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`GE-1010.001
`
`

`
`Merriam-
`W Webster's
`Collegiate'
`Dictionary
`
`T E N T H E D I T I O N
`
`Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
`
`GE-1010.002
`
`

`
`A GENUINE MERRIAM-WEBSTER
`The name Webster alone is no guarantee of excellence. It is used by a
`number of publishers and may serve mainly to mislead an unwary
`buyer.
`
`Merriam- Webster™ is the name you should look for when you
`consider the purchase of dictionaries or other fine reference books.
`It carries the reputation of a company that has been publishing since
`1831 and is your assurance of quality and authority.
`
`Copyright © 2001 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`
`Philippines Copyright 2001 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`Main entry under title:
`
`Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary. — 10th ed.
`p.
`cm.
`Includes index.
`ISBN 0-87779-708-0 (unindexed : alk. paper). — ISBN 0-87779-709-9
`(indexed : alk. paper). — ISBN 0-87779-710-2 (deluxe indexed : alk. paper).
`— ISBN 0-87779-707-2 (laminated cover, unindexed).
`1. English language—Dictionaries. I. Merriam-Webster, Inc.
`PE1628.M36
`1998
`423—dc21
`
`97-41846
`CIP
`
`Merriam-Webster's Collegiate*' Dictionary, Tenth Edition principal copyright 1993
`
`COLLEGIATE is a registered trademark of Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book covered by the copyrights hereon may be
`reproduced or copied in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or me­
`chanical, including photocopying, taping, or information storage and retrieval
`systems—without written permission of the publisher.
`
`Made in the United States of America
`
`313233RT.WC01
`
`GE-1010.003
`
`

`
`twisting short textile fibers into a continue
`read 2 a : any of various natural fUanW1
`> b : a slender stream (as of water) c
`I: a projecting helical rib (as in a fittine nr5 a
`
`an be screwed together : SCREW THRILN an be screwed togetner : SCREW THRHAn
`•*
`>r drawn out: as a : a train of thought!,.
`f melancholy
`of melancholy marked all his writinaN A : a
`t 5 pi l CLOTHING
`thread.less Vbs\iJ
`>ass a thread through the eye of (a needier L
`n, or lead-in piece in working position for ,,,
`to pass something through in the manner „r
`re>
`(2) : to pass (as a tape, line, or filml hi*
`•ed a fresh film into the camera) b . tD
`tween <~/ng narrow alleys); also :'t0
`;ly through a hazardous situation 3 • )„
`hread : STRING <~ beads) 4 : to inters*?!!!
`. : INTERSPERSE (dark hair ~ed with silvers
`i on or in ~ vi 1: to make one's way 2 - to
`er n
`,ber\ adj (14c) 1: having the nap wom off tn
`IABBY 2 : exhausted of interest or freshn*
`bareness n
`1890) : any of various bony fishes (famiiv
`IUS Polydactyly) having filamentous nviiZ
`oral fin
`1802) : a long slender nematode worm
`?7) 1: consisting of or bearing fibers or fib-
`i : resembling a thread : FILAMENTOUS h
`/ out into strands : ROPY 3 : lacking in full,
`v <a ~ voice) — threadd-ness n
`repen, fr. OE threapian] (bef. 12c) 1 chiefh
`hiefly Scot: to maintain persistently
`r coercion, threat, fr. OE threat coercion- akin
`L trudere to push, thrust] (bef. 12c) i;
`> inflict evil, injury, or damage 2 : one that
`m of something impending <the sky held a ~
`ic : THREATEN
`ireat*ened; threat-en-ing N'thret-niq, 'thre-
`:r threats against 2 a : to give signs or warn-
`uds r^ed rain> b : to hang over dangerously
`ce as intended or possible <the workers
`r threats 2 : to portend evil — threat*en<er
`— threat*en*ing>Iy Vthret-niij-Ie, 'thre-tV
`aving an uncertain chance of continued jur­
`is); specif: likely to become an endangered
`ree, adj., fr. OE thrie (masc.), thrio (fera A
`ree, L tres, Gk treis] (bef. 12c) 1 — see NLM
`I a set or series <the ~ of hearts) 3 : some
`>r members — three adj — three prort, pi r -
`(1881) : TRIPLE
`1890) : relating to or being a golf match in
`>ete against one another with each play uif
`kard-X n (1854) : a gambling game in wbj
`irds, shuffles them, places them face down
`et they can identify the location of a parm >
`i adj (1893) : being or relating to a printiru, •
`:rein three primary colors are used to rtprc
`jubject
`bbr. of dimensional] (1951) : the ibm*
`in image or a picture produced in it — 3-D
`or\ n (1795) I: a wooden warship carry**
`TUPLE-DECKER
`t. 1891) 1: of or relating to three dimensi n»
`:pth or varying distances — used of an lm-**
`>n esp. when this illusion is enhanced bv
`icribing or being described in well-roui ea
`'sis of multiple historical processes
`t
`LIFEUKE
`,
`ld\ adj (bef. 12c) 1 : having three
`ing three times as great or as many
`V (1948) of a horse : trained to use the •'.it
`\ adj (1719) : played by three player. -
`I : a service of devotion between noon *4
`?lSgd; -'le-gad, -'ISA adj (1596): bavin, tlrti
`): a race between pairs of competitor' •
`icent legs bound together
`.
