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Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 1 of 14
`
`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK
`
`
` STEPHANIE HAMMOND,
`
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`v.
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`
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`Plaintiff,
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`Civil Action No.
`
`COMPLAINT FOR VIOLATIONS
`OF THE FEDERAL SECURITIES
`LAWS
`
`
`JURY TRIAL DEMANDED
`
`SYNACOR, INC., KEVIN M. RENDINO,
`HIMESH BHISE, LISA DONOHUE,
`MARWAN FAWAZ, ANDREW KAU, and
`MICHAEL MONTGOMERY,
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Defendants.
`
`
`Plaintiff Stephanie Hammond (“Plaintiff”) by and through her undersigned attorneys,
`
`brings this action on behalf of herself and alleges the following based upon personal knowledge
`
`as to those allegations concerning Plaintiff and, as to all other matters, upon the investigation of
`
`counsel, which includes, without limitation: (a) review and analysis of public filings made by
`
`Synacor, Inc. (“Synacor” or the “Company”) and other related parties and non-parties with the
`
`United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); (b) review and analysis of press
`
`releases and other publications disseminated by certain of the Defendants (defined below) and
`
`other related non-parties; (c) review of news articles, shareholder communications, and postings
`
`on Synacor’s website concerning the Company’s public statements; and (d) review of other
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`publicly available information concerning Synacor and the Defendants.
`
`NATURE OF THE ACTION
`
`1.
`
`Plaintiff brings this action against the Company and members of the Company’s
`
`Board of Directors (the “Board” or the “Individual Defendants”) for violations of Sections
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 2 of 14
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`14(d)(4), 14(e) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), 15
`
`U.S.C. §§ 78n(d)(4), 78n(e), 78t(a), and SEC Rule 14d-9, 17 C.F.R. §240.14d-9(d) (“Rule 14d-
`
`9”), in connection with the proposed acquisition of the Company via tender offer by CLP SY
`
`Holding, LLC through its wholly-owned subsidiary SY Merger Sub Corporation (“Merger Sub”
`
`and together with CLP Holding, LLC, “Centre Lane”) (the “Proposed Transaction”).
`
`2.
`
`On February 11, 2021, Synacor entered into a definitive agreement and plan of
`
`merger with Centre Lane (the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which Centre Lane commenced
`
`an all cash tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) to purchase all outstanding shares it doesn’t own of
`
`Synacor’s common stock for $2.20 per share. The Tender Offer will expire at 12:00 midnight,
`
`New York City time, on March 30, 2021, the twentieth (20th) business day following the
`
`commencement of the Tender Offer, unless extended.
`
`3.
`
`On March 3, 2021, the Company filed an incomplete and materially misleading
`
`recommendation statement with the SEC (the “Recommendation Statement”) on Form 14D9 in
`
`connection with the Proposed Transaction.
`
`4.
`
`Accordingly, the failure to adequately disclose such material information
`
`constitutes a violation of Sections 14(d), 14(e) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act as Synacor
`
`stockholders need such information in order to make a fully informed decision whether to tender
`
`their shares in support of the Proposed Transaction.
`
`5.
`
`As set forth more fully herein, Plaintiff seeks to enjoin Defendants from
`
`proceeding with the Proposed Transaction.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`2
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 3 of 14
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`JURISDICTION AND VENUE
`
`6.
`
`This Court has subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to Section 27 of the Exchange
`
`Act (15 U.S.C. § 78aa) and 28 U.S.C. § 1331 as Plaintiff alleges violations of Sections 14(d)(4),
`
`14(e) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act
`
`7.
`
`This Court has personal jurisdiction over all of the Defendants because each is
`
`either a corporation that conducts business in, solicits shareholders in, and/or maintains
`
`operations within, this District, or is an individual who is either present in this District for
`
`jurisdictional purposes or has sufficient minimum contacts with this District so as to make the
`
`exercise of jurisdiction by this Court permissible under traditional notions of fair play and
`
`substantial justice.
