Page 1 0f17
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`PHILIPS EXHIBIT 2002
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`WAC V. PHILIPS
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`IPR2016-01455
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`Page 1 of 17
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`PHILIPS EXHIBIT 2002
`WAC v. PHILIPS
`IPR2016-01455
`
`

`
`AMERICAN
`ELECTRICIANS’
`HANDBOOK
`
`Fourteenth Edition
`
`Terrell Croft (Deceased)
`
`Wilford I. Summers
`
`McGRAW-HILL
`
`New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid
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`Page 2 of 17
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`

`
`Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the Library of Congress
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`McGraw-Hill
`A Dii’ision of IheMcGrawHiU Companies
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`Copyright © 2002, 1996, 1992, 1987, 1981, 1970, 1961 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,
`Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under
`the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
`distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system,
`without the prior written permission of the publisher.
`
`Copyright renewed 1976, 1970 by Vida N. Carr.
`
`Copyright 1953, 1948, 1942, 1936, 1932, 1921, 1913 by McGraw-Hill, Inc. All rights
`reserved.
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`1234567890D0C/D0C08765432
`
`ISBN 0-07-137735-2
`
`The sponsoring editor for this book was Scott L. Grillo and the production supervisor was
`Pamela A. Pelton. It was set in Times Roman by Pro-Image Corporation.
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`Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) from sources believed to be reliable. However, neither McGraw
`Hill nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published
`herein, and neither McGraw-Hill nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors,
`omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. This work is published with
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`required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.
`
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`Page 3 of 17
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`CONTENTS
`
`Preface to the Fourteenth Edition
`
`xi
`
`Division 1
`
`FUNDAMENTALS
`
`Useful Tables / 1.2
`Conversion Factors / 1.9
`Graphical Electrical Symbols / 1.12
`Principles of Electricity and Magnetism: Units / 1.21
`Measuring, Testing, and Instruments / 1.70
`Harmonics / 1.100
`
`Division 2
`
`PROPERTIES AND SPLICING OF CONDUCTORS
`
`Electrical Conducting Wires and Cables / 2.)
`Cable Joints and Terminal Connections / 2.76
`Aluminum-Building-Wire Installation Practices / 2.120
`Termination and Splice Kits / 2.137
`
`Division 3 CIRCUITS AND CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS
`
`Types of Circuits / 3.1
`Electrical Systems / 3.7
`Circuit Calculations / 3.20
`
`Division 4 GENERAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND BATTERIES
`
`Introduction / 4.1
`Switches / 4.1
`Installation of Switches / 4.32
`Protective Devices / 4.34
`Switchboards and Switchgear / 4.72
`Panelboards / 4.82
`General Wiring Materials and Devices / 4.92
`Power Capacitors / 4.133
`/ 4.140
`Batteries: General
`Primary Batteries / 4.141
`/ 4.145
`Storage Batteries: General
`Lead-Acid Storage Batteries / 4.149
`Nickel-Iron-Alkaline Batteries / 4.162
`Nickel-Cadmium Batteries / 4.173
`
`V
`
`1.1
`
`2.1
`
`3.1
`
`4.1
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`Page 4 of 17
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`
`vi
`
`CONTENTS
`
`Installation of Storage Batteries / 4.187
`General Construction Materials / 4.190
`
`Division 5 TRANSFORMERS
`
`5.1
`
`Construction, Types, and Characteristics / 5.1
`Connections: Polarity / 5.53
`Single-Phase Connections / 5.55
`Two-Phase Connections / 5.57
`Three-Phase Connections / 5.58
`Special Transformer Connections / 5.67
`Connections for Three-Phase Transformers / 5.76
`Parallel Operation / 5.77
`Connections and Applications of Autotransformers / 5.79
`Installation, Care, and Operation / 5.82
`Provisions for Different Types of Transformers / 5.86
`Provisions for Transformer Vaults / 5.88
`The Noise Problem / 5.101
`Pole and Platform Mounting / 5.104
`Saturable-Core Reactor / 5.110
`
`Division 6 SOLID-STATE DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
`
`Fundamentals of Electronics / 6.1
`Discrete Solid-State Components / 6.4
`Integrated Circuits / 6.42
`Integrated-Circuit Logic Functions / 6.49
`Microcomputers / 6.73
`Electronic Memories / 6.78
`Product Reliability / 6.91
`
`Division 7 GENERATORS AND MOTORS
`
`Principles, Characteristics and Management of DC Generators (Dynamos) / 7.]
