an-ucnnou no.
`
`'-3'27 —'~-
`
`.~
`
`Anonnev nocne-: no.
`|jg,31;_:,/n,4;3L-"31
`
`[tn
`
` W
`K e‘\
`UNITED S1. .
`DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`R
`Patent and Trademark Office
`Address: COMMISSIONER or PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
`Washington. no. 20231
`
`‘hm U
`
`_
`‘J-’-'
`
`|=u.ma we
`|..|-‘5r’1E»./$4‘?
`
`rsnsr nmeo INVENTOF!
`|.'n]'.V.*I-KRLRR
`
`'— F-"IE¢H mun» RIIZIHARII-SCIN
`S.iUIT'E :L4u:n::
`EXEIZILITIVE SIEJIJARE
`LA .JI,‘_IL.|...A CIA ':'»';'EIII37
`
`Lm-m-:-as
`
`_'
`
`1,-.,»_,,;-FR 5,.
`'
`‘
`’
`
`-_-‘-73,:-,
`DATE MA"-E03
`
`5
`1:2! / 05/ 93
`
`Please flnd below and/or attached an Office communlcatlon concerning this appllcatlon or
`proceeding.
`
`comnllulonor of Patents and Trademarks
`
`wro-ooc (nu. 2/95)
`
`1, F", cm
`
`ERICS SON EXHIBIT 1019
`
`

`
`
`
`Divnlar at ol.
`Group Art Unit
`
`
`
`
`iliiiiiil
`
`Application No.
`Appilcantlsi
`
`08/857,021
`Exam inor
`
`
`
`Stephan Baker
`
`Office Action Summary
`
`Ci Responsive to communicationis) filed on
`
`El This action is FINAL.
`
`D Since this application is in condition for allowance except for formal matters, prosecution is to the merits is closed
`in accordance with the practice under Ex parre Ouayle, 1935 C.D. 11; 453 O.G. 213.
`A shortened statutory period for response to this action is set to expire
`three monthisi, or thirty days, whichever
`is longer, from the mailing date of this communication. Failure to respond within the period for response will cause the
`application to become abandoned.
`(35 U.S.C. § 133). Extensions of time may be obtained under the provisions of
`37 CFR1.136lai.
`
`Disposition of Claims
`
`IX] Claimisi 1-74
`
`of the above, claimis)
`
`El Claimis)
`
`IX Claimisi 1-55, 58, and 60-74
`
`IX! Claimis) 56, 57, and 59
`
`Cl Claims
`
`is/are pending in the application.
`
`is/are withdrawn from consideration.
`
`is/are allowed.
`
`is/are rejected.
`
`is/are objected to.
`
`are subject to restriction or election requirement.
`
`Application Papers
`[Xi See the attached Notice of Draftsperson's Patent Drawing Review, PTO-948.
`CI The drawingis) filed on
`is/are obiected to by the Examiner.
`
`D The proposed drawing correction, filed on
`Ci The specification is obiected to by the Examiner.
`CI The oath or declaration is objected to by the Examiner.
`
`is
`
`Ehpproved
`
`flisapproved.
`
`Priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119
`CI Acknowledgement is made of a claim for foreign priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a)-id).
`D All
`[:1 Some’
`l:lNone
`of the CERTIFIED copies of the priority documents have been
`D received.
`
`El received in Application No. (Series Code/Serial Number)
`E] received in this national stage application from the international Bureau (PCT Rule 17.2lai).
`‘Certified copies not received:
`
`I: Acknowledgement is made of a claim fo_r domestic priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(ei.
`
`Attachmentis)
`W Notice of References Cited, PTO-892
`M information Disclosure Statementisi, PTO-1449, Paper Noisi.
`1:] Interview Summary, PTO-413
`N Notice of, Draftsperson's Patent Drawing Review, PTO-948
`D Notice of Informal Patent Application. PTO-152
`
`4
`
`--- SEE OFFICE ACTION ON THE FOLLOWING PAGES --
`U. 3. Patent and Trademark Onion
`PTO-326 (Rev. 9-95)
`
`Offlce Action Summary
`
`Part of Paper No.
`
`
`
`
`
`5
`
`