`
`8.
`
`Venue is proper under 28 U.S.C. § 1391 because a substantial portion of the
`
`transactions and wrongs complained of herein occurred in this District. In addition, the
`
`Company’s common stock trades on the NASDAQ, which is headquartered in this District.
`
`THE PARTIES
`
`9.
`
`Plaintiff has been the owner of the common stock of Synacor since prior to the
`
`transaction herein complained of and continuously to date.
`
`10.
`
`Defendant Synacor is a Delaware corporation with its principal executive offices
`
`located at 40 La Riviere Drive, Suite 300, Buffalo, NY 14202. The Company’s stock trades on
`
`the NASDAQ under the ticker “SYNC.”
`
`11.
`
`Defendant Kevin M. Rendino (“Rendino”) is and has been a director of Synacor
`
`at all times during the relevant time period.
`
`12.
`
`Defendant Himesh Bhise (“Bhise”) is and has been the Chief Executive Officer
`
`and a director of Synacor at all times during the relevant time period.
`
`
`
`3
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 4 of 14
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`13.
`
`Defendant Lisa Donohue (“Donohue”) is and has been a director of Synacor at all
`
`times during the relevant time period.
`
`14.
`
`Defendant Marwan Fawaz (“Fawaz”) is and has been a director of Synacor at all
`
`times during the relevant time period.
`
`15.
`
`Defendant Andrew Kau (“Kau”) is and has been a director of Synacor at all times
`
`during the relevant time period.
`
`16.
`
`Defendant Michael Montgomery (“Mongomery”) is and has been a director of
`
`Synacor at all times during the relevant time period.
`
`17.
`
`Defendants Rendino, Bhise, Donohue, Fawaz. Kau, and Montgomery are
`
`collectively referred to herein as the “Individual Defendants.”
`
`18.
`
`Defendant Synacor, along with the Individual Defendants, are collectively
`
`referred to herein as “Defendants.”
`
`SUBSTANTIVE ALLEGATIONS
`
`Background of the Company
`
`19.
`
`Synacor is a cloud-based software and services company serving global video,
`
`internet and communications providers, device manufacturers, governments and enterprises. The
`
`Company strives to enable its customers to better engage with their consumers. Its customers use
`
`Synacor’s technology platforms and services to scale their businesses and extend their subscriber
`
`relationships.
`
`The Company Announces the Proposed Transaction
`
`20.
`
`On February 11, 2021, Synacor and Centre Lane issued a press release
`
`announcing that the Company had entered an agreement in connection with the Proposed
`
`Transaction. The press release stated, in pertinent part:
`
`
`
`4
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 5 of 14
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`BUFFALO, N.Y.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Synacor, Inc. (Nasdaq: SYNC), a
`leading provider of cloud-based Collaboration and Identity Management software
`and services serving global enterprises, video, internet and communications
`providers, and governments, today announced that it has entered into a definitive
`agreement and plan of merger with an affiliate of Centre Lane Partners, LLC, a
`New York-based private investment firm, to be acquired in an all-cash transaction
`that values Synacor at approximately $92 million.
`
`Under the terms of the agreement, Centre Lane will commence a tender offer to
`acquire all of the outstanding common shares of Synacor for $2.20 in cash per
`share. This represents a 29% premium to the 60-day volume weighted average
`stock price as of February 10, 2021. Synacor’s Board of Directors has
`unanimously approved the agreement.
`
`Himesh Bhise, Chief Executive Officer of Synacor, commented, “Partnering with
`Centre Lane, a firm with $2 billion of capital under management and an
`established track record of helping software companies scale, provides our
`stockholders with compelling value while benefiting our customers and
`employees. Our Board of Directors has thoroughly and carefully considered our
`alternatives and believes the Centre Lane proposal is the best path forward for the
`company. The Synacor team looks forward to working with Centre Lane to scale
`the business and deepen our value proposition to customers.”
