`Case 1:20-cv-03805—RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 1 of 27
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`Exhibit 2
`Exhibit 2
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 2 of 27
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`US Patent No. 7,137,140 v. Ravelin
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`Claim
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`[25.1] A method of
`operating a network
`system comprising a
`first computer
`arrangement and a
`second computer
`arrangement
`connected by a
`computer network,
`wherein:
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`Analysis
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`Ravelin performs and induces other to perform a method of operating a network system comprising a first
`computer arrangement and a second computer arrangement connected by a computer network.
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`For example, Ravelin provides APIs (Application Program Interface) for merchants and PSPs (Payment Service
`Providers) to identify and reduce risks to online businesses. Ravelin utilizes signals from a user’s computing
`device such as PC, laptop and/or mobile devices (“first computer arrangement”) to prevent fraud on online
`commerce and/or PSPs. The user’s computing device is connected to the merchant and/or PSPs’ server and
`Ravelin’s server (“second computer arrangement”) by a computer network.
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`1
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 3 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 4 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 5 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 6 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/merchants
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 7 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/merchants
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 8 of 27
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`[25.2] the first
`computer arrangement
`requests data be
`transferred from the
`second computer
`arrangement to the
`first computer
`arrangement;
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/apis/
`Ravelin performs and induces others to perform the step of the first computer arrangement requests data be
`transferred from the second computer arrangement to the first computer arrangement.
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`For example, when a user tries to buy goods or services (“data”) from a merchant and/or PSPs website, which
`uses the Ravelin’s APIs (such as Core V2 API Reference, Travel API Reference, Account Takeover API,
`Voucher Abuse API Reference, Connect API Reference, and/or Lookup API Reference), on a computer, laptop
`or any other computing device, the computing device requests for the data to be transferred from merchant
`and/or PSPs’ server to the user’s computing device.
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 9 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/merchants
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 10 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/apis/
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`Ravelin performs and induces others to perform the step in response to the request, the second computer
`arrangement transmits executable fingerprint software from the second computer arrangement to the first
`computer arrangement.
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`For example, in response to the request, the merchant and/or PSPs’ server transmits a java script such as
`ravelin.js and fingerprint.js (“executable fingerprint software”), which contains device fingerprinting,
`identification and session-tracking library, to the user’s computing device.
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`[25.3] in response to
`the request, the second
`computer arrangement
`transmits executable
`fingerprint software
`from the second
`computer arrangement
`to the first computer
`arrangement;
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 11 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/overview/#device-fingerprinting
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 12 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/overview/#device-fingerprinting
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 13 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/ravelinjs/reference/
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 14 of 27
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`[25.4] the first
`computer arrangement
`executes the
`executable fingerprint
`software by reading
`and performing the
`plurality of
`instructions and
`thereby creates
`fingerprint data that is
`substantially unique to
`the first computer
`arrangement and
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`Source: https://fingerprintjs.com/
`Ravelin performs and induces others to perform the step of the first computer arrangement executes the
`executable fingerprint software by reading and performing the plurality of instructions and thereby creates
`fingerprint data that is substantially unique to the first computer arrangement and transmits the fingerprint data
`to the second computer arrangement.
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`For example, the user’s computing device executes the java script (such as ravelin.js and fingerprint.js) to
`generate a substantially unique fingerprint data (such as device parameters and/or browser features) for each
`device. The fingerprint data is sent to the Ravelin’s server.
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 15 of 27
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`transmits the
`fingerprint data to the
`second computer
`arrangement,
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/overview/#device-fingerprinting
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 16 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/overview/#device-fingerprinting
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 17 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/ravelinjs/reference/
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 18 of 27
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`Source: https://github.com/unravelin/ravelinjs/blob/master/ravelin.js
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 19 of 27
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`[25.5] the second
`computer arrangement
`receives the
`fingerprint data from
`the first computer
`arrangement; and
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`Source: https://fingerprintjs.com/
`Ravelin performs and induces others to perform the step of the second computer arrangement receives the
`fingerprint data from the first computer arrangement.
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`For example, the fingerprint data is received at the Ravelin’s server from the user’s computing device.
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 20 of 27
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`Source: https://github.com/unravelin/ravelinjs/blob/master/ravelin.js
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 21 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/merchants
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 22 of 27
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`[25.6] in response to
`receiving the
`fingerprint data, the
`second computer
`arrangement transmits
`the requested data
`from the second
`computer arrangement
`to the first computer
`arrangement.
`
`Ravelin performs and induces others to perform the step in response to receiving the fingerprint data, the second
`computer arrangement transmits the requested data from the second computer arrangement to the first computer
`arrangement.
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`For example, in response to receiving the fingerprint data at Ravelin’s server via an API, the fingerprint data
`runs through Machine Learning models and returns a score to indicate the probability that a customer is fraudster
`or not. Ravelin then returns a recommendation to allow, prevent or review the customer to the merchant and/or
`PSPs’ server via the API. Once the customer is allowed, the requested data is sent from the merchant and/or
`PSPs’ server to the user’s computing device.
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 23 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/merchants
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 24 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/overview/#device-fingerprinting
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 25 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/overview/#device-fingerprinting
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 26 of 27
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`Source: https://developer.ravelin.com/libraries-and-sdks/ravelinjs/reference/
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`25
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`Case 1:20-cv-03805-RA Document 1-2 Filed 05/15/20 Page 27 of 27
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`Source: https://www.ravelin.com/merchants
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