Pefifioner
`
`Eficssonlnc.and
`
`Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
`
`U.S. Patent No. 7,269,127
`
`|PR2014-01185
`
`October 21, 2015
`
`Andrew Lowes
`
`Clint Wilkins, Ph.D.
`
`

`
`Summary of Challenges
`
`Schmidl and Arslan
`
`Claims Challened
`1-3, 5
`
`17
`
`Schmidl, Arslan, and Kim
`
`4, 6-10
`
`Schmidl, Arslan, Kim, and
`Heiskala
`
`(Decision to Institute, p. 7)
`
`- Claim 1
`
`is the only independent claim
`
`

`
`Purported invention — directed to new preamble structures
`
`'|'i1u:n:1Lhr::- Llwri:
`
`is
`
`-'.l
`
`nu.-»:ti
`
`fur cm utiiL'is:t1i
`
`i's.‘,iitTI1'.I]s_‘:
`
`.~¢_-'t'ni:l1r::~nirntimi.
`r-ir|lI..:1lLr'-i.‘ [hut prm-“icit.-:.1imt:,;mcl i'rLt.[LLa:r1::g.-'
`».:.-:lirr1:itinnn1'p;1r:iI‘n-::1i:rH .-:11~.*:h :1.-a n:*.-'L.-ti: ‘=.':iri:iI1»::i: :1n::i r:h:1nnu:I
`
`1~a1'aaIt1-:3 i.‘.I":i.‘I
`
`lclili;11
`
`rm ,-E“I.T-‘H
`
`1-r"r]L:']'|]
`
`ll:-Ii.‘-2.1
`1.:-ii
`
`ii
`1 I‘*-1T"-.I'.”.:I
`um
`l
`
`T"».rT]'_"-r'T|L".|' Lt:-tL111IIrII'u:::Iiit:-H !'*i:';.".‘“i1Ii_‘|'lII.‘-in
`
`I‘-31.'i'Ir’[l'-»*I_‘t]+?.‘i’
`
`iii]-'
`
`l][|:f [i'~l"»:'|-CH" J
`
`[iJ_“*J
`
`in-r F-.urm"1»:i1nL_:
`:1l:;}-'_«':l»:tn
`1m;n_=n11r.*:-n prwi-"uric;
`inn: prc.~;»:|1i
`1|
`c|iI::1e:n1 M
`J'|§_‘:E1|TTI|I'J]|..T ':E=1t‘1iI.I‘11.|I'-=..‘:-‘~
`tu.1r1J:;c in .~:1ng]::—1n}"uL1t-
`.«:1ng]i:—
`cuiipini
`[_F.]F.l."J:I
`:i11c.l niuiii-'LJ1pL1i. 11IIL1Ii-nL1i]'m1 Ifr"t"”T"r'1:':t-T3)]ElJ[]l-
`I‘rnLniu.-;L1ir:n :~.';.'.*-.1<_‘rI‘i:-~. Hrir.‘-113," tic.-usriit-ml.
`-‘sum: mnhmliliic-m L-1'
`
`(127 patent’3:13_24’Cited
`in Petition for|PR. p. 3)
`
`‘-'6,’
`‘i
`
`?8,l
`
`'u
`
`.76.‘
`
`‘I
`
`ANTENNA Q
`
`.
`
`i
`:6
`
`.
`
`I
`
`_
`
`N1
`
`I
`
`.
`I
`|
`,
`1
`.
`.
`-.:n
`E:‘.:i%.JL"
`!4—T.:W.N E6 +
`__ ..4.\r-. M<3_,_.
`;.v.\.-EL,-_
`-
`E.'.']'.,_.rE3_
`E.-4
`4———
`E
`'
`-
`+-T FR'E.1-J'w.'-ELF 5.‘.-1LJCTo':E --——-:-——+
`
`'38,,‘
`'
`, | 7
`G: N,
`-.6
`N,
`G
`N
`i
`i
`
`.75‘
`
`'.
`
`.'
`
`.
`
`-3
`
`‘, 52
`I-
`‘ ‘“‘—“—‘
`N
`
`as
`
`*1
`
`F DATA S‘-''€E>3L-— «-
`_
`GE‘
`
`arr. STRJL'.‘,,F‘.E
`'“
`F2413-.‘d'.
`‘:2
`
`

`
`Claim 1 —Disputed Elements
`
`11'1111111111111:r 111' 11
`.11
`1.
`1111111:r 1;1111111'1.-111111:
`
`1.'1111111111111c11111.111 H}-'11'[1=111.
`
`the 11111111-
`
`
`1111
`11111111111131’
`111111-'111g_1
`11
`1111111.-'11’11111111g.
`1111-'11111111 1115131111. 1111:
`'.
`11111111-' 111'11'1t11 '~11'1'111'~11'1'1
`
` Disputed elements
`
`111111
`1111111111
`1111111
`111111
`.~1'1'11111111:-1.
`11j1'11111111~a 1111:1111 11111 1111111
`1111111111:
`
`[11
`
`1111111111111:
`
`1111111111111
`
`:11 11311111 11111: 11111-11111111111. 1:111:11 111111111111111111111111151 1111 1111.-131111:
`1'11:-l|..‘11'-1_"1|..1 11111111111‘ 11111111111111 1:'|'1'}1-'11")
`.~1111;_=I_.1_'
`111111
`:1 111111111:
`1111:1111
`111111111111.
`11111:11
`1111111111111111
`1111111111111111
`11
`11111111:
`11111111111111 1*1111111r11a111;1_ 11
`11111111111111‘ 11111511111:
`111111
`11
`1111111
`11111111111111.
`1111.1
`1'1:1111111]1.1
`1111111111111:
`1111111
`1'1.1'111u
`111
`11111111
`
`111111 111111111111 113111111111 111111 11111111111111111111 111111111111 1111111111111
`111111
`11:11:11
`
`111
`
`11111:
`
`1111111111111
`
`1111111111111.
`
`1:111'11
`
`1111111111111
`
`1111111111111
`
`
`
`1:111'1'1:::p11111J111;1_ 111
`111111111111111r.
`1:111:11
`
`11111111
`11111: 111 1111: 111
`11 1'1:::11111:1111-'1:
`1111111111111
`1111111111111
`1r1111.11111111111u
`
`111111
`1111*
`
`111111111 1111: 1:11r1'11:1p11111111111 111111111-
`111111111: 1111'111-111r1- 1111111111
`'
`'
`-
`'-
`-'
`111111r.1=1-
`-
`'
`
`
`p,-eamb|e
`that
`Um-ebutted
`Structure including enhanced
`training symbol
`is disclosed
`by prior art
`
`(Petitioner Reply, p. 1)
`
`

