, 1997. Digest of
`Papers. First International Symposium on Cambridge, MA, USA,
`pp. 123-128.
`
`U.S. Appl. No. 09/848,176, filed on May 3, 2001, entitled “Method,
`System and Program for Mining Data in a Personal Information
`Manager Database.” by MW Brown; R Dutta and MA Paolini.
`U.S. Appl. No. 09/848,173, filed on May 3, 2001, entitled “Method,
`System and Program for Providing User Location Information for a
`Personal Information Management System from Transmitting
`Devices.” by MW Brown; R. Dutta and MA Paolini.
`Mueller, Erik T., “A Calendar with Common Sense', (C) 2000 ACM,
`pp. 198-201.
`Schwartz, Ephraim, “Cellular Phone Giants to Integrate Sirfs GPS
`Technology”, Aug. 10, 1998 online). Retrieved from the Internet
`URL:
`www.infoworld.com/cgi-bin/displayStory.pl?980810.
`ehe911.htm>.
`“allNetDevices:- The Wireless Internet: Applications, Technology
`and Market Strategies', Jan. 10, 2001, pp. 1-4 online). Retrieved
`from the Internet <URL: www.allnetdevices.com/icom cgi/print/
`print.cgi?url=http://www.allnetdevices.com/wireless/opinions/
`2001...s.
`"allNetDevices:—Java 2 Micro Edition and the Mobile Information
`Device Profile'. Feb. 16, 2001, pp. 1-7 online). Retrieved from the
`Internet <URL: www.allnetdevices.com/icom cgi/print/print.
`cgi?url=http://www.allnetdevices.com/developer/tutorials/2001.>.
`Software Patent Institute Database of Software Technologies,
`Record Display, Record 4, Serial No. TDB1192.0038. Retrieved
`from
`the
`Internet
`URL:
`http://m. Spi.org/cgi-bin/
`newqry?ISA=Hit.000&rec=4&submit=seeit
`&csum=1725640 1631 >, 2000.
`Software Patent Institute Database of Software Technologies,
`Record Display, Record 6, Serial No. TDB1192.0045. Retrieved
`from
`the
`Internet
`URL:
`http://m. Spi.org/cgi-bin/
`newqry?ISA=Hit.000&rec=4&submit=seeit
`&csum=1795.0330939 >, 2000.
`"allNet Devices:—Wearable Transmeta Device Planned', Nov. 14,
`2000 online. Retrieved from the Internet <URL: www.
`allnetdevices.com/icom cgi/print/print.cgi?url=http://www.
`allnetdevices.com/wireless/news/2001.>.
`“allNet Devices:—Any Content. Any Device, Anyplace', Feb. 16.
`2001 online. Retrieved from the Internet <URL: www.
`allnetdevices.com/icom cgi/print/print.cgi?url=http://www.
`allnetdevices.com/wireless/news/2001.>.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 3 of 20 PageID #: 53
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 1 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`Wireless Device
`18
`
`14
`
`O
`
`Display
`
`PIM
`
`Input
`
`F.G. 1
`
`
`
`
`
`O
`
`Communication
`TOWer
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 4 of 20 PageID #: 54
`
`
`
`
`
`Server
`
`22
`
`A
`
`PIM
`Database
`
`PM Server
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 2 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`FIG 2
`
`
`
`PM Database
`
`User ReCOrds
`
`Scheduled Event
`ReCOrds
`
`Measured Position
`Records
`
`User Defined
`Location Records
`
`Filtered Position
`Records
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 5 of 20 PageID #: 55
`
`Public Location
`ReCOrds
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 3 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`
`
`52
`
`t
`
`FIG. 3a
`
`
`
`
`
`Scheduled Event
`Description
`
`POSition
`COOrdinate
`(x, y, Z)
`
`LOCation
`Description
`
`56 Or 58
`
`
`
`94.
`
`FIG. 3C
`
`Geographic
`Boundary
`
`Location
`Description
`
`LOCation ReCOrd
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 6 of 20 PageID #: 56
`
`Geographic Location/
`Date Range Time Range Location
`Activity
`(x, y, z)
`Description
`
`Filtered POSition ReCOrd
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
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`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 7 of 20 PageID #: 57
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 5 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`Receive geographic boundary
`coordinates and location description
`from location transmitter.
`
`FIG. 5
`
`250
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Does received
`56sition coordinate (x,y,z) fall with
`any predefined geographic
`boundary ?
