: BRONX
`CLERK
`COUNTY
`FILED
`07/23/2020
`12:04
`FILED: BRONX COUNTY CLERK 07/30/2020 08:39 PM
`PM|
`161
`NYSCEF
`DOC.
`NO.
`NYSCEF DOC. NO. 184
`
`21241/2017E
`INDEX
`NO.
`INDEX NO. 21241/2017E
`RECEIVED
`NYSCEF:
`07/23/2020
`RECEIVED NYSCEF: 07/30/2020
`
`AFFIDAVIT
`TIEGER
`
`OFSYLVAN
`
`Index
`
`No.:
`
`21241/2017E
`
`SUPREME
`COUNTY
`
`OF THE STATE
`COURT
`OF BRONX
`
`OF NEW YORK
`
`x
`
`ROBERT
`
`MATIAS,
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`- against
`
`-
`
`NEW YORKER
`HOTEL
`and THE HOLY
`INC.,
`THE UNIFICATION
`
`MANAGEMENT
`ASSOCIATION
`SPIRIT
`OF WORLD CHRISTIANITY,
`
`COMPANY,
`FOR
`
`Defendants.
`_____
`______
`-------------------------------------------x
`NEW YORKER
`MANAGEMENT
`HOTEL
`and THE HOLY
`ASSOCIATION
`SPIRIT
`INC.,
`OF WORLD CHRISTIANITY,
`THE UNIFICATION
`
`COMPANY,
`FOR
`
`- against
`
`-
`
`Third-Party
`
`Plaintiffs,
`
`THIRTY-FOURTH
`
`STREET
`
`DINER,
`
`INC.,
`
`Third-Party
`
`Defendant.
`
`ss.:
`
`) )
`
`STATE
`
`OF NEW YORK
`
`COUNTY
`
`OF NEW YORK )
`
`SYLVAN
`
`TIEGER,
`
`being
`
`duly
`
`sworn,
`
`deposes
`
`and
`
`says:
`
`1.
`
`I am a licensed
`
`Master
`
`Plumber
`
`and
`
`a licensed
`
`Master
`
`Fire
`
`Suppression
`
`Piping
`
`Contractor
`
`and
`
`the
`
`principal
`
`of S. Tieger
`
`Plumbing
`
`Co.,
`
`Inc.
`
`located
`
`in the Bronx,
`
`New York.
`
`As
`
`a New York
`
`City
`
`Master
`
`Plumber,
`
`I am licensed
`
`and
`
`certified
`
`to do
`
`all
`
`aspects
`
`of
`
`drainage
`
`and
`
`plumbing.
`
`2.
`
`Of my many
`
`specialties
`
`as a plumbing
`
`contractor,
`
`I am often
`
`frequently
`
`hired
`
`to
`
`perform
`
`drain
`
`cleanings
`
`and what
`
`is referred
`
`to in the
`
`plumbing
`
`industry
`
`as a "clean-out",
`
`which
`
`is
`
`part
`
`of necessary
`
`periodic
`
`preventative
`
`maintenance
`
`to insure
`
`that
`
`drain
`
`and waste
`
`pipes
`
`are cleaned
`
`

`

`CLERK
`COUNTY
`: BRONX
`07/23/2020
`12:04
`F ILED
`FILED: BRONX COUNTY CLERK 07/30/2020 08:39 PM
`PM|
`161
`NYSCEF
`DOC.
`NO.
`NYSCEF DOC. NO. 184
`
`21241/2017E
`INDEX
`NO.
`INDEX NO. 21241/2017E
`RECEIVED
`NYSCEF:
`07/23/2020
`RECEIVED NYSCEF: 07/30/2020
`
`in order
`
`to protect
`
`the
`
`lines
`
`from
`
`clogs,
`
`blockages
`
`and
`
`back-ups.
`
`3.
`
`I have
`
`been
`
`retained
`
`as an expert
`
`on behalf
`
`of
`
`the
`
`plaintiff
`
`in this
`
`lawsuit
`
`and
`
`intend
`
`to testify
`
`at
`
`trial.
`
`4.
`
`I submit
`
`this
`
`affidavitin
`
`opposition
`
`to the motion
`
`brought
`
`by
`
`the
`
`defendants
`
`New
`
`Yorker
`
`Hotel
`
`Management
`
`Company,
`
`Inc.
`
`and
`
`The Holy
`
`Spirit
`
`Association
`
`for
`
`the Unification
`
`of
`
`World
`
`Christianity
`
`seeking
`
`a dismissal
`
`of
`
`the
`
`case.
