`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`1
`
` UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
` BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
` Patent No. 6,476,351
` Inter Partes Review
` No. IPR2015-00024
`- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
`TIFFANY AND COMPANY,
` Petitioner,
`v.
`LAZARE KAPLAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.,
` Patent Owner.
`- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
` VIDEOTAPED DEPOSITION OF DAVID TRUMPER, Ph.D.
` Tuesday, June 30, 2015 9:34 a.m.
` Fish & Richardson LLP
` One Marina Park Drive, Boston, MA 02210
`
`Reporter: Janet M. Sambataro, RMR, CRR, CLR
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 1
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`2
`
`APPEARANCES:
`
`FISH & RICHARDSON P.C.
`(By P. Weston Musselman, Jr., Esquire
`and Adam R. Shartzer, Esquire)
`3200 RBC Plaza
`60 South Sixth Street
`Minneapolis, MN 55402
`musselman@fr.com
`shartzer@fr.com
`Counsel for the Petitioner
`
`MORRISON & FOERSTER LLP
`(By Fahd Patel, Esquire)
`2000 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
`Suite 6000
`Washington, D.C. 20006-1888
`202.887.1500
`fpatel@mofo.com
`Counsel for the Patent Owner
`
`- Continued -
`
`1
`
`2 3 4
`
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 2
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`3
`
`APPEARANCES: (Continued)
`
`MORRISON & FOERSTER LLP
`(By Mehran Arjomand, Esquire)
`707 Wilshire Boulevard
`Los Angeles, CA 90017-3543
`213.892.5200
`marjomand@mofo.com
`Counsel for the Patent Owner
`
`ALSO PRESENT:
`Ewa Abrams, In-house Counsel, Tiffany & Company
`Gayle Ashton, Videographer
`
`1
`
`2 3
`
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 3
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`4
`
` I N D E X
`WITNESS DIRECT CROSS
`DAVID TRUMPER, Ph.D.
`By Mr. Patel 6
` E X H I B I T S
`Number Description Page
`Exhibit 2004 Expert Report of Dr. David
` Trumper Regarding Invalidity
` of Claims 1 and 7 of U.S. Patent
` No. 6,476,351 157
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 4
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`5
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` P R O C E E D I N G S
` THE VIDEOGRAPHER: This is the video
`operator speaking, Gayle Ashton, with Henderson
`Legal Services. Today's date is June 30th, 2015,
`and the time is 9:34 a.m.
` We are here at the offices of
`Fish & Richardson, located at One Marina Park
`Drive, Boston, Massachusetts, to take the
`videotaped deposition of Dr. David Trumper in the
`matter of Tiffany & Company versus Lazare Kaplan
`International, Inc., in the U.S. Patent and
`Trademark Office before the Patent Trial and
`Appeal Board, Inter Partes Review Number
`IPR2015-00024.
` Will counsel please state their
`appearances.
` MR. PATEL: This is Fahd Patel with
`Morrison and Foerster on behalf of patent owner,
`Lazare Kaplan International. And with me is
`Mehran Arjomand.
` MR. MUSSELMAN: This is Wes Musselman
`with Fish & Richardson on behalf of the
`petitioner, Tiffany & Company, and with me is
`Adam Shartzer of Fish & Richardson and Ewa Abrams
`of Tiffany & Company.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 5
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`6
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` THE VIDEOGRAPHER: Will the court
`reporter please swear in the witness.
` DAVID TRUMPER, Ph.D.
`having been duly sworn, after presenting
`identification in the form of a driver's license,
`deposes and says as follows:
` DIRECT EXAMINATION
` THE WITNESS: I do affirm that.
`BY MR. PATEL:
` Q. Okay. Good morning, Dr. Trumper.
` A. Good morning.
` Q. Could you please spell your name for
`the record.
` A. David, D-A-V-I-D, Lippincott,
`L-I-P-P-I-N-C-O-T-T, Trumper, T-R-U-M-P-E-R.
` Q. And, Dr. Trumper, before today, how
`many prior depositions have you had?