`931) : the musical octave that bepns < e
`— see PITCH illustration
`, J
`91) : the limit of the marginal sea
`torial waters of a state
`„nr hadla
`three cards of the same rank
`lend of three and repeat] (1988): a third
`
`uir
`
`'thri-, 'tbra-, US disc'
`penc*es : a coin worth thre pc
`"'thri-, 'thro-, US also 'thrf-,f*-n(V
`ence 2 : POOR
`
`^
`
`'
`
`^-phase adj (ca. 1900) : of, relating to, or operating by means of a
`®J3bination of three circuits energized by alternating electromotive
`that differ in phase by one third of a cycle
`ijjf-piece adj (ca. 1909) : consisting of or made in three pieces <a ~
`tail)
`landing n (1918) : an airplane landing in which the two
`>EHB wheels of the landing gear and the tail wheel or skid or nose
`jjgcl touch the ground simultaneously
`, ,c quarter adj (1677) : extending to three-quarters of the normal
`Bkngth <a~ sleeve)
`Lg^-qnarter-bonnd adj (ca. 1951) of a book : bound like a half*
`Sd book but having the material on the spine extended to cover
`vjut one third of the boards — three-quarter binding n
`xjge-rtag circus tt (1904) 1: a circus with simultaneous perform anc-
`"Jfri three rings 2 : something wild, confusing, engrossing, or enter-
`Sfa n Pi Ifr- the facetiously used phrase reading, Mting, and 'rith-
`«5c] (1828) 1 : the fundamentals taught in elementary school; esp
`leading, writing, and arithmetic 2 : the fundamental skills in a field
`4 endeavor
`^eevscore X'thre-'skfir, -'skorX adj (14c) : being three times twenty
`SDCTY
`twosome \'thre-sam\ n (14c) 1 : a group of three persons or things
`TRIO 2 : a golf match in which one person plays his ball against the
`i-fl of two others playing each stroke alternately
`Arte splned stickleback X'thre-
`x5d)-\ n (1769) : a stickleback
`festervsteus aculeatus) chiefly of
`jjsb and brackish waters that
`- fricaily has three dorsal spines
`toed sloth X'thre-'tSd-X n
`(lg79): any of a genus (Bradypus)
`; sloths having three clawed dig-
`three-spined stickleback
`A on each foot and nine verte­
`x in the neck — compare TWO-TOED SLOTH
`2jt<-wheel»er X-.hwe-lsr, -,we-\ n (1886) : any of various vehicles hav-
`three wheels
`a^node Vthre-,n6d, 'thre-X n (1858) : THRENODY — thre-noddc
`Tfj-'na-dikX adj — thren«o*dlst X'thre-na-distX n
`i(atn»o^dy X'thre-na-deX n, pi -dies [Gk threnoidia, fr. threnos dirge +
`Vifo'n to sing — more at DRONE, ODE] (1634): a song of lamentation
`{or the dead : ELEOY
`j?M>nine X'thre-a-jnenX n [prob. fr. threonic acid (C4Hg05)] (1936) : a
`dorless crystalline essential amino acid C4H9NO3
`[Utsh Vthrash, 'threshX vb [ME thresshen, fr. OE threscan; akin to OHG
`itdam to threshl vf (bef. 12c) 1 : to separate seed from (a harvested
`FLUAT) mechanically; also : to separate (seed) in this way 2 : THRASH 4
`h to strike repeatedly ^ vf 1: to thresh grain 2 : THRASH 2, 3
`thtd^er n (14c) 1: one that threshes; esp : THRESHINO MACHINE 2
`THRESHER SHARK
`!*otsher shark n (1888) : a large nearly cosmopolitan shark Q4lopias
`JPML0 having a greatly elongated curved upper lobe of its tail with
`itacb. it is said to thresh the water to round up the fish on which it