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Generate data for measured position record,
`including date, time, received x, y, z position
`Coordinate, and location description associated
`with predetermined geographic boundary.
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 8 of 20 PageID #: 58
`
`
`
`
`
`Send data gathered for measured
`position record to server.
`
`
`
`Generate data for measured position
`record, including date, time, and
`received x, y, z position coordinate.
`
`user entered any
`Qcation description fo
`ocation?
`
`64
`
`Add user specified location
`description to data for
`measured position record.
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 6 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`
`
`Does
`record i include location
`description?
`
`FIG. 6
`
`position coordinate in
`record i within geographic boundary of
`any user defined location
`
`
`
`Yes
`
`Add location description (or
`code thereof) in user defined
`location record to location
`description of record i.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Yes
`
`
`
`No
`
`312
`
`
`
`position coordinate in
`record i within geographic boundary
`of any public location
`
`Yes
`
`Add location description (or code
`thereof) in public location record
`to location description of record i.
`
`No
`
`14
`
`Go to next position
`record for user.
`
`316
`
`Scan from first user position record
`to determine ranges of consecutive
`records having same location
`description spanning a time period
`exceeding minimum time period.
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 9 of 20 PageID #: 59
`
`18
`
`For position records not consolidated into fitter
`position records, apply activity algorithms to
`determine if ranges of consecutive position
`records fall within an activity definition.
`
`320
`
`22
`
`For each determined range of records determined to
`Comprise a defined activity, generate a filtered position
`record having date range and time range from date and
`time of first to last position records in range and
`determined activity definition.
`
`
`
`For each determined range of records,
`generate a filtered position record having
`date range and time range from date and
`time of first to last position records in
`range and location description common
`to records in the range.
`
`24
`
`Store filtered position
`records in user records.
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 7 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`Receive request for calendar
`information for a specified time
`interval for a user
`
`FIG. 7
`
`Query database to find filtered position
`records for user having time range
`within specified time interval.
`
`354
`
`Query scheduled event records to find
`scheduled event records having time
`range within specified time interval.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`For each calendar time period within specified
`time interval, generate information on located
`filtered position and scheduled event records that
`fall within the time period.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ls browser a
`ML browser2
`
`Generate one or more WML pages
`including presentation of generated
`information for calendar time periods
`within specified time interval.
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 10 of 20 PageID #: 60
`
`Generate one or more HTML pages
`including presentation of generated
`information for calendar time periods
`within specified time interval.
`
`Transmit generated web
`pages to browser
`requesting pages.
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 8 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`FIG. 8
`
`
`
`Scheduled Event
`
`Arrive at Work
`
`Work at desk
`
`Lunch at Dennys
`
`Meeting wif office
`team
`
`88.888&888
`
`Actual Activity
`
`In meeting room
`
`in office
`
`March 2001
`T W
`2 3 4 5
`9 10 11 12
`16 17 18. 19
`23 24 25 28
`30
`29
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 11 of 20 PageID #: 61
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 6, 2008
`
`Sheet 9 of 9
`
`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`F G 9 a
`
`8& XXX:
`
`888&: .
`
`Ess' sists."
`April 2001
`
`8
`
`888&s:
`&& 3. .
`.
`
`
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 12 of 20 PageID #: 62
`
`SSSSS 8 :
`8:8883.38.8 x : " :
`38&
`3888
`S
`&:
`... 88& :
`
`

`

`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`1.
`METHOD, SYSTEM, AND PROGRAM FOR
`PROVIDING USER LOCATION
`INFORMATION WITH A PERSONAL
`INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application is related to the following and com
`monly-assigned patent applications filed on the same date
`10
`herewith, and which are incorporated herein by reference in
`their entirety:
`“Method, System, and Program for Mining Data in A
`Personal Information Manager Database', having U.S.
`application Ser. No. 09/848,176, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,751,
`626; and
`“Method, System, and Program for Providing User Loca
`tion Information for a Personal Information Management
`System from Transmitting Devices', having U.S. applica
`tion Ser. No. 09/848,173, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,873,851.
`
`15
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`2
`users, except the Submarket of frequent business travelers,
`may not be motivated to purchase wireless devices for uses
`other than as a mobile telephone and limited PIM, e.g.,
`address book, calendar, to do list, etc.