`
`“We are thrilled to support the continued growth and evolution of Synacor,” said
`Kenneth Lau, Managing Director of Centre Lane. “Himesh and his team have
`transformed Synacor into a world-class Enterprise SaaS company, while
`absorbing the costs and navigating the requirements of being publicly traded. We
`look forward to combining our expertise and capital resources with Synacor’s
`talented team to further enhance its Identity, Collaboration and Advertising
`products, expand its customer pipeline and scale the business.”
`
`Under the terms of the agreement, Centre Lane will commence a tender offer to
`acquire all issued and outstanding shares of Synacor common stock for $2.20 per
`share in cash. The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions and
`regulatory approvals, including the tender of a majority of the issued and
`outstanding shares of Synacor common stock. Centre Lane has committed capital
`to complete the transaction and receipt of financing by Centre Lane is not a
`condition to closing. Centre Lane has also entered into tender and support
`agreements with certain stockholders represented on the Synacor Board, under
`which they have committed to tender all of their Synacor shares in the tender
`offer, which represent approximately 18% of Synacor’s issued and outstanding
`shares.
`
`Following completion of the tender offer, Centre Lane will acquire all remaining
`shares of Synacor at the same price of $2.20 per share in cash through a second-
`step merger. The closing of the transaction is expected to take place during or
`
`
`
`5
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 6 of 14
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`prior to the second quarter of 2021. Following completion of the transaction,
`Synacor’s common stock will be delisted from the Nasdaq Stock Market and
`deregistered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
`
`Canaccord Genuity is serving as financial advisor and Gunderson Dettmer is
`serving as legal advisor to Synacor. Thompson Hine LLP is serving as legal
`counsel to Centre Lane.
`
`Additional details about the agreement will be contained in a Current Report on 8-
`K to be filed by Synacor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the
`“SEC”).
`
`FALSE AND MISLEADING STATEMENTS
`AND/OR MATERIAL OMISSIONS IN THE RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT
`
`21.
`
`On March 3, 2021, the Company authorized the filing of the Recommendation
`
`Statement with the SEC. The Recommendation Statement recommends that the Company’s
`
`stockholders tender their shares in favor of the Proposed Transaction.
`
`22.
`
`Defendants were obligated to carefully review the Recommendation Statement
`
`prior to its filing with the SEC and dissemination to the Company’s shareholders to ensure that it
`
`did not contain any material misrepresentations or omissions. However, the Recommendation
`
`Statement misrepresents and/or omits material information that is necessary for the Company’s
`
`shareholders to make informed decisions concerning whether to tender their shares in favor of
`
`the Proposed Transaction.
`
`Material False and Misleading Statements or Material
`Misrepresentations or Omissions Regarding Managements Projections
`
`23.
`
`The Recommendation Statement contains financial projections prepared by senior
`
`members of Synacor’s management in connection with the Proposed Transaction, but fails to
`
`provide material information concerning such.
`
`24.
`
`The SEC has repeatedly emphasized that disclosure of non-GAAP projections can
`
`be inherently misleading, and has therefore heightened its scrutiny of the use of such
`
`
`
`6
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 7 of 14
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`projections.1 Indeed, on May 17, 2016, the SEC’s Division of Corporation Finance released new
`
`and updated Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations (“C&DIs”) on the use of non-GAAP
`
`financial measures that demonstrate the SEC’s tightening policy.2 One of the new C&DIs
`
`regarding forward-looking information, such as financial projections, explicitly requires
`
`companies to provide any reconciling metrics that are available without unreasonable efforts.
`
`25.
`
`In order
`
`to make management’s financial projections
`
`included
`
`in
`
`the
`
`Recommendation Statement materially complete and not misleading, Defendants must provide a
`
`reconciliation table of the non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP measures.
`
`26.
