`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
`
`1
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` IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
` ______________________________
` BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
` ______________________________
` GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,
` Petitioner,
` v.
` UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION,
` Patent Owner
` ______________________________
` Case No. IPR2016-00534
` Patent No. 8,365,513
`
` Videotaped Deposition of MAGDY ATTIA, PH.D.
` Washington, D.C.
` Friday, November 4, 2016
` 9:02 a.m.
`
`
`
`Reported by: Karen Young
`Videographer: Daniel Holmstock
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`UTC-2008.001
`GE v. UTC
`Trial IPR2016-00534
`
`
`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
`
`2
`
` Videotaped Deposition of MAGDY ATTIA,
`PH.D., taken at the law offices of:
` WEIL, GOTSHAL & MANGES, LLP
` 1300 Eye Street, Northwest, Suite 900
` Washington, D.C. 20005-3314
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`202-220-4158
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`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
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`UTC-2008.002
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`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
`
`3
`
`APPEARANCES:
` On Behalf of General Electric Company:
` CHRISTOPHER PEPE, ESQ.
` ANISH DESAI, ESQ.
` Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP
` 1300 Eye Street, Northwest, Suite 900
` Washington, D.C. 20005-3314
` christopher.pepe@weil.com
` (202) 682-7153
`
` On Behalf of United Technologies Corporation:
`
` DANIEL C. COOLEY, ESQ.
` Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow,
` Garrett & Dunner, LLP
` Two Freedom Square
` 11955 Freedom Drive
` Reston, Virginia 20190-5675
` DANIEL.COOLEY@FINNEGAN.COM
` (571) 203-2700
` MICHAEL J. VALAIK, ESQ.
` Bartlit Beck Herman Palenchar & Scott LLP
` Courthouse Place
` 54 West Hubbard Street
` Chicago, Illinois 60654
` michael.valaik@bartlit-beck.com
` (312) 494-4403
`
` ALSO PRESENT:
`
` Troy Prince, Esq., Pratt & Whitney
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`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
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`UTC-2008.003
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`
`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
`
`4
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` C O N T E N T S
`THE WITNESS:
`MAGDY ATTIA, PH.D.
` By Mr. Valaik.............................. 6
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` E X H I B I T S
`EXHIBIT NO. PAGE NO.
`Exhibit 1001 U.S. Patent No. 8,365,513........... 22
`Exhibit 1003 Declaration of Magdy Attia, Ph.D.... 22
`Exhibit 1011 Quiet Clean Short-Haul Experimental
` Engine Final Report................. 41
`Exhibit 1014 Excerpts from "Elements of Gas
` Turbine Propulsion"................. 20
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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` P R O C E E D I N G S
` - - -
` THE VIDEOGRAPHER: Good morning. This is
`Video Number 1 in the video-recorded deposition of
`Dr. Magdy Attia, taken in the matter of General
`Electric Company, petitioner, verse United
`Technologies Corporation, patent owner, pending
`before the United States Patent and Trademark Office
`before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, IPR Number
`2016-00534 for patent number 8,365,513. This
`deposition is being held at the law offices of Weil
`Gotshal at 1300 Eye Street, Northwest, Ninth Floor in
`Washington, D.C. on November 4th, 2016. The time on
`the video screen is 9:02 a.m. My name is Daniel
`Holmstock, and with me is Karen Young. We are in
`association with Henderson Legal Services, located at
`1560 Wilson Boulevard in Arlington, Virginia. For
`the record now will counsel please introduce
`themselves and whom they represent.
` MR. PEPE: Chris Pepe from Weil, Gotshal &
`Manges representing General Electric.
` MR. VALAIK: Mike Valaik, Bartlit Beck,
`
`202-220-4158
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`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
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`UTC-2008.005
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`
`
`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`Chicago, for United Technologies Corporation, and I
`have with me Dan Cooley from Finnegan Henderson in
`Washington, D.C., and Troy Prince, who is with the
`Pratt & Whitney division of United Technologies
`Corporation.