`-da — see SHARK illustration
`-rtshing machine n (1775) : a machine for separating grain crops into
`po or seeds and straw
`tknsh'old X'thresh-jhold,
`'thre^sholdX n [ME thresshold, fr. OE
`btscwald; akin to ON threskjpldr threshold, OE threscan to thresh]
`M. 12c) 1; the plank, stone, or piece of timber that lies under a door
`DLL 2 a: GATE, DOOR b (1) : END, BOUNDARY; specif: the end of a
`raway (2) J the place or point of entering or beginning : OUTSET <on
`te ~ of a new age) 3 a : the point at which a physiological or psy-
`ftobpcal effect begins to be produced b : a level, point, or value
`which something is true or will take place and below which it is
`if or will not
`AN* past of THROW
`da VthrisX adv [ME thrie, thries, fr. OE thriga; akin to OFris thria
`I Xrre times, OE thrie three] (13c) 1 : three times 2 a : in a threefold
`saner or degree b : to a high degree
`VthriftX n [ME, fr. ON, prosperity, fr. thrtfask to thrive] (13c) 1
`"2Siy and vigorous growth 2 : careful management esp. of money
`Scot: gainful occupation 4 : any of a genus (Armeria) of the
`1
`^rabago family of perennial evergreen acaulescent herbs; esp : a sca-
`|w*; herb (A. maritima) with pink or white flower heads 5 : a savings
`or savings and loan association — called also thrift institution
`•ruMess X'thrift-lasX adj (1568) 1 : lacking usefulness or worth 2
`^rcless, wasteful, or incompetent in handling money or resources
`JOVTOHNT — thriftdessdy adv — thrift-less.ness n
`"«t shop n (1944) : a shop that sells secondhand articles and esp.
`; and is often run for charitable purposes
`^^Pkrif-tSX adj thrift«i*er; -est (15c) 1: thriving by industry and
`I BS.i u PRosPEROUS 2 : growing vigorously 3 : given to or
`ERFFBY economy and good management
`syn see SPARINO —
`*|y \-ta-16\ adv •— thrift-i-ness X-te-nasX n
`VP tME thirlen, thrillen to pierce, fr. OE thyrlian, fr. thyrel
`^
`through — more at THROUGH] vt (1592) 1 a : to cause
`YI\WA
`*3 ki,nCC a suc^^en sharp feeling of excitement b : to cause to
`WILAJJ118 or ^tngling sensation 2 : to cause to vibrate or trem-
`1 ~ w ^ : to move or
`so 25 to cause a sudden wave
`C : to become thrilled: a : to experience a sudden sharp
`uiLfm
`V^nt b : TINGLE, THROB 3 : TREMBLE, VIBRATE — thrill n —
`Wjy Vthri-liu-leX adv
`n (^89) : one that thrills; esp : a work of fiction or
`°J"8ned to hold the interest by the use of a high degree of iq-
`or suspense
`rThvw
`n'p* ^brips [L, woodworm, fr. Gk] (1795) : any of an or-
`J hni ^r5°Ptera) of small to minute sucking insects most of which
`on plant juices
`^brove X'throvX or thrived; thriven X'thri-vanX also
`I
`3 o ' t t S i / f8 Vthri-viqX [ M E , f r . O N thtifask, prob. reflexive of
`ornS' , ^ * : to ^ vigorously : FLOURISH 2 : to gain in
`I
`pi — *i,5?sses?'oris : PROSPER 3 : to progress toward or realize a
`"bfrnjr X'thri-varX n
`
`|
`
`1225
`three-phase • throttle
`thriving adj (1607) : characterized by success or prosperity — thriv-
`ingdy X'thri-viq-leX adv
`thro X'thruX prep (15c) archaic : THROUGH
`'throat X'thrStX n [ME throte, fr. OE; akin to OHG drozza throat] (bef.