`Principles, Characteristics, and Management of AC Generators (Alternators) / 7.44
`Principles, Characteristics, and Management of Electric Motors / 7.58
`Direct-Current Motors / 7.66
`Alternating-Current Motors / 7.77
`Conversion Equipment / 7.128
`Troubles of AC Motors and Generators: Their Localization and Correction / 7.131
`Care of Motors / 7.139
`Control Equipment for Motors I 7.149
`Motor Drives and Application I 7.2 16
`Motor Circuits / 7.240
`Control Circuits / 7.261
`Air-Conditioning and Refrigeraing Equipment / 7.262
`Engine- and Gas-Turbine Generators / 7.2 70
`
`6.1
`
`7.1
`
`L
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`c
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`Page 5 of 17
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`CONTENTS
`
`Division 8 OUTSIDE DISTRIBUTION
`
`Pole Lines: General, Construction, and Equipment / 8.1
`Pole-Line Construction / 8.36
`Pole-Line Guying / 8.59
`Underground Wiring / 8.69
`Grounding of Systems / 8.89
`
`Division 9
`
`INTERIOR WIRING
`
`vii
`
`8.1
`
`9.1
`
`/ 9.1
`General
`Open Wiring On Insulators / 9.17
`Concealed Knob-and-Tube Wiring / 9.26
`Rigid-Metal-Conduit and Intermediate-Metal-Conduit Wiring / 9.27
`Interior or Aboveground Wiring with Rigid Nonmetallic Conduit / 9.59
`Flexible-Metal-Conduit Wiring / 9.64
`Liquidtight Flexible-Metal-Conduit Wiring / 9.67
`Metal-Clad—Cable Wiring: Types AC and MC / 9.68
`Surface-Raceway Wiring / 9.72
`Electrical-Metallic-Tubing Wiring / 9.89
`Nonmetallic-Sheathed—Cable Wiring / 9.93
`Mineral-Insulated Metal-Sheathed—Cable Wiring / 9.97
`Medium-Voltage—Cable Wiring / 9.105
`Underground-Feeder and Branch-Circuit—Cable Wiring / 9.106
`Interior Wiring with Service-Entrance Cable / 9.106
`Underfloor-Raceway Wiring / 9.108
`Wireway Wiring I 9.124
`Busway Wiring / 9.126
`Cellular-Metal-Floor—Raceway Wiring / 9.161
`Cellular-Concrete-Floor—Raceway Wiring / 9.171
`Wiring with Multioutlet Assemblies / 9.179
`Cablebus Wiring / 9.185
`Cable Trays / 9.190
`General Requirements for Wiring Installations / 9.195
`Crane Wiring / 9.238
`Wiring for Circuits of Over 600 Volts / 9.246
`Wiring for Circuits of Less Than 50 Volts I 9.249
`Wiring for Hazardous Locations / 9.249
`Installation of Appliances / 9.251
`Electric Comfort Conditioning / 9.253
`Wiring for Electric Signs and Outline Lighting / 9.2 76
`Remote-Control, Signaling, and Power-Limited Circuits / 9.281
`Wiring for Special Occupanices / 9.285
`Design of Interior-Wiring Installations / 9.286
`Wiring for Residential Outdoor Lighting I 9.291
`Wiring for Commercial and Industrial Occupancies / 9.296
`Farm Wiring I 9.331
`
`Division 10 ELECTRIC LIGHTING
`
`10.1
`
`Principles and Units / 10.1
`Electric-Light Sources / 10.24
`Incandescent (Filament) Lamps I 10.24
`
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`Page 6 of 17
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`
`vi”
`
`CONTENTS
`
`Fluorescent Lamps / 10.39
`Gaseous-Discharge Lamps / 10.64
`Neon Lamps / 10.79
`Ultraviolet-Light Sources / 10.86
`Infrared Heating Lamps I 10.89
`Luminaires / 10.91
`Principles of Lighting-Installation Design / 10.111
`Tables for Interior Illumination Design / 10.129
`Interior-Lighting Suggestions I 10.132
`Heat with Light for Building Spaces / 10.136
`Street Lighting / 10.139
`Floodlighting / 10.143
`
`Division 11 OPTICAL FIBER
`
`11.1
`
`I 11.1
`General
`Cabling I 11.4
`Connectors / 11.5
`Splices / 11.6
`Testing / 11.6
`Basic Terminology / 11.6
`Light Sources / 11.17
`Types of Optical Fibers / 11.21
`Breakout Kits / 11.28
`Safety / 11.31
`Non-Communication Applications / 11.40
`
`Division 12 WIRING AND DESIGN TABLES
`
`12.1
`
`Standard Sizes of Lamps for General Illumination, in Watts I 12.3
`Demand Factors and Data for Determining Minimum Loads / 12.4
`Full-Load Currents of Motors I 12.10
`Capacitor Ratings for Use with Three-Phase 60-Hz Motors / 12.14
`Ampacities of Conductors / 12.14
`Ampacity of Flexible Cords and Cables I 12.28
`Ampacity of Fixture Wires I 12.30
