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`Case 1:21—cv-01319 Document 1-2 Filed 02/15/21 Page 1 of 11
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`Exhibit 2
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`Case 1:21-cv-01319 Document 1-2 Filed 02/15/21 Page 2 of 11
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`USOO956941.4B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Lai et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 9,569.414 B2
`*Feb. 14, 2017
`
`(54) METHOD, FRAMEWORK, AND PROGRAM
`PRODUCT FOR FORMATTING AND
`SERVING WEB CONTENT
`
`(71) Applicant: International Business Machines
`Corporation, Armonk, NY (US)
`(72) Inventors: Jennifer Lai, Garrison, NY (US);
`Zhiqiang Liu, Duluth, GA (US); Brian
`J. McDonald, Minneapolis, MN (US);
`Laurie Miller, Lyons, CO (US); Yael
`Ravin, Mount Kisco, NY (US); Karen
`A. Ughetta, Salem, VA (US)
`(73) Assignee: International Business Machines
`Corporation, Armonk, NY (US)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`This patent is Subject to a terminal dis
`claimer.
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 14/602,460
`(22) Filed:
`Jan. 22, 2015
`(65)
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2015/O134736A1
`May 14, 2015
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(60) Continuation of application No. 13/571,003, filed on
`Aug. 9, 2012, now Pat. No. 8,972,932, which is a
`(Continued)
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`G06F 9/44
`G06F 7/22
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(Continued)
`
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`CPC ......... G06F 17/2247 (2013.01); G06F 9/4443
`(2013.01); G06F 9/45529 (2013.01); H04L
`67/42 (2013.01)
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`CPC G06F 17/2247; G06F 9/4443; G06F 9/45529;
`G06F 8/33; G06F 8/71; G06F 8/38
`(Continued)
`References Cited
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`(56)
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`6,189,137 B1
`6,620,204 B1
`
`2/2001 Hoffman
`9, 2003 Malcolm
`(Continued)
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Pham, Office Action Communication for U.S. Appl. No. 11/835,768
`dated Mar. 13, 2012, 18 pages.
`(Continued)
`Primary Examiner — Anna Deng
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Maeve McCarthy;
`Hoffman Warnick LLC
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`The present invention provides an approach and correspond
`ing framework that separates data from its formatting/view
`by generating the dynamic JavaScript (data) as a set (e.g., at
`least one) of JavaScript (data) objects, without any HTML
`formatting. Then, a set of JavaScript functions can be
`created that takes the set of JavaScript objects as a param
`eter, and outputs all or a Subset of this data object in a format
`determined by this JavaScript function. In general, these
`formatting functions can be static, rather than dynamic,
`JavaScript. This approach has the advantage of providing a
`much greater degree of formatting flexibility, without the
`need for each new format to establish a connection with the
`back-end system providing the data.
`5 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets
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`DATA CONGLOMERATION
`APPLICATIONSERVER
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`4-O-
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`CONFIGRATION
`USERINTERFACE
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`ONLINESTATUS
`(SAMETIMESTATUS)
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`SERVICES
`REGISTRATION
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`DC
`CONFIGURATION
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`22
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`24
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`DC
`SERVICES
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`SOURCE
`MANAGER
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`Case 1:21-cv-01319 Document 1-2 Filed 02/15/21 Page 3 of 11
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`US 9,569.414 B2
`Page 2
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`(51)
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`(58)
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`(56)
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`division of application No. 1 1/835,768, filed on Aug.
`8, 2007, now Pat. No. 8,316,348.
`
`Int. C.
`(2006.01)
`G06F 9/455
`(2006.01)
`H04L 29/06
`Field of Classification Search
`USPC .......................................................... 717/110
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`6,701,514 B1
`6,865,593 B1
`7,171,670 B2
`7,376,653 B2
`7.406,498 B2
`7,680,883 B2
`
`3, 2004
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`Haswell et al.
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`Reshef et al.
`Reshef et al.
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`8/2011 LeRoy et al.
`8,001,551 B2
`2002/0154172 A1 10/2002 Linsey et al.
`2003/0172197 A1
`9, 2003 Dencker et al.
`2005/0262037 A1 11/2005 Christensen et al.
`2005/0262070 A1* 11/2005 Christensen ...... GO6F 17,308.93
`2006, OO15842 A1
`1/2006 DeSantis
`2007/0174486 A1
`7/2007 Holstege
`2007,0266176 A1* 11/2007 Wu ..................... GO6F 17,2247
`TO9,242
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`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Pham. Notice of Allowance and Fee(s) Due for U.S. Appl. No.