`
`Frequency Domain and Time Domain
`
`1:.
`
`.__I
`
`III‘.
`1 1 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
`
`I
`
`frequency
`dnmaln
`
`II-I
`
`I:-:I_Ix
`
`..
`DATA
`5I;;II_IpII;E
`
`'.‘I.'~-..I
`
`-
`-
`:'tI--III-.'.'IIFI
`I.-.I:*.-:II'.II'.r«t
`
`.
`
`I
`
`I.
`I
`
`I:.~Ic-:3-I:r-I
`2-II---.__
`
`-
`R.'I-'.'.IF!-.’:II
`II'.|'I.II-I'I"IIII-If
`
`_
`
`_
`
`.
`I_I
`
`-I-'3' -..I
`1
`-
`FIF'.I'I:'!!' TI|.I.=
`I-'5-I-.’][:! 55:19
`_
`I_
`I" II£I':I ' 'I"I D
`I
`.-*’*"I
`' ' '
`_.'..1.1
`-'
`-
`.. -'
`..’_ 3. —j.—.. .—Ij .
`.
`,-I
`HI.
`I
`'*
`
`.
`I1:_I__
`
`-I-‘I
`
`'I'I"II
`
`.
`-
`
`:
`
`.
`‘I
`
`-I
`
`.
`.
`.
`. :31.
`I
`:-
`II‘.-_-._I-.-—
`I
`
`'4
`I‘
`'
`I.
`
`.
`
`I'll (J I‘
`.
`.
`.
`'I!'I'.--IIIIINIZ .
`I.*r!.:':I
`5
`'
`III:-IIIIIIIIIER1-ER
`'
`
`-12.1
`
`‘III I I
`~
`n
`.
`4
`«I.
`“I ~.
`‘
`:
`.-.3 o -‘I
`
`I
`
`FIG. 2
`
`I
`I
`
`.
`Ilme
`dnmaln
`
`,
`
`:4
`
`I-/
`
`'
`
`I
`
`I2‘-I-'-:';|_It:
`I'H|:I-I};
`,
`_
`Ia5I:mI_r-I
`I
`-
`'
`-III1
`‘I
`,- ~- LA
`.I_II
`I_
`
`I
`
`II
`
`=.II:J:uI.;.I'~.1-:.'uII
`
`I
`-
`_.
`
`F
`
`Ia:-I-r
`
`.-
`I-|
`II?
`-
`
`IIIIIII"~.
`-
`
`I
`
`..
`r:-I-r
`_ __I_I_
`II I
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`.
`— |.'JI‘I=II
`-IJs.n:IL_IaI1-:_II-II
`
`.9?
`
`*
`I
`
`1-
`
`5I_'I
`
`__ __I'"_
`I:II'_F'II-II
`r:_.-
`-"I
`" _
`Arm: I FI
`I
`I-"I
`
`'
`‘
`II.-I-FIIIIILLLL
`I:-:1: as R|I".|
`.
`.
`-I*'II*'K
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`|
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`-
`‘(III
`II
`.
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`I
`I
`FIG. 3
`I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ J
`
`I
`
`'
`
`(P0 Response, p. 15, combines
`’127 patent, Figs. 2 and 3)
`
`

`
`Positions regarding claim term “insert pilot symbols into data blocks”
`
`Pefifioner
`
`- Claim term does encompass embodiments that result in a separate
`
`(Remy, p_9)
`
`OFDM pilot symbol in the time domain (reasons provided in next slides)
`
`Patent Owner
`
`“Petitioner’s construction would include an OFDM symbol inserted between data symbols, rather than frequency domain samples inserted into data blocks.”
`
`“Since pilot symbols are periodically placed Within data blocks in the frequency (Pre“m_
`domain, and are not ‘continuous sections of symbols’ in the time domain like
`
`Resp. p. 17) training blocks (id. at 7:30-31) ...”
`
`6
`
`“Pilot symbols are not placed on every sub-channel: but instead are
`‘intermittently inserted into the data symbols’ (’ 127 patent, 11:45-46) to refine
`
`

`
`Entire frequency-domain block could be filled with pilots
`
`data 'S'jl'llIJOi5 -if
`
`3‘,
`
`'
`
`A
`
`"
`
`_
`particular data block the way you've
`
`could be adjacent to one another in a
`
`Q.
`
`Is there a limit to how many bills Bk?-pflom
`
`represented it here?
`
`A.
`
`Only —— :'d say the only limitations
`
`here are put up by the cleverness of the
`
`implementer. Obviously, if you get to the
`
`point where you have the entire block filled
`
`with pilots‘ then it really has just become
`
`another training symbol and you probably have
`.C
`enough in_ormation to just reinitialize your
`
`transmission.
`
`(Hartogs Dep. Tr., 148110-21, cited in Petitioner Reply, p. 6)
`
`EMEflG“35«,
`
`-
`
`_ ..
`
`,
`
`H ,.,, 7
`
`if
`
`"-
`
`Frequency jo-
`
`HARTOGSFH1(}
`
`

`
`Petitioner’s expert illustrates embodiment consistent with claim 1
`
`Embodiment includes separate pilot symbols in time domain
`
`"data blocks»
`
`Pilc-tftraining
`
`symbol inserter
`
`Training
`
`Training
`
`symbols
`
`symbols
`
`'
`
`Data
`
`Pilot
`
`Data
`
`symbols
`
`blockz
`
`symbols
`
`bio-:l<3
`
`[training symbols and pilot symbols in frequency domain}
`
`\/
`
`“combine training symbols
`with the data blocks"
`
`"insert pilot symbols
`into data blocks”
`
`Training
`l3lDCl<
`
`Training
`E-l0Cl<
`
`{Time}
`
`{time
`
`Data
`bl0Cl< 1
`
`{time}
`
`Pilot
`block
`
`{time}
`
`Data
`block 2
`
`{time}
`
`pi|0t
`Block
`
`{time}
`
`Data
`block 3
`
`(time)
`
`Data
`block 1
`ltimel
`
`i Add cyclic prefix
`Pilgt
`:
`"
`
`.
`
`Pilot
`block
`[t'Ime}
`II —F-
`le.
`N,
`_
`,
`L4___J‘W_,E_:L_ _‘_q.:|.\%_,
`
`'
`
`'
`
`Date
`'f?lOCl'< 3
`{time}
`
`—
`
`‘T:
`I
`M
`ii
`.6
`._§j__:
`«— was-.*.'.=.:i-— +
`
`Annotated and
`modified
`F5 60f.m
`patent
`
`(Supp. Haas Decl.
`(ERIC-1036), 1112,
`
`

