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`» \X/EBSER’ sm
`{ NEWRLD
`
`
`
`COMPUTER
`
`DICTIONARY
`
`
`
`
`
`10TH EDITION
`
`By Bryan Ifgfenbemer, Ph.D.
`
`@W
`
`ILEY
`
`Wiley Publishing, Inc.
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`i
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`T
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`7
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`Petitioner Samsung - Ex. 1012 p.3
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`

`
`Webster's New World" Computer Dictionary, 10th Edition
`
`Copyright C! 2003 by Wiley Publishing. Inc, Indianapolis. Indiana
`
`Published by Wfley Publishing, lnc., Indianapolis, Indiana
`Published simultaneously in Canada
`
`No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted
`in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning
`or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States
`Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorin-
`tion through payment of the appropriate per~copy fee to the Copyright Clearance
`Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-3700.
`Requesls to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department,
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`'Iiademarlrs:‘Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo,Webster's New World, and the Webster’:
`Newworld logo are tradernarks or registered trademarks ofWfley Publishing, Inc., in the
`United States and other countries, and may not be used without wrinaen permission. All
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`associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book,
`
`Limit of Liability/Disclainser offiiarrantyzwhile the publisher and author have used their
`best elforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with
`respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically dis-
`claim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No
`warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials.
`The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation.You
`should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author
`shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not
`hunted to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
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`For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support
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`Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that
`appears in print may not be available in electronic books.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging—in-Publication Data is available from the. publisher.
`ISBN 978-0-7645-2473-3
`
`Manufactured in the United States ofhrnerica
`
`10
`
`9
`
`B
`
`7
`
`6
`
`5
`
`Petitioner Samsung - Ex. 1012 p.4
`
`

`
`23
`
`applleatlon layer
`
`the extended keyboard. Till? 1U8—key key-
`board includes alphanumeric keys, cursor
`control keys. 15 programmable fimction
`keys, and a key for ejecting CD: and DVDs.
`
`for
`Appleshare A file server utility’
`Apple'Ialk networks. Appleshare transforms
`my Macintosh on the network into a ded-
`icated file server; the server’: hard disk icon
`gppcars on every network user's desktop
`
`1. A small to medium-sized com-
`applet
`puter program that provides a specific
`fimction. such as emulating a calculator. 2.
`In java. :1 miniprogram embedded in {Web
`document that, when downloaded, is exe-
`cuted by the browser. Bod: of the leading
`browsers (Netscape Communicator and
`Microsoft Internet, Explorer) can execute
`java applets. See jaw applet. jaw application.
`
`Apple'Ihlk A local area network (LAN)
`standard developed by Apple Computer.
`AppleTalk can link as many as 32
`Macintosh computers. IBM PC~compati—
`bie computers, and peripherals such as laser
`printers. Every Macintosh computer has an
`Apple'I‘.\lk port; the only hardware requ.ired
`for an AppleTallr network is
`a set of
`LocalTallt connectors and ordinary tele-
`phone wire for cables (called twisted—pair
`cable}. Apple'1'hl.k networks are simple and
`inexpensive but quite slow; they are capable
`of transmitting only up to 230
`EtherTalk, in contrast, is capable of speeds
`ofnp to 10 million bps. See ElherTaHr.
`
`appliance server A network server pro-
`gram that enables non-programmers to
`make data and documents available to oth-
`er: without requiring advanced technical
`expertise.
`
`application A program that enables a
`user to do something useful with the com-
`puter, such as writing or accounting (as
`opposed to utilities, programs that help the
`user maintain the computer).
`
`application binary interface (AB1) A
`set of ODl1'l.l1'!l.1l'l.lC3Cl0I1S standards that spec-
`ifies how a binary executable file should
`interface with computer hardware.
`
`Application Configuration Access
`Protocol (ACAP) A proposed Internet
`standard that transfers crucial user configu-
`ration settings (including address books,
`bookmarks. and options choices)
`to an
`lnterneoaccessible file. Because these set-
`tings are stored on the network instead of
`the user's computer, they are accessible no
`matter which computer
`is being used.
`ACAP will greatly benefit anyone who
`accesses the Internet from more than one
`computer.
`
`application control menu See control
`llllfllul.
`
`system A
`application development
`coordinated set of program dneelopxnent
`tools, typically including a full-screen edi-
`tor; a programming language with a
`compiler,
`linker, and debugger; and an
`extensive library of read‘y—oo-use program
`modules. The use of an application devel-
`opment
`systern lets experienced users
`develop a standalone application more eas-
`ily than writing a progrant using a language
`such as C++ or COBOL.
`
`application help In the Macintosh
`computer architecture, the base memory,
`the area of tneanory set aside for user
`programs.
`
`application icon In a graphical user
`interface (GUI). an onscreen graphic repre-
`sentation of a minimized progi-am.The icon
`appears on the taskbar to remind the user
`that the application is still present in mem-
`ory. Double-clicking
`the
`application
`re-displays the program. See minimize
`
`In the Open System
`application layer
`Interconnection (OSI) reference model of
`computer network architecture, the first or
`topmoct of seven layers, in which the data is
`presented to the uscr.At this layer, protocols
`are needed to ensure that products made by
`different manufacturers can work together.
`For example, every e—mail program should
`use the same protocols for sending and
`receiving e~mafl.When the data is ready to
`be sent to the network, it is parsed dawn
`
`Petitioner Samsung - Ex. 1012 p.5
`
`