` THE VIDEOGRAPHER: The court reporter
`please administer the oath.
`Whereupon,
` MAGDY ATTIA, PH.D.,
` called for examination by counsel for
` United Technologies Corporation and having
` been duly sworn by the Notary Public, was
` examined and testified as follows:
` - - -
` EXAMINATION BY COUNSEL FOR
` UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
` BY MR. VALAIK:
` Q. Good morning, Dr. Attia.
` A. Good morning, sir.
` Q. Before we get started with the question and
`answers, I wanted to just go over a few ground rules
`to hopefully make today go more smoothly. First, if
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`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`I ask a question you don't understand, just tell me
`you don't understand the question and I'll try to do
`a better job and ask a better question that you do
`understand.
` Second, let me finish my question. I hope
`to afford you, sir, that same courtesy of finishing
`your answer, and then we make the court reporter's
`job much easier. And then third and finally, if you
`want to take a break, just tell me you want to take a
`break, and that's what we'll do, with the exception
`being if there's a pending question, I'll ask that
`you answer my question and, you know, then we can go
`ahead and take a break. Is that okay, sir?
` A. That sounds fine.
` Q. And today we're going to be talking about
`U.S. patent number 8,365,513, and if it's all right
`with you, sir, I'm going to refer to that today as
`the '513 patent. Is that okay?
` A. Yes.
` Q. When did you first start consulting for GE
`on the '513 patent?
` A. Little over a year ago in the fall of 2015.
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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` Q. When you first started consulting, did
`counsel for GE send you materials to review, sir?
` A. Yes.
` Q. What did they send you?
` A. They sent me the patent, as well as the
`prosecution history, and various documents
`constituting prior art.
` Q. When you say various documents constituting
`prior art, can you be more specific?
` A. Yes, various documents that I used in my
`review in addition to documents I already had. Later
`I learned that these documents are called prior art
`in the legal terms. Examples are various patents,
`such as the one by Gisslen, and Harloff, and one by
`Harner, as well as the Willis report.
` Q. When you received the Willis report, is
`that the first time you'd ever seen that publication?
` A. No.
` Q. You had read the Willis report prior to
`receiving it from GE counsel?
` A. Various parts of it. Not in its entirety.
` Q. Prior to your work in this case, for what
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`purpose were you reviewing the Willis reference?
` A. I teach the capstone design class at the
`university. That class focuses on the design of
`turbo fan engines for commercial or military
`applications. When I teach the section on combustion
`chambers, I like to point out to my students the
`double annular dome design. Invariably, students
`will Google that. The figure from Willis pops up.
`They download the report and bring it to me to see
`me. So the first time I saw it would be many years
`ago, and then I see it once a year or once -- or
`every other year whenever I teach that -- that
`section, that class.
` Q. Sir, are you being paid for your consulting
`work here on the '513 patent?
` A. Yes.
` Q. Do you know how much you have received to
`date for your work on the '513 patent?
` A. I don't know the exact number, but
`somewhere in the neighborhood of $50,000.
` Q. Can you approximate, sir, how many hours
`you have spent on your consulting work for the '513
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`patent?
` A. For the '513 patent, I would have to look
`at my spreadsheet. I keep tabs on all my hours, so
`-- so the answer's no.
` Q. What industry experience do you have
`working on variable area fan nozzles?
` A. Okay, industry experience.
` Q. Yes, sir.
` A. Okay. During my tenure at Embry-Riddle, I
`had the opportunity to engage in developing a
`proposal. In that proposal, we proposed to design a
`scaled engine test facility for an aerospace company,
`major aerospace company. During the engine selection
`process, we settled on a Rolls Royce AE 3007 engine
`as the most likely engine to do the job. We began
`negotiating with Rolls Royce to provide technical
`support.