`11/835,768 dated Jul. 13, 2012, 16 pages.
`Deng. Non-Final Rejection for U.S. Appl. No. 13/571,003 dated
`Apr. 7, 2014, 14 pages.
`Deng, Final Rejection for U.S. Appl. No. 13/571,003 dated Aug. 5,
`2014, 13 pages.
`Deng. Notice of Allowance and Fee(s) Due for U.S. Appl. No.
`13/571,003 dated Oct. 22, 2014, 10 pages.
`* cited by examiner
`
`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Feb. 14, 2017
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`Feb. 14, 2017
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`Case 1:21-cv-01319 Document 1-2 Filed 02/15/21 Page 7 of 11
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`US 9,569,414 B2
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`1.
`METHOD, FRAMEWORK, AND PROGRAM
`PRODUCT FOR FORMATTING AND
`SERVING WEB CONTENT
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention generally relates to formatting and
`serving of web content. Specifically, the present invention
`relates to the conglomeration, management and control of
`dynamic web content.
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`10
`
`2
`possibility of the dynamically generated set of JavaScript
`objects to be obtained from one server while the set of
`JavaScript functions used for formatting be obtained from an
`entirely different server. In a typical embodiment, the set of
`JavaScript functions are written in a way that is compatible
`with the format of the dynamically generated set of
`JavaScript objects being passed as a parameter. As the data
`format changes, the HTML formatting JavaScript function
`can change too.
`A first aspect of the present invention provides a method
`for formatting and serving web content, comprising: pro
`viding a set of JavaScript objects that represents dynamic
`JavaScript data; providing a set of JavaScript functions to
`format the set of JavaScript objects, the set of JavaScript
`objects being distinct from the set of JavaScript functions:
`and formatting the set of JavaScript objects using the set of
`JavaScript functions.
`A second aspect of the present invention provides a
`framework for formatting and serving web content, com
`prising: a data conglomeration engine for receiving and
`processing data conglomeration requests, and for serving
`requested data conglomeration services; a services registra
`tion database for storing data conglomeration service meta
`data; a data conglomeration services module for maintaining
`a set of data conglomeration services, the data conglomera
`tion services module interfacing with the data conglomera
`tion engine via a data conglomeration services interface; a
`data conglomeration configuration repository for storing
`data conglomeration engine configurations and data con
`glomeration service configurations; and a source manager
`for interfacing with static and dynamic data sources that are
`accessed in response to the data conglomeration requests.
`A third aspect of the present invention provides a program
`product stored on a computer readable medium for format
`ting and serving web content, the computer readable
`medium comprising program code for causing a computer
`system to: receive and process a data conglomeration
`request into a data conglomeration service call; obtain data
`in response to the data conglomeration service call; utilize a
`set of JavaScript objects to represent the data as JavaScript
`data; format the set of JavaScript objects using a set of
`JavaScript functions; and serve formatted JavaScript objects
`as web content to a caller issuing the data conglomeration
`request.
`A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a
`method for deploying a system for formatting and serving
`web content, comprising: providing a computer infrastruc
`ture being operable to: receive and process a data conglom
`eration request into a data conglomeration service call;
`obtain data in response to the data conglomeration service
`call; utilize a set of JavaScript objects to represent the data
`as JavaScript data; format the set of JavaScript objects using
`a set of JavaScript functions; and serve formatted JavaScript
`objects as web content to a caller issuing the data conglom
`eration request.
`A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a com
`puter-implemented business method for formatting and serv
`ing web content, comprising: receiving and processing a
`data conglomeration request into a data conglomeration
`service call; obtaining data in response to the data conglom
`eration service call; utilizing a set of JavaScript objects to
`represent the data as JavaScript data; formatting the set of
`JavaScript objects using a set of JavaScript functions; and
`serving formatted JavaScript objects as web content to a
`caller issuing the data conglomeration request.
`A sixth aspect of the present invention provides computer
`Software embodied in a propagated signal for formatting and
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`The use of a JavaScript library that contains dynamically
`generated content is a relatively new approach to embedding
`content on a web page. This approach has many labels,
`including JavaScript syndication and web content syndica
`tion. It also has several advantages. For example, because
`this approach requires no back-end integration, a web page
`developer simply embeds a URL to a JavaScript library and
`the dynamic content is added. This significantly reduces the
`complexities required to integrate third party content into a
`page. Because there is no back-end integration, there is no
`need to worry about software compatibility between the
`server generating the web page and the server generating the
`JavaScript library to embed the content. Also, there is no
`need for the web page developer to access an API to
`integrate the embedded content into the web page. The
`integration occurs when the page is rendered by the browser,
`not when the HTML is being generated on the web server.