`
`Device Manager
`
`of peripheral, such as a sound card or
`modern. For example. some voice-recogni-
`tion prograrna require a SoundBlaster-
`compatible sound card and will not work
`with other typ of sound catch.
`
`device-dependent color A printer or
`monitor's color palette that does not con-
`form to any established color scheme but
`that instead results fi-om the device’: unique
`characteristics. Because most printers and
`monitors generate dev-ice—dependent color,
`it is often dificult to accurately match a
`color generated by one device with a color
`generated on another. De-vice-independent
`color overcomes this deficiency.
`
`device driver A program that provides
`the operating system with the information
`needed for
`it
`to work with a specific
`device, such as a printer.
`
`device independence The capability of
`a program, operating system, or program-
`minglarrguagecoworkonmanytypesof
`computers or peripherals. Unix, an operat-
`ing system for rnultiuser computer systems.
`isdesignedwrun onawidevarietyof
`computers, from personal computers to
`rnainframes. PostScript, a page description
`language for high-quality printing, is used
`by many printer manufacturers.
`
`device-independent Capable of work-
`ing correctly on many types of computers
`or on computers equipped with a wide
`variety of peripherals.
`
`device-independent color A method
`of describing colors in a standard way. such
`as with the Pantone Matching System
`(PMS). and then modifying output devices,
`such as printers and monitors, to conform
`to the sta.'nda.rt1.Tl1ough rare and expensive,
`device-independent color is far superior to
`device-dependent color and is essential if
`one is in the publishing business.
`
`In Windows, the util-
`Device Manager
`ity used to examine and change the
`configuration of your computer's hardware
`and device drivers. See torgfigurirtiarr, device
`driver.
`
`Petitioner Samsung - Ex. 1012 p.6
`
`ublishing software Programs
`vi
`"‘f;,:§ To transform a computer into a
`. deskml, publishing workstation. Leading
`,:Pj‘ck,g¢g include Adobe FrarneMaker.
`Adobe Pggeh/iaker. and Quarldipress.
`2 Emkmpp video An-mltirnedia application
`.
`lays a fi.rl1—motion video on the
`15“
`.
`' "m.n'Pu[¢;-'5 display}!/ithout special pIDCCS8-
`|_\. mg circuitry (; video adapter with special
`,,‘»'l-,Ij_l,og¢
`for decornpressmg and playmg
`fidgos at high speed), the result rnay be a
`,}!.,P°«“_gge-stafl'lp—-Sized video playing with
`- F-ky motion.
`l Jufimtion The record, file, document,
`‘
`ofdjgk to which information is copied or
`mgved, as opposed to the source.
`
`V
`
`In objectlinking
`dggtinntion document
`and embedding (OLE), the document in
`which one insert: or embeds an object.
`When one embeds a Microsoft Excel object
`gm}. as a chart) into a Microsoft Word file,
`fig.-example, tlteword document is the ties-
`tination document. See source daomrent.
`
`In rnany DOS com-
`domination file
`mands. the file into which data or program
`‘instructions are copied. See saurrefile.
`
`development suite A package of utili-
`ties that enable prograrrnners to create
`programs as quickly and effortlessly as pos-
`sible. Typically included are a compiler. a
`debugger, a text editor, libraries of usefiil
`routines, and tools for such tasks as con-
`necting to databases.
`
`device Any hardware component or
`peripheral, such as a printer, modem, mon-
`itor, or mouse, that can receive and/or send
`data. Some devices require special software,
`called a device driver.
`
`
`
`device contention The technique that
`Microsoft Windows uses to handle simulta-
`neous requests fi'om multilnslced programs
`to access devices.
`
`incapable of operat-
`device-dependent
`ing successfully on a certain type of
`computer system or on a computer that is
`not equipped with a certain type or brand
`
`