`
`Specifically, with respect to all of the Company’s applicable projections, the
`
`Company must disclose the line item projections for the financial metrics that were used to
`
`calculate the non-GAAP measures, including: (i) Adjusted EBITDA; and (ii) Unlevered Free
`
`Cash Flow.
`
`27.
`
`Disclosure of the above information is vital to provide investors with the complete
`
`mix of information necessary to make an informed decision when deciding whether to tender
`
`their shares in support of the Proposed Transaction. Specifically, the above information would
`
`provide shareholders with a better understanding of the analyses performed by the Company’s
`
`financial advisor in support of its opinion.
`
`
`1 See, e.g., Nicolas Grabar and Sandra Flow, Non-GAAP Financial Measures: The SEC’s
`Evolving Views, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance and Financial
`Regulation (June 24, 2016), available at https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2016/06/24/non-gaap-
`financial-measuresthesecs evolving-views/; Gretchen Morgenson, Fantasy Math Is Helping
`Companies Spin Losses
`Into Profits, N.Y. Times, Apr. 22, 2016, available at
`http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/24/business/fantasy-mathis-helping-companies-spin-ossesinto-
`profits.html?_r=0.
`
` Non-GAAP Financial Measures, Compliance & Disclosure Interpretations, U.S. SECURITIES
`AND
`EXCHANGE
`COMMISSION
`(May
`17,
`2017),
`at
`available
`https://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/guidance/nongaapinterp.htm.
`
` 2
`
`
`
`7
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 8 of 14
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`Material False and Misleading Statements or Material
`Misrepresentations or Omissions Regarding Canaccord’s Opinion Statement
`
`The Recommendation Statement contains the financial analyses and opinion of
`
`28.
`
`Canaccord Genuity (“Canaccord”) concerning the Proposed Transaction but fails to provide
`
`material information concerning information such.
`
`29. With respect
`
`to Canaccord’s Selected Precedent Transaction Analysis,
`
`the
`
`Recommendation Statement fails to disclose the individual multiples and metrics for each of the
`
`transactions observed in the analysis.
`
`30. With
`
`respect
`
`to Canaccord’s Discounted Cash Flow Analysis,
`
`the
`
`Recommendation Statement fails to disclose: (i) the terminal values in the year 2024 for the
`
`Company; (ii) the inputs and assumptions underlying Canaccord’s use of the perpetual growth
`
`rate range of 1.0% to 3.0%; (iii) the inputs and assumptions underlying Canaccord’s use of the
`
`discount rate range of 13.0% to 15.0%; (iv) Synacor’s weighted average cost of capital; and (v)
`
`the number of fully-diluted shares outstanding for Synacor.
`
`31. When a banker’s endorsement of the fairness of a transaction is touted to
`
`shareholders, the valuation methods used to arrive at that opinion as well as the key inputs and
`
`range of ultimate values generated by those analyses must also be fairly disclosed. Moreover,
`
`the disclosure of projected financial information is material because it provides stockholders with
`
`a basis to project the future financial performance of a company and allows stockholders to
`
`better understand the financial analyses performed by the company’s financial advisor in support
`
`of its fairness opinion.
`
`32. Without the above described information, the Company’s shareholders are not
`
`fully informed with respect to the Proposed Transaction. Accordingly, in order to provide
`
`
`
`8
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 9 of 14
`
`shareholders with a complete mix of information, the omitted information described above
`
`should be disclosed.
`
`Material False and Misleading Statements or Material
`Misrepresentations or Omissions Regarding the Sales Process
`
`The Recommendation Statement contains information concerning the process
`
`33.
`
`leading up to the Proposed Transaction, but fails to include material information concerning
`
`such.
`
`34.
`
`Specifically, the Recommendation Statement fails to disclose: (i) how much
`
`money was paid, or is currently owed, by the Company to any previous financial advisors or to
`
`Canaccord for engagements regarding previous potential strategic transactions during the sales
`
`process; (ii) whether any interested parties entered into any “don’t ask, don’t waive” (“DADW”)
`
`provisions that would prevent the potential suitor from making a topping bid for the Company.