`Ampacity of Aluminum Cable, Steel-Reinforced / 12.31
`Ampacity of Parkway Cables Buried Directly in Ground / 12.31
`Number of Conductors in Conduit and Dimensions / 12.32
`Compact Aluminum Wire and Dimensions / 12.37
`Switches-Termination Space / 12.38
`Switch-Gutter and Termination Space / 12.39
`Enclosed Switch Wiring Space / 12.40
`Elevation of Unguarded Parts above Working Space / 12.42
`Ordinary Ratings of Overload Protective Devices, in Amperes / 12.43
`Nonrenewable Cartridge Fuses I 12.43
`Ratings and Number of Overload Protective Devices I 12.49
`Motor Code Letters and Locked-Rotor Kilovolt-Amperes I 12.51
`Maximum Ratings for Motor Branch-Circuit Protection / 12.52
`Conversion Table of Single-Phase Locked Rotor Currents / 12.53
`Conversion Table of Polyphase Design B, C, D, and E Maximum Locked Rotor
`Currents I 12.54
`Horsepower Ratings of Fused Switches / 12.55
`Minimum Branch-Circuit Sizes for Motors I 12.57
`
`ln
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`CONTENTS
`
`ix
`
`Maximum Allowable Voltage Drop / 12.58
`Graph for Computing Copper-Conductor Sizes According to Voltage Drop / 12.59
`Data for Computing Voltage Drop / 12.60
`Metric Practice / 12.69
`
`Index follows Division 12
`
`
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`Page 8 of 17
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`

`
`I
`
`DIVISION 10
`ELECTRIC LIGHTING
`
`principles and Units
`ElectricLight Sources
`IncafldeSCeIt (Filament) Lamps
`Fluorescent Lamps
`Qaseous-Discharge Lamps
`Neon Lamps
`ultraviolet-Light Sources
`Infrared Heating Lamps
`LumiflaireS
`principles of Lighting-Installation Design
`Tables for Interior Illumination Design
`Interior-Lighting Suggestions
`Heat with Light for Building Spaces
`Street Lighting
`Floodlighting
`
`10.1
`10.24
`10.24
`10.39
`10.64
`10.79
`10.86
`10.89
`10.91
`10.111
`10.129
`10.132
`10.136
`10.139
`10.143
`
`PRINCIPLES AND UNITS
`
`1. Explanation of light. Light (Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers)
`may be defined as radiant energy of those wavelengths to which the human eye is
`sensitive. Figure 10.1 shows the complete radiant-energy spectrum of electromag
`netic waves, which travel through space at the velocity of approximately 186,000
`mi/s. The longer waves are the ones used in radio communications; the shortest
`ones ase the x-rays and cosmic rays. The waves to which the eye is sensitive are
`those near the middle of the spectrum, of a length of about 0.0004 to 0.0008 mm.
`An enlarged section of this part of the spectrum is shown in the figure.
`The effect of light upon the eye gives us the sensation of sight. The impression
`of color depends upon the wavelength of the light falling upon the eye. There are
`three primary colors of light: red, green, and violet. Violet light has the shortest
`wavelength of the radiant energy to which the eye is sensitive, red the longest, and
`green an intermediate wavelength between those of violet and red. These three
`colors are called the primary colors, because light of any one of them cannot be
`produced by combining light of any other colors. Light of any other color than
`these three can be produced by combining in the proper proportions light of two
`or all three of the primary colors.
`
`10.1
`
`
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`Page 9 of 17
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`

`
`5C
`
`Ti
`
`s 5
`
`1
`sh
`
`wp
`
`e
`se
`
`thi
`in
`or
`
`j
`
`L
`
`10.24
`
`DIVISION 0
`
`ELECTRIC-LIGHT SOURCES
`
`47. Electric-light sources may be classified as follows:
`
`A. Visible-light sources
`1. Incandescent (filament)
`2. Fluorescent
`3. High-intensity—discharge (mercury, metal halide, and high-pressure sodium)
`4. Other gaseous-discharge
`a. Low-pressure sodium
`b. Neon
`c. Glow (argon and neon)
`B. Ultraviolet-light sources
`1. Sunlight lamps
`2. Black-light lamps
`3. Germ-killing lamps
`4. Photochemical lamps
`Infrared heating lamps
`
`C.