`
` ’127 patent disclosure regarding “pilot symbol”
`
`[A] Mody Provisional (U.S. Provisional App. 60/322,786,
`
`incorporated by reference in ’127 patent) ggggcibgwefvgaflonnserprgegimp.a4§»b:mn:;:»n
`
`Response to PO Motion for Observations, pp.
`2, 3, 6, 7, 10-15)
`
`’1
`
`patent’
`
`(7:26-34 cited in PO Response, pp. 9, 10 and 14 and Petition for
`IPR, p. 23; 7:26-39 cited in Response to Motion for Observations,
`pp. 8 and 10-11; 7:40-45 cited in Petitioner Reply, pp. 12-13; 7:47-
`50 cited in Response to Motion for Observations, pp. 9)
`
`’127 patent’ 11 ;44_47 and Fig_ 6
`
`(11:45—47 cited in PO Response, p. 9; 11:44-47 cited
`in Petitioner Reply, p. 7)
`
`

`
`[A] — Mody Provisional
`
`Mody Provisional (ERIC-1035) incorgorated by reference
`
`::I]'1p]i-::;L[i:,1-r1
`'|'hi.-.;i['1p]i::.;iii::":-i1ir-.r'-i:|;L|-i_11i1:">l:.5'¥L ‘fr-rm-1»i.=-:iLIJ1'rI.l
`cn11'1]c»:i "i-'.1‘|ici»-_*r1t
`l'r:1ining nnci H}'t1c]1niI1ir:1tinn ':~1::L111:_=I1c::
`§1I'1H:E1J1'+:.:«'
`tin‘ I‘+’I[T'vii”J 'l"l'T-T'JT"r'i.“ i1:.1‘»'iI1u 93:11‘.
`'.“~1U.
`-!’.~'W."'.-2E.7§’sf".~.
`_
`1
`_
`_
`_
`*_-r
`_
`Ella:-Li 55:11.
`I7- Eilfli , wiLII:h li-L ::1111r::l_j.'11:-::n1TI:I1‘:Lti:cii1u:r::Ini':-jg.‘
`
`r'u:I'u:mm:u.
`
`(’.127.pate”F.1‘14'17’
`cited In Petitioner
`Reply, p. 2)
`
`PO’s exgert never considered Mody Provisional
`
`Q.
`
`And you'll see at the Very top
`
`there's a section called "Cross—reference to
`
`Related Applications." You'll see there are a
`
`couple o: applications there.
`
`A.
`
`Q.
`
`ference.
`
`I do see that.
`
`And those are incorporated by
`
`A‘
`Q.
`
`Okay‘
`Did you review those documents?
`
`(Hartogs Dep. Tr., 21 :5—25,
`C”ed"7Pe“fi0nerRepWap-7)
`
`A.
`
`Oh,
`
`I'm sorry.
`
`I meant the second
`
`

`
`
`
`[A] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — Mody Provisional
`
`Mody Provisional discloses separate pilot symbols in time domain
`
`Mody Provisional
`
`i.‘iEj1.r“Ei'] demodulated Ciiiijiltei symtitil}. Piletsfithe form
`of I-ttitzuwit DFDM symbols are setit Fer at least Q Sf.-'i’!”°1-i
`ljel peritjtls {LETS} in order te ehteiii st unique solution
`for the :l:iaiiiie| eeeffielerit estimates.
`If Ll-is: pilots are
`Seiit for more fllfln Q symbol periods then we weilld
`ehtziiia :1 Least Squares {L5} solution at an expense ef
`21 larger eisettteed. The CIFDM :-‘.}'rr1l:II.‘;1I P-eriotj, is given
`by T5 = NT —§— TE where LIT is the sample rate trite
`the DFDM motltiliiter {hit rate for EFSK modulation}.
`
`Petitioner Expert
`
`OFDM iiiodiilatoit" ERIC-1035. p. 2. Since the pilot symbols are “l~:i10wi1 OFDM
`
`syiiibols." this implies that they are kiiowii to the ieceivei‘. do not coiltaiii any user
`
`data in the fi‘eq11e11cy Cl01]1Ell1L and contain only pilot syiiibols iu the frequeiicy
`
`
`
`(Mody Provisional (ERIC-
`1035), incorporated by
`reference into ’127 patent
`and cited in Petitioner
`
`Reply, p. 5)
`
`(Supp. Haas Dec|., 1] 6,
`cited in Petitioner Reply,
`lo. 5)
`
`