`
`hmporory font
`
`numerous temporary files in their vmlte.
`Periodically, it is wise to search for tempo-
`rary files and delete those that are more
`than several days old. Applications use vari-
`ous file extensions fiar these files. but many
`are given the *.tn-ip extension onWir1doWs
`systems.
`
`that, when
`temporary font A font
`downloaded to a laser printer, stays in the
`printer’s memory only until the printer is
`reset. See downlcadablefont, permancurfimt.
`
`teuuioningwire Averythinwiretliat
`stretches across an aperture grille perpen-
`dicular no the other wires to keep them
`steady. Sometimes tcnsioning wires cast
`shadows on the display. The shadows are
`most visible in solid white images.
`
`tera- Metric prefix indicating one tril-
`lion (10").
`
`terabyte (TB) A unit for measuring data
`storage capacity that is equal to apprcnci—
`mately one trillion (10"} bytes; it is exactly
`equal to 1.D99,5‘l1.627,776 (2“) bytes or
`1,024 gigabytes. One terabyte is approxi-
`mately equal
`to the total amount of
`information contairied in printed paper
`made from 50,000 trees. See data storage
`mando-
`
`teraflop A measurement of computer
`processor speed that is equal to one trillion
`10" floating point operations per second.
`See floau'ng—pot'nt notation, FLOP. gigaflop,
`'"9£‘!fl°P-
`
`terminal An input/output device, con«
`sisting of a. keyboard and a monitor,
`comrnonly used with rnultiuser systems. A
`terminal lacking its own central processing
`unit (CPU) and disk drives is called a dumb
`terminal and is
`restricted to interacting
`with a distant rnultiuser computer, such as a
`rnainfiarne.A smart terminal, on the other
`hand. has some processing circuitry and, in
`so:necases,adisltdn'vesotl1atonecan
`dovmload information and display it later.A
`personal computer is a terminal when it is
`connected to a network. by either a cable
`or a modem. See terminal emulation.
`
`370
`
`terminal adapter (TA) A device that is
`fiinccionally equivalent
`to a modern and
`that connects a computer or fax machine to
`an ISDN systern.TAs typically plug into the
`expansion bus like other adapters, although
`external versions exist See ISDN.
`
`terminal simulation The use of a com-
`munications program to transform a
`computer into a terminal for the purpose
`of data communication.
`
`terminal mode A state of a communi-
`cations program in which the computer on
`which it is running becomes a remote ter-
`minal of mother computer, to which it is
`linked by modern.
`
`1. To close an application so
`terminate
`that it stop: running. 2. To cap o&' the ends
`of an electronic circuit to prevent signal
`reflection. 3. In programming, to demarcate
`the end of a procedure or function by
`inserting a closing bracket or some other
`terminating
`
`(T SR)
`terminate-nmtl-stay-resident
`program An accessory or utility pro-
`gram designed to remain in random access
`memory (RAM) at all times so that one can
`activate it quickly, even if another program
`also is in memory.
`
`terminator A small electronic device
`that is applied to the end of a SCSI or
`Ethernet cable so that signals are not
`reflected back into the circuit. See Ethernet,
`SCSI.
`
`I
`touellntion In computer graphics.
`translation process in which a two-dimer»
`sional object
`is broken down into I
`collection of polygons.The result is a wire-
`
`tort driver A program that tests another
`program, often as part of an alpha test.Thst
`drivers typically send every conceivable
`input to a program and monitor the millili-
`test message
`In Usenet, a message that is
`posted just to see whether orr1e‘s newsreader
`software and Usenet connection are
`working.
`
`Petitioner Samsung - Ex. 1012 p.7
`
`

`
`Whether you’re a computer novice or a computer professional,
`Wébsterfs New florid Computer Dictionary is one of the most usefifl
`references you can buy.
`
`It gives you clear and concise definitions for more than 4,750 up-
`to-date computer terms, including 250 that are completely new to
`this edition.
`
`You'll find current coverage of the latest standards and protocols
`in storage, memory, peripherals, and more—plus updated and
`expanded information on computer security, legislation, and com-
`puter and Internet technology Cross-referencing throughout directs
`you effortlessly to related terms and concepts that help you under-
`stand more about a given subject and put it into a larger context.
`
`From using e-mail and going on the Internet (attachment, computer
`virus, cookie, shopping cart) to buying or upgrading a computer
`(Ethernet, G4, Pentium 4, SDR/LM) to boning up on terminology
`for a computer industry job (Advanced Encryption Standard, timetode
`editing, virtual private network), this invaluable resource gives you
`instant flip-and—find access to the information you need—from
`A (applet) to Z (zip drive).
`
`Bryan Pfaflenberger, Ph.D., author of HTMCL 4 Bible and more
`than 75 books on personal computing,
`teaches technical
`Writing and the sociology of technology at the University of
`Virginia’s Division ofTechnology, Culture, and Communication.
`
`Inc.
`
`wileycom
`A Webster’: New Wbrld" Book
`Shelving cmgory: Cmupulal
`
`ISBN ‘I75-D-'r‘l='-I5-E5‘-|:|?:-939‘
`
`USA 516.99/CAN $19.99/1n1,g11.9s
`
`9‘
`
`“
`
`Petitioner Samsung - Ex. 1012 p.8