`Typically, the dynamically generated JavaScript library
`provides a function to embed its content of this library
`directly on the web page. Optionally, CSS (or similar
`technology) is used to adjust the look and feel of the
`content to more closely match that of the included page. A
`35
`disadvantage of this approach is that if the formatting
`provided by the JavaScript library does not provide the
`formatting desired for the including page, then a new
`dynamically generated JavaScript library must be created.
`This additional JavaScript library passes the same or similar
`content as the first JavaScript library, but formats the output
`in a different way. As more variations of this dynamically
`generated JavaScript library are created for various formats,
`maintaining updates across all variations can become diffi
`cult to maintain. Also, every additional dynamically gener
`ated JavaScript library must interface with whatever back
`end system is providing the data.
`In view of the foregoing, there exists a need for an
`approach that solves at least one of the deficiencies in the
`related art.
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`40
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`50
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`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`In general, the present invention provides an approach
`and corresponding framework that separates data from its
`formatting/view by generating the dynamic JavaScript
`(data) as a set (e.g., at least one) of JavaScript (data) objects,
`without any HTML formatting. Then, a set of JavaScript
`functions can be created that takes the set of JavaScript
`objects as a parameter, and outputs all, or a Subset, of this
`data object in a format determined by this JavaScript func
`tion. In general, these formatting functions can be static,
`rather than dynamic, JavaScript. This approach has the
`advantage of providing a much greater degree of formatting
`flexibility, without the need for each new format to establish
`a connection with the back-end system providing the data.
`This separation of data and format also allows for the
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`Case 1:21-cv-01319 Document 1-2 Filed 02/15/21 Page 8 of 11
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`US 9,569,414 B2
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`3
`serving web content, the computer Software comprising
`instructions for causing a computer system to: receive and
`process a data conglomeration request into a data conglom
`eration service call; obtain data in response to the data
`conglomeration service call; utilize a set of JavaScript
`objects to represent the data as JavaScript data; format the
`set of JavaScript objects using a set of JavaScript functions;
`and serve formatted JavaScript objects as web content to a
`caller issuing the data conglomeration request.
`A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a data
`processing system for formatting and serving web content,
`comprising a memory medium having instructions, a bus
`coupled to the memory medium, and a processor coupled to
`the bus that when executing the instructions cause the data
`processing system to: receive and process a data conglom
`eration request into a data conglomeration service call;
`obtain data in response to the data conglomeration service
`call; utilize a set of JavaScript objects to represent the data
`as JavaScript data; format the set of JavaScript objects using
`a set of JavaScript functions; and serve formatted JavaScript
`objects as web content to a caller issuing the data conglom
`eration request.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`These and other features of this invention will be more
`readily understood from the following detailed description
`of the various aspects of the invention taken in conjunction
`with the accompanying drawings in which:
`FIG. 1 depicts an illustrative framework for formatting
`and serving web content according to the present invention.
`FIG. 2 depicts an illustrative ValuesList on a web page
`according to the present invention.
`FIG. 3 depicts illustrative data served in a web page
`according to the present invention.
`The drawings are not necessarily to scale. The drawings
`are merely schematic representations, not intended to por
`tray specific parameters of the invention. The drawings are
`intended to depict only typical embodiments of the inven
`tion, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the
`Scope of the invention. In the drawings, like numbering
`represents like elements.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`INVENTION
`
`For convenience, the Detailed Description of the Inven
`tion will have the following sections:
`I. General Description
`II. Expert and Knowledge Tracker
`III. Computerized Implementation
`I. General Description
`In general, the present invention provides an approach
`and corresponding framework that separates data from its
`formatting/view by generating the dynamic JavaScript
`(data) as a set (e.g., at least one) of JavaScript (data) objects,
`without any HTML formatting. Then, a set of JavaScript
`functions can be created that takes the set of JavaScript
`object as a parameter, and outputs all or a Subset of this data
`object in a format determined by this JavaScript function. In
`general, these formatting functions can be static, rather than
`dynamic, JavaScript. This approach has the advantage of
`providing a much greater degree of formatting flexibility,
`without the need for each new format to establish a con
`nection with the back-end system providing the data. This
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`separation of data and format also allows for the possibility
`of the dynamically generated set of JavaScript objects to be
`obtained from one server while the set of JavaScript func
`tions used for formatting be obtained from an entirely
`different server. In a typical embodiment, the set of
`JavaScript functions are written in a way that is compatible
`with the format of the dynamically generated set of
`JavaScript objects being passed as a parameter. As the data
`format changes, the HTML formatting JavaScript function
`can change too.