` A. Probably about ten, something like
`that.
` Q. Okay. So you understand that you are
`under oath today?
` A. Yes, I understand that.
` Q. And to please give audible answers and
`not gestures and motions?
` A. Yes. I understand that.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 6
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`7
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` Q. From time to time, Tiffany's counsel
`may make objections, but that these objections
`are evidentiary only in nature?
` A. If you tell me that's true, yes.
` Q. And that if you understand a question,
`you must answer it unless Tiffany's counsel
`instructs you not to answer?
` A. I understand I should answer the
`questions you're asking unless instructed not to
`answer by Tiffany's counsel.
` Q. And do you understand that you may not
`discuss the testimony -- the substance of your
`testimony with Tiffany's counsel during the
`breaks?
` A. Yes. I understand that.
` Q. Is there any reason why you cannot
`provide complete testimony today?
` A. There's no reason.
` Q. Okay. Dr. Trumper, how many days did
`you spend preparing for today's deposition?
` A. If you count -- I would count that to
`be the total of preparing the declaration that I
`wrote, or do you mean just after that, preparing
`for the deposition, in particular?
` Q. The deposition, in particular.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 7
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`8
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` A. I spent a couple of days, two to three
`days, preparing.
` Q. Okay. And did you meet with anybody
`when preparing for the deposition?
` A. Yes. I met with attorneys from
`Fish & Richardson yesterday.
` Q. Okay. While preparing for today's
`deposition, what documents did you consider?
` A. It would be all the ones cited in my
`declaration.
` Q. Okay. And other than the documents
`cited in your declaration, did you review any
`additional documents?
` A. I believe I looked through the -- I
`believe it's called the board decision on the --
`on this IPR.
` Q. Okay. Anything else?
` A. I don't recall any other documents that
`I reviewed.
` Q. Do you wish to make any corrections to
`your declaration?
` A. I have no corrections at this time.
` Q. Did you bring anything with you to help
`you testify today?
` A. I have two documents with me. One is
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 8
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`9
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`the copy of the '351 patent and the other
`document is a copy of my declaration from
`October 2nd of 2014.
` Q. Okay. Let's look at your declaration.
`This is Tiffany Exhibit 1003.
` MR. PATEL: Counsel, do you need a
`courtesy copy? I have one, if you like.
` MR. MUSSELMAN: If you've got one,
`certainly.
` MR. PATEL: Sure.
` MR. SHARTZER: Thank you.
` Q. Just looking at the first page, Page 1,
`Paragraph 3 says, "I have reviewed and am
`familiar with," and then lists a series of
`documents.
` What is the significance of this listing of
`documents that you listed here?
` A. In the declaration, I believe many of
`these documents, if not all of them, are
`discussed. So I think that's the significance of
`this listing.
` Q. Is this the complete listing of
`documents upon which your opinions are based?
` A. I would say I was informed by reading
`all of these documents. I'm not sure if it's a
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 9
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`10
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`complete list. I'm trying to think if there's
`anything else I read. I think for the opinion
`expressed here, these are the documents I read,
`and I cite them in support of that opinion --
`opinions expressed in my declaration.
` Q. And for the opinions cited in this IPR,
`are there any other documents that you
`considered?
` A. I don't recall any other documents that
`I considered for writing this declaration at this
`time.
` Q. So in this listing, you didn't -- did
`not include the file history of the '351 patent.
`Right?
` A. I believe I mention the file history
`later in my declaration, when discussing -- let
`me see. Yes, Paragraph 17. It says, "Based on
`my review of the '351 patent and its file
`history." So I had looked at that. Yes.
` Q. So in Paragraph 17, this is under the
`Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art section,
`right?
` A. Yes. But I believe I've taken account
`of the file history in the opinions of the entire
`declaration.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 10
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`11
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` Q. Okay. You also don't have listed here
`the federal circuit opinion on claim
`construction. Did you consider the federal
`circuit opinion on claim construction in your
`opinion?