`
`INANDESENT (HLAMENTj LAMPS
`
`48. The incandescent lamp consists of a filament which is a highly refractory
`conductor mounted in a transparent or translucent glass bulb and provided with a
`suitable electrically connecting base. The filament is heated by the passage of an
`electric current through it to such a high temperature that it becomes incandescent
`insofar as
`lamps of the older types the air was,
`and emits light. In incandescent
`practicable, exhausted from the space within the bulb and surrounding the conductor
`(filament), forming a partial vacuum. But in many of the modern lamps this space
`is filled with an inert transparent gas such as nitrogen. The conductor must have a
`high melting point or a high vaporizing temperature and a high resistance; it must
`be hard and not become plastic when heated. In vacuum-type lamps the vacuum
`must be good, not only to prevent the oxidation of the filament but also to prevent
`In nonvacutim-tYpe lamps
`the loss of heat, which would reduce the efficiency.
`(gas-filled lamps) the gas used must be inert so as not to combine chemicallY With
`the filament material. The bulb must be transparent or translucent to permit the
`passage of light, not porous, so that it will retain the vacuum or inert gas, an
`strong to withstand handling and use.
`
`49. Classification of incandescent lamps.
`sified in six different ways, according to:
`
`Incandescent lamps may be clas
`
`1. The class of lamp
`2. The shape of the bulb
`3. The finish of the bulb
`
`4. The type of the base
`5. The type of filament
`6. The type of service
`
`
`
`Page 10 of 17
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`

`
`ELECTRIC LIGHTING
`
`10.25
`
`Incandescent lamps are classified as Type B or Type C. The
`50. Class of lamp.
`Type B lamp is one in which the filament operates in a vacuum. The type C lamp
`one which is gas-filled. Gas-filled lamps are the most widely used types.
`
`51. Classification according to shape of bulb (Fig. 10.24). The standard-line
`shape is employed for general-lighting-service lamps up to and including the 100-
`W size. Lamps of 150 W and larger for general
`lighting service are made in the
`pear shape. The other shapes are utilized for lamps designed for special classes of
`service. Lumiline lamps are included in the tubular classification.
`
`Shape of bulb
`
`Designating
`letter
`
`Standard-line
`Cone-shaped
`Flame-shaped
`Globular
`Parabolic
`
`A
`C
`F
`G
`PAR
`
`Shape of bulb
`
`Pear-shaped
`Reflector
`Straight-side
`Tubular
`
`Designating
`letter
`
`P or PS
`R
`S
`T
`
`Lamps are designated by a letter and figure such as PS-30. The letter indicates
`the shape of bulb and the figure the greatest diameter of the bulb in eighths of an
`inch. Thus, a PS-30 lamp is a lamp with a pear-shaped bulb with a diameter of 3%,
`or 33/4 in.
`
`A
`
`B
`
`CA-b
`
`9c
`0STC
`
`ctory
`ith a
`an
`scent
`ar as
`uctor
`space
`ave a
`must
`euum
`event
`amps
`with
`it the
`and
`
`clas
`
`I
`
`ER
`
`BR
`
`VMR-16
`
`FIGURE 10.24 Bulb designations of incandescent lamps. [General Electric
`Co.]
`
`
`
`Page 11 of 17
`
`

`
`0.
`b.
`t1
`p1
`
`tli
`of
`ai
`
`pi
`
`51
`ic
`pi
`St
`af
`th
`bi
`
`wi
`
`n
`Sr
`
`welt
`
`h
`fc
`
`ph
`rn
`
`I
`
`L
`
`I I
`
`J
`
`10.26
`
`DIVISION 0
`
`52. Classification according to finish of bulb
`
`1. Clear
`2. Inside-frosted
`3. Silvered-bowl
`4. White
`5. Daylight
`
`6. Inside-colored
`7. Outside-colored
`8. Colored-glass
`9. Outside-coating
`
`Incandescent lamps can be obtained with the bulbs finished
`53. Finish of bulbs.