`
`[B] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — ’127 patent, 7:26-50
`
`:111'.11111.111'111 1111.11 111_1.~a1:r1'11[11'11111. 11.1 11.111:-'. 111
`'|'111_111.111111]‘11i1111111111:1~::1.
`11}-'1111:1-111.11.
`111'11111'1-11111111
`1111-1
`11111 11111111.-"1r11111111_1-1 1111111111111
`11111111111311 4111.
`1111111111
`1111.1
`111.111.1r11_111 11-;_11'11111i1;1111:1'
`111111 1111.1 1111111 1'.111.11:11.-1..
`'1'_11.-'[11-
`5111131‘, 1111111 .1-.:1'1'111:-1:-1.-1
`11111111 111:
`111.-1'1_11:‘11_111 111 11111.-' F11:-1111 11‘.11|11_111'11111
`1111111115.
`1111.1
`11111111
`1111111111114
`l11111:1'15
`1'1:11:r:1
`111
`11111.1
`111'
`11111111:
`1.:1.111111111111111 .111..11.;111111.11 111" 1-131'111111111.11 11111111-11111111-3.1111111.
`|1.~111.11-'1r111111-
`1-.11-11111111
`"111.-111111-.111
`=11}.
`'|'11:1i11'1111:-
`111111.111-1
`111-1.1
`11.-r1.11'1_11'11111|j.'
`11111111111211
`111111
`pr1111111|:1111
`.11il]'L|i_‘1L|I'L'11I-
`111
`11111
`1::11.1g111111i11g_
`11-1" 1111:
`1'1111111='.1.
`:~'1111111:1L11'1:11'
`111111
`11'1I1111111i111.1.11
`1111111: 111:1‘ 111111111:
`.11'11'111:1111'1.1.
`11111.1. 131111.111. 1r11111i11;-_1_111111:111111111111111111 1:111 1111111111111 111111111.1r 1111111111
`111' 11111
`':1ig11111 1.1111111111111111.
`11111111 1111'
`1111:
`111111111111 11.111
`111111 111' 1111.:
`111111111:
`:11rL11;1L1r1:11.
`I}1'1.1111t1|:111.111
`111111
`11111111111111:
`11111111111111-1:51
`111111:
`.11}-111111:-111
`:111111:111r1_1.~1 111111111111111"11'11111i1111 1111111111:
`1111111111111 :11 11111
`11111;g11111111g1_ 111' 11111 1111111111.
`1311111 11111r11|~;:111r1_11}-1111111111111 1r'1'111.1-:11'1i111_1r.111111111111111 1"111IL'1~:.1-1 111
`1:111i11r1111_11:i.1.1__ .~111'11-1:111'1111'1111_1j1 1111_11'1_1L11_1i11-"1111 1-11 111 1111: 1111111.11.111i111_11'
`1-1 1111
`11
`111111111
`-11.211111.
`'|'11'111'
`1':1I111'.11'11ti1.111.
`111'
`.1:11'111;11:r1.111i1-111111111.
`1.11:1.-11.-11111.11 11111111-_11'11111:
`'1-'11r_11-11111.1 11111111111 111' 1111- 1.1111-111111.-1 12.
`11111
`11111111111111.
`'1 1111111111; 1131111111115.
`11111.1-'c1.'1_111_
`11111.1
`1:.-1|;11'1:11|11;11 11111111 111
`]1.11.1'i111111.:1I11j1'
`11111111111111:
`1111.1.
`r1.11:1.1111'111'
`1-11 111 11111.
`111'111111'~1111111..111 14.
`'1'111_11r:1i11111;:1 .1111-'11111111~;
`1111111" 1'.11'_1111111_1111_1 1111' 1'_1111':11
`.11111'1—c111111111_11.
`1111111111111.-1111.
`11111111111111
`111.111.-1
`111'
`11111111211111
`11111111111111
`11111.11-"1111
`1:1.-11111
`-
`.
`111111.:1~'.11 1111111‘
`1111. 1111111-1111:-L1 1:111‘ 1111: 1111111.-'1r111t11111_1_ 5111111111 i11111:1‘11.:1'
`111111.-1.111-:1'111g_1
`1111 1111:
`11]11_111111111g_1, 1:ri11111111 111111111 1:11111111111111::1—
`
`1111
`
`111
`
`[B4]
`
`[B_2]
`
`(7:26-34 cited in P0 Response, pp. 9, 10 and
`__
`_
`_
`|1;::nd Petmonfo-NPR’9231712?-39 Cltedm
`ponse to Mot1on for Observat1ons, pp. 8
`and 10-11; 7:40-45 cited in Petitioner Reply,
`139- _12'133 7347'50 ‘fited 1” Re3P°”Se 10
`
`

`
`
`
`[B-1] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — ’127 patent, 7:26-39
`
`'|'hn:h:rI':1]“:iln1h1r.n:I~:::. :1:+11.~;u:»:i'1n thia:1u:m:rifntiatut1.r::t"u:J1~;1r.t-
`:~:.}-”n1li-nlrg prm'i-:1::».:1 Ea}-'
`that p'1]n1,-"1r;1'1nin_:_-2 :;3'J11l:w-l
`'Lt1.-:L:t'h:t' 4:3.
`:m::
`'LrL+;-i_:r[-i.'t1 1'5-a:rin:5|in:;;LH:y illtu 111::
`liH'[Fl hlwzsln-;_ T:..-'pi-
`':ihI1:~."‘-.'J'I"I}‘:a:“:-|r-;
`I‘T1a1‘I.*‘ h-L‘
`ill.--'n:_“'I:‘II:_"r.l £l[ ;LI1‘-."
`I‘:-"mt
`in 1|'lE'
`|.1i.|[:'L
`1:~ls:::.:l~'.5. Tilt:
`ILTLIL [r;:i11i111_=_
`l:I]Ln.:]~'.5
`11:1'I.:r:-5
`In mu: my 1t1ur:;:
`£.:u1I1i1ILII1L1&:
`::L.r::1i=;.~t1!:; L1f':-}r'1IL1'.~n.~]:4 ]'IImi«L1i.t~'.5| 1'23.’ 1h-';
`|':i]»;.~1-‘maili-
`lrlg .~.11-“itahnl
`"m.-mrl.-gr 46.
`'l'r::in1ing;
`hl»;‘.~::l~L~;
`-.:re;-
`f.~r.:-1'::r'-.Lh|j.'
`imusrlasii
`i111»u pruau11|:':lu:
`::il]'L|L‘1L|I'L".-5. Ell Lin:
`|c:~e.1;;'L1111i11g_
`-;:~1'1l1«;:
`1'r:1111-as 5-It'L|[.:1L||'l.:‘1' and E1':I|1-;|t1i1Iw':L1 IC_.'I]1l.,fl.," ru.:r ["1'a:t11::
`...‘1'1|'1.J-L‘|I1J]'Ii.‘.
`E lL1m:*.;'u:r. trctininga lulu.-.;];.:; 111113" ulsu ha: im;L:rtL.+»;1 in utlmr [‘I.'.lt't':-.
`':1'ig11'r.|l
`:~,1ruc;LLI1'e:ui.
`:~:.LI-U11 H24 H16.)
`Jllilij-!.l]L" ur I:-11d u;11'1l1«;:
`:.IrLIL;1LIrL:5.
`I*1'::aut1|::l::5
`I_'=;1ur
`}1rc:LI1111:n]u.:
`'::-11'L1u.:1LI1'='.::='I am:
`.4lnn:111n:.—: Yrs.-rmu:u.'i of [J'£lit]i|'I31 |*:|m:|«;s iI1.—:crtct1 :11 the
`lrcgitulitlg L11" thus i'ru111=.:.
`
`Pilot symbolsl
`pilot blocks
`
`Training symbolsl
`training blocks
`
`

