THE OXFORD
`ENGLISH
`DICTIONARY
`
`SECOND EDITION
`
`Prepared by
`J. A. SIMPSON and E. S.C. WEINER
`
`VOLUME VI
`Follow-Haswed
`
`LIBRARY
`KIRKLAND & ELLIS
`JAN 0 41990
`200 EAST RAN~OLPH DR.
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`
`CLARENDON PRESS · OXFORD
`1989
`
`ZIMMER 1044
`Page 1
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`

`
`,()?>1
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`British Library Cataloguing in Publ£cation Data
`Oxford English dictionary.-and ed.
`I. English language- Dictionaries
`I. Simpson, J. A. (John Andrew), I953-
`II. Weiner, EdmundS. C., I950-
`4•3
`ISBN o-z9-86raz8-4 (vol. VI)
`ISBN o-r9-86II86-2 (set)
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`The Oxford English dictionary.-and ed.
`prepared by J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner
`Bibliography: p.
`ISBN o-z9-86raz8-4 (vol. VI)
`ISBN o-r9-86II86-2 (set)
`I. Simpson, J. A.
`I. English language-Dictionaries.
`III. Oxford University Press.
`II. Weiner, E. S. C.
`PEI62S.087 I989
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`ZIMMER 1044
`Page 2
`
`

`
`GROOM
`
`866
`
`comyng from the countries. 1526 Ibid. 234 That he doe
`cause the *Groome-Grobber to looke dayly to drawing out
`the lees of the Wyne spent. 16o1 Ibid. 284 Groom Grubber
`.. His office is to see that the vessailes which come into the
`seller bee tight and full. x641 Negotiations Wolsey v. I I
`Thirteene Pages, two yeomen Purveyours, and a *groome
`Purveyor.
`'groomess, a
`(chiefly nonce-wds.)
`Hence
`'groomish a.,
`female groom (of the stole).
`characteristic of a groom, like that of a groom;
`hence 'groomishly adv. 'groomless a., having
`no groom. 'groomlet, 'groomling, a diminutive
`groom. 'groomship, the office or condition of a
`groom.
`1624 T. ScoTT 2nd Pt. Vox Populi 1 r, I sold moreouer, the
`place of *Groomesse of her highnesse Stoole, to six seuerall
`English Ladyes. •854 R. S. SuRTEES Handley Cross (I898) I.
`140 To smoke cigars, pick up a steeple-chaser, wear
`*groomish clothes. I836 New Monthly Mag. XLVIII. 458
`The tiger, though more *groomishly attired, is not less
`scrupulously exact. 1870 DISRAELI Lothair xxviii, St.
`Aldegonde .. was lounging about on a rough Scandinavian
`cob .. listless and *groomless. 1824-8 T. HooK Say. &
`Doings (I836) I65 (Hoppe) *Groomlet. •834 BECKFORD
`Italy II. I3 We were obliged to be escorted by grooms and
`*groomlings with candles and lanterns. 188o Mrss BRAD DON
`Just as I am II. 230 The groomling in charge slumbered
`placidly in the bottom of the carriage, with the reins in his
`hands. I69I WooD Ath. Oxon. (I72I) II. I036 Silas Titus._.
`In the Year following [I679] did, with the consent of hts
`Majesty, resign his *Gromeship. 1882 W. H. GRENFELL in
`Standard 2 Nov. sis If I had been honoured by the offer of
`a non-Parliamentary Groomship.
`
`[? A
`groom (gru:m), sb. 2 dial. Also grom.
`western variant of CROME, CROMB .] A forked
`stick used by thatchers.
`1790 GROSE Prov. Gloss., Grom or Groom, a forked stick
`used by thatchers for carrying the parcels of straw called
`helms. Wiltsh. I847-89 in HALLIWELL. I874 T. HARDY Far
`Jr. Madding Crowdxxxvii, He had stuck his rick-rod, groom,
`or poignard into the stack.
`
`groom (gru:m), v. [f. GROOM sb.']
`l. trans. To tend as a groom; to curry, feed,
`and generally attend to (a horse); to 'fettle'.
`1809 MALKIN Gil Bias I. x. ~ I We were obliged to groom
`them ourselves. 1847 TENNYSON Prine. v. 446 She's yet a
`colt .. strongly groom'd and straitly curb'd. 1856 FROUDE
`Hist. Eng. (I8s8) I. iv. 3IO Ostlers quarrelled over such
`questions as they groomed their masters' horses. 1878
`Bosw. SMITH Carthage 237 The Numidian horses .. soon
`recovered their condition when they were groomed day by
`day with the old wine of Italian vintages.
`absol. I900 Blackw. Mag. Feb. 223/I If he understands
`horses and can groom tolerably, he despises gardening.
`2. a. transf. To tend or attend to carefully; to
`give a neat, tidy, or 'smart' appearance to. Also
`absol. in to grocrm up.