` We then learned that Rolls Royce sells this
`engine with nozzles of different sizes. They offer
`-- when you buy the engine, they offer -- you can buy
`it with nozzle A, B or C, nozzle A having a larger
`area, nozzle B having an intermediate area, nozzle C
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`having a small area, and then it became necessary for
`us to -- to understand what the impact of that area
`is on the performance of the fan, which was very
`important for the ultimate customer.
` Q. Sir, in your identification of the Rolls
`Royce engine with varying nozzle sizes, those are
`fixed nozzle engines, correct?
` A. Correct.
` Q. And earlier, when I asked you the initial
`question regarding industry experience, you mentioned
`a proposal that you made. Was that proposal to Rolls
`Royce?
` A. No.
` Q. Did the proposal include specification of
`an engine that included a variable area fan nozzle?
` A. No.
` Q. Besides what you've just described in your
`work with regard to the Rolls Royce engines, do you
`have any industry experience with respect to variable
`area fan nozzles?
` A. Industry experience, no.
` Q. Let's turn to the classroom, sir. In your
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`teaching both graduate and undergraduate classes, do
`you teach about variable area fan nozzles?
` A. Yes.
` Q. Please explain.
` A. I teach the capstone design class for the
`propulsion track. I alternate semesters. One
`semester I will teach a -- the focus will be a
`commercial engine. One semester the focus will be
`military engine. For the military engines, we always
`select an engine that has a variable area bypass
`nozzle. So I teach the students how to design one,
`how to assess the impact on the performance of the
`bypass, the impact on the fan performance, the impact
`on the cycle, how to go about constructing one, the
`mechanical aspects of it.
` When we -- when the focus of the class is a
`commercial engine, if it's a smaller engine, the
`subject doesn't come up, but if it's a large high
`bypass engine or an ultra high bypass engine, the
`students eventually are led to discover that they
`might need to change the area of the fan nozzle at
`altitude. So the topic then comes up, they ask me,
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`and we go into the specifics of a variable area fan
`nozzle.
` Q. When you go into the specifics of the
`variable area fan nozzle in the course of your
`teaching, sir, do you use any references or textbooks
`or publications to assist in your teaching?
` A. I generally just explain the pros and cons
`on the board, but I do have a list of recommended
`books. One or two of them discusses the topic in
`moderate details.
` Q. Have you authored any publications that are
`relevant to your analysis of the '513 patent?
` A. I don't recall.
` Q. You didn't cite any of your publications in
`your declaration, did you, sir?
` A. No, I did not.
` Q. Have you ever designed a variable area fan
`nozzle?
` A. One that was eventually certified, no, but
`we -- we work on preliminary design in the classroom.
` Q. When you say that we work on preliminary
`design in the classroom, the we there is you and the
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`students, correct?
` A. Correct.
` Q. Do you use any computer software to assist
`in these preliminary designs?
` A. We only use Excel, Microsoft Excel.
` Q. In what capacity do you use Excel?
` A. The purpose of the class of course is
`education, so I don't allow the students to use any
`commercial software that might do the work for them,
`so by insisting that they use Excel, they have to
`program all the parameters themselves in the code.
`Naturally this is an undergraduate class, so the
`level of knowledge expected is commensurate with a
`senior student.
` Q. And you have a lab at Embry-Riddle you're
`in charge of, right, sir?
` A. I do.
` Q. In the lab, have you ever designed a
`variable area fan nozzle?
` A. No.
` Q. And you've never built a variable area fan
`nozzle in the lab, correct?
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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` A. Correct.
` Q. Can you name commercial production engines
`that use a variable area fan nozzle?
` A. Most military engines use variable area
`nozzles, the F-100, the F-119, the F-135, the F-404.
`Most military engines for fighter applications will
`use a variable area bypass nozzle.
` Q. I'm going to ask you a question about that
`answer here in just a second, but my question, sir,
`was can you name any commercial production engines
`that use a variable area fan nozzle.