` A. So let me be sure. I think that what
`you're asking about -- let's see. If you look at
`Paragraphs 25 and 26 of my declaration, when you
`asked about the federal circuit opinion, that's
`the same document I'm discussing here.
` Q. All right.
` A. So, yes, I've taken account of that.
`And I did read through that document.
` Q. Okay. If you could turn to Page 4 of
`your declaration, the top of the page,
`Paragraph 5.
` (Witness complies.)
` Q. You say that, "I previously testified
`in a deposition as a technical expert in a patent
`infringement action involving the '351 patent."
`Do you see that sentence?
` A. Yes.
` Q. What case was that?
` A. That was -- I forget the exact name,
`but GIA and PhotoScribe were the parties I
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 11
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`12
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`believe I was working with.
` Q. And who hired you in the prior case?
` A. I assume I was hired by GIA and
`PhotoScribe, or GIA maybe. I don't know exactly
`who. And I think the law firm I worked with was
`DLA Piper.
` Q. And what was your role in the prior
`case?
` A. I served as a technical expert.
` Q. What documents did you submit in the
`prior case?
` MR. MUSSELMAN: Objection. Form.
` A. It's four years ago. I don't remember.
` Q. Did you submit an expert declaration in
`the prior case?
` A. I'm sure there were some reports. I
`don't remember if they were called declarations.
` Q. Did you review your prior declaration
`or report for preparing for this IPR?
` A. No. I haven't looked at any of that
`material since back in -- I think it was 2011,
`when this deposition happened.
` Q. Did you review your prior deposition
`testimony in preparation for today's deposition?
` A. No. I didn't look at that.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 12
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`13
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` Q. Did you review any other testimony in
`preparation for today's deposition?
` A. No, I didn't.
` Q. So Tiffany has hired you in this case.
`Correct?
` A. That's my understanding, yes.
` Q. And how much are you being compensated
`in this case?
` A. At $600 an hour.
` Q. And is Tiffany paying your bills in
`this case?
` A. I don't know. When I submitted an
`invoice last fall, it got paid. But I assume
`Tiffany is. I don't know. I don't know who is
`paying, but a check showed up. I submitted it
`through the law firm here.
` Q. Where did you receive the prior art
`references from that you apply in this case?
` MR. MUSSELMAN: Objection. Form.
` A. When you say where did I receive, could
`you be a little more clear, please.
` Q. So let's look back on Pages 1 and 2,
`the documents you considered.
` A. Okay.
` (Witness complies.)
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 13
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`14
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` Q. You list some prior art references that
`you're applying in your opinion. Right?
` A. Are you talking about the list at
`Paragraph 3 of my report?
` Q. Yes.
` A. Yes. There are prior art references in
`that paragraph.
` Q. And you applied those in this opinion.
`Right?
` A. Yes. These -- those references were
`ones that I -- that I cite to and describe and
`develop opinions around in this case.
` Q. So for the purposes of this IPR, where
`did you receive the Fine Diamonds reference from?
` MR. MUSSELMAN: Objection. Form.
` A. I believe I got that from attorneys at
`Fish & Richardson.
` Q. And how about the ILR article?
` A. I believe I received the ILR article
`from attorneys at Fish & Richardson.
` Q. And moving on to Page 2, how about the
`Gresser patent?
` A. I believe the copy I got came from the
`attorneys at Fish & Richardson.
` Q. And the declaration of Dr. Klopp?
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 14
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`15
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` A. Yes. I believe that came from
`attorneys at Fish & Richardson.
` Q. Have you had any communications with
`counsel for PhotoScribe in preparation for this
`deposition?
` A. No. I've had no such communications.
` Q. Dr. Trumper, I'm handing you Exhibit
`Tiffany 1004, premarked. Dr. Trumper, what is
`this document?
` A. This appears to be my CV from the June
`2011 time frame.
` Q. I want to talk a little bit about your
`background.
` A. Mm-hmm.
` Q. You graduated with a BS in electrical
`engineering and computer science from MIT.
`Correct?