`
`
`
`Serial Number: O8/857,021
`
`Art Unit: 2786
`
`Page 2
`
`DETAILED ACTION
`
`Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102
`
`1.
`
`The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the
`
`basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action:
`
`A person shall be entitled to a patent unless --
`
`(b) the invention was patented or described in a printed publication in this or a foreign country or in public use or
`on sale in this country, more than one year prior to the date of application for patent in the United States.
`
`(e) the invention was described in a patent ganted on an application for patent by another filed in the United
`States before the invention thereof by the applicant for patent, or on an international application by another who
`has fulfilled the requirements of paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of section 37l© of this title before the invention
`thereof by the applicant for patent.
`
`Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102
`
`2.
`
`Claims 13-17, 23, 24, 60 and 61 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(b) as being anticipated
`
`by Le Goff et al., "Turbo-Codes and High Spectral Efliciency Modulation" ("Le Goff").
`
`Fig. 1 of Le Gofl‘ shows a standard rate 1/3 turbo encoder, including a "first systematic
`
`convolutional encoder" (C1), an interleaver, and a "next systematic convolutional encoder" (C2).
`
`Fig. 3 shows the association of a turbo encoder with a multilevel modulation. Although Le Goffs
`
`coding is contrasted with conventional TCM, it is actually another form of TCM.
`
`Regarding claims 13-17, the "systematic" encoders for C1 and C2 collectively provide a
`
`single ‘/2 rate encoder (see Lee). Le Goff apparently refers to the encoders for C1 and C2 as
`
`"systematic" as their outputs are accompanied by the original data input d.
`
`

`
`Serial Number: 08/857,021
`
`Art Unit: 2786
`
`3.
`
`Claims 1-17, 23-54 and 60-74 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(b) as being anticipated by
`
`Divsalar et al., "Multiple Turbo Codes" ("Divsalar").
`
`Regarding claims 1-17, 23-26, 38-54 and 60-63, reference is hereby made to an example
`
`of turbo TCM shown in Fig. 7, which shows a "first" and a "next" "systematic convolutional
`
`encoder", both with a rate of ‘/2. Inputs u, and u; are "original data elements", collectively.
`
`Elements 11:1 and 1:, provide "at least one inter1eaver". Each encoder generates a "series of coded
`
`output elements" on a pair of parallel outputs. A 16 QAM mapper performs "multilevel"
`
`modulation. The inputs u, and u, are not added to the "coded output elements" beyond the extent
`
`necessary to make each "systematic convolutional encoder" truly systematic, as all systematic
`
`codes include the data input to the encoder. For decoding, the turbo decoding structure for two
`
`codes discussed in section V1 is used for "generating the original digital data elements" from the
`
`output of a demodulator.
`
`Further regarding claims 1-6, 8, 38-43, 45 and 50-54, during termination of the trellis, the
`
`switches are set to position B and no original data is output.
`
`Further regarding claims 6-12, 25, 26, 43-49, 62 and 63, u, and u, can each be considered
`
`to be a separate "source".
`
`Further regarding claims 13-17 and 50-54 each rate ‘/2 "encoder" shown in Fig. 7 can be
`
`considered to be half of a complete rate 1/4 "encoder".
`
`

`
`Serial Number: 08/857,021
`
`Art Unit: 2786
`
`
`
`‘Further regarding claims 7, 13-17, 23, 24, 44, 60 and 61, before termination of the trellis,
`
`the switches are set to position A, and the "original data elements" are included in the "series
`
`coded output elements".
`
`‘Regarding claims 27 and 64, reference is hereby made to Fig. 2, Eqn. 2 and the discussion
`
`of "Trellis Termination" bridging pages 281-282.
`
`Regarding claims 28-31 and 65-68, reference is hereby made to the decoder that is shown
`
`in Fig. 5.
`
`Regarding claims 32-37 and 69-74, the three units (MAP or SOVA) can be considered
`
`collectively to provide a single "probability-based decoder".
`
`4.
`
`Claims 18-22 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(b) as being anticipated by Fazel et al.,
`
`"Combined Multilevel 'I_‘urbo-Code with 8PSK Modulation", ("Fazel").
`
`Fig. 1 shows the encoder and multilevel modulator. The "first encoder" is a Reed-
`
`Solomon encoder. Decoding is discussed in section 3.
`
`5.
`
`Claims 6, 7, 9, 11-14, 16-19, 21, 22, 43, 44, 46, 48 and 49 are rejected under 35
`
`U.S.C. l02(e) as being anticipated by U.S. Patent No. 5,734,962 to I-Iladik et al (“I-Iladik ‘962).
`
`Fig. 3 of I-Iladik ‘962 shows a system for error correction coding. Parallel concatenenated
`
`recursive systematic (col. 2, lines 20-22) convolutional codes (ENCODER 1, INTERLEAVER 1-
`
`ENCODER 2, etc.) are provided. The input data are short data blocks that are typical of packet
`
`transmissions, credit card transactions and compressed voice communications (col. 2, lines 36-
`
`38), and thus originate from "a plurality of sources" (Fig. 3). Frequency-hopping spread-
`
`