`Thus, there is a need in the art for an application that
`would more fully exploit wireless computing technology to
`extend the utility beyond that of a portable telephone and
`limited PIM.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENTS
`
`Provided is a method, system, program, and data struc
`tures for providing user location information with a personal
`information manager program. Position coordinates of a
`wireless device associated with a user are generated, along
`with time information indicating a time when the position
`coordinates were generated. The position coordinates and
`time information are processed to determine geographic
`locations and associated time periods. For each determined
`geographical location and associated time period, the user of
`the wireless device was located at the geographical location
`for the associated time period. A request is received for
`information on the user for a selected time interval. A
`determination is then made of time periods associated with
`geographic locations that are within the selected time inter
`val. Information is then generated on the geographic loca
`tions and associated time periods that are within the selected
`time interval.
`In further implementations, a plurality of geographic
`boundaries are provided that define multiple geographic
`coordinates. For each geographic boundary, a location
`description is provided including information describing the
`geographical boundary. For each generated position coordi
`nate, a determination is made as to whether the position
`coordinate is included in one of the provided geographic
`boundaries. At least one determined geographic location
`comprises one predefined geographic boundary including
`position coordinates. The information generated on the at
`least one geographic location includes the location descrip
`tion for the predefined geographic boundary comprising the
`geographic location.
`Still further, position coordinates and time information
`may be generated by multiple wireless devices, wherein
`each wireless device is associated with one user. In Such
`case, position coordinates and time information are received
`from multiple wireless devices and stored in a database with
`information associating each position coordinate and time
`information with one user.
`Additionally, the position coordinates and time informa
`tion may be processed to determine whether a change in a
`series of position coordinates indicates a predefined activity
`occurring during an activity time period during which the
`position coordinates were generated. In such case, determi
`nation is made of activity time periods that are within the
`selected time interval and information is generated on the
`predefined activities for activity time periods within the
`selected time interval.
`The described implementation provides a technique for
`using a wireless device to gather position coordinates of the
`user of the wireless device and other information that may
`be processed to determine the geographical locations where
`the user was located for various time periods. The informa
`tion may then be provided for specific time intervals to allow
`a review of the user location and activity within time
`intervals, along with other user information, such as user
`calendar information, scheduled events, etc. The described
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates to a method, system, and
`program for providing user location information with a
`personal information management program
`2. Description of the Related Art
`Portable computing devices, such as hand held computers,
`cellular phones, palm devices, etc., have become increas
`ingly popular in recent years. The technology has advanced
`to such a degree that now people can access the Internet
`through wireless technology, Such as a cellular phone or
`personal digital assistant (PDA), and review content espe
`cially tailored for a small portable device. The term PDA, as
`used herein, refers to any wireless, portable, and Small hand
`held computer device. Such as a palm computer, cellular
`phone, wearable computers, etc. Some of the most popular
`mobile applications for such wireless devices have included
`personal information managers (PIMs), entertainment pro
`grams, financial services, and mobile commerce.
`One of the recent technological developments for mobile
`Internet access is the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP),
`which allows mobile devices to use data services and access
`the Internet. WAP provides a client/server architecture. A
`45
`WAP enabled client, such as a cell phone or palm computer,
`can use micro browsers which are designed to operate within
`the Small display screen of mobile devices and use less
`memory than a desktop browser. Content for mobile WAP
`enabled devices may be written in the Wireless Markup
`50
`Language (WML), which provides a tagged mark-up lan
`guage similar to the hypertext markup language (HTML).
`but designed specifically to function in a small-screen envi
`ronment. Many content providers are providing WAP pages
`to enable access to the large base of mobile phone and PDA
`55
`USCS.
`Notwithstanding, recent developments in wireless com
`puting. Such as more advanced PIMs, Internet browsing and
`e-commerce features, only provide users with a significantly
`limited version of the programs and functions that are
`available at a desktop computer. For instance, a desktop PIM
`or calendar program provides a Substantially more robust
`display presentation and range of program functionality than
`is available for mobile wireless device PIM applications.