`1843 HALIBURTON Attache I. ii. 26 Here was to clean and
`groom up agin' till all was in its right shape. 1859 Sat. Rev.
`VII. 363/2 The very chair you sit on has to be groomed.
`1861 Our Eng. Home 86 He had to repair his own buskins,
`mend the tables, .and groom my lady's chamber. 1879 J.
`BuRROUGHS Locusts rs w. Honey (I884) I25 Sometimes a
`few underclouds will be combed and groomed by the winds
`.. as if for a race.
`b. fig. To prepare as a political candidate; in
`extended use, to prepare or coach for a career, a
`sporting contest, etc. orig. U.S.
`I887 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Ky.) 3 May 4/5, I learn
`that Sam Hill, of Hartford, is being groomed for the
`temporary chairmanship of the Convention. 1903 J.
`HAWTHORNE Hawthorne & his Circle 264 Grover Cleveland
`was being groomed for his first Presidential term. 1922
`WoDEHOUSE Clicking of Cuthbert v. I IS A man whom the
`committee were grooming for the amateur championship.
`1955 Times IS June 12/3 He did not agree that Professor
`Dent .. had groomed him (the witness) to become president
`in order to keep out an 'Iron Curtain' delegate. 1957 Listener
`I9 Sept. 416/I Committing the same mistake as Bismarck in
`not grooming his successor. 1959 Times 26 Aug. 4/I
`Swetman has been groomed to succeed him [sc. Evans] in
`the Test matches. 1964 C. CHAPLIN Autobiogr. xxv. 435, I
`was surprised that Mr. Hoover should remember, because
`at the time he had seemed intensely preoccupied with
`grooming himself for the White House. I968 Globe f§f Mail
`(Toronto) 3 Feb. 25/2 The Music Canada School in
`Montreal, which grooms pop musicians.
`3. pass. To be made a bridegroom. nonce-use.
`1824 BYRON Juan xv. xxxix, It is an even chance That
`bridegrooms, after they are fairly groom'd, May retrograde
`a little in the dance Of marriage.
`Hence groomed ppl. a. (chiefly qualified by
`adv.), 'grooming vbl. sb.
`I8IJ Sporting Mag. XLII. 54 Feeding, grooming,
`trimming and managing of most descriptions of the horse.
`1852 DICKENS Bleak Ho. xxviii, The Honourable Bob
`Staples daily repeats .. his favourite original remark that she
`is the best-groomed woman in the whole stud. 1859
`JEPHSON Brittany iii. 29 The grooming was wretched, and I
`could see some of the horses eating the straw. 1896 EDITH
`THOMPSON in Monthly Packet Xmas No. So Radetzoff, with
`his .. neatly trimmed moustache, smart and well-groomed.
`
`groom, obs. form of GRUM a.
`groomer ('gru:m;J(r)). [f. GROOM v. + -ER1.] An
`instrument for the mechanical grooming of
`horses (see quot.).
`1884 KNIGHT Diet. Mech. Suppl., Groomer, an application
`of the flexible or jointed revolving shaft to rotate a brush
`used in the grooming of horses.
`
`groomet: see GRUMMET.
`
`groom-porter. Obs. exc. Hist.
`1. An officer of the English Royal Household,
`abolished under George III; his principal
`functions, at least from the 16th c., were to
`regulate all matters connected with gaming
`within the precincts of the court, to furnish
`cards and dice, etc., and to decide disputes
`arising at play.
`I502 Privy Purse Exp. Eliz. of York (I830) 35 George
`Hamerton grome porter. 1503-4 in Ld. Treas. Ace. Scot!. II.
`337 Thomas Hallye, grome portair of the Quenis chamir.
`1610 BEN JoNSON Alchemist III. ii, They will set him
`Vpmost, at the Groom-Porter's, all the Christmasse; An~,
`for the whole yeare through, at euery place Where there 1s
`play present him with the Chayre. a I654 SELDEN Table-T.
`(Arb.) 59 Though there be false Dice brought in at the
`Groom-Porters, and cheating offer' d, yet unless he allow the
`Cheating, and judge the Dice to be good, there may be hopes
`of fair play. I678 OTWAY Friendship in F. 1. i. Wks. I728 I.
`244, I ran to the Groom-Porter's last Night, and lost my
`Money. I70S Lond. Gaz. No. 4095/3 Thomas Archer Esq.
`is appointed to be Groom-Porter to Her MaJesty. 1716
`LADY M. W. MONTAGU Basset-Table 99 At the groom(cid:173)
`porter's, batter'd bullies play. I898 Daily News 7 Nov. 4/5
`From Christmas to Epiphany, the Groom Porter kept an
`open gambling-house for the Court.
`transf. 1768 GOLDSM. Good-n. Man II. i, He had scarce
`talents to be groom-porter to an orange barrow.