`12c) 1 a (1) : the part of the neck in front of the spinal column (2)
`: the passage through the neck to the stomach and lungs b (1) : VOICE
`(2) : the seat of the voice 2 : something resembling the throat esp. in
`being an entrance, a passageway, a constriction, or a narrowed part: as
`a : the orifice of a tubular organ esp. of a plant b : the opening in the
`vamp of a shoe at the instep c : the part of a tennis racket that con­
`nects the head with the shaft 3 : the curved part of an anchor's arm
`where it joins the shank — see ANCHOR illustration — at each other's
`throats : in open and aggressive conflict
`Hhroat vt (ca. 1611) 1: to utter in the throat: MUTTER 2 : to sing or
`enunciate in a throaty voice
`throated X'thro-tadX adj (ca. 1530) : having a throat esp. of a specified
`kind — usu. used in combination <whitc-throated>
`throat*latch X'thrdt-JachX n (1794) 1: a strap of a bridle or halter pass­
`ing under a horse's throat 2 : the part of a horse's throat around
`which the throatlatch passes — see HORSE illustration
`throaty X'thrd-teX adj throat»i*er; -est (ca. 1645) 1 : uttered or pro­
`duced from low in the throat <a ~ voice) 2 : heavy, thick, and deep
`as if from the throat <~ notes of a horn) — throat-My \,thro-t3l-e\
`adv — throat*i*ness X'thrd-te-nasX n
`'throb X'thrabX vi throbbed; throb-bing [ME throbben] (14c) 1 : to
`pulsate or pound with abnormal force or rapidity 2 : to beat or vi­
`brate rhythmically — throb*ber n
`'throb n (1579) : BEAT, PULSE
`throe X'thr6\ n [ME thrawe, throwe, fr. OE thrawu, threa threat, pang;
`akin to OHG drawa threat] (13c) 1: PANG, SPASM <death ~J>
`of
`childbirth) 2 pi: a hard or painful struggle <the <--# of revolutionary
`social change —M. D. Geismar)
`thromb- or thrombo- comb form [Gk thrombos clot] : blood clot: clot­
`ting of blood (thrombin) (thromboplastin
`thrombin X'thram-banX n [ISV] (1898) : a proteolytic enzyme that is
`formed from prothrombin and facilitates the clotting of blood by cata­
`lyzing conversion of fibrinogen
`to fibrin
`throm>bo*cyte \-ba-,sIt\ n PSV] (1893) : BLOOD PLATELET; also : an in­
`vertebrate cell with similar function — throm«bo«cytdc X.thram-ba-'si-
`tik\ adj
`throm*bo*cy<to*pe<nla Vhrarn-ba-.sl-ta-'pe-ne-a, -nya\ n [NL, fr. ISV
`thrombocyte + NL -o- + -penia] (1923) : persistent decrease in the num­
`ber of blood platelets that is often associated with hemorrhagic condi­
`tions — throm«bo>cy*to*pe*iiic \-nik\ adj
`throm*bo*em»bo*lism X^hram-bo-'em-ba-Ji-zamX n (1907) : the block­
`ing of a blood vessel by a partjele that has broken away from a blood
`clot at its site of formation — throm-bo«em.boMc X-em-'ba-likX adj
`throm>bo*ki*nase X.thram-bo-'ki-.nas, -,nazX n [ISV] (1908) : THROMBO­
`PLASTIN
`throm*bo*lyt»ic X,thram-b3-'li-tikX adj (1929) : destroying or breaking
`up a thrombus <a ~ agent) (^ therapy)
`throm«bo»phle»bi»tis X.thram-bd-fli-'bl-tssX n [NL] (ca. 1890) : inflam­
`mation of a vein with formation of a thrombus
`throm«bo*plas«tic X-'plas-tikX adj [ISV] (1911) : initiating or accelerat­
`ing the clotting of blood
`throm«bo»plas>tin \-'plas-tan\ n [ISV, fr. thromboplastin (1911): a com­
`plex enzyme found esp. in blood platelets that functions in the conver­
`sion of prothrombin into thrombin in the clotting of blood
`throm>bo*sis Xthram-'bo-sas, thram-X n, pi -bosses \-,sez\ [NL, fr. Gk
`thrombosis clotfing, fr. thrombousthai to become clotted, fr. thrombos
`clot] (1866) : the formation or presence of a blood clot within a blood
`vessel — throm-boMc X-'ba-tikX adj
`throm«box»ane \thram-'bak-,sanX « [thromb- + ox- + -one] (1975) : any
`of several substances that are formed from endoperoxides, cause con­