` A. Oh, I'm sorry, I didn't hear the commercial
`part.
` Q. That's okay, sir.
` A. No, I cannot.
` Q. Now, in your answer where you identified
`military engines, you used the term "variable area
`nozzle" for those military applications.
` A. Yes.
` Q. And just so we're clear today, do you see
`any differences, are there differences between a
`variable area nozzle used in military applications
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`and variable area fan nozzles used in commercial
`applications?
` MR. PEPE: Objection, form.
` A. I do.
` Q. Please explain.
` A. In the military engines, usually it is a
`mixed flow engine, which means that the core and the
`fan share a nozzle, and in the military engines,
`there would be an after-burner behind the cone --
`behind the core. A commercial engine would not have
`an after-burner.
` Q. So it's fair to say then, sir, that a
`variable area nozzle used in military applications is
`different from a variable area fan nozzle in
`commercial applications?
` A. In some respects, yes.
` Q. Do you consider yourself an expert, sir, in
`variable area fan nozzles?
` A. To the extent of understanding the '513
`patent and giving an opinion on it, yes.
` Q. And is that based on your teaching
`experience?
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`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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` A. My -- my experience during my Ph.D., my
`experience I gained preparing for the class, and my
`experience working on the proposal that I mentioned
`earlier.
` Q. When did you work on that proposal?
` A. I worked on that proposal for approximately
`two years, between 2012 and 2014 time frame.
` Q. And that was for Rolls Royce, sir?
` A. The engine that we selected for the
`proposal was a Rolls Royce engine, but the customer
`was not Rolls Royce.
` Q. Besides your consulting work here on the
`'513 patent, have you ever consulted for GE with
`respect to variable area fan nozzles?
` A. No.
` Q. And besides your consulting work here in
`the '513 patent IPR as well as other IPRs you're
`involved in, sir, have you ever consulted for GE
`separate and apart from the IPR work?
` A. No.
` Q. Besides counsel for GE, have you ever
`discussed variable area fan nozzles with engineers
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`202-220-4158
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`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
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`UTC-2008.017
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`
`
`Attia, Magdy
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`Case No. IPR2016-00534
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`November 4, 2016
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`that work at GE?
` A. No.
` Q. Prior to your work in the '513 patent case
`here, sir, you were familiar with variable area fan
`nozzles, correct?
` A. Yes.
` Q. And when you received the materials from GE
`counsel, which you specified as the patent,
`prosecution history and prior art, did you look at
`any other references or materials to familiarize
`yourself again with variable area fan nozzles when
`you received the materials?
` A. Did you say prior to -- can you repeat the
`question please?
` Q. Yes, sir. When you received the materials
`from GE counsel, which earlier you specified were the
`patent, the prosecution history and some prior art,
`did you go look at other references at that time
`separate and apart from what GE counsel sent you to
`refamiliarize yourself with this subject?
` A. Yes.
` Q. What did you look at?
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`202-220-4158
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`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
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`UTC-2008.018
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`
`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
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` A. I have a collection of books. I looked
`through them, or material. I looked at the -- the --
`the military engines that I spoke of, and of course,
`I had, you know, some previous experience from my
`Ph.D., and I reviewed some of my notes on the -- on
`the nozzle component that I authored back then.
` Q. When you refer to your experience from your
`Ph.D., can you explain how that's specific to
`variable area fan nozzles?
` A. Yes, for my Ph.D. dissertation, I was
`tasked with writing a computer code that assesses the
`design and off-design performance of gas turbine
`engines, so that work entailed that I write computer
`programs describing each component, such as inlets,
`compressors, turbines, combustion chambers, nozzles
`et cetera. So I had spent some time studying nozzles
`and writing a computer program that simulated the
`performance of nozzles.
` Q. Was your Ph.D. dissertation work pointed
`toward engine optimization?