`fig. I6S9 FULLER App. Inj. Innoc. (I84o) 350, I appeal to
`the reader, whom I make groom-porter (termed by Mr.
`Camden, aleatorum arbiter), and let him judge who plays
`with false, who cogs, who slurs a dye.
`2. pl. Loaded dice. (Cf. quot. 1654 in 1.)
`1687 MIEGE Gt. Fr. Diet. II, Grumporters, heavy Dice, de
`gros Dez. 184 7 in HALLIWELL.
`Hence groom-portership,
`groom-porter.
`I6:zo in Rymer Fcedera (I707) XVII. 236 Wee .. doe give
`and graunte unto .. Clement Cotterell Esquior the Roome
`and Office of Groomeporter or Groome Portership within
`all and everie our Howse and Howses.
`
`the office of
`
`[f.
`('gru:mzm;Jn).
`groomsman
`groom's,
`genitive of GROOM sb. 1 + MAN, as a parallel form
`to BRIDESMAID, q.v.] A young man acting as
`friend or attendant on the bridegroom at a
`marriage, either alone (as 'best man') or as one
`of a company; = BRIDEMAN 2, BRIDESMAN.
`1698 M. HENRY Let. xo Oct. in Thoresby's Corr. I. 330, I
`tell Mr. Boyse he must let me have the honour of being his
`groomsman at his next journey to Leeds. 1861 S. I:-vsoNs
`Claudia & Pr. 178 Then came the ceremony of carrymg the
`brides over the threshold by the groomsmen. t88gJohn Bull
`2 Mar. ISI/2 The bridegroom was attended by his brother
`.. as groomsman. •899 Daily News 30 Nov. 5/I The old
`custom of having groomsmen at a wedding was revived
`yesterday afternoon at the marriage of - - .. There were
`five bridesmaids .. two pages, and nine groomsmen.
`groomy ('gru:m1), a. [f. GROOM sb.I + -Y1.]
`Pertaining to or characteristic of a groom;
`'horsy'.
`1852 R. S. SuRTEES Sponge's Sp. Tour i. 3 Mr. Sponge's
`groomy gait and horsey propensities. 1881 Cheq. Career 247
`A correct groomy costume-which means cord trousers,
`stick-up round collars, and a tweed jacket.
`Comb. I853 G. }. CAYLEY Las Alforjas II. 110 A most
`disreputable groomy-looking rogue.
`
`groon, variant of GROIN sb. 1
`
`groond, obs. pa. pple. of GRIND v.'
`
`groone, variant of GROIN v. 1 Obs.
`
`groop (gru:p), sb. Now dial. Forms: 5 grope,
`groupe, growpe, 5, 7, 9 dial. grupe, 6-7 groope,
`8-9 Sc. gruip, 9 grup, groop. [a. MDu. groepe
`(Du. groep) = OFris., LG. grope; cf. also Ice!.
`gr6p groove, Norw., Sw. grop hollow, cavity,
`Da. dial. grob ditch. Cf. GRIP sb.'
`In some dialects the word is used interchangeably with
`GRIP sb. 2 ]
`l. The drain or gutter in a stable or cowhouse;
`= GRIP sb. 2 2.
`c 1440 Promp. Parv. 2I6/z Growpe, where beestys, as
`nete, standyn .. (H.P. groupe of a netys stall), mus£tatorium.
`I664
`I483 Cath. Angl.
`I67/2 A Grupe, minsorium.
`GouLDMAN Diet., A groope
`in stables and houses,
`minthorium. I674-9I RAY N.C. Words (E.D.S.), Grupe,
`Groop, lat[r]ina. 17.. Mucking o' Geordies B~re i~
`Whitelaw Bk. Sc. Song (I875) 22I The Muckmg o
`Geordies byre And shooting the gruip sae clean. 1825
`BROCKETT N.C. Words, Grip, Gruap, Groop, the space where
`the dung lies in a cow house, having double rows of stalls;
`that is, the opening or hollow between them. 1899 ).
`CoLVILLE Scott. Vernacular I 5 The open trench or gru1p
`made the byre unsavoury.
`b. A small trench, ditch, open drain; = GRIP
`sb.' r. (dial.) tAlso Mil. a trench (obs.).
`•ss6 J. HEYWOOD Spider & F. !vii. I 29 Behold how euerie
`peece that lith there in groope Hath a spider gonner wtth
`redy fired mach. a 1825 FoRBY Voc. E. Anglia, Grup, groop,
`a trench, not amounting in breadth to a ditch. If narr~wer
`still it is a grip. I8:zg BROCKETT N.C. Words (ed. 2), Gnp or
`Groop .. also a small ditch or open drain in a field.
`t2. A groove; a mortice. Obs. (Cf. GROOP v.)
`c 1440 Promp. Parv. 2I6/z Growpe, yn a boord_e,
`incastratura. 1688 R. HOLME Armoury III. Io8/I To put m
`the round Boards fitted together into the Groop made to
`receive them.