` A. Yes. In June 1980, I received that
`degree.
` Q. And you graduated with a master's
`degree in electrical engineering and computer
`science in June 1984. Correct?
` A. Yes. That's correct.
` Q. And then your Ph.D. in the same major,
`September of 1990. Correct?
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 15
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`16
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` A. Yes. That's correct.
` Q. And then after receiving your Ph.D.,
`you went to the University of North Carolina,
`Charlotte. Correct?
` A. Yes. In the electrical engineering
`department. I took a position there in 1990.
` Q. And then you moved back to MIT in 1993.
`Correct?
` A. Yes. I took a position in the
`mechanical engineering department, starting in
`1993.
` Q. Why did you make the change from
`electrical engineering to mechanical engineering?
` A. It's interesting. I have always been
`interested in mechanical things. You know, I
`built houses in high school with a contractor.
` And electrical engineering, I, as an
`undergrad, developed a strong background in
`circuit design, both analog and digital. When I
`took my first job at Hewlett-Packard in 1980, I
`was applying those circuits to gas and liquid
`chromatographs, and those had mechanisms, pumps,
`valves, detectors, chemistry going on, biology.
` So I had naturally gravitated to
`multi-disciplinary problems even before I went to
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 16
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`17
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`MIT. And that refined my interest, because a lot
`of the problems in those machines and devices
`were in something in a mechanism, a spring or a
`valve, and no amount of software or change in
`analog circuits would fix that spring.
` So I actually grew an HP problem of a very
`precise pressure regulator into my master's
`thesis, and HP gave me a fellowship. I went back
`to do a master's at MIT and studied that pressure
`regulator. So there the mixture of mechanical
`and electrical engineering is intimate, and you
`have to understand both sides of the solution
`space.
` So I really -- and then my Ph.D. was in the
`topic of magnetic bearings, and there the
`mechanical structural details make as much
`difference as, say, the magnetic fields.
` So I had already been working in a
`multi-disciplinary way. I was in the electrical
`engineering department, but I was doing research
`in what you could call mechatronics, which is
`mechanical and electrical engineering combined.
`So that electrical or mechanical engineering
`departments are equally appropriate as an
`appointment for me.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 17
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`18
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` Q. So if I say the word "precision
`machines," is that a term of art that you're
`familiar with?
` A. I have been president of the American
`Society for Precision Engineering.
` Q. Okay.
` A. And people spend some time talking
`about what is precision. And one way to note
`precision would be if you need to measure things
`to a large accuracy or make motions to a large
`accuracy range, you know.
` So if I'm moving down this table, if I want
`to move to an inch or so, you know, carpenters --
`when I built -- when I built frame houses, we'd
`measure stuff to about an eighth of an inch, and
`that's good enough for framing, but if you're
`doing cabinetry, you better be -- well, better --
`like a 32nd or 64th.
` If you're doing precision engineering,
`something like -- if you need four or five
`decimal places of accuracy, then you start to
`think about calling that precision engineering or
`precision machine.
` But it is context dependent, you know, for
`machine shop. If they work at, you know, a tenth
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 18
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`19
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`of an inch, that's very coarse, but if you're
`building a large building like this, a tenth of
`an inch is precision. So there's not a hard
`definition --
` Q. Okay.
` A. -- but that's -- that's roughly the
`context.
` Q. Okay. So it sounds like the term
`"precision machine" has sort of a general
`understanding in the art for what it means?
` A. You would need to know the context for,
`you know, what would be a precision machine would
`be context dependent. But the idea of precision
`implies some kind of higher resolution than in
`some standard. Like you might say, I've worked
`with diamond turning machines, which are
`precision lathe. The lathe that is in a normal
`machine shop, you might make parts to a
`thousandth of an inch; whereas, a diamond turning
`machine, you might make parts to a millionth of
`an inch kind of tolerances, and that would surely
`be a precision machine compared to the standard
`machine shop tools.
` Q. When did you first get involved with
`precision machines?