`
`35.
`
`This information is material to shareholders in deciding whether to tender their
`
`shares in favor of the Proposed Transaction, as it would show whether or not a superior offer for
`
`the Company was available.
`
`COUNT I
`
`(Against All Defendants for Violations of Section 14(d)
`of the Exchange Act and Rule 14d-9 Promulgated Thereunder)
`
`36.
`
`Plaintiff incorporates each and every allegation set forth above as if fully set forth
`
`herein.
`
`37.
`
`Section 14(d)(4) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14d-9 promulgated thereunder
`
`makes it a requirement to make full and complete disclosure in connection with tender offers.
`
`
`
`9
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 10 of 14
`
`38.
`
`As discussed herein, the Recommendation Statement, while soliciting shareholder
`
`support for the Proposed Transaction, misrepresent and/or omit material facts concerning the
`
`Proposed Transaction.
`
`39.
`
`Defendants prepared, reviewed, filed and disseminated the false and misleading
`
`Recommendation Statement to Synacor shareholders. In doing so, Defendants knew or recklessly
`
`disregarded that the Recommendation Statement failed to disclose material facts necessary in
`
`order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made,
`
`not misleading.
`
`40.
`
`The omissions and incomplete and misleading statements in the Recommendation
`
`Statement are material in that a reasonable shareholder would consider them important in
`
`deciding whether to tender their shares in favor of the Proposed Transaction. In addition, a
`
`reasonable investor would view such information as altering the “total mix” of information made
`
`available to shareholders.
`
`41.
`
`By virtue of their positions within the Company and/or roles in the process and in
`
`the preparation of the Recommendation Statement, Defendants were undoubtedly aware of this
`
`information and had previously reviewed it, including participating in the Proposed Transaction
`
`negotiation and sales process and reviewing Synacor’s financial advisor’s complete financial
`
`analyses purportedly summarized in the Recommendation Statement.
`
`42.
`
`The Individual Defendants undoubtedly reviewed and relied upon the omitted
`
`information identified above in connection with their decision to approve and recommend the
`
`Proposed Transaction.
`
`43.
`
`Synacor is deemed negligent as a result of the Individual Defendants’ negligence
`
`in preparing and reviewing the Recommendation Statement.
`
`
`
`10
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 11 of 14
`
`44.
`
`Defendants knew that Plaintiff would rely upon the Recommendation Statement
`
`in determining whether to tender their shares in favor of the Proposed Transaction.
`
`45.
`
`As a direct and proximate result of Defendants’ unlawful course of conduct in
`
`violation of Section 14(d)(4) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14d-9 promulgated thereunder,
`
`absent injunctive relief from the Court, Plaintiff will suffer irreparable injury by being denied the
`
`opportunity to make an informed decision as to whether to tender their shares in favor of the
`
`Proposed Transaction.
`
`46.
`
`Plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law.
`
`COUNT II
`
`(Against All Defendants for Violation
`Of Section 14(e) of the Exchange Act)
`
`47.
`
`Plaintiff incorporates each and every allegation set forth above as if fully set forth
`
`herein.
`
`48.
`
`Defendants violated Section 14(e) of the Exchange Act by issuing the
`
`Recommendation Statement in which they made false statements of material fact or failed to
`
`state all material facts that would be necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
`
`circumstances, not misleading, or engaged in deceptive or manipulative acts or practices, in
`
`connection with the Proposed Transaction.
`
`49.
`
`Defendants knew that Plaintiff and the Company’s shareholders would rely upon
`
`their statements made in the Recommendation Statement in determining whether to tender shares
`
`in favor of the Proposed Transaction.
`
`50.
`
`As a direct and proximate result of Defendants’ unlawful course of conduct in
`
`violation of Section 14(e) of the Exchange Act, absent injunctive relief from the Court, Plaintiff
`
`
`
`11
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 12 of 14
`
`will suffer irreparable injury by being denied the opportunity to make an informed decision as to
`
`whether to tender their shares in favor of the Proposed Transaction.