`
`GROOVE
`tgroop, v. Obs. Forms: 4 groupe, 5 grope, s:6
`growpe.
`[Cf.
`to groove
`(m
`Ice!. gr6pa
`carpentry), F!er6ese gr6pa to dig (a hole).]
`1. trans. To dig (a trench).
`ciJJO R. BRUNNE Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8I65 Sykes do 3e
`graue & groupe. 14 •• Medulla in Cath. Angl. 167 note,
`Runco, to wedyn or gropyn.
`2. To groove, hollow out, incise. Also absol.
`1412-20 LvoG. Chron. Troy II. xi, Such as coulde graue
`groupe or carue Or suche as were able for to serue With lime
`and stone for to reyse a wall. c 1440 Promp. Parv. zi6/z
`Growpyd, as boordys or o}'er }'yngys, incastr~tus. Growpyn
`-wythe an yryn, as gravowrys, runco (K.P. tncastro). 1530
`PALSGR. 576/I, I growpe (Lydgate), sculpe or suche ~
`coulde grave, groupe, or carve: this worde is nat used m
`comen spetche. I638 A. READ Treat. Chirurg. vii. 52 [The]
`needles .. ought to have good eyes, and well grooped, that
`they may receive the threads readily.
`grooper. Obs. -o In 5 gropare. [f. GROOP v. +
`-ER1.] One who digs trenches.
`14 •• Medulla in Cath. Angl. r67 note, Runcio, a wedareor
`a gropare.
`
`grooper, obs. form of GROUPER.
`t 'grooping, vbl. sb. Obs. [f. GROOP v. + -ING1.]
`The action of the verb GROOP; grooving,
`gouging. Chiefly in Comb. grooping-iron, a
`kind of chisel or gouge; grooping tool, a
`cooper's tool for making 'groops'.
`CI440 Promp. Parv. 2I7/I Grow(p)ynge or gravynge
`yryn, runcina, scrophina. 1453 Mem. Ripon (Surtees) Ill.
`I62 Et de 6d. solutis Ricardo Carvour et servienti suo pro
`gropyng mensal dicti Purpityll. 1475 Pict. Voc. in Wr.·
`Wiilcker 807/29 Hec strofina, a gropyng-yryn. •483 Cath.
`Angl. I67/2 A Grupynge yren, runcina. a 1500. De~a.te
`Carpenter's Tools 3I in Hazl. E.P.P. I. So The gropmg-1ren
`I688 R.
`than spake he: Compas, who hath greuyd the?
`HOLME Armoury III. I08/I Grooping is the makin~ of t~e
`Rigget at the two ends of the Barrel to hold the hea~ m. lbtd.
`3 I 8/ I This may be termed the Coopers Groopmg Tool.
`
`groos, obs. form of GROSS.
`
`groose (gru:z), v. Sc. and north. Also 7 growze,
`9 grooze, gruze. [app. a derivative of GRUE v.]
`intr. To shiver, shudder.
`I674-9I RAY N.C. Words (E.D.S.), Growze, to be chill
`before the beginning of an ague-fit. I8o6 ScOTT Lett. I. 63-4
`This story makes me grouze whenever I thmk of _1t.
`.
`Hence 'groosing vbl. sb., groose sb., sh1vermg,
`a shivering fit.
`1825-So JAMIESON, Gruzin, Groozin, a shivering. I8ZS
`ScOTT Fam. Lett. zs Aug. (I894) II. 345, I own one felt a
`little gruse at a pass called Shanes Inn .. where they cut _an
`unfortunate Inspector of the Mail-Coaches .. to pieces Wit~
`scythes. I86I SIR R. CHRISTISON Let. in Life (I886) II. x~.
`420 The consequence was horrid groozing with ~oo~e-skin,
`enduring for two hours. 1862J. BROWN Rab & hzsfrzendsn
`My patient had a sudden and long shivering, a 'groosin",as
`she called it.
`
`groose, obs. form of GROss.
`
`groot (gru:t), sb. Obs. exc. dial. Also 4-7 grut, 5
`(9 dial.) grute, 7 grewt, 8 greut. [Related to OE.
`greot, GRIT sb. 1, and GROUT sb.: but the prec1se
`nature of the relation is uncertain.] Mud, sod,
`earth.
`IJ •• Coer deL. 4339 The toun dykes .. wer .. Ful off grot,
`no man myghte swymme. c 1440 Promp. Parv. ZI8/x Grute
`[MS. Hart. 22I gurte, other MSS. grot], fyithe,limus. I6oo
`Hosp. Inc. Fooles 62 All the horse and cowes dung .. m t1me
`of dearth that grut or riff-raffe woulde be good to make an
`Italian torto withal. I67I Phil. Trans. VI. 2097 The earth, or
`Grewt. 1681 GREW Musamm III. §2 ii. 328 A sort of Tin 0~
`with its Grewt. 1776 PRYCE Min. Cornub. 322 Greut or ~rtt,
`a kind of fossil body, of sandy rough, hard, earthy, particles.