`For clarity, the technique of combining data elements
`from different data sources into a single data content will be
`referred to herein as Data Conglomeration, or DC. In
`addition, the data format representing the DC content will be
`referred to herein as Values list. In any event, an aspect of
`this invention is to provide a framework to integrate DC
`Services to stream dynamic content from different data
`Sources to any web site, and to update portions of the web
`page. In an illustrative embodiment, the data format of
`choice being used is ValuesList, which will be explained in
`detail. The technique used to dynamically refresh content is
`dynamic JavaScript reload and callback to process the data
`in JavaScript.
`Some advantages of this invention are that: it allows a
`page to request dynamic content and automatic update
`portion of the page when the content is changed on a timely
`basis; it provides an interface to register installable services;
`it uses an innovative data structure (Values list) to map any
`server side data to web client; it provides an interface for
`user to dynamically pick and choose and configure the data
`elements from different data sources to be sent to the client;
`under the present invention, server side configuration
`changes will be reflected immediately on the next service
`call; it provides an interface or configuration file to setup
`different data sources; and, it provides a standard client
`JavaScript library to make server calls and parse and process
`the result data format.
`Referring now to FIG. 1, a DC server framework 10
`according to the present invention is shown. It should be
`understood in advance that framework 10 can be imple
`mented in a number of ways. All components could be
`implemented and deployed on a single application server
`such as DC application server 12. However, many or all of
`these components could also be implemented on entirely
`separate servers, connected via network interfaces.
`In a typical embodiment, DC Server Framework 10
`includes the following components:
`DC Engine 14: A program responsible for serving
`requested DC services. DC Engine acts as a controller for
`incoming requests. It breaks down a request and translates
`requested methods and parameters into a matching DC
`Service call. If the caller is a web page, the resulting
`Values list is encoded as a JavaScript String, and sent back
`to the client. The calling web page may pass a callback
`JavaScript function name, that function will be called when
`the request is returned. If the caller is an application, the
`engine has the option to encode the resulting Values list into
`Web Service XML.
`Services Registration Database 16: A database that stores
`the DC Service metadata (e.g., method name, parameters).
`Services can be added or removed from the registry. This
`allows people to find new services easily and develop new
`web pages or applications to utilize them.
`DC Configuration Repository 18: A configuration reposi
`tory that holds DC Engine configurations and DC Service
`configurations. DC Configuration Repository 18 is used by
`DC Engine 14 to gather additional parameters such as SQL
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`US 9,569,414 B2
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`6
`well as the user/learner) to encourage experts to share their
`knowledge—with features that will engage the busiest
`experts and allow them to disseminate information in the
`fastest way and the fewest times possible. Below is the
`workflow from the expert's point of view:
`Set "office hours' to appear as available to users/learners,
`using the experts instant messaging status. There are
`four ways to achieve this (to accommodate different
`working styles). Note that options 1, 2, and 3 allow an
`expert to be using their instant messaging services but
`NOT appear as available to learners if desired:
`1. Ad hoc—simply tell the Expert Tracker bot one is
`available 'now' and then turn off this function when
`no longer available.
`2. Calendar schedule—use calendar function in office
`software to set times when to be available. At those
`times, if the expert is logged into instant messaging,
`S/he will appear as available during those times.
`3. Web schedule—use web function to set times when
`to be available. At those times, if the expert is logged
`into instant messaging, S/he will appear as available
`during those times.
`4. Default to instant messaging use the expert's
`instant messaging status to determine availability.
`When a learner wants to chat, s/he sees the expert’s actual
`availability (which is updated real-time). The learner
`and the expert receive an instant message asking them
`to join a session. The learner and expert chat. At the end
`of the chat session, both the learner and the expert
`receive a short questionnaire, asking for the perceived
`value of the chat, whether the chat can be stored for
`future use, and for any other comments either may
`have.
`The expert receives periodical reports of how much time
`S/he has spent in chats, what the value has been, the
`content of saved chats, and any other comments Sup
`plied. The expert can therefore have an accurate record
`of his/her participation and the value of that participa
`tion to IBM.