`
`[B-2] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — ’127 patent, 7:40-45
`
`Piliii l‘ilu'.*.=i.‘,l-;.-: urn.‘ I"-.-'
`
`'in.;;Ll|'a;
`
`ir'e1n.-:mi[1i:u;l v».'ili'i r.LLi:i hliIL'l~:i-:
`
`i-'.‘.-
`
`12-13) ]'.~='.'.1'inn;lic.:aIll1-5 ::.alih1':.iic.1 il1n': r::e::i~.'L'.I' Hi In Il]L‘.‘It'd]]t-3-]]1llll..‘t' I4. «ii
`
`«in
`
`(F,7(:3(')‘|l]5e}r°:tReedp|';"pp_
`
`.-‘.1-.'J‘I-.’.3l‘IJ'I.‘IJ‘I'li-'-:._‘:| the li'L;"li.1|.;"l1'.-"Cl" H’: in the [|'{1i"l:-I-|"t‘iil[I._‘i'
`I.3£ilil‘.Ii'£l[I._‘ iii.-::..
`1-1 iii] a aiiiull
`31'L.I:'.ilL:.
`'|'lii~4 i'.'a]ii-.~r'aii»;.~|i. cur
`t;1i'11L:i1m1iir,—'iaiiii|I.
`'rLi_"I..'I:.‘!|ll|"ll.*1'
`iiur the iimu i-'.-ir}-'iJi_n n:iiIir.-.1 i:|'1|1.-_- eliimiicl ll iinr
`cisiinplc. Jrsnning H}-'iiihiiis_ iiuw.-‘ea'er_ are I}-'p1c:1|i}' 1i.~aei:'| in
`
`Petitioner’s Exgert — ’127, 7:40-45 imglies segarate gilot symbol in time domain
`
`ERIC‘-1001. 7:40-45. Training. SV111lZ)0lS are used for initial s ’11Cl1l‘O].1lZElti0].1 at the
`
`beginning of a t1‘a11sn1issio11. This is why. for example- nnlltiple training synibols
`
`are shown at the beginning of a t1‘a11s1nissio11 in Fig. 6 of tl1e ’127 patent. with the
`
`first one of the trailiing symbols being an “enhariced” training symbol, whereas for
`
`periodic calibratioli after initial syliclnonization as few as o11e pilot symbol i11 the
`
`time domain (from Illllllifile Eilot sgnbols in the f1‘E‘g[1El1CX dornain) rnav be used
`
` . The “small scale” referred to in the above passage from
`
`the ’127 patent
`
`is a small-time scale.
`
`By contrast,
`
`the training symbols
`
`(Suppl Haas Declq 1] 14’
`cited in Petitioner Reply,
`p 13)
`
`

`
`[C] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — ’127 patent, 11:44-47 and Fig. 6
`
`’127 patent supports discrete OFDM pilot symbols in the time domain
`
`(Petitioner Reply, p. 7)
`
`’127 atent—F|G.6
`
`artial
`
`?S
`°‘~.
`i
`
`
`'
`
`.76-
`
`I
`
`" .
`'8
`
`* '
`
`'.
`
`:6
`
`..
`
`N1
`
`GI N;
`
`.
`
`so
`0*
`'
`
`.'
`
`5
`
`2
`."’
`‘ ““‘—‘—‘
`
`G
`
`N
`
`as
`
`or
`
`ANTENNA Q
`f“‘r-' ‘"“‘**"“‘ *
`“‘“
`I
`.
`‘
`‘
`l-*'.G N;
`
`I
`I
`._.» _ _ _
`
`(3
`
`N
`
`'-
`‘ram: no
`I
`Ermwcas
`+__9_b_|r_‘, '46-“-4- SVl"_,E_C__ —r,
`3.--.-rI=5o_
`,
`:4
`-:——
`7
`-
`4-4 FR’E.3-J‘-.-'-ELF S.'.—'-ILJCTJ.-'=E --——-—-—+
`
`A
`_
`_
`Ba-T.-IEn'.\.;E:..L—— +
`2-£
`
`spin ETR-.1 :'.,F’.E
`mu:-.3-.w-.
`
`":2
`
`(Petition for IPR, p. 3, illustrates
`’127 patent, Fig. 6 (partial))
`
`’127 patent — pilot symbols “omitted from FIG. 6 for simplicity”
`
`positivo intogor. Although omittod from FIG. 6 for si111p1io—
`its
`ilot s «'111bo1s 111a}! also be i11tor111itto11t1}—' i11scrtod into tho 45
`data sf,-'t11bo«Is 80 h}-'tI1o pilot.-"traini11g s},«'mboI insortor 46, as
`
`disotissod abovo.
`
`(’127 patent, 11:44-47, cited in
`
`

`
` [C] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — ’127 patent, 11:44-47 and Fig. 6
`
`PO’s expert does not know how pilot symbols would be shown in Fig. 6 of ’127 patent
`
`Q.
`
`Okay. Well,
`
`the patent states that
`
`the pilet eymbele are emitted frem figure 6 for
`
`simplicity.
`
`Hew wenld ene repreeent pilet
`
`symbols in figure 6 if ene wished te de en?
`
`A.
`
`I den't knew.
`
`Q.
`
`Cenld yen represent a pilet eymbel
`
`in
`
`figure 6?
`
`R.
`
`Nething —— certainly, nething eemee
`
`te mind.
`
`I'd be willing te eeneider eemething
`
`(Hartogs Dep. Tr., 130211-19,
`cited in Petitioner Reply, p. 8)
`
`

`
`[C] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — ’127 patent, 11:44-47 and Fig. 6
`
`Petitioner Exgert Cross-Examination
`
`In —— in Column ll of —— of the ‘l2?
`
`patents —— patent in Line 44 to 47, "Although immediate
`
`from Figure 6 for simplioity, pilot symbols may also be
`
`intermittently inserted into data symbols
`
`{BU} by the
`
`pilot/training symbol inserter [46} as disoussed above."
`
`So if you take Figure 6 —— more preoisely,
`
`one frame of Figure 6, whioh is Number 68, one of the 68s,
`
`and modify it to —— not to omit the pilot symbols as
`
`Figure 6 does,
`
`then the result would be something similar
`
`to my bottom of Figure E.
`
`(Second Haas Dep. Tr. (Ex.
`
`

`
`[C] Disclosure regarding “pilot symbol” — ’127 patent, 11:44-47 and Fig. 6
`
`Petitioner’s expert illustrates OFDM pilot symbols in modified Fig. 6 of ’127 patent
`
`"5-i.
`__F
`
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`as
`
`"53
`
`I
`I
`i
`I
`
`- - e
`
`N
`
`=
`
`'
`I
`-~
`
`'
`ANTENNA Q
`F__—T__HE_-f__r_____-_____-__"—-_"j
`! G
`N
`<3
`N
`‘- -
`-
`
`
`I
`
`I
`
`'75».
`'
`
`-:3
`
`-
`
`|
`
`52
`
`_“"F——
`N
`
`_
`5.---mas-
`.
`F4
`-T?“
`‘—
`
`Fl?E.5-J’-i.-'-ELF ST'RLJCT._i.-'<.E
`E
`
`-
`--
`>_.__ :,,-_T_; E...-,.-.5;L__ +
`
`2-E
`3;"-."’.1"« ETR- C'..F‘.E
`.
`F34 ‘.3-.‘—J'.
`?-2
`
`_-
`
`53
`
`*’
`
`_
`,
`(127 patent’ Hg" 6’
`illustrated in, inter alia,
`.
`.
`Petition for IPR, p. 20
`and. Decision to
`Institute, p. 4)
`
`
`
`Annotated and modified Fi . 6 acoordin to Petitioner’s Ex ert
`
` .G
`
`jg
`
`N.
`
`by, HO.
`_?_4
`|'_s\ri_:_ig::L—‘
`we F'RFAMB'_F STRLICTL.-RF-T
`T3
`
`——=»
`
`,_ ,
`_
`,
`PILOT
`fi_
`_
`_ up
`PILOT
`I
`4-‘-_ "J" S\”""E'*'L‘"" "_sYivii30L_"""" “*7” 5”‘-~~L“‘_* ‘_sYivii30L—" "—_ “T“5j"‘3 L"_’
`
`_
`
`(Supp. Haas Dec|.,
`1112, cited in Petitioner
`Reply, p. 10
`
`