`1827 D. JoHNSON Indian Field Sports 294 In Devonshire the
`word groot is used by all farmers .. for dry earth. I88o W.
`Cornwall Gloss., Grute, Greet, coffee grounds, finely
`pulverised soil. 1891 Hartland Gloss., Grute, loos~ earth,
`soil. Grute-rest, the moal-board (mould-board) of a tzmbern·
`zole.
`Hence 'grooty a., muddy.
`1848 S. CARTER Midnt. Effusions I92 The measureless
`solitudes shrub less and grooty.
`groot (gru:t), v. See also GROUT v.' [app. f.
`GROOT sb. Cf. however wroot, ROOT v.] Of a hog:
`To grub up or 'muzzle' the ground. Hence
`.
`'grooting vbl. sb.
`I8:Z7 D. JoHNSON Indian Field Sports 247 Marks of the1r
`feet and grooting are visible in every moist place. Note,
`Grooting is .. used by hog-hunters for the places where th~y
`have been muzzling the earth. 1834 MEDWIN Angler m
`Wales I. 109 Heaps of earth, and holes, where the hogs had
`been 'grooting'.
`
`groote, obs. form of GROAT.
`
`grooth, variant of GROWTH2 dial. Obs.
`
`grootte, obs. form of GROAT.
`
`groove (gru:v), sb. Also 5 grofe, groof, 7 groeve,
`7-9 grove, (7, 9 gruff, 9 groave, gruve). [ad. early
`mod.Du. groeve 'sulcus, fossa, scrobs', (Kilian),
`Du. groef = OLG. gruova, OHG. gruoba,
`MHG. gruobe, G. grube pit, hole, ditch, mine,
`fosse (in Anat.), ON. gr6f pit, Goth. groba, f.
`
`ZIMMER 1044
`Page 3
`
`

`
`GROOVE
`OTeut. root *groo-, grab- (see GRAVE sb.' and
`v.').]
`1. a. A mining shaft; a mine, pit. Now dial.
`tAlso, in I 5th c., a cave (obs.).
`a 1400-50 Alexander 5394 Maids he gracis to his god dis &
`pan pe grofe entres. a 1483 Mendip Laws in Phelps Hist.
`Somerset vu. (1839) 6 Any man that doth begin to pitch or
`groof .. must stand to the .. waist in the same groof. 1631
`Star Chamb. Cases (Camden) 91 Pulling the minors out of
`their groves by head and shoulders. 1666 LOCKE in Boyle
`Hist. Air (1692) xvii. 137, I rode to Minedeep, with an
`Intention to make use of it [a barometer] there, in one of the
`deepest Gruffs (for so they call their Pits) I could find.
`ax698 W. BLUNDELL Caval. Note Bk. (I88o) 25I The pits
`where lead is digged, in Derbyshire, are called grooves.
`1747 HoosoN Miner's Diet. Kj, Groove [is] the Mine or
`Work that a Man is employ'd in, hence it is if a Question be
`asked, Where is Tom to day? He is gone to the Groove, he
`is at the Groove; sometimes it is used for the Shaft. 1797 W.
`G. MATON West. Counties II. I3I On Mendip they call their
`works grooves, and the miners groovers, which are terms that
`seem to be peculiar to this part of the country. 1825 J.
`jENNINGS Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 4I Gruff, a mine. Gruffer,
`Gruffier, a miner. 1829 J. HoDGSON in J. Raine Mem. (I8s8)
`II. 157 The coal is worked by a grove of fair quality. 1873
`Swaledale Gloss., Gruve, a lead mine. Gruver, a lead miner.
`I8_8I RAYMOND Mining Gloss., Groove or Grove. 1. Derb. A
`mme.
`b. = DRIFT sb. I 5. dial.
`1887 H. MILLER Geol. Otterburn & Elsdon I 30 Mouth(cid:173)
`groves, short levels, generally entering upon the crop of a
`coal. 1893 Northumbld. Gloss., Grove, Grove-hole, Mouth·
`grove, an adit level driven in from the surface for coal or fire(cid:173)
`clay. Sometimes this is called a grove-hole, but the common
`term is a drift.
`2. a. A channel or hollow, cut by artificial
`means, in metal, wood, etc.; e.g. the spiral rifling
`of a gun, one of the air-passages leading from
`the wind-chest to the pipes of an organ, etc.
`1659 LEAK Waterwks. 33 The Valves are marked with M,
`the Groves by E. 1664 EvELYN tr. Freart's Archit. I30
`Excavated Channules, by our Workmen call'd Flutings and
`Groeves. x68o MoxoN Mech. Exerc. I87 This String is laid
`in the Groove made on the edge of the Wheel. 1688 R.