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 19
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`20
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` A. I would say -- I don't know. Like I
`mentioned the carpentry application, I was well
`aware of the finished carpenters were in another
`world than us framers, and they didn't let -- the
`guys doing finished cabinetry didn't let us
`anywhere near their tools, chisels and the like.
` So precision is something -- is something
`I've always been interested in. I would say the
`first -- within more my area of engineering
`application, I would say it's that pressure
`regulator that I worked on for -- well, before
`that, high-resolution A to D convertors when I
`was doing analog circuits. You know, if you're
`trying make something that measures microvolts
`instead of millivolts, that's another example of
`a precision device, because the resolution that
`you require, the things you have to take account
`of, like thermocouple voltages on wires, if all
`you care about is millivolts, forget them. If
`you care about microvolts, then you have to take
`account.
` So I would say, even undergrad, I had an
`interest in precision. But I'd say precision
`machines, the pressure regulator I worked on for
`Hewlett-Packard would try to control pressure to
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 20
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`21
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`a few psi out of thousands of psi, and typical
`pressure regulators are nowhere near that
`accurate.
` Q. So how about "precision motion
`machines," is that a more precise term?
` A. Well, that -- for instance, within that
`pressure regulator, I designed and built a
`flexure mechanism with strain gauges to measure
`motion of the plunger of the pressure regulator
`to probably micrometer level resolution so --
`because the -- the -- for these high-pressure
`regulators, you're working with very tiny
`clearances in the valve, and you have to control
`that position very precisely to regulate the
`pressure well. So I'd say precision motion, I
`was doing back in '83, '84, when I worked on my
`master's thesis --
` Q. Okay.
` A. -- and -- and after that.
` Q. And between that first system -- let me
`start again.
` Between 1983 and 1996, how many precision
`motion machines did you work on?
` A. Many. I worked on -- in my Ph.D.
`thesis, we focused on a magnetically levitated
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 21
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`22
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`stage for nanometer-level motion control. So
`that was an extremely precise system. I worked
`on that from '87 -- 1987 to 1990. And this was
`levitated in 5 degrees of freedom with the -- the
`motion stabilized on the order of a handful of
`nanometers. You know, a number of atoms in
`displacement equals a few nanometers.
` Then when I worked at -- I joined -- one of
`the main reasons I went to UNC Charlotte was to
`work with the precision engineering group under
`Professor Robert Hawkin, and he was a very
`well-known guy who was starting a program there
`in precision engineering. And we had a new
`building with new facilities, and I went there
`specifically to join his program, and designed a
`succession of other precision magnetically
`levitated or precision motion systems. This was
`in 1990.
` We built an atomic resolution maglev system
`between '90 and '92, '93. And that had
`subnanometer resolution of motion control with --
`magnetically levitated in 6 degrees of freedom,
`and we put a scanning tunneling microscope on the
`top of it. So you could -- while it was
`levitated, you could see atoms with the scanning
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 22
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`23
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`tunneling microscope.
` I also worked on a long travel linear motor
`at the same time, which was made for precision
`positioning for photolithography applications
`where, you know, you're exposing integrated
`circuit chips with nanometer resolution. And it
`was a new type of permanent magnet linear motor,
`and the associated controls for that in a
`levitated system. By levitated, I mean floating
`freely. And the magnetic forces are crossing an
`air gap, but there's no mechanical contact. So
`we designed and built a system that used that
`novel linear motor. That would be between about
`'92 to '93.
` And I also worked on measuring the forces of
`magnetic bearing actuators that were part of
`these precision machines by adjusting their air
`gaps to micrometer or submicrometer positions and
`measuring their forces to order of fractions of a
`newton or even millinewtons. So those were all
`things between '90 and '93.
` And then I moved to MIT in '93 and continued
`and broadened that work. I picked up -- there
`were a lot of projects I worked on at MIT. You
`asked until '96?
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 23
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`24
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` Q. Sorry. I don't mean to interrupt you,
`but I just want to sort of focus it a little
`more. Before we get into each individual project
`and sort of the details about them, could you
`give me a rough number between, let's say --
`we've talked about up to '93. So from '93 to
`'96, when you were at MIT, can you give me a
`ballpark number?