`
`[C] Petitioner’s expert illustrates an embodiment consistent with claim 1
`
`Illustrative example of how pilot symbols would appear in Fig. 6 of ’127 patent
`
`"data blocks»
`
`Data
`biockl
`
`Data
`blockz
`
`Data
`b|oci<3
`
`Pilotftraining
`
`symbol Inserter
`
`1!
`
`[training symbols and pilot symbols in frequency domain}
`
`Training
`
`Training
`
`Data
`
`Pilot
`
`Data
`
`Pilot
`
`Data
`
`symbols
`
`symbols
`
`block 1
`
`symbols
`
`bmck 2
`
`Svfnbols
`
`biock 3
`
`\
`“combine training symbols
`
`with the data blocks"
`
`Ki
`i
`"insert pilot symbols
`
`into data blocks»
`
`Training
`|3|DCk
`
`Training
`Block
`
`{Time}
`
`{time
`
`Data
`bi0Ci< 1
`
`{time}
`
`Pilot
`black
`
`{time}
`
`Data
`black 2
`
`{time}
`
`pi|0t
`Block
`
`{time}
`
`Data
`block 3
`
`(time)
`
`Data
`block 1
`itimei
`.
`-—._r==—..—;—.—_—;.——_—_——.
`- acl M,
`oi
`N
`i
`-_—-
`i.........__._,_..___:
`
`i Add cyclic prefix
`Pi|gt
`Daza
`bfock
`block 2
`[time}|
`I,'tii'n-5']
`
`_
`
`5
`
`N;
`
`G
`
`'
`
`»:
`-
`
`_
`
`.
`
`-
`
`.
`'
`
`::
`-.
`
`Annotated and
`modified
`Fig.6of'12T"
`patent
`
`(Supp. Haas Dec|.,
`
`

`
`Summary of prior art applied to claim 1 [l.0] A transmitter of a communication system, the transmitter comprising:
`
`Schmidl
`
`Schmidl + Arslan
`
`[l.l] an encoder having a pilot/training symbol inserter, the pilot/training
`sflbol inserter configured to insert pilot symbols into data blocks and to
`combine training symbols with the data blocks;
`
`Disputed
`elements
`
`1.2] at least one modulator,
`
`1 .2.1] each modulator having an inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT
`stage and a cyclic prefix inserter,
`
`[l.2.2] each modulator outputting a frame structure comprising a preamble
`structure and a data structure
`
`Schmidl
`
`Schmidl
`
`Schmidl
`
`[l.2.3] the preamble structure comprising at least one training symbol and
`
`Schmidl
`
`an enhanced training symbol;
`
`[1.3] and at least one transmit antenna,
`
`[l.3. 1] each transmit antenna corresponding to a respective one [of] the at
`least one modulator,
`
`[1.3.2] each transmit antenna transmitting the frame structure output from
`the corresponding modulator,
`
`[133] wherein the enhanced training symbol is a single symbol.
`
`Schmidl
`
`Schmidl
`
`Schmidl
`
`Schmidl
`
`

`
`
`
`Schmidl discloses an encoder, modulator, and antenna
`
`MODULATOR
`20
`25
`
`Baseband
`Data Bits
`_..U1 101
`\\12_
`
`FIG. 1 (Prior Art) (Annotated)
`
`SCh111idl°s OFDM t1'a11s111itte1‘ Co111p1ises a11 encoder that 1'eceix-‘es data bits as
`
`i11p11t and creates a seq11e11Ce of fi‘eque11cy-do111ain stlb-sy111bols to form a data fi'a111e
`
`i11c1udi11g a first t1'ai11i11g symbol a11d a second trainillg symbol that are co111bi11ed with
`
`1 (14) and 6. 1:42-49 a11d 1:63-67. For
`
`(Schmidl, Fig. 1
`(annotated), illustrated in
`Haas Decl. (ERIC-1009),
`11 47 and included in
`Petition for IPR, pp. 28
`and 31)
`
`(Petition for IPR, p.
`28)
`
`

`
`Schmidl discloses training symbol placement
`
`S3*mbU| Time
`
`Even-No. Freq.
`
`'”
`
`'
`
`'
`
`Symbol Number
`
`
`(Schmidl, Fig. 6,
`cited in Petition
`
`for IPR, p. 28
`and Decision to
`Institute, p. 10)
`
`OcId—No. Freq.
`
`-
`
`'
`
`15
`
`FIG. 6 illustrates the placement of a training seguence
`within a data flame and also illustrates the contents of the
`
`Training symbols 134 and 136 are preferzilrrly‘ placed at the
`beginning of Liata lrarnr:
`lfifl as shown in the figure.
`
`The preferred ernbodirnent also comprises a second
`OFDM training symbol 136,. which in the preferred e1nbodi- 45
`131161111 directly f0]lOWS fiISt OFDM training Sylfllbfll 134.
`Althougl_1 the two gbols need not be Elaced next to each
`other, doing so minimizes the effect of time variation of the
`
`é537°*;:‘:e“C’j'=i[:1=55'
`Dgcision to
`Institute, p. 10)
`
`(19;°*(‘:[‘t‘;<C1j'a_':2=16-
`Pe’mi'0nf(')r,PR’ p_
`
`12)
`
`(Schmidl 13:44_
`49, citedln petition
`for ‘PR’ P- 14)
`
`

`
`Schmidl — transmitted frame includes OFDM training symbols
`
`Cyclic
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Training
`
`transmitted data frame.
`
`l(14)) to encode
`Schmidl discloses an encoder (Fig.
`training symbols used to improve synchronization
`between an OFDM transmitter and an OFDM receiver.
`These
`training symbols
`are combined with data
`symbols
`(corresponding to
`“data blocks”)
`in a
`
`
`
`
`
`  
`
`Symbol Number
`
`symboi Type
`
`Training
`
`Training
`
`Even-No. Freq
`
`PN seq. 1
`
`PN Seq. 2
`
`Odd—No. Freq
`
`Zeroes
`
`PN Seq. 3
`
`E
`
`K132
`
`
`
`(Schmidl, Figs. 4 and 6, annotated as
`shown in Haas Dec|., 1143, cited in,
`inter alia, Petition for IPR, p. 7)
`
`(Haas Deer, p_44, Cited in
`P“""'°“f°"PR"°'28’
`
`