`striction of vascular and bronchial smooth muscle, and promote blood
`coagulation
`throm«bus X'thram-basX n, pi throm-bi \-,bT, -,be\ [NL, fr. Gk thrombos
`clot] (ca. 1693) : a clot of blood formed within a blood vessel and re­
`maining attached to its place of origin — compare EMBOLUS
`'throne X'thronX n [ME trone, throne, fr. OF trone, fr. L thronus, fr. Gk
`thronos — more at FIRM] (13c) 1 a : the chair of state of a sovereign or
`high dignitary (as a bishop) b : the seat of a deity 2 : royal power and
`dignity : SOVEREIGNTY 3 pi: an order of angels — see CELESTIAL HI­
`ERARCHY
`Jthrone vb throned; thron-lng vt (14c) I: to seat on a throne 2 : to
`invest with kingly rank or power ^ vi 1 : to sit on a throne 2 : to
`hold kingly power
`throne room n (1864) : a formal audience room containing the throne
`of a sovereign
`'throng X'thrdqX n [ME throng, throng, fr. OE thrang, gethrang; akin to
`OE thringan to prfcss, crowd, OHG dringan, Lith trenkti to jolt] (bef.
`12c) 1 a : a multitude of assembled persons b : a large number : HOST
`2 a : a crowding together of many persons b : PRESSURE <this ~ of
`business —S. R. Crockett) syn see CROWD
`'throng vb thronged; throngdng X'throrj-iqX vt (1534) 1 : to crowd
`upon : PRESS 2 : to crowd into : PACK <shoppers <~^ing the streets) ^
`vi : to crowd together in great numbers
`thros«tle \'thra-sol\ n [ME, fr. OE — more at THRUSH] (bef. 12c)
`: 'THRUSH 1; specif '• SONG THRUSH
`'throt*tle X'thrk-flX vb throt<tled; throttling X'thrat-liij, 'thra-t'l-iqX
`[ME throtlen, fr. throte throat] vt (15c) 1 a (I) : to compress the throat
`of: CHOKE (2) : to kill by §uch action b : to prevent or check expres­
`sion or activity of: SUPPRESS 2 a : to decrease the flow of (as steam or
`fuel to an engine) by a valve b : to regulate and esp. to reduce the
`speed of (as an engine) by such means c : to vary the thrust of (a rock­
`et engine) during flight
`vi : to throttle something (as an engine) —
`
`\a\ abut \a\ kitten, F table Xar\ further \a\ ash Xa\ ace \&\ mop, mar
`XaiiX out XchX chin XeX bet XeX easy XgX go XiX hit
`\IX Ice \j\ job
`XqXsing \o\go \o\law \6i\boy \th\thin XlhX the \u\loot \u\foot
`Xy\ yet \zh\ vision \a, k. n. ce, oS, us, fie, *X see Guide to Pronunciation
`
`<
`
`GE-1010.004
`
`

`
`throttle • thrum
`1226
`usu. used with back or down <the pilot throttled back> — throt-tler
`Vthrat-br, 'thra-t3l-3r\ n
`Hhrottle n [pcrh. fr. (assumed) ME, dim. of ME throte throat] (ca. 1547)
`1 a : THROAT la b : TRACHEA 1 2 a : a valve for regulating the supply
`of a fluid (as steam) to an engine; esp : the valve controlling the volume
`of vaporized fuel charge delivered to the cylinders of an internal com­
`bustion engine b : the lever controlling this valve c : the condition of
`being throttled — at full throttle : at full speed
`throt»tle*able Ythra-t'l-a-balX adj (1960) : capable of having the thrust
`varied — used of a rocket engine
`throt»tle*hold Ythra-t*l-,h61d\ n (1935) : a vicious, strangling, or stulti­
`fying control
`rough \'thru\ prep [ME thurh, thruh, through, fr. OE thurh; akin to
`'thro
`"
`OHG durh through, L trans across, beyond, Skt tarati he crosses over]
`(bef. 12c) 1 a (1) — used as a function word to indicate movement
`into at one side or point and out at another and esp. the opposite side
`of <drove a nail
`the board) (2) : by way of <left
`the door) (3)
`— used as a function word to indicate passage from one end or bound­
`ary to another (a highway ~ the forest) <a road ~ the desert) (4)
`: without stopping for : PAST <drove ~ a red light) b — used as a
`function word to indicate passage into and out of a treatment, han­