`
`5.
`
`I have
`
`been
`
`with
`
`and
`
`reviewed
`
`manydocuments
`
`andmaterials
`
`including:
`
`provided
`
`legal
`
`(a)
`
`pleadings;
`
`(b)
`
`requests
`
`for documents
`
`and responses,
`
`including
`
`drawings
`
`and riser
`
`diagrams
`
`of
`
`the storm and waste
`
`lines
`
`of
`
`the New Yorker
`
`Hotel;
`
`(c) examinations
`
`before
`
`trial
`
`of
`
`the parties
`
`and
`
`non-parties,
`
`along
`
`with
`
`the
`
`exhibits
`
`discussed
`
`at
`
`those
`
`depositions;
`
`(d)
`
`photographs
`
`and
`
`videos
`
`of
`
`the mezzanine
`
`kitchen
`
`of
`
`the Tick
`
`Tock
`
`Diner
`
`taken
`
`the day
`
`the incident
`
`occurred,
`
`all of which
`
`show
`
`the
`
`spewing
`
`of human
`
`waste
`
`from a plumbing
`
`line
`
`onto
`
`the kitchen
`
`floor;
`
`and
`
`(e)
`
`the motion
`
`papers,
`
`of
`
`Leonard
`
`on December
`
`especially
`
`the
`
`affidavit
`
`the
`
`hotel's
`
`expert,
`
`P. Parkin.
`
`Lastly,
`
`10, 2019,
`
`I
`
`(along
`
`with
`
`an assistant)
`
`conducted
`
`a lengthy
`
`and
`
`detailed
`
`inspection
`
`of
`
`the
`
`hotel's
`
`plumbing
`
`and
`
`waste
`
`lines,
`
`a portion
`
`of which
`
`ran
`
`through
`
`the mezzanine
`
`levelkitchen
`
`of
`
`the Tick
`
`Tock
`
`Diner
`
`as
`
`well
`
`as other
`
`piping
`
`and
`
`connections
`
`on various
`
`floors
`
`and
`
`levels
`
`of
`
`the
`
`hotel.
`
`6.
`
`The
`
`incident
`
`which
`
`forms
`
`the
`
`basis
`
`of
`
`this
`
`lawsuit
`
`was
`
`a fall
`
`of
`
`the plaintiff,
`
`Robert
`
`the Tick
`
`Tock
`
`which
`
`Matias,
`
`as he walkedacrossatiledfloor
`
`in the mezzanine
`
`kitchen
`
`of
`
`Diner,
`
`was
`
`covered
`
`with
`
`the
`
`contents
`
`of a waste
`
`pipe
`
`which
`
`spewed
`
`out with
`
`great
`
`force
`
`after
`
`a plug,
`
`called
`
`a
`
`"clean-out
`
`cap",
`
`blew
`
`off
`
`due
`
`to excessive
`
`pressure
`
`caused
`
`by a downstream
`
`clog.
`
`7.
`
`Based
`
`upon my review
`
`of documents
`
`and
`
`personal
`
`inspection,
`
`it
`
`is my opinion
`
`that
`
`this waste
`
`line was
`
`installed
`
`andused
`
`by the hoteland
`
`served
`
`approximately
`
`50% of
`
`its 1,000
`
`rooms.
`
`It carried
`
`human
`
`waste
`
`(feces,
`
`urine
`
`and other
`
`substances)
`
`from toilets,
`
`sinks,
`
`showers
`
`and
`
`bathtubs
`
`-2-
`
`

`

`CLERK
`COUNTY
`: BRONX
`12
`02 0
`07 /23/2
`F ILED
`FILED: BRONX COUNTY CLERK 07/30/2020 08:39 PM
`: 0 4
`PM|
`161
`NYSCEF
`DOC.
`NO.
`NYSCEF DOC. NO. 184
`
`21241/2017E
`INDEX
`NO.
`INDEX NO. 21241/2017E
`RECEIVED
`NYSCEF:
`07/23/2020
`RECEIVED NYSCEF: 07/30/2020
`
`to the
`
`sewer
`
`system
`
`of
`
`the City
`
`of New York.
`
`8.
`
`This
`
`was
`
`clearly
`
`part
`
`of
`
`the hotel's
`
`structure
`
`and,
`
`specifically
`
`a waste
`
`line
`
`for
`
`the use
`
`of
`
`the hotel,
`
`not
`
`the diner.