`The expert is able to review all chats and pick any to
`decide if s/he wants to turn the chat into a publishable
`FAQ. The question the learner asked is placed in the
`“Q field and the rest of the chat session is placed in the
`“A” field. The expert may edit the Q and A as desired,
`and then hit “publish'. The FAQ may be published
`anywhere, but at least on the page where the learner
`sees him/her available to chat, so that if the question the
`learner has matches an existing FAQ, the expert is not
`asked that question again.
`III. Computerized Implementation
`
`It should be understood that any of the teachings of the
`present invention the present invention could be deployed on
`one or more computing devices (e.g., servers, clients, etc.)
`within a computer infrastructure. This is intended to dem
`onstrate, among other things, that the present invention
`could be implemented within a network environment (e.g.,
`the Internet, a wide area network (WAN), a local area
`network (LAN), a virtual private network (VPN), etc.), or on
`a stand-alone computer system. In the case of the former,
`communication throughout the network can occur via any
`combination of various types of communications links. For
`example, the communication links can comprise addressable
`connections that may utilize any combination of wired
`and/or wireless transmission methods. Where communica
`tions occur via the Internet, connectivity could be provided
`
`5
`statement, attribute list for LDAP search criteria, and/or
`simple list of data elements for each DC Service. This allows
`the user to define in detail what data elements are included
`and how data elements are fetched from each data source for
`DC Service.
`Configuration User Interface 20: A user interface to DC
`configuration repository 18 and Service Registration module
`16. It can be used by DC Administrators to register new
`services and configure the service parameters and list of data
`elements.
`10
`DC Service Interface 22: An agreed interface between DC
`Engine 14 and DC Services module 24. All DC Services
`implement this interface. DC calls each service through this
`common interface. In this interface, the resulting data format
`returned to the caller is always the same. The data format is
`flexible enough to allow for easy addition and subtraction of
`data elements from different data sources. The data format is
`simple and mirrors a table representation but can grow in
`depth to handle more complexity.
`DC Services module 24: A module that hold/maintains
`DC Services that are a set of services built according to DC
`Service Interface 22. Each DC Service is an installable
`component that can be installed through Configuration User
`Interface 20.
`Source Manager 26: Source manager 26 maintains all
`static and dynamic data sources. It can also provide inter
`faces to databases 30A-N of preexisting web content,
`LDAPs 32, online statuses 34, real-time web content 36, etc.
`Date Source 30: The data source such as database, LDAP,
`Some real time content, user online status, etc.
`Client Component 38: The client component comprises a
`JavaScript library that contains the JavaScript objects and
`JavaScript functions. Specifically, there are JavaScript func
`tions to make a client call to server from any web page
`40A-N. There are JavaScript functions to parse and process
`the resulting encoded String into common data format
`ValuesList. FIG. 2 depicts examples of real Values list
`showings on web pages. Values list is a table like presen
`tation of data and one can view them as rows and columns.
`Values list has a column name and type to describe a
`column. The content can be stored as columns or rows. As
`depicted, the data types are all mapped to JavaScript primi
`tive types and internal object types such as number (float),
`integer, String, Boolean, Date. One advantage of Values list
`is that its columns can contain Values list type thus giving it
`great ability to recursive down to complex data structures.
`Another example is shown in FIG. 3 that depicts illustrative
`data on a web page.
`Using framework 10 of FIG. 1, the present invention
`provides a way to format and serve web content by: receiv
`ing and processing a data conglomeration request into a data
`conglomeration service call; obtaining data in response to
`the data conglomeration service call; utilizing a set of
`JavaScript objects to represent the data as JavaScript data;
`formatting the set of JavaScript objects using a set of
`JavaScript functions; and serving formatted JavaScript
`objects as web content to a caller issuing the data conglom
`eration request.
`II. Expert and Knowledge Tracker
`The present invention also provides an Expert and Knowl
`edge Tracker that is an application that allows users/learners
`to chat real-time with experts about questions that pertain
`directly to that expert's area of expertise, and it retains and
`shows questions that have already been asked and answered.
`The application has been written to best serve the expert (as
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`Case 1:21-cv-01319 Document 1-2 Filed 02/15/21 Page 10 of 11
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`US 9,569,414 B2
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`by conventional TCP/IP sockets-based protocol, and an
`Internet service provider could be used to establish connec
`tivity to the Internet. Still yet, the computer infrastructure is
`intended to demonstrate that some or all of the components
`of Such an implementation could be deployed, managed,
`serviced, etc. by a service provider who offers to implement,
`deploy, and/or perform the functions of the present invention
`for others.