`HoLME Armoury III. 89/ I Grove of a Screw, is the hollow ..
`between the Thrids. 1752 W. & J. HALFPENNY New Designs
`rv. (1755) 4 Feather-edged Boards, not more than 8 Inches
`wide, including Lap, Grove, and Tongue. 1813 ScoTT
`Trierm. I. xv, Portcullis rose with crashing groan, Full
`harshly up its groove of stone. 1816 Sporting Mag. XLVIII.
`191 The slide [in a gun] still works freely, no rust having
`been found on the groaves. 1839 URE Diet. Arts 882 He now
`forms the groove with a single stroke of a small file,
`dexterously applied, first to the one side of the needle, and
`then tO the other. 1852 SEIDEL Organ 52 These partitions are
`called grooves .. every groove holds exactly as much wind as
`is necessary to sound either a large or a small pipe. 1858
`GREENER Gunnery 363 He formed a number of circular
`grooves on the cylindrical part of the bullet, in imitation of
`the feathers of an arrow.
`b. Theatr. (See quot. I886.)
`1866 W. DAVIDGEFootli'ght Flashes xv. 150 The scenery is
`pushed back as far as it will go in the slides, or grooves, so
`called. 1881 G. DANIEL Merry Eng. 352 At this moment the
`scenes stuck fast in the grooves. 1886 Stage Gossip 69 The
`'grooves' are the supports for the 'wings' and 'flats'. 1966
`A mer. N. & Q. Sept. I 3/2 Some promptbooks of the
`eighteenth century and most of those of the nineteenth show
`at the head of each scene .. the number or numbers of the
`grooves in which the wings and shutters .. are to stand.
`c. The spiral cut in a gramophone record
`(earlier, in a phonograph cylinder) which forms
`the path for the needle.
`I902 Encycl. Brit. XXXI. 679/ I In the first phonograph a
`spiral groove was cut on a brass drum fixed on a horizontal
`screw. Ibid., The sharp edge of the needle ran in the middle
`of the spiral groove when the cylinder was rotated. Ibid.
`68o/ 1 The grooves on the cylinder are Ito of an inch apart.
`1931 B. BROWN Talking Pictures ix. 194 Examining an
`ordinary record we find the spiral grooves of very fine pitch
`somewhere about roo to the inch. 1956, etc. [see fine-groove
`(F!NE a. D. 3)). 1957 Records & Recording Nov. 20/I It is
`these grooves which must be tracked with absolute accuracy
`by the pickup needle. 1958, 1962 [see coarse groove (COARSE
`a. 7c)).
`3. A channel or furrow of natural formation.
`a. spec. in Anat. and Zoo!.
`1787 G. WHITE Selborne iii. 7 The alternate flutings or
`grooves and the curved form of my specimen. 1828 STARK
`Elem. Nat. Hist. II. 389 The fore part of the head is
`generally more membranaceous than the hind part, .. with a
`longitudinal furrow on each side, or a groove to receive the
`antennre. 1878 L. P. MEREDITH Teeth 1 57 A continuous
`1899 J.
`groove across .. the
`teeth near
`the gum.
`HuTCHINSON Archives Surg. X. 145 The parts [of the nails]
`which have received names, are the body, the root, the free
`edge, the sides, the lunula, the matrix or bed, and the
`groove.
`b. gen.
`a1852 MACGILLIVRAY Nat. Hist. Dee Side, etc. (I8Ss) 6
`The groove or narrow valley in which the Dee flows. 1865
`GEIKIE Seen. f!# Geol. Scot. iv. So Its rocks covered with ruts
`and grooves, runnin~ in long persistent lines.
`4. transf. and jzg. a. A 'channel' or routine of
`action or life. Often in depreciatory sense: A
`narrow, limited, undeviating course; a 'rut'.
`1842 TENNYSON Locks ley Hall 182 Let the great world
`spin for ever down the ringing grooves of change. 1868
`HELPS Realmah iv. (1876) s8 His ideas were wont to travel
`rather in a groove. 1869 RoGERS Pref. to Adam Smith's W.N.
`I. 27 The whole course of legislation .. had flowed in the
`same groove for centuries. 1871 L. STEPHEN Playgr. Europe
`viii. (1894) I74, I see that I am inevitably falling into the old
`groove. 1874 GREEN Short Hist. x. §4. 8o6 Labour was thus
`thrown out of its older grooves. 1882 BESANT Revolt of Man
`viii. (1883) 193 The conversation flowed in the accustomed
`grooves.
`
`b. Phr. in the (or a) groave (cf. 2 c above)
`GROOVY a. 3· Hence groove is used to mean: a
`style of playing jazz or similar music, esp. one
`that is 'swinging' or good; a time when jazz is
`played well; more widely, one's predilection or
`BAG sb.