`
`The
`
`hotel
`
`was
`
`responsible
`
`for
`
`its maintenance
`
`The
`
`design
`
`and
`
`installation
`
`of
`
`this
`
`line
`
`had
`
`various
`
`offsets
`
`of piping
`
`which
`
`are called
`
`"clean-out"
`
`lines,
`
`in accordance
`
`with New
`
`York
`
`Building
`
`and Plumbing
`
`Codes.
`
`Each
`
`"offset"
`
`had
`
`a CO (clean-out)
`
`Plug,
`
`which
`
`could
`
`be
`
`removed,
`
`allowing
`
`access
`
`into
`
`the waste
`
`line
`
`for
`
`the
`
`purpose
`
`of periodically
`
`cleaning
`
`it so
`
`thereby
`
`as to remove
`
`materials
`
`which
`
`clogged
`
`the line
`
`or
`
`reduced
`
`its diameter
`
`as a result
`
`of human
`
`waste
`
`and
`
`other materials
`
`coating
`
`the
`
`pipe.
`
`9.
`
`Industry
`
`custom
`
`and
`
`practice,
`
`as well
`
`as health
`
`and
`
`safety
`
`considerations,
`
`mandate
`
`that
`
`this
`
`line
`
`or pipe
`
`be periodically
`
`"cleaned
`
`out",
`
`either
`
`by water
`
`pressure
`
`hoses
`
`or motorized
`
`electrical
`
`snakes
`
`-
`
`in
`
`order
`
`to
`
`prevent
`
`obstructions
`
`and
`
`clogs
`
`and
`
`the
`
`back-up
`
`of waste
`
`running
`
`through
`
`the
`
`pipe.
`
`10.
`
`It was
`
`the
`
`obligation
`
`of
`
`the New Yorker
`
`Hotel
`
`to do this
`
`on a periodic
`
`basis,
`
`given
`
`of
`
`line
`
`from the hotel
`
`the fact
`
`that
`
`it was part
`
`its public
`
`structure
`
`(i.e., waste
`
`rooms,
`
`kitchens,
`
`catering
`
`facilities,
`
`etc.).
`
`The
`
`line
`
`was
`
`not
`
`installed
`
`by
`
`the
`
`Tick
`
`Tock
`
`Diner
`
`and
`
`should
`
`not
`
`have
`
`been
`
`maintained
`
`or serviced
`
`by it, despite
`
`the
`
`fact
`
`that
`
`it
`
`ran,
`
`for
`
`a very
`
`short
`
`distance,
`
`(approximately
`
`10
`
`feet),
`
`across
`
`the
`
`ceiling
`
`and
`
`one wall
`
`of
`
`the
`
`large mezzanine
`
`kitchen.
`
`11.
`
`Based
`
`upon
`
`a review
`
`of a Notice
`
`to Admit
`
`and
`
`the hotel's
`
`response,
`
`this
`
`line was
`
`not
`
`"cleaned
`
`out"
`
`for
`
`at
`
`least
`
`the
`
`five
`
`years
`
`prior
`
`incident
`
`That
`
`(5)
`
`to the
`
`of June
`
`19, 2015.
`
`is contrary
`
`to good
`
`and accepted
`
`plumbing
`
`practice.
`
`This
`
`is especially
`
`true
`
`given
`
`the fact
`
`it
`
`is a 40 story
`
`building
`
`with
`
`over
`
`1,000
`
`guest
`
`rooms
`
`plus
`
`catering
`
`and kitchen
`
`facilities,
`
`all of which
`
`have
`
`their
`
`"waste"
`
`(not
`
`limited
`
`to feces,
`
`urine
`
`or
`
`toilet
`
`paper,
`
`but
`
`also
`
`disposable
`
`wipes,
`
`feminine
`
`hygiene
`
`products,
`
`etc;)
`
`running
`
`through
`
`that
`
`piping.
`
`In my opinion,
`
`the
`
`line
`
`should
`
`have
`
`been
`
`cleaned
`
`out
`
`bi-annually
`
`or,
`
`at
`
`the
`
`very
`
`least,
`
`annually
`
`There
`
`are companies,
`
`like mine,
`
`that
`
`specialize
`
`in this
`
`task.
`
`-3-
`
`

`

`CLERK
`COUNTY
`: BRONX
`FILED
`07/23/2020
`: 04
`12
`FILED: BRONX COUNTY CLERK 07/30/2020 08:39 PM
`PM|
`161
`NYSCEF
`DOC.