`dling, or process <the matter has already passed '-w her hands) 2 —
`used as a function word to indicate means, agency, or intermediacy: as
`a : by means of: by the agency of b: because of (failed ~ ignorance)
`c : by common descent from or relationship with <related ~ their
`grandfather) 3 a : over the whole surface or extent of: THROUGHOUT
`<homes scattered ~ the valley) b — used as a function word to indi­
`cate movement within a large expanse <flew ~ the air) c — used as a
`function word to indicate exposure to a specified set of conditions (put
`him ~ hell) 4 — used as a function word to indicate a period of time:
`as a : during the entire period of <all ~ her life) b : from the begin­
`ning to the end of <the tower stood ~ the earthquake) c : to and in­
`cluding (Monday ^ Friday) 5 a — used as a function word to indi­
`cate completion or exhaustion (got ~ the book) <went ~ the money
`in a year) b — used as a function word to indicate acceptance or ap-
`4roval esp. by an official body <got the bill
`- the legislature)
`trough \'thru\ adv (bef. 12c) 1: from one end or side to the other 2
`a : from beginning to end b : to completion, conclusion, or accom­
`plishment <see it ~> 3 : to the core : COMPLETELY (soaked ~> 4
`j into the open : OUT <break
`through Ythru\ adj (1523) 1 a : extending from one surface to another
`<a ~ mortise) b : admitting free or continuous passage : DIRECT <a
`'-w road) 2 a (1) : going from point of origin to destination without
`change or reshipment <a ~ train) (2) : of or relating to such move­
`ment <a '-w ticket) b : initiated at and destined for points outside a lo­
`cal zone <~ traffic) 3 a : arrived at completion or accomplishment
`<is — with the job) b : WASHED-UP, FINISHED
`through and through adv (15c) : in every way : THOROUGHLY
`through-com»posea \,thru-kam-'p6zd\ adj [trans, of G durchkompo-
`niert] of a song (1884) : having new music provided for each stanza —
`compare sTROPHIC
`through*ith»er or through»oth«er \'thru-(a-)ili3r\ adv ['through + other]
`(1596) chiefly Scot: in confusion : PROMISCUOUSLY
`throughdy \'thru-le\ adv (15c) archaic : in a thorough manner
`'throughout \thru-'aut\ adv (13c) 1 : in or to every part : EVERY­
`WHERE <of one color ~> 2 : during the whole time or action : from
`beginning to end <remained loyal
`throughout prep (13c) 1: all the way from one end to the other of: in
`or to every part of <cities ~ the United States) 2 : during the whole
`course or period of (troubled her ~ her life)
`throughput Ythru-,put\ n (ca. 1915) : OUTPUT, PRODUCTION <the ~ of
`a computer)
`through street n (1930) : a street on which the through movement of
`traffic is given preference
`throve past of THRIVE
`'throw \'thro\ vb threw \'thru\; thrown \'thron\; throw«ing [ME thra-
`wen, throwen to cause to twist, throw, fr. OE thrawan to cause to twist
`or turn; akin to OHG draen to turn, L terere to rub, Gk tribein to rub,
`tetrainein to bore, pierce] vt (14c) 1 a : to propel through the air by a
`forward motion of the hand and arm (^ a baseball) b : to propel
`through the air in any manner <a rifle that can ~ a bullet a mile) 2 a
`: to cause to fall (threw his opponent) b : to cause to fall off : UNSEAT
`<the horse threw its rider)
`c : to get the better of : OVERCOME <the
`problem didn't ~ her) 3 a: to fling (oneself) precipitately <threw her­
`self down on the sofa) b : to drive or impel violently : DASH <the ship
`was thrown on a reef) 4 a (1) : to put in a particular position or condi­
`tion <threw her arms around him) (2) : to put on or off hastily or care­
`lessly (threw on a coat) b : to bring to bear : EXERT (threw all his ef­