`
`Serial Number: 08/857,021
`
`Art Unit: 2786
`
`
`
`spectrum (col. 3, lines 38-3 9) provides "multilevel modulation", similar to 1V[PSK. Fig. 4 shows
`
`the decoder.
`
`Further regarding claims 6, 7, 9, 11-14, 16, 17, 43, 44, 46, 48 and 49, mode 1 ofthe
`
`encoder provides parallel concatenated convolutional coding without the outer code.
`
`Further regarding claims 13, 14, 16 and 17, a plurality of the inner encoders (ENCODER
`
`1, ENCODER 2, etc. can be considered collectively to provide a single, lower rate, encoder.
`
`Further regarding claims 18, 19, 21 and 22, in mode 2, the "first encoder" (OUTER
`
`CODE ENCODER) is used
`
`Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
`
`6.
`
`The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 (a) which forms the basis for all obviousness
`
`rejections set forth in this Ofiice action:
`
`(a) A patent may not be obtained though the invention is not identically disclosed or described as set forth in
`section 102 of this title. ifthc differences between the subject matter sought to be patented and the prior art are
`such that the subject matter as 1! whole would have been obvious at the time the invention was made to a person
`lmving ordinary skill in the art In which said subject matter pertains. Patentability shall not be negatived by the
`manner in which the invention was made.
`
`7.
`
`Claim 55 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 (a) as being unpatentable over Thitimajshima,
`
`"Recursive Systematic Convolutional Codes and Application to Parallel Concatenation".
`
`Thitimajshima discloses parallel concatenated systematic convolutional codes, where one
`
`code is interleaved. Thitimajshima mentions serial concatenation as an alternative to parallel
`
`concatenation, although serial concatenation is discouraged.
`
`

`
`Serial Number: O8/857,021
`
`Art Unit: 2786
`
`
`
`8.
`
`Claim 58 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103(a) as being unpatentable over Thitimajshima as
`
`applied to claim 55 above, and further in view of Siala et al "An Iterative Decoding Scheme for
`
`Serially Concatenated Convolutional Codes" ("Siala").
`
`Thitimajshima does not disclose decoding for the serial concatenated codes.
`
`Siala discloses SOVA decoding for serially concatenated convolutional codes. It would
`
`have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made
`
`to apply Siala's decoding to the serially concatenated code mentioned by Thitimajshima. Such an
`
`application would have been obvious because Siala's decoding is applicable to concatenated
`
`convolutional codes in general.
`
`Allowable Subject Matter
`
`9.
`
`Claims 56, 57 and 59 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but
`
`would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base
`
`claim and any intervening claims.
`
`Conclusion
`
`10.
`
`The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's
`
`disclosure.
`
`

`
`
`
`Serial Number: 08/857,021
`
`Art Unit: 2786
`
`Page 7
`
`11.
`
`Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications‘ from the examiner
`
`should be directed to Stephen Baker whose telephone number is (703) 305-9681. The examiner
`
`can normally be reached on Mon.-Fri. from 9:30 AM to 5:30 PM.
`
`If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessfiil, the examiner's supervisor,
`
`Reba Elmore, can be reached on (703) 305-9706. The fax phone number for the organization
`
`where this application or proceeding is assigned is (703) 305-9724.
`
`Any inquiry of a general nature or relating to the status of this application or proceeding
`
`should be directed to the receptionist whose telephone number is (703) 305-3 800.
`
`SMB
`
`September 25, 1998
`
`3-
`
`stevumm. BAKER
`PRIMARY EXAMINER
`
`