`Where computer hardware is provided, it is understood
`that Such any computers utilized will include standard
`elements such as a processing unit, a memory medium, a bus
`coupling the memory medium to the bus, input/output (I/O)
`interfaces coupled to the bus, etc. Further, such computer
`system(s) can be in communication with external I/O
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`devices/resources. In general, processing units execute com
`puter program code Such as one or more of the components
`depicted in FIG. 1 to provide the functionality described
`above, which is stored are memory medium(s). While
`executing computer program code, the processing unit can
`read and/or write data to/from memory, I/O interfaces, etc.
`The bus provides a communication link between each of the
`components in a computer. External devices can comprise
`any device (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display, etc.)
`that enable a user to interact with the computer system
`and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that
`enable the computer to communicate with one or more other
`computing devices.
`The hardware used to implement the present invention
`can comprise any specific purpose computing article of
`manufacture comprising hardware and/or computer program
`code for performing specific functions, any computing
`article of manufacture that comprises a combination of
`specific purpose and general purpose hardware/software, or
`the like. In each case, the program code and hardware can be
`created using standard programming and engineering tech
`niques, respectively. Moreover, the processing unit therein
`may comprise a single processing unit, or be distributed
`across one or more processing units in one or more loca
`tions, e.g., on a client and server. Similarly, the memory
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`medium can comprise any combination of various types of
`data storage and/or transmission media that reside at one or
`more physical locations. Further, the I/O interfaces can
`comprise any system for exchanging information with one
`or more external device. Still further, it is understood that
`one or more additional components (e.g., system software,
`math co-processing unit, etc.) can be included in the hard
`Wae.
`While shown and described herein as a method, frame
`work, and program product for formatting and serving web
`content, it is understood that the invention further provides
`various alternative embodiments. For example, in one
`embodiment, the invention provides a computer-readable/
`useable medium that includes computer program code to
`enable a computer infrastructure to format and serve web
`content. To this extent, the computer-readable/useable
`medium includes program code that implements the process
`(es) of the invention. It is understood that the terms com
`puter-readable medium or computer useable medium com
`prises one or more of any type of physical embodiment of
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`the program code. In particular, the computer-readable/
`useable medium can comprise program code embodied on
`one or more portable storage articles of manufacture (e.g., a
`compact disc, a magnetic disk, a tape, etc.), on one or more
`data storage portions of a computing device (e.g., a fixed
`disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a cache
`memory, etc.), and/or as a data signal (e.g., a propagated
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`signal) traveling over a network (e.g., during a wired/
`wireless electronic distribution of the program code).
`In another embodiment, the invention provides a business
`method that performs the process of the invention on a
`Subscription, advertising, and/or fee basis. That is, a service
`provider, such as a Solution Integrator, could offer to process
`images. In this case, the service provider can create, main
`tain, Support, etc., a computer infrastructure. Such as com
`puter infrastructure that performs the process of the inven
`tion for one or more customers. In return, the service
`provider can receive payment from the customer(s) under a
`Subscription and/or fee agreement and/or the service pro
`vider can receive payment from the sale of advertising
`content to one or more third parties.
`In still another embodiment, the invention provides a
`computer-implemented method for serving and formatting
`web content. In this case, a computer infrastructure. Such as
`a computer infrastructure can be provided and one or more
`systems for performing the process of the invention can be
`obtained (e.g., created, purchased, used, modified, etc.) and
`deployed to the computer infrastructure. To this extent, the
`deployment of a system can comprise one or more of: (1)
`installing program code on a computing device from a
`computer-readable medium; (2) adding one or more com
`puting devices to the computer infrastructure; and (3) incor
`porating and/or modifying one or more existing systems of
`the computer infrastructure to enable the computer infra
`structure to perform the process of the invention.
`As used herein, it is understood that the terms “program
`code' and "computer program code are synonymous and
`mean any expression, in any language, code or notation, of
`a set of instructions intended to cause a computing device
`having an information processing capability to perform a
`particular function either directly or after either or both of
`the following: (a) conversion to another language, code or
`notation; and/or (b) reproduction in a different material
`form. To this extent, program code can be embodied as one
`or more of an application/software program, component
`Software/a library of functions, an operating system, a basic
`I/O system/driver for a particular computi