`
`COUNT III
`
`(Against the Individual Defendants for
`Violations of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act)
`
`51.
`
`Plaintiff incorporates each and every allegation set forth above as if fully set forth
`
`herein.
`
`52.
`
`The Individual Defendants acted as controlling persons of Synacor within the
`
`meaning of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act as alleged herein. By virtue of their positions as
`
`officers and/or directors of Synacor, and participation in and/or awareness of the Company’s
`
`operations and/or intimate knowledge of the false statements contained in the Recommendation
`
`Statement filed with the SEC, they had the power to influence and control and did influence and
`
`control, directly or indirectly, the decision-making of the Company, including the content and
`
`dissemination of the various statements which Plaintiff contends are false and misleading.
`
`53.
`
`Each of the Individual Defendants were provided with or had unlimited access to
`
`copies of the Recommendation Statement and other statements alleged by Plaintiff to be
`
`misleading prior to and/or shortly after these statements were issued and had the ability to
`
`prevent the issuance of the statements or cause the statements to be corrected.
`
`54.
`
`In particular, each of the Individual Defendants had direct and supervisory
`
`involvement in the day-to-day operations of the Company, and, therefore, is presumed to have
`
`had the power to control or influence the particular transactions giving rise to the securities
`
`violations alleged herein, and exercised the same. The Recommendation Statement contain the
`
`unanimous recommendation of each of the Individual Defendants to approve the Proposed
`
`
`
`12
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 13 of 14
`
`Transaction. They were thus directly connected with and involved in the making of the
`
`Recommendation Statement.
`
`55.
`
`As set forth above, the Individual Defendants had the ability to exercise control
`
`over and did control a person or persons who have each violated Section 14(e) of the Exchange
`
`Act, by their acts and omissions as alleged herein. By virtue of their positions as controlling
`
`persons and the acts described herein, the Individual Defendants are liable pursuant to Section
`
`20(a) of the Exchange Act.
`
`56.
`
`As a direct and proximate result of Individual Defendants’ conduct, Plaintiff will
`
`be irreparably harmed.
`
`57.
`
`Plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law.
`
`PRAYER FOR RELIEF
`
`
`
`WHEREFORE, Plaintiff prays for judgment and relief as follows:
`
`A.
`
`Preliminarily and permanently enjoining Defendants and all persons acting in
`
`concert with them from proceeding with, consummating, or closing the Proposed Transaction;
`
`B.
`
`Directing the Individual Defendants to disseminate an Amendment to the
`
`Recommendation Statement that does not contain any untrue statements of material fact and that
`
`states all material facts required in it or necessary to make the statements contained therein not
`
`misleading;
`
`C.
`
`Directing Defendants to account to Plaintiff for the damages sustained because of
`
`the wrongs complained of herein;
`
`D.
`
`Awarding Plaintiff the costs of this action, including reasonable allowance for
`
`Plaintiff’s attorneys’ and experts’ fees; and
`
`E.
`
`Granting such other and further relief as this Court may deem just and proper.
`
`
`
`13
`
`

`

`Case 1:21-cv-02107 Document 1 Filed 03/11/21 Page 14 of 14
`
`DEMAND FOR TRIAL BY JURY
`
`
`Plaintiff hereby demands a trial by jury.
`
`
`
`Dated: March 11, 2021
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
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`
`
`
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`
`
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`
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`
`
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`
`
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`By: /s/ Joshua M. Lifshitz
`Joshua M. Lifshitz
`Email: jml@jlclasslaw.com
`LIFSHITZ LAW FIRM, P.C.
`1190 Broadway
`Hewlett, New York 11557
`Telephone: (516) 493-9780
`Facsimile: (516) 280-7376
`
`Attorneys for Plaintiff
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`14
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`

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