`favourite style,
`I d; something
`excellent or very satisfying. slang (orig. U.S.).
`1932 Melody Maker Oct. 836/I Having such a wonderful
`time which puts me in a groove. 1933 Fortune Aug. 90/2 The
`jazz musicians gave no grandstand performances; they
`simply got a great burn from playing in the groove. 1935 Hot
`News Sept. I7/I The Boswells are not in the hot groove.
`1936 Rhythm Apr. 27/2 His first chorus in the latter is really
`in the right groove, but he loses it completely in the next one.
`1940 Swing Nov. 27 Travelin' has a sax-unison melody
`somewhat in the Tuxedo groove. 1946 B. TREADWELL Big
`Book of Sw£ng I24/2 In the groove, everything going O.K.
`1954]ive Jungle 32 The all night 'grooves' began. 1957 M.
`MEZZROW in S. Traill Concerning Jazz 18 What we had
`played was so good I doubted if we could even get in that
`same groove again. 1958 G. LEA Somewhere there's Music iv.
`35 Romance? No, bruz, that's not my groove. 1959 N.
`MAILER Advts.for Myselj(I96I) 296 If you as a cat are way
`out too, and we are in the same groove .. , why then you say
`simply, 'I dig.' 1g62 R. MANHEIM tr. Grass's Tin Drum III.
`SI8 We made music, played ourselves into the groove. 1966
`Melody Maker IS Oct. I9 The rhythm team .. developed a
`very propulsive rhythmic groove. 1967 Ibid. 16 Dec. 8 This
`is what makes the Indian one such a groove for me.
`t 5. A gardener's transplanting tool. Obs.
`1725 BRADLEY Fam. Diet. s.v. Orange Tree, He must take
`away with his dis planting Groove as much of the Earth as he
`can. 1726 Diet. Rust. (ed. 3), Groove, a Gardiners Tool for
`transplanting Flowers.
`6. attrib. and Comb., as groove-Piece; groove(cid:173)
`board, in an organ (see quot.); groove cast
`Geol., a ridge on the lower surface of a layer of
`sandstone corresponding
`to a groove on
`underlying mudstone; groove-fellow, one of a
`company of men working a mine or a section of
`it in partnership; groove-going a., that travels
`'in a groove', that keeps to one course; groove(cid:173)
`hole dial. (see quot. I893 in sense I b); groove(cid:173)
`like a., wanting in novelty or originality;
`groove-locating unit, a device that indicates the
`position of a stylus on a record as the record is
`played; groove-roller (see quot.)
`1881 C. A. EDWARDS Organs 55 Where there is .. not room
`for the entire sound board, or .. for the larger pipes, .. they
`are .. supplied by means of grooves cut usually in the upper
`board or in a kind of second upper board called a *groove(cid:173)
`board. 1948 R. R. SHROCK Sequence in Layered Rocks iv. I63
`These interesting and puzzling ridges, here designated
`*groove casts, seem to represent sand fillings (casts) of
`rectilinear, V -shaped and U -shaped grooves existing in the
`upper few millimeters of the bottom sediment on which
`sand was deposited. 1963 KRUMBEIN & SLOSS Stratigr. &
`Sedim. (ed. 2) iv. 130 The upper right illustration shows
`groove casts, elongated parallel grooves or scratches
`oriented in the direction of current flow. 1829 Glover's Hist.
`Derby 1. 74 Each person or company possessing their meer
`or meers in partnership (called *groove fellows).
`1880
`KING LAKE cn·mea VI. xi. 429 under this discipline the
`*groove-going men winced in agony. 1902 Daily Chron. 5
`July 8/3 There are commendations without end waiting for
`the linen frock tha~ displays just a little originality, so
`*groove-like is the manifestation of that material as a general
`rule. 1908 Westm. Gaz. 4 June ro/3, I think the modern
`tendency is too groove-like. Once make a success as a
`Cockney or a love-sick maiden, and a Cockney or a love-sick
`maiden you will be to the end of time. 1941 B.B.C. Gloss.
`Broadc. Terms 14 *Groove-locating unit, device forming part
`of a reproducing desk, and consisting of an arm carrying a
`pick-up, together with a pointer and scale to indicate the
`position of the needle on the record. 1962 A. NISBETT
`Technique Sound Studio viii. 145 BBC studios are equipped
`with record players which have optical groove-locating
`units. On these a mirror is fixed beneath the pivot and
`throws the image of a scale on to a ground-glass screen. 1825
`J. NICHOLSON Operat. Mechanic 90 Iron *groove pieces or
`channels which are let into the stone-work of the side walls.
`1867 SMYTH Sailor's Word-bk., *Groove-rollers, these are
`fixed in a groove of the tiller-sweep in large ships, to aid the
`tiller-ropes, and prevent friction.
`
`groove (gru:v), v. Also 5 groof, 8 gruve. [f.