`The same is true for Internet browsing. Given the substantial
`advantages of desktop PIM and Internet access programs
`over those available for mobile devices, most computer
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`60
`
`65
`
`Case 1:20-cv-01673-UNA Document 1-2 Filed 12/09/20 Page 13 of 20 PageID #: 63
`
`

`

`US 7,370,085 B2
`
`3
`implementations provide a tool to allow people to review
`their actual activity and movement and compare with
`planned goals or scheduled events. Such information will
`enable people and organizations to more optimally allocate
`their time to accomplish both personal and business goals.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`Referring now to the drawings in which like reference
`numbers represents corresponding parts throughout:
`FIG. 1 illustrates a telecommunication environment in
`which aspects of the invention are implemented;
`FIG. 2 illustrates components of a PIM database in
`accordance with implementations of the present invention;
`FIGS. 3a, b, c, d illustrate data structures used in accor
`dance with implementations of the present invention;
`FIG. 4 illustrates further details of the telecommunication
`environment in which aspects of the invention are imple
`mented;
`FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate flowcharts of code logic to
`gather, process, and use location information in accordance
`with implementations of the present invention; and
`FIGS. 8, 9a, and 9b illustrate examples of a display of user
`calendar and generated location information in accordance
`with implementations of the present invention
`
`10
`
`15
`
`25
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
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`Observed Time Differential (E-OTD), Time Of Arrival
`(TOA), the CellPoint positioning system, the Ericsson
`Mobile Positioning System, etc.** In fact the United States
`Federal Communication Commission (FCC) mandated that
`cellular phone manufacturers incorporate technology to
`allow the location of the wireless device 2 to be determined.
`Any reference to the locator 14 refers to the locator tech
`nology used within the wireless device 2 that enables a
`position determination. For instance, if the locator 14 com
`prises a GPS receiver, then the locator 14 itself may deter
`mine the actual position coordinate. Alternatively, the loca
`tor 14 may provide information to an external component to
`enable the external component to determine the position
`coordinate of the wireless device 2.
`The wireless device 2 further includes an input mecha
`nism 16 for entering any type of data, including text, voice
`data, audio, images, movies, etc. The input mechanism 16
`may include any known data input system known in the art,
`including a keyboard embedded in the device 2 with
`depressable keys, a touch sensitive displayed keyboard, a
`microphone for providing audio input, Voice recognition
`Software, still image camera, video recorder, pen-stylus text
`input system including handwriting recognition software,
`etc. Data entered by the user through the input mechanism
`16 or downloaded from the server 4 can be rendered in
`display 18, which may comprise any electronic display
`device known in the art. A Personal Information Manager
`(PIM) client 20 gathers and presents PIM information, such
`as calendering and scheduling information, in accordance
`with the described implementations. The term “PIM’ as
`used herein refers to a program designed to allow users to
`organize random bits of information in a useful format. The
`PIM program may enable calendar or scheduler operations.
`A calendar program enables one or more users to record and
`organize events and appointments. A scheduler program
`enables a group of colleagues to schedule meetings and
`other appointments, and share schedule and calendar infor
`mation. Further, the PIM may be intended for use by a single
`individual for personal information or for use by a company
`or organization to provide information related to that per
`Sons involvement with the company or organization. The use
`of the term PIM or PIM program herein refers to any
`program that includes some or all of the above described
`calendar or scheduler functions, or any other functions those
`skilled in the art associate with PIMs.
`The server 4 includes a PIM database 22 maintaining user
`PIM information and a PIM server 24 for gathering and
`filtering data from wireless devices 2 for the users of the
`system. The PIM database 22 may be implemented using
`any database technology known in the art, e.g., relational
`database, object oriented database, etc. Although FIG. 1 only
`shows one wireless devices 2, the server 4 and PIM database
`22 may maintain data for multiple wireless devices 2 and
`USCS.
`In the described implementations, the PIM client 20
`gathers position coordinates for the PIM server 24. The PIM
`server 24 then uses the position coordinates to Supplement
`the user calendar records with information on what the user
`actually did for time periods within a day. The user could
`then view this enhanced calender including listings of Sched
`uled appointments as well as information describing the
`actual location and activities of the user and descriptions
`thereof The term “location' and “geographic location” as
`used herein refer to any location that may be mapped and
`ascertained Such location or geographic location may be any
`location on the surface of the earth or the earth's atmo
`sphere, or outer space, that can be expressed as a position
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`In the following description, reference is made to the
`accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and
`which illustrate several embodiments of the present inven
`tion. It is understood that other embodiments may be utilized
`and structural and operational changes may be made without
`departing from the scope of the present invention.
`FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless computing environment in
`which embodiments of the invention are implemented. A
`wireless device 2. Such as a telephony device, e.g., cellular
`phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), hand held computer,
`palm computer, etc., communicates with a server 4 via a
`communication tower 6, gateway server 8, and network 10.