`
`
`
`Applicantisi
`
`Application No.
`08/857,021
`Examiner
`
`
`
`Notice of References Cited
`
`Dlvular at al.
`Group An Uni!
`
`
`
`_21en_§" .-
`
`cuss
`
`suncuss
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DOCUMENT N0.
`5,233,629
`5,448,747
`5,721,745
`5,729,560
`
`5,734,962
`
`I 3
`
`DT
`
`Stephan Baker
`
`u.s. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`NAME
`Paik et al.
`Berrou
`Hiadik at al.
`Hagenauer et al.
`
`Hladik et al.
`
`H
`
`DATE
`8/1993
`8/1 995
`2/1998
`3/1998 L
`
`3/1998
`
`|
`
`li
`
`_i_
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`COUNTRY
`-I
`
`DOCUMENT NO.
`
`DATE
`
`
`11/1989
`
`
`
`5/1993
`
`
`
`NON-PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`DOCUMENT llrldutinn Author, Trllo, Sauna. and Fnnlnlnt Plfilfl
`
`
`
`'
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`I Hagennuor at al.. “A Viterbi Algorithm wi1h Snft~DsI:ision Outputs and its Applicrnlons". GLDBECOM '33.
`pp. 411.1-47.1.7.
`
`U
`
`Borrou et el., "Near Shannon Limit Error-Correcting Coding and Decoding: TurI:o~Bodos'. [CC '93, pp.
`1064-1070.
`
`,,
`
`Le Goff at al., ‘Turbo-Eodas and High 3poc1roiE!liclancy Modulation’, ICC '94, pp. 645-849.
`
`Haganauar at am. ‘Decoding "Turlao;-Codes with the Soft Output Viterlai Algorithm ISOVM", 1594
`international Symposium on Information Theory, p. 164.
`
`X
`
`U. S. Patent and Trademark Oflicn
`
`PTO-892 (Rev. 9-95)
`
`Notlce of References Cited
`
`Part of Paper No.
`
`5
`
`

`
`
`
`Appllcuuu-‘I
`
`
`
`Application No.
`Divular at al.
`08/867,021
`
`Exa miner
`Group Art Unit
`
`P300 2 0" 3
`
`
`Stephen Baku
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`Notice of References Cited
`
`
`
`DOCUMENT No.
`
`DATE
`
`NAME
`
`_
`
`_
`
`_
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`DATE
`
`COUNTRY
`
`
`
`DOCUMENT N0.
`
`_
`
`_
`
`'
`
`iI
`
`NON-PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`DOCUMENT (Including Author. Tiflo. Sauna. Ind Poninom Plan)
`
`Anderson, "'TurIm‘ Coding lar Deep Space Applications". 1895 lnternerlnnnl Symposium on infermatlun
`Theory, p. 36.
`
`_§ialn et ai.. "An Itaratiye Decoding Saiinme f-or Suriallv Concatenated Commiulfanal 63:39-, 1995
`International Symposium on Information Theory. p. 473.
`
`Fml et al.. "Curnbined Multilevel Turbo-Coda with BPSK MuduintinrI'. GLbEé'i:'é‘n}I '95. pp. 549-552.
`
`Thitimniahlrrmf ‘Recursive Systematic Cunvolutiunnl Codes a':;ic'i"i5Lppiinatiun to Parallel‘Cm1E:etnnetinn".
`X GLOBECOM '95. pp. 2267-2272.
`
`Part of Paper No.
`
`5
`
`U. S. Patent And Trademark Oiliu
`
`PTO-892 (Rev. 9-95)
`
`Notice of References Cited
`
`
`
`
`
`9/1995
`
`9/1995
`
`11/1995
`
`11/1995
`
`A B
`
`1
`
`_ C
`D
`
`E F ‘
`
`‘ IH
`
`I J
`
`K L
`
`M
`
`
`
`U
`
`V
`
`

`
`
`
` Appllcetlon No.
`08/857,021
`Examlner
`
`Appllcanfls)
`
`Stephen Bnkor
`u.s. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`
`
`Notice of References Cited
`
`
`
`«
`I
`[ -
`
`|
`
`l
`
`N
`
`0
`
`I.‘
`
`8 T
`
`I
`
`U
`
`Divular et ul.
`Group Art Uni:
`
`
`
`
`
`
`SUBCLRSB
`
`SUBCLASS
`
`|
`
`4 A
`
`!
`
`nocuusurN0.
`
`DATE +
`
`NAME
`
`I
`__J
`—.
`
`f
`
`DOCUMENTN0.
`
`DATE
`
`r
`J
`.
`
`1_
`I
`
`I
`
`F
`ll-
`
`[
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`COUNTRY
`
`
`
`NON-PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`DOCUMEIT (Including Author, 1111-, source. and Pertinent Place)
`Hagennuer et nl.. “lternlive Decoding of Binary Block and Convnluilonal Codes". IEEE Trans. on
`Information Theory, Vol. 42, No. 2, March 1996, pp. 429-445.
`
`Lee,
`
`'|3onvo1ut:'eneI Coding: Fu1'1demen1.1le and Applfmitinne“. Artech House, 1997, p. 33.
`
`10/1997
`
`U. 5 Palm: Ind Trudarnavk Ollie:
`
`PTO-892 (Rev. 9-95)
`
`Notice of References Clted
`
`Part of Paper No.
`
`5