` MR. PEPE: Objection, form.
` A. No, it was pointed towards performance
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`UTC-2008.019
`
`
`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
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`assessment, design and off-design performance
`assessment.
` Q. What was the title of your Ph.D.
`dissertation, if you remember, sir?
` A. I don't remember the exact verbiage. It's
`on my C.V.
` Q. And a minute ago when you said in one of
`the answers materials you authored, were you
`referring to your dissertation there, sir?
` A. Yes, it's -- when I said authored, I -- I
`meant writing a computer program to -- to simulate
`the behavior of -- of the parts.
` Q. I'm going to hand you now, Dr. Attia, what
`was included as GE-1014 in the petition, and it is
`excerpts of a textbook titled "Elements of Gas
`Turbine Propulsion" written by Jack D. Mattingly. Is
`this one of the references you referred to as just a
`general source when you received materials from GE
`counsel?
` A. Yes.
` Q. And the excerpts that are included here in
`GE-1014 of Dr. Mattingly's textbook, are these
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`202-220-4158
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`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
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`UTC-2008.020
`
`
`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
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`excerpts you put together, sir?
` A. I have the book in my library, so I --
`whenever I saw that one of the references was the
`book, I -- I didn't open the PDF. I find it very
`difficult to read such large documents in PDF, so I
`just grabbed my book from the library.
` Q. And when you make this reference to the
`PDF, is one of the PDFs that GE counsel initially
`sent you excerpts of Dr. Mattingly's textbook?
` A. I don't recall if it was excerpts or the
`entire book. Like I said, I didn't open.
` Q. And the specific question I'm trying to get
`at right now, Dr. Attia, is were you sent
`Dr. Mattingly's textbook, or is that something you
`found on your own when you started your work in the
`'513 patent?
` A. I was -- I was aware of it. We used the
`class in the preliminary design class.
` Q. And does Dr. Mattingly's textbook talk
`about variable area fan nozzles?
` A. I believe I address that in my declaration.
`I can dig up the specific paragraph if you want.
`
`202-220-4158
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`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`UTC-2008.021
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`
`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
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` Q. I was just looking for a yes or no answer,
`whether it did. I mean, we can look at your
`declaration if that helps you, sir, but --
` A. Yeah, we can look at the declaration.
` Q. Sure.
` A. We can dig up the exact paragraph.
` Q. Let's do that, and just then at this time,
`I'm going to hand you, because we're going to be
`talking about it today, GE-1001, which is the '513
`patent itself, and then I'll also give you, sir, what
`is GE-1003, which is a copy of your declaration,
`which we'll also be asking questions about today. So
`if you could specify then, Dr. Attia, what you were
`referring to earlier where Dr. Mattingly's book
`addresses variable area fan nozzles?
` A. Do you have chapter 10?
` Q. I should have exactly what you have, so if
`you want to -- if you're referring to something -- a
`page right now specifically, Dr. Attia, I have that
`page right here. I didn't --
` A. No, I mean, this -- this -- this is not the
`entire book.
`
`202-220-4158
`
`Henderson Legal Services, Inc.
`www.hendersonlegalservices.com
`
`UTC-2008.022
`
`
`
`Attia, Magdy
`
`Case No. IPR2016-00534
`
`November 4, 2016
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` Q. Correct.
` A. Okay. I believe the nozzle -- the nozzle
`is in chapter 10. I would have to look there, but
`it's not -- it's not in this -- in this document.
` Q. So Dr. Mattingly's discussion of variable
`area fan nozzles isn't included in GE-1014 here, the
`excerpt, sir?
` A. I think I used the -- the 1014 reference
`throughout my declaration.
` Q. Yes, sir.
` A. But I can't recall specifically if it -- if
`it has specific information on variable area fan
`nozzles or I just used the information to highlight
`certain -- certain technologies.
` Q. Did you select the excerpts from
`Dr. Mattingly's book here to copy for pur