`forts into the boy's defense) c : BUILD, CONSTRUCT (threw a pontoon
`bridge over the river) 5 : to form or shape on a potter's wheel 6 : to
`deliver (a blow) in or as if in boxing 7 : to twist two or more filaments
`of into a thread or yam 8 a : to make a cast of (dice or a specified
`number on dice) b : ROLL la <~ a bowling ball) 9 : to give up
`: ABANDON 10 : to send forth : PROJECT <the setting sun threw long
`shadows) 11 : to make (oneself) dependent : commit (oneself) for
`help, support, or protection (threw himself on the mercy of the court)
`12 : to indulge in : give way to (threw a temper tantrum) 13 : to bring
`forth : give birth to : SIRE, PRODUCE <~S a good crop) (threw large lit­
`ters) 14 : to lose intentionally (~ a game) 15 : to move (a lever) so
`as to connect or disconnect parts of a clutch or switch; also : to make
`or break (a connection) with a lever 16 : to give by way of entertain­
`vi * CAST, HURL — throw*er \'thr6(-3)r\ n —
`ment (~ a party)
`throw one's weight around or throw one's weight about: to exer­
`cise influence or authority esp. to an excessive degree or in an objec­
`tionable manner — throw together 1 : to put together in a hurried
`and usu. careless manner <a bookshelf hastily thrown together> 2 : to
`bring into casual association <different kinds of people are thrown to­
`gether —Richard Sennett)
`syn THROW, CAST, TOSS, FLING, HURL, PITCH, SLING mean to cause to
`move swiftly through space by a propulsive movement or a propelling
`force. THROW is general and interchangeable with the other terms but
`may specif, imply a distinctive motion with bent arm <can throw a
`fastball and a curve), CAST USU. implies lightness in the thing thrown
`and sometimes a scattering (cast it to the winds), TOSS suggests a light
`
`or careless or aimless throwing and may imply an upw
`(tossed the coat on the bed). FLING stresses a violent thro
`the ring back in his face), HURL implies power as in thro-
`sive weight (hurled himself at the intruder), PITCH suggcj
`carefully at a target (pitch horseshoes), SLING stresses eii
`of whirling momentum in throwing or directness of ain
`bag over his shoulder).
`2throw n (1530) 1 a : an act of throwing, hurling, or flinginj
`act of throwing dice (2): the number thrown with a cast c
`method of throwing an opponent in wrestling or judo 2 :
`a missile may be thrown or light rays may be projected 3
`taking involving chance or danger; RISK, VENTURE 4: thi
`vertical displacement produced by a geological fault 5 a:
`movement given to a pivoted or reciprocating piece by a caj
`eccentric : STROKE b : the length of the radius of a crank i
`al crank radius of an eccentric or cam 6 a : a light cover
`bed) b : a woman's scarf or light wrap — a throw : f<
`} APIECE (copies are to be sold at $5 a throw —Harvey Bre
`'throw*away \'thrd-»-|Wa\ n (1903) 1: one that is or is de
`thrown away: as a : a free handbill or circular b : a line
`(as in a play) de-emphasized by casual delivery; esp : a joke
`delivered casually 2 : something made or done without c
`est
`2throwaway adj (1928) 1: designed to be thrown away :
`containers) 2 : written or spoken (as in a play) in a lo*
`emphatic manner <~ lines) 3 : NONCHALANT, CASUAL
`throw away vt (1530) 1 a : to get rid of as worthless or uni
`: DISCARD 2b 2 a : to use in a foolish or wasteful manner I
`b : to fail to take advantage of: WASTE 3 : to make (as a li
`unemphatic by casual delivery
`throw«back \'tfar6-,bak\ n (1888) 1 a : reversion to an ea
`phase : ATAVISM b : an instance or product of atavistic i
`: one that is suggestive of or suited to an earlier time or sty
`ners were a^toa more polite era)