`GROOVE sb. Cf. Flem. groeven 'crelare, sculpere,
`cauare' (Kilian).]
`1. intr. To sink a mining shaft; to mine. dial.
`a1483 (see GROOVE sb. I). 18cj2 (see GROOVfNG vb/. sb.'].
`2. trans. To cut a groove or grooves in; to
`provide with grooves. (Also with out.) to groove
`into: to fit into by means of a groove.
`x686 PLOT Staffordsh. I74 If the plaister fall .. out from
`between the Timber .. for want of grooving it round within
`side before the plaister be laid on. 1688 R. HOLME Armoury
`III. 322/1 In these holes are threads of Screws grooved
`inwards. 1721 SWIFT G. Nim-Dan-Dean's Answ. to Sheridan
`28 One letter still another locks, Each groov' d and dove·
`tail'd like a box. 1751 W. & J. HALFPENNY New Designs
`Chinese Bridges II. 8 The side Timbers and middle Pieces ..
`are gruv'd and bolted together. 18o8 SHELLEY Zastrozzi i.
`Pr. Wks. 1888 I. 6 One end being grooved into the solid wall.
`1848 BAILEY Festus ix. (1852) 115 You see yon wretched
`starved old man; his brow Grooved out with wrinkles. 1870
`RusKIN Lect. Art ii. 44 It may be possible to show the
`necessities of structure which groove the fangs .. of the asp.
`1899 Edin. Rev. Apr. 316 A metamorphic rock .. rent by
`earthquakes, fissured, grooved, eroded.
`3. To cut in the form of a groove or channel; to
`excavate (a channel). Also, to force itself along a
`channel.
`x866 R. S. STORRS Serm. in Nat. Preacher (N.Y.), When
`the searching, scientific spirit awakens among men, .. they ..
`
`GROOVER
`hunt the records that are grooved upon rocks. 1881 SHAIRP
`Asp. Poetry v. 128 High-pitched imagination and vivid
`emotion tend .. to groove for
`themselves channels of
`language which are peculiar and unique. 1883 Century Mag.
`XXVII. 146 The glacier moves silently, .. grooving the
`record of its being on the world itself. 1890 H. M. STANLEY
`Darkest Africa II. xxviii. 259 The Rami-lulu [river] had
`eventually furrowed and grooved itself deeply through.
`4. a. pass. and intr. To fit or be fitted as into a
`groove. rare.
`1854 DE QuiNCEY War Wks. IV. 27I Phenomena of
`chance growth, not .. so grooved into the dark necessities of
`our nature, as we had all taken for granted. 1886 C. GIBBON
`Clare of Claresmede I. ix. 109 Sheldon adjoined Winston,
`and would groove into that estate nicely.
`b. fig. To settle or be settled into (or in) a
`routine of work, habit, etc. Also with down.
`x866 J. CoNrNGTON Let. 28 June in Misc. Writ. (I872)!.
`p. lvi, I am grooving down into work here. 1879 FROUDE
`C;esar ii. 10 Morality thus engrained in the national
`character and grooved into habits of action creates strength,
`as nothing else creates it. 1922 A. S. M. HuTCHINSON This
`Freedom 1. v, She found Anna grooved in the business of
`helping her mother in the house.
`5. intr. To play jazz or similar music with
`'swing'; to be 'in the groove' (see GROOVE sb. 4 b);
`to dance or listen to such music with great
`pleasure; hence, to make good progress or co(cid:173)
`operate; to get on well with someone; to make
`love. Also trans., to play (music) swingingly; to
`give pleasure to (a person). slang (orig. U.S.).
`1935 Vanity Fair Nov. 38/1 That's the third date we've
`grooved half a dozen schmaltzy tunes. 1937 in A mer. Speech
`XII. x82/1 Men who can lay on sugar or groove it. 1945
`'Dxzzy' GILLESPIE (title of tune) Groovin' high. 1959 Esquire
`Nov. 70 I, To groove someone means to provide them with
`enjoyment. Example: Her singing grooved me. 196o
`Melody Maker 3I Dec. 11/5 (record title) Benny Golson
`'Groovin' with Golson'. 1967 Observer (Colour Suppl.) 4
`Dec. 28 Groove, make good progress, co-operate. 1967
`Melody Maker 16 Dec. I0/7 The rhythm section .. grooves
`along in true Basie manner. 1968 Listener 5 Sept. 306/3 The
`radio Peel is quiet, self-mocking, sardonic and scornful of
`the 'let's move and groove to this latest gas group from
`Croydon' school of presentation. 1970 New Yorker 14 May
`34/2 Sad Arthur put away his boots and helmet .. to stay in
`Nutley and groove with the fair Lambie. 1970 Observer 24
`May 40/6 We're trying to get humanity to transcend its
`cultural limitations and groove with it.
`grooved (gru:vd), ppl. a. [f. GROOVE sb. and v.
`+ -ED.] Provided with or having