`The server 4 may comprise one or more server class
`machines known in the art. The wireless device 2 includes
`a communication layer 12 which converts digital data into a
`signal that is transmitted to the communication tower 6 in a
`manner known in the art. The gateway server 8 converts the
`signals back into digital data to transmit via network 10 to
`the server 4. The network 10 may comprise any collection of
`devices, routers, etc. used to transmit data to a centralized
`server 4 providing data management for the wireless device
`2 operations. The communication tower 6 and communica
`tion layer 12 may implement any known wireless transmis
`sion technology known in the ark Such as 3G, Code-Division
`Multiple Access (CDMA), Global System for Mobile Com
`munications (GSM), satellite, Bluetooth, etc.**
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`The wireless device 2 further includes locator technology
`14 that provides a current position coordinate of the wireless
`device 2 in three dimensional space (x, y, z) on the Surface
`of the earth and the time the position coordinate was
`generated. The locator 14 may comprise a global position
`satellite (GPS) receiver that is capable of calculating a
`current position based upon signals sent from satellites in a
`manner known in the art. Alternatively, the location of the
`wireless device 2 can be estimated externally from the
`wireless device by measuring the transmissions from the
`wireless device 2 using any known location positioning
`technology in a manner known in the art, Such as Enhanced
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`US 7,370,085 B2
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`coordinate in space. The term “location' or “geographic
`location” may refer to a specific position coordinate in
`space, e.g., an X, Y, Z coordinate, or a boundary or area of
`coordinates. Additionally, the location may be expressed as
`a vector. The term “position coordinate” as used herein
`refers to any of a set of numbers used in specifying the
`location of a point in space, or any one of a set of variables
`used in specifying the state or motion of an entity, such as
`a wireless unit or person, associated with the position
`coordinate.
`The PIM server 24 includes the program logic that
`responds to data requests from PIM clients 20, accesses the
`PIM database 22 to perform database operations, and per
`forms other data management operations related to manag
`ing the PIM database 22. The PIM server 24 may include a
`database management system (DBMS) known in the art or
`include an interface to access a DBMS program in a manner
`known in the art to perform operations with respect to the
`PIM database 22. The PIM server 24 may implement any
`database programming techniques for performing operations
`in the PIM database 22. For instance, the PIM server 24 may
`implement separate application programs for performing
`database operations or implement database stored proce
`dures to perform database operations. The PIM client 20
`includes those program components that gather coordinate
`and location information as described herein, communicates
`with the PIM server 24, and renders calendering information
`at the wireless device 2.
`FIG. 2 illustrates the data components of the PIM data
`base 22 maintained by the server 4. The PIM database 22
`includes a plurality of user records 50 for each user of a
`wireless device 2 participating in the wireless computing
`environment described herein. Each user record 50 includes
`one or more user scheduled event records 52, measured
`position records 54, and location records 56 and 58. From
`the measured position records 54, the PIM server 24 gen
`erates filtered position records 60 that provide information
`on user geographic location and activity for time periods,
`Such as information for a period of fifteen minutes, twenty
`minutes, one hour, etc.
`FIG. 3a illustrates fields in a user scheduled event record
`52, including a date 70, time period 72 indicating a time
`range of the event, and a scheduled event description 74
`providing information on the nature of the scheduled event.
`Through the client PIM 20 software, a user could use the
`input mechanism 16 to schedule a calendar event and create
`a scheduled event record 52. Additionally, the user could
`enter scheduled events from a desktop computer (not shown)
`that communicates with the server 4 via a network Such as
`the Internet. The scheduled events may be shown in a
`calendar rendered on the display 18. Additionally, the sched
`uled events may be shown in a calendar rendered on another
`computer capable of accessing the server user records 50 in
`the server 4. Such as a desktop computer communicating
`with the server 4 over the Internet.
`FIG. 3b illustrates fields in a measured positioned record
`54 for a user, including a date 80 and time 82 the position
`was measured, a position coordinate 84 expressed as a
`unique three dimensional x, y, Z geographic coordinate on
`the surface of the earth, and a location description 86
`providing descriptive information on the location. In the
`described implementations, the PIM client 20 periodically
`generates a measured position record 54 by obtaining the
`measured position coordinate (x, y, z) and the current time
`from the locator 14 (which may, in certain implementation
`interact with external components to provide the location
`and position coordinate). The location description 86 may be
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`obtained locally at the wireless device 2 or determined
`subsequently by the server 4 as described in the following
`implementations.
`FIG.3c illustrates the fields maintained in the user defined
`56 and public 58 location records. An access level field 90
`indicates which users can be allowed to use the location
`record 56 or 58 to determine information about a location.
`The public location record 58 has public level access such
`that the PIM server 24 can consider a public location record