`throw back vt (1840) 1: to delay the progress or advance
`2 : to cause to rely : make dependent (they are thrown
`... native intelligence —Michael Novak) 3 : REFLECT <*w
`to an earlier type or phase
`throw down vt (14c) 1 : to cause to fall : OVERTHROW
`TATE 3 : to cast off: DISCARD
`throw-in \'thr6-,in\ « (1881) : an act or instance of throvvi
`as a : a throw made from the touchline in soccer to put i
`in play after it has gone into touch b : a throw from an i
`the infield in baseball c : an inbounds pass in basketball
`throw in vt (1678) 1: to add as a gratuity or supplement
`duce or interject in the course of something : CONTRIBUTE
`in some ... sound effects on several songs —Tom Phillip
`TRIBUTE 3b 4 : ENGAGE (thro\y in the clutch) ~ vi: to a
`sociation or partnership : JOIN (agrees to throw in with a
`cop —Newsweeky — throw in the towel also throw in the
`abandon a struggle or contest: acknowledge defeat: GIVE
`throw off v/ (1618) 1 a : to free oneself from : get rid of <
`inhibitions) b : to cast off often in a hurried or vigor
`: ABANDON (threw off all restraint) c : DISTRACT, DI
`thrown off by a false scent) 2 : EMIT, GIVE OFF (stacks
`plumes of smoke) 3 : to produce in an offhand manner: »
`speed or facility (some little ... tune that the composer ht
`—James Hilton) 4 a : to cause to depart from an expectd
`course (mistakes threw his calculations off a bit) b : to ca
`a mistake : MISLEAD ~ vi 1 : to begin hunting 2 i to m
`tory comments
`throw out vt (1526) 1 a : to remove from a place, office,,
`ment usu. in a sudden or unexpected manner b : to B
`worthless or unnecessary 2 : to give expression to : UTTEJ
`a remark ... that utterly confounded him —Jean Stafford
`miss from acceptance or consideration : REJECT (the M
`thrown out> 4 : to make visible or manifest : DISPLAY <EM
`thrown out for the ... fleet to prepare for action —ArchiW
`5 : to leave behind : OUTDISTANCE 6 : to give forth from >1
`7 a : to send out b : to cause to project: EXTEND 8 : cq
`CONCERT (automobiles in line blocking the road ... thrci
`schedule out —F. D. Roosevelt) 9 : to cause to stand
`prominent 10 : to make a throw that enables a teammatl
`(a base runner)
`«
`throw over vt (1835) 1: to forsake despite bonds of attadnl
`2 : to refuse to accept: REJECT
`throw pillow n (1956) : a small pillow used esp. as a d«
`sory
`throw rug n (1928) : SCATTER RUO
`throw-ster Ythro-starX n (15c): one who throws textile fi
`throw up vt (15c) 1 : to raise quickly 2 : GIVE UP, 1 .
`... to throw up all intellectual work —Norman Mailer) J
`hurriedly (new houses thrown up almost overnight) 4 ? vr
`bring forth : PRODUCE 6 : to make distinct esp. by contn
`stand out 7 : to mention repeatedly by way of reproach m
`— throw up one's hands : to admit defeat (in the end n
`hands in despair —Frank Conroy)
`u
`throw weight n (1969) : the maximum payload of an ICBM
`thru var of THROUGH
`'thrum YthramX n [ME, fr. OE -thrum (in tungethrum
`tongue); akin to OHG drum fragment] (14c) 1 a (1):a
`threads left on the loom after the cloth has been remove
`these warp threads b : a tuft or short piece of rope
`thrumming canvas — usu. used in pi. c : BIT, PARTICLE
`ber, or threadlike leaf on a plant; also : a tuft or frins*1
`tures — thrum adj
`2thrum vt thrummed; thrum-ming (15c) 1 : to flu®'
`: FRINGE 2 : to insert short pieces of rope yarn or 3
`piece of canvas) to make a rough surface or a m»
`wrapped about rigging to prevent chafing
`thrum vb thrummed; thrum*ming [imit.] vi (1592)
`pluck a stringed instrument idly : STRUM 2 : to sound
`nous hum
`vt 1: to play (as a stringed instrument
`laxed manner 2 : to recite tiresomely or monotonor™
`
`GE-1010.005