`NO.
`NYSCEF DOC. NO. 184
`
`21241/2017E
`INDEX
`NO.
`INDEX NO. 21241/2017E
`RECEIVED
`NYSCEF:
`07/23/2020
`RECEIVED NYSCEF: 07/30/2020
`
`12.
`
`It
`
`is also my opinion
`
`that
`
`this
`
`line
`
`should
`
`have
`
`not
`
`been
`
`exposed
`
`and
`
`allowed
`
`to run
`
`through
`
`the kitchen
`
`of
`
`the diner.
`
`It should
`
`have
`
`been
`
`enclosed
`
`or guarded
`
`or separated
`
`in some
`
`way
`
`from the
`
`open
`
`kitchen
`
`area where
`
`food
`
`was
`
`being
`
`prepared
`
`for
`
`the diner's
`
`customers.
`
`Alternatively,
`
`a drainage
`
`or
`
`trough
`
`system
`
`should
`
`have
`
`been
`
`employed
`
`that would
`
`have
`
`diverted
`
`the
`
`human
`
`waste
`
`and
`
`other materials
`
`in the
`
`event
`
`of a breach
`
`of
`
`the
`
`pipe.
`
`13.
`
`It
`
`is my further
`
`opinion
`
`that
`
`the
`
`hotel
`
`violated
`
`the Building
`
`Code
`
`of
`
`the City
`
`of New
`
`York
`
`a prohibited
`
`clean-out
`
`cap.
`
`As
`
`testified
`
`to by Connor
`
`Driscoll,
`
`one
`
`of
`
`the
`
`plumbers
`
`by using
`
`who
`
`came
`
`to the
`
`scene
`
`to attempt
`
`to unclog
`
`the
`
`obstruction
`
`and
`
`stop
`
`the
`
`spewing
`
`of waste,
`
`the
`
`cap
`
`was made
`
`of
`
`rubber
`
`and was
`
`simply
`
`clamped
`
`on.
`
`Q.
`
`A.
`
`How
`the
`
`is that
`pipe?
`
`cleanout
`
`cap
`
`attached
`
`to
`
`like
`actual
`
`it's
`With,
`on to the
`pipe
`that
`tightened
`
`they
`on.
`Just
`
`a metal
`
`pipe
`had
`
`clamp.
`and
`it
`on
`
`it
`
`connected
`
`fits
`Like
`is a rubber
`it's
`and
`to it.
`
`Q.
`
`When
`
`you
`
`the
`a gasket
`
`cap
`
`saying
`was
`on?
`
`say
`
`a rubber
`cap,
`itself
`is rubber
`you would
`turn
`
`you
`or
`or
`
`are
`there
`screw
`
`cap
`two
`
`itself
`
`different
`
`was
`types
`
`exactly
`
`whattype
`
`rubber.
`
`but
`
`I
`
`they
`
`A.
`
`I believe
`
`the
`
`There
`
`can't
`had
`
`were
`remember
`
`there.
`
`Is it
`
`threaded?
`
`Q.
`
`A.
`
`Q.
`
`A.
`
`No.
`
`So you
`it?
`
`just
`
`push
`
`it on and
`
`then
`
`clamp
`
`just
`
`push
`
`it on and just
`
`tighten
`
`it
`
`You
`on.
`
`-4-
`
`

`

`CLERK
`COUNTY
`: BRONX
`FILED
`07/23/2020
`: 04
`12
`FILED: BRONX COUNTY CLERK 07/30/2020 08:39 PM
`PM|
`161
`NYSCEF
`DOC.
`NO.
`NYSCEF DOC. NO. 184
`
`21241/2017E
`INDEX
`NO.
`INDEX NO. 21241/2017E
`RECEIVED
`NYSCEF:
`07/23/2020
`RECEIVED NYSCEF: 07/30/2020
`
`Q.
`
`A.
`
`Q.
`
`there
`Is
`tightened
`
`required
`a
`tightness
`
`for
`torque
`the
`clamp?
`
`of
`
`the
`
`Not
`
`that
`
`I know
`
`of.
`
`is done
`It
`basically
`enough?
`tight
`
`what
`
`you
`
`feel
`
`is
`
`A.
`
`Yes.
`
`(Page
`attached
`
`23 - Page
`49/Line
`to the motion
`
`50/Line
`
`22. See Exhibit
`
`"F"
`
`papers)
`
`14.