`
`Schmid|’s encoder creates and inserts training symbols
`
`16.
`
`Seh1uid1’s encoder 14 in Fig. 1 creates the t1'aiJ1i11g symbols: “ei11ee a
`
`2'” -my QAM etleeder 14 is used te etettte fl1'r5t OFDIX-=*I
`
`t1‘ai11i11g symbol 1134...“
`
`ERIC‘-1002. 13:16-18. This dESC1‘ip’[iO1t tegethe1*witht11e fi'eq11et1cy eeutetlts of the
`
`symbols in the t1‘tt11s.111itted f1'EI]i11E* in Fig. 6 i11fe1111 e POSA how the eueetiet 14
`
`C1'E::ttE5 the ttaihittg synlbels. A POSA would lttwe tlttdetsteod that the e11e0de1' 14
`
`uecessti1'ily i11ce1p0t'ates eitetlitty that ii1SE'1‘tS t1‘a1'1ti11g sylnbels in the freqtleuey
`
`de111ai11 sueht11et
`
`t1‘tti11it1_g sy111bels in the time d0t11ai11 a1‘ep1'edt1eed. T1115 eirettitly
`
`is an example of H Tfflillhlg syt11bo1i11se1te1'.
`
`(Supp. Haas Dec|., 11 16, cited in Petitioner Reply, p. 14)
`
`

`
`
`
`Arslan discloses frames that include both training symbols and pilot symbols
`
`FIG. 4 illustrates a frame structure which may be utilized
`with the present invention. As seen in FIG. 4, the frame
`includes a synchronizing portion 0 to A using training
`10 symbols, information portions B—C, F—G and J—K and pilot.
`portions D—E, H-1 and Y—Z. According to the present.
`invention, the pilot. portions are ]n];e[5persed between mien-
`mation portions so as t.o allow retraining ef the adaptjve
`channel estimator 30 during the frame. The synchronizing
`.
`.
`,
`,
`portion of the frame IS a series of predefined symbols, from
`0 to Ain FIG. 4, which are the same for each received frame.
`The information portion of the frame, from B to C, F to G
`and J to K, contains symbols which may vary from frame to
`frame and contain the information to be transmitted in the
`
`15
`
`frame. The pilot portions of the frame, from D to E, H to I
`and Y to Z,mm which may be used
`to retrain the adaptive channel estimator 30. As will be
`
`..
`.
`_
`_
`(Arslan, 6.7-21, cited In Petition
`for .pR, pp_ 14-15 and
`Petitioner Reply, pp. 15-16; 6:7-
`151°2”ed i“ De°iSi°” t° '”S“t”te'
`p'
`)
`
`
`
`F?
`
`(Arslan, Fig. 4, shown
`in Decision to Institute,
`
`

`
`
`
`5-H.-'11-
`F-3..t_‘.L]i.]Ii.l11LTL1.‘-3... E'§LIr:11 ti-.11a :-;:.:i:1i1u.1i1r:ur-; are Ltnntnmnlt.-' c::iiin.n;|
`:_'i1rt1r1['.r.iT1U .‘-it.‘-t
`l1L‘.l'1I:_'t:.‘-1' nr 1m1'r1[I1:'
`:-act 1Jt_ti]I2_'-'._'-1-in emit ':l]'t_'- 1:.-']1ii:eill_1.-'
`}TI1’LWiIflL."-i.| at
`1111:
`lwgiilitiitg uni"
`at
`i'r:1m:.: {if duet.
`|.’.'h:1nm.1l
`
`(Arslan, 1:55-59,
`cited in Petition for
`
`IPR, p. 15 and
`Petitioner Response,
`p. 16)
`
`Pilot symbols
`
`I’tii.‘.L1iTi.i|i| sigriai in pcrititiittali}-' rutraiiit it
`
`ii1raL;rLa:ti
`
`111 .21
`
`"I111: prcsauitt ii1m.:11titm tIti1i;r:t:.=, wilot swinl"m1r-;
`i'ramr.: of tlaiia in :1
`
`Synchronization
`
`tit‘
`~.i1':_iu:~:i.~;
`:Lt1-.| ultn.-I
`'l‘t1-..-.~'n.*
`III
`Ivy LI1i]i.*.i11g [i'l“||J[.‘»1”
`]1]'|!I'-.'it|I_'-ll
`11:.-r1':::-:11-’._'.'a]|1.'
`]'L‘[['£iIIiTII
`:I
`r.'h.'LtIr1n:]
`ir;1r_'l-;n:;r
`Imus
`in-:;
`.=-'.1»;r11»::t11':.~t11'.?.:_-it
`
`I l-zw.-' iifir
`
`urn..-
`in=.‘=.-ntiLii:1
`p1'u.*.~'.-..-111
`lt1i.-
`;|I1 i11['c.~‘r"I11;L[iIirI
`.‘-'~I.'-i||lI.‘||ILL' in
`I:!~'.1iTT1.l[-:!IF..
`'|'hIJ.=-:,
`:I
`r.'l'I;Lnr1n:]
`'|l!~L'ii1:_'
`:1
`.-'1'-,'r1r_'hr:ir1i.-*:I1im1
`
`(Arslan, 5:26-27,
`cited in Petitioner
`
`Response, p. 16)
`
`(Arslan, 3:1-6, cited
`in Haas Dec|., 1] 54
`and Petition for IPR,
`
`Training symbols and pilot symbols are inserted in a frame of data for synchronization
`
`Training symbols
`
`ir1|'nrrtI.:»i1iim ciaritaiitiuti
`wiI»:_']-:‘:.-2.:-1
`ilitihilt; niLl[-Li
`irmu-ricti
`1I¢;rii.~Ltit::i|l1_.-'
`
`In
`F.H'1r:r1,
`E-'.i_5_5J[1'.i1.
`ruuciwgti
`in tilt;
`lJ|._‘.1I|l_I|'...2!'5- air»:
`t-'.1|ti'IE-r'r] El':i[':l
`I-i.I._'-E
`:-.3.-'5-i1I.'-rI1:-:.._
`int-:1
`the 1r.'Lr1:-;rtIit1s;»'.i
`:ini'-'.irt1'1.'i1ii'.ur1
`
`_-:_-:
`
`