` MR. MUSSELMAN: Objection. Form.
` A. I was trying -- one of the ways to
`remember how many different systems worked on is
`to tell you about them. But between '93 and '96,
`I was also doing consulting for industry in the
`areas of lithography and other precision
`machines. So probably about, I don't know, ten
`or a dozen other systems.
` Q. And were any of those systems -- did
`any of those systems involve photolithography?
` A. Yes.
` Q. Roughly about how many?
` A. Probably about half of them.
` Q. Of the photolithography applications,
`did any involve viewing a semiconductor with a
`microscope?
` A. Well, for example, some of the older
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 24
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`25
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`litho tools, like when I was working on my Ph.D.
`thesis in the late '80s and then in the early
`'90s, I interacted with GCA, which was one of the
`vendors -- all capitals, GCA -- one of the
`vendors of photolithography equipment, and some
`of those machines would have a microscope built
`into them. Early machines. And so when you say
`"involved," tell me what you mean by that.
` Q. By "involved," using a microscope to
`view the semiconductor substrate during the
`photolithography process.
` A. And what do you mean by "involved"?
`Because, you know, a photolithography machine has
`a lot of different actuators, sensors, optics,
`imaging. So tell me a little more precisely,
`what do you mean?
` Q. Well, I don't think I used "involved"
`in the last question. Viewing a semiconductor
`substrate during the photolithography process.
` MR. MUSSELMAN: Objection. Form.
` A. There are many ways to view it. As I
`mentioned, I think those machines did. I know we
`had a microscope in our lab, and we'd look at
`things in the microscope. It's just the normal
`course of business.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 25
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`26
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
` Also, we -- I mentioned we had built a
`scanning tunneling microscope, and one of the
`applications of that was to look at atoms on
`silicon. And when I was at UNC Charlotte, we had
`a vacuum scanning tunneling microscope system
`where you could remove the oxide layer from
`silicon and see the native silicon crystal with a
`scanning tunneling microscope. So that's, in
`some way, a viewing of a semiconductor.
` So there are a lot of ways -- very broadly,
`that's a standard thing that people are doing all
`the time. And I'm sure we were doing all the
`time too.
` Q. So the vacuum tunneling microscope that
`you mentioned --
` A. Mm-hmm.
` Q. -- that's used after the oxide layer is
`removed from the silicon crystal. Correct?
` A. When you take silicon into air, it
`grows an oxide layer. So if you hold a piece of
`silicon, you're actually looking at an oxide
`layer. When you, if you want to look at the
`crystal without anything on top of it, you need
`to put it in vacuum away from any oxygen and then
`do some kind of thermal process to take off the
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 26
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`27
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`oxide and then you can look at raw silicon.
` Q. The microscope in that application is
`not used during the removal of the oxide, though.
`Correct?
` A. Oh, I'm not sure that's true. You
`could, you could image the oxide layer or you
`could image the -- I believe the removal was a
`thermal step, and I don't recall whether you
`could use the microscope during that step.
` Q. Do you personally recall having any
`experience viewing a substrate during the
`photolithography process?
` A. I've -- I've been in, for instance,
`GCA's clean room or their follow-on company was
`called Integrated Solutions, and watched the
`machine in operation. And you're watching the
`wafer moving, da, da, da, it's making a scanning
`motion. So I've watched a wafer during the
`photolithography process.
` Q. Through a microscope?
` A. There would also be -- I'm trying to
`remember whether there was any live viewing.
`There may or may not have been. I don't recall.
` Q. So sitting here today, you can't recall
`any instances of viewing a semiconductor through
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Exhibit 2010 Page 27
`
`
`
`Trumper, Ph.D., David
`
`IPR2015-00024
`
`June 30, 2015
`
`28
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`
`a microscope during the photolithography process.
`Correct?
` MR. MUSSELMAN: Objection. Form.
` A. When you say "the pho