`
`This
`
`is a clear
`
`violation
`
`of Section
`
`708.1
`
`and
`
`708.2
`
`of
`
`the New York
`
`City
`
`Building
`
`Department's
`
`Plumbing
`
`Code
`
`which
`
`states
`
`, in part,
`
`that:
`
`...clean
`
`out
`
`plugs
`
`shall
`
`be brass
`
`or plastic.
`
`are not
`
`allowed
`
`in commercial
`
`establishments
`
`or
`
`residential
`
`buildings
`
`over
`
`5
`
`Notably,
`
`plastic
`
`caps
`
`stories
`
`in height.
`
`15.
`
`Be
`
`that
`
`as it may,
`
`a rubber
`
`cap,
`
`clamped
`
`at
`
`the
`
`end
`
`of
`
`a clean
`
`out
`
`line,
`
`is clearly
`
`prohibited
`
`and
`
`therefore,
`
`it
`
`is my opinion
`
`that
`
`the
`
`failure
`
`of
`
`the
`
`hotel
`
`to use
`
`a threaded
`
`brass
`
`clean
`
`out
`
`cap
`
`or plug
`
`was
`
`a violation,
`
`for which
`
`it
`
`is liable.
`
`There
`
`is absolutely
`
`no evidence
`
`or proof
`
`the
`
`diner
`
`improper
`
`and
`
`illegal
`
`cap. And
`
`the
`
`hotel
`
`admitted
`
`that
`
`it had
`
`not
`
`been
`
`chañged
`
`installed
`
`this
`
`for
`
`years
`
`before
`
`the
`
`incident.
`
`The
`
`importance
`
`and
`
`relevance
`
`of
`
`these
`
`facts
`
`are that
`
`this
`
`improper
`
`and
`
`prohibited
`
`plug
`
`was
`
`the
`
`reason
`
`it blew
`
`off,
`
`since
`
`it was
`
`insufficient
`
`to withstand
`
`the
`
`pressure
`
`of
`
`the
`
`contents
`
`of
`
`the
`
`pipe
`
`as it backed
`
`up due
`
`to the
`
`clog.
`
`A proper
`
`plug
`
`or cap,
`
`properly
`
`tightened
`
`and
`
`torqued,
`
`is designed
`
`to withstand
`
`such
`
`pressure
`
`and
`
`the
`
`contents
`
`of
`
`the pipe would
`
`have
`
`found
`
`the
`
`-
`
`path
`
`of
`
`least
`
`resistance
`
`meaning
`
`it would
`
`have
`
`come
`
`through
`
`floor
`
`drains
`
`or
`
`sinks
`
`or
`
`toilets
`
`etc;
`
`further
`
`upstream
`
`from
`
`the
`
`cap.
`
`It would
`
`not
`
`have
`
`blown
`
`off,
`
`propelling
`
`its contents
`
`onto
`
`the kitchen
`
`floor
`
`and
`
`causing
`
`Mr.
`
`Matias'
`
`fall.
`
`Parenthetically,
`
`even
`
`if
`
`it
`
`is shown
`
`that
`
`an approved
`
`cap was
`
`used,
`
`if
`
`it was
`
`properly
`
`maintained
`
`and
`
`torqued,
`
`it would
`
`never
`
`have
`
`blown
`
`off
`
`the waste
`
`pipe,
`
`for
`
`-5-
`
`

`

`CLERK
`COUNTY
`: BRONX
`12
`[FILED
`0 7 / 23 / 2 0 2 0
`FILED: BRONX COUNTY CLERK 07/30/2020 08:39 PM
`: 0 4
`PM|
`.·
`.
`161
`NYSCEF
`DOC.
`NO.
`NYSCEF DOC. NO. 184
`.
`.
`.
`
`21241/2017E
`INDEX
`NO.
`INDEX NO. 21241/2017E
`•RECEIVED
`NYSCEF:
`07/23/2020
`RECEIVED NYSCEF: 07/30/2020
`
`the reasons
`
`noted
`
`above,
`
`.
`
`16.
`
`My
`
`reading
`
`of
`
`the affidavit
`
`of Leonard
`
`P.El
`
`Parkin,
`.
`
`.
`
`of February
`.
`
`25
`
`2020,
`.
`
`seems
`
`to
`
`imply
`
`that
`
`because:the
`
`diner
`
`may
`
`have
`
`indirectly.tapped
`
`into·the
`
`waste
`
`line
`
`from a small
`
`dishwasher.