`
`Combination of Schmidl and Arslan
`
`Combination renders obvious claim 1’s “an encoder having a pilot/training symbol
`configured to insert pilot symbols into data blocks’’
`
`22. Arslan recognizes the benefit of including pilot symbols within the
`
`data trans111ission to inaintain calibration and sy11chro11ization. Accordingly.
`
`it
`
`would have been obvious to use pilot symbols in Schmidl’s system as separate
`
`time-domain symbols for tracking time Variations to calibrate or s nchronize the
`
`receiver to the transmitter b
`
`usino time-domain
`
`ilot s mbols. As discussed
`
`above, Schmidl discloses inserting at
`
`the beginning of data structures known
`
`symbols as training symbols for calibration and synchronization.
`
`It would have
`
`been obvious to create time-domain pilot symbols in Schmidl in the same manner
`
`as the time-domain training symbols are created in the Schmidl’s encoder — that is,
`
`by inserting blocks of known pilot symbols in the frequency domain t11at would
`
`result in time-domain pilot symbols. The same circuitry in Schmidl’s encoder l4
`
`used to insert training symbols would be used to insert pilot symbols, resulting in
`
`the claimed “pilot/training symbol inserter configured to insert
`
`ilot s mbols into
`
`(Supp. Haas Dec|., 11 22,
`
`

`
`Claim 17
`
`- Claim 1 recites:
`
`comprising:
`“a transmitter
`an encoder
`
`at least one modulator...
`
`at least one transmit antenna
`
`- Claim 17 adds:
`
`“wherein the number of modulators and the number of antennas is two
`
`- There is no dispute that the combination of references discloses two encoders,
`
`two modulators and two antennas.
`
`(P0 ReSP°“Se’ PP- 28-29)
`
`- Claim 17 depends from claim 1, and the dispute is over whether claim 1’s
`
`limitation of “an encoder” should be interpreted to require only a single
`
`encoder-_
`
`(Petitioner Reply, p. 19)
`
`

`
`Claim 17
`
`PO improperly reads limitations from specification into claim 17
`
`- PO improperly limits claim 1 to the embodiment of Fig. 1, which
`
`illustrates a single encoder coupled to multiple modulators
`
`(Petitioner Reply, p. 20)
`
`- “A particular embodiment appearing in the written description
`
`may not be read into a claim when the claim language is
`
`broader than the embodiment.” Superguide Corp. v. DirecTV
`
`Enterprises, lnc., 358 F.3d 870, 875 (Fed. Cir. 2004).
`
`(Petitioner Reply, p. 19)
`
`

`
`Claim 17
`
`- Claim 1 recites “a transmitter
`
`comprising: an encoder
`
`- “ ‘[C]omprising’ is a term of art used in claim language which
`
`means that the named elements are essential, but other
`
`elements may be added and still form a construct within the
`
`scope of the claim.’’ Genentech, Inc. \/. Chiron Corp., 112 F.3d
`
`495, 501 (Fed. Cir. 1997).
`
`(PetitiOner'Rep'y’p.20)
`
`

`
`Claim 17
`
`- PO argues that ‘‘claim 17’s single encoder [is] coupled to
`
`multiple modulators and respective transmit antennas...”
`(PO Response, p. 34)
`
`- However, claim 1 does not specify coupling between the
`
`encoder and the at least one modulator
`
`<PetitionerRepIv,p-20>
`
`- PO’s expert confirmed claim 17 does not specify coupling:
`
`Q.
`
`Does Claim 1 specifically, Claim l,
`
`the language of Claim 1, does that describe any
`
`connection or linkage between an encoder and
`
`a modulator.
`
`the modulators?
`
`A.
`
`I don't believe Claim 1 explicitly
`
`links the output of the encoder to the input of
`
`

`
`Claim 17
`
`Even PO’s expert recognizes that multiple encoders can be utilized
`
`Q.
`
`So is it now your testimony that
`
`there can be more than one encoder in the
`
`system claimed in Claim 1?
`
`A.
`
`Conceptually, you know, conceptually
`
`I'm going to do something that's
`
`going to scare the attorneys over on the le:
`
`side of the table.
`
`If there's more than one
`
`encoder,
`
`they have to have a conspiracy to
`
`function.
`
`They can't function independently.
`
`Q.
`
`So just so we're clear on that --
`
`Uh-huh.
`
`Q.
`
`-- Claim 1
`
`stem claimed in
`
`Claim l can have more than one encoder as lon
`
`as they conspire with one another?
`
`MR.
`
`?ICKAR3: Object to form.
`
`

`
`Summary of Arguments
`
`Claim 1
`
`- Claim term “insert pilot symbols into data blocks’’ encompasses
`
`embodiments that result in a separate OFDM pilot symbol in the
`
`time domain
`
`- Schmidl in view of Arslan renders obvious claim 1’s “an encoder
`
`having a pilot/training symbol inserter
`
`configured to insert
`
`pilot symbols into data blocks’’
`
`Claim 17
`
`- Claim 17 is satisfied by a showing of more than one encoder
`
`- The combination of references discloses the encoder of claim
`
`

`
`BACKUP SLIDES
`
`

`
`“pilot symbol”
`
`Petitioner’s expert — Mody Provisional uses term “pilot symbol’’ in same manner as ’127
`
`Q
`
`Okay.
`
`So is it possible that Exhibit lD35 uses
`
`the term "pilot" differently than it's being used in the
`
`‘l2? speoifioation?
`
`A
`
`There's nothing that would indicate to me that
`
`this is the oase.
`
`The term "pilots" in the provisional
`
`Mody —— the use of the term "pilots" in the provisional
`
`Mody seems to be oonsistent with the use of the word
`
`-""1
`"pilots" or the term "pilots" in the 'l_T.
`
`(Second Haas Dep. Tr., 52:3-10,
`cited in Response to PO’s Motion for
`
`

`
`“pilot symbol” — same structure as “training symbol” but symbols not necessarily identical
`
`- Petitioner’s expert — training blocks have same structure as
`pilot blocks but not necessarily same content, citing ’127
`patent, 7:47-50
`
`(Response to P0’s Motion for
`ObSe"at'°”S’ N°' 12’
`
`Moreover —— this is in Column T, Line 47 --
`
`moreover, different sets of training symbols in a pilot
`
`andfor pilot blocks may he provided by the pilot training
`
`symbol inserter (46), depending on the operating oriteria
`
`of the communication system (10).
`
`So if you say they're
`
`(SemmdFmaSDqlT“
`37:13-21, cited in
`REWOMEVDMTSMNWU
`for Observations, No. 12)
`
`identioal
`
`I oannot tell
`
`on if the ‘re identical or not,
`
`but I know at least the structure is the same, which is
`
`that there is N,
`
`sub I,
`
`samples in the pilot block, and th=
`
`N,
`
`sub I,
`
`samples in