`
`and
`
`sink
`
`on the main
`
`floor,
`
`that
`
`it
`
`is solely
`
`and totally.responsible
`
`for
`
`the
`
`obstruction
`
`and
`
`clog.
`
`I
`
`disagree
`
`with
`
`that
`
`conclusion
`
`the.
`
`dishwaslier
`
`would
`
`have
`
`for Ä number
`..
`.
`emulsifiect
`
`of
`
`reasons.
`
`First,
`
`any
`
`and
`
`.
`
`given
`
`"grease"
`
`on plates
`.
`.
`the -·temperature
`
`or utensils
`.
`.
`
`in
`
`of
`
`an
`
`average
`
`disselved,
`
`. diishwasher
`
`(160F
`
`- 180F
`
`degrees)
`
`. Second,
`.
`
`the
`
`drain
`
`from
`
`·the sink:would
`
`have
`
`a grease
`
`trap
`
`ito .
`
`prevent
`
`it
`
`froñi
`
`clogging
`
`the
`
`line,
`
`Third,
`
`tlie
`
`size
`
`of
`
`the
`
`piping
`
`in those
`
`two
`
`small
`
`appliances
`
`could
`
`never
`
`have
`
`been
`
`sufficient
`
`to clog
`
`the line.
`
`Accepted
`
`stibwific
`
`eal
`
`tio==
`
`support
`
`this
`
`conclusion.
`
`The
`
`drain
`
`for
`
`the
`
`sink:was
`
`a 3
`
`line.
`
`It would
`
`take
`
`4 - 3''. diameter
`
`weste
`
`lines
`
`to equal
`
`the
`
`same·.·
`
`volume
`
`line.
`
`Even
`
`if
`
`the kitchen
`
`had
`
`a waste
`
`line
`
`it would
`
`be able
`
`of 1 - 6"
`
`of 4".diameter,
`
`to convey
`
`507 Eixture
`
`units
`
`and there
`
`could
`
`not
`
`be enough
`
`volume
`
`of potable
`
`water
`
`going
`
`to the fixtures·above
`
`6"
`
`the
`
`waste
`
`line
`
`to cause
`
`a flow:rate
`
`of 3,792.3:6
`
`gallons
`
`iper minute.
`
`..
`
`17.
`
`Additionally,
`
`I strongly
`
`d
`
`agree
`
`with
`
`Mr.
`
`Parkin.that
`
`the.hotel
`
`did."not
`
`have-free
`
`access
`
`to these
`
`areas within
`
`the
`
`Diner"
`
`or
`
`that·clean
`
`out
`
`cap was
`
`"not
`
`observable"
`
`to it.
`
`(See:Parkin
`
`Affidavit
`
`atparagraphs
`
`8-9).
`
`As I reviywed
`
`documents
`
`provided
`
`to me,
`
`nothing
`
`prevented
`
`the hotel
`
`such
`
`access
`
`and,
`
`hotel
`.
`
`reserved.a
`.
`
`"right
`
`to
`
`.
`
`m-enter"
`
`the kitchen
`..
`
`in the lease
`
`from;;:Éfng
`.
`
`.
`
`notably;the
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`with
`
`the
`
`diner.
`
`. The
`
`fact
`
`s that
`
`the
`
`hotel
`
`had..access
`
`to that
`
`area
`
`and
`
`it.should
`
`have
`
`periodically
`
`inspected
`
`and
`
`sciviced
`
`it,
`
`including
`
`clean-outs,
`
`to say nothing
`
`of using
`
`a proper·cap
`
`or plug.
`
`18.
`
`All
`
`of
`
`the
`
`opiñiöns
`
`and
`
`cénclusions;
`
`stated
`
`in this
`
`affidavit
`
`are based
`
`upon
`
`a
`
`reasonable
`
`degree
`. ..
`
`of
`
`certainty
`.
`..
`
`and
`
`in accordance
`
`with
`
`.
`
`accepted
`.
`
`plumb.
`
`.
`
`ces,
`
`.
`
`SÚvorn
`
`to befor)e m
`ay of
`ly,
`
`i
`Ó /
`
`Notary
`
`Public
`
`.
`
`EDWARD
`
`TIEÒER
`.
`
`.
`
`. SVLYfel
`P MILSTEIN
`of New York
`State
`Public,
`No. 02Ml6012611
`.
`Qualified
`in New York County
`CommissfOn
`Expires.August
`31, 20-
`
`Notary
`
`-6-
`
`