`in several different ways as listed in Sec. 52. With the clear lamps the bulb is made
`of clear glass which leaves the filament exposed to view. Clear-bulb lamps are used
`with reflecting equipment which completely conceals the lamp from view. They are
`employed with open-bottom types of reflecting equipment in some cases when the
`units are mounted so high that the lamps are not in the line of vision. Inside-frosted
`lamps have the entire inside surface of the bulb coated with a frosting which leaves
`the exterior surface perfectly smooth. This finish conceals the bright filament and
`diffuses the light emitted from the lamp. Inside-frosted lamps are used with open-
`bottom types of reflecting equipment and in places where no reflecting equipment
`is employed. Silvered-bowl lamps (Fig. 10.25) have a coating of mirror silver on
`the lower half of the bowl, which shields the brilliant filament and forms a highly
`efficient reflecting surface for indirect lighting. The upper
`part of the bulb is inside-frosted to eliminate streaks and
`lamps should
`shadows of fixture supports. Silvered-bowl
`be used only in fixtures designed for them, because the
`toward the socket assembly,
`silvering directs the heat
`which will therefore tend to operate at a higher temperature
`than with clear lamps. White lamps have the entire interior
`surface of the lamp covered with a fine coating of silica.
`This coating gives a high degree of diffusion which softens
`shadows and reduces shiny reflections. Since bulb black
`the
`through the diffusing coating,
`ening is not apparent
`lamps appear clean and white throughout their life.
`
`Screw
`bo,e —-
`
`have a blue bulb made of a speCial
`54. Daylight lamps
`blue-green glass to approximate noon sunlight. The ordi
`lamp produces light in which the reu
`nary incandescent
`rays predominate. The blue-green glass of the bulb of day
`light lamps absorbs part of the reddish rays emitted by the
`filament of the lamp, giving a light which approaches ti e
`whiteness of noon sunlight. The glass absorbs about one
`third of the total light emitted by the filament.
`
`Silvered reflector
`cootinq
`
`FIGURE
`vered-bowl
`lamp.
`
`10.25 Sil
`incandescenl
`
`55. Colored bulbs. Colored light is obtained from filament lamps by the sub
`tractive method, that is, by means of a separate filter or a bulb so processed tha
`light of colors other than that desired is largely absorbed. Colored bulbs used in
`lamp manufacture are of natural-colored glass or of clear glass having a coatifl
`applied to either the inner or the outer surface of the bulb by one of several diftTe5
`processes. Natural-colored bulbs, wherein chemicals are added to the ingredi
`
`
`
`Page 12 of 17
`
`

`
`ELECTRIC LIGHTING
`
`10.27
`
`of the glass to produce the desired color, are regularly available in daylight blue,
`blue, amber, green, and ruby. Natural-colored bulbs, produce light of purer colors
`than coated bulbs and are often used in preference to the latter for theatrical and
`phOt0g1aPD lighting.
`Coated colored lamps are made by spraying either the inside or the outside of
`the bulb or by applying a fused enamel (ceramic) or acrylic coating to the outside
`of the bulb. The colors in most common use are red, blue, green, yellow, orange,
`and white.
`When decorative or display lighting is involved, coated colored lamps are to be
`preferred to natural-colored lamps because of their lower cost. Enameled, acrylic
`coated. and inside-sprayed bulbs are satisfactory for either indoor or outdoor use.
`
`56. Tungsten-halogen lamps
`are incandescent (filament) lamps but are signif
`icantly different from conventional
`lamps in size and design. They represent the
`practical application of the halogen regenerative cycle in filament lamps. All tung
`en-ha1ge1l lamps are filled with a gas of the halogen family. Todine and bromine
`are the most commonly used. As the lamp burns,
`the halogen gas combines with
`the tungsten that is evaporated from the filament. As the gas circulates inside the
`bulb, the tungsten is deposited back on the filament rather than on the inside bulb
`wall. This keeps the bulb wall clean and allows the lamp to deliver essentially its
`light output throughout life. Owing to the lamp temperatures. quartz or a
`initial
`special high-silica “glass” are used for the lamp bulb or filament tube.
`types of tungsten-halogen lamps are available (Fig. 10.26). The most
`Four
`widely used designs are the small tubular double-ended lamps. A coiled filament
`extends from one end of the lamp to the other. Lamp wattages range from 200 to
`1500 W. A second type utilizes a base at only one end of the quartz bulb. In the
`third type. the quartz filament tubes are sealed into outer bulbs such as PAR lamps
`for good optical control.
`
`I
`
`FIGURE 10,26 Tungsten-halogen lamps. The PAR design is
`cut away to show the internal filament tube.
`
`The last type of tungsten-halogen lamp for lighting is an adaptation of the small
`lographic halogen projection lamp. Small 12-V quartz filament
`tubes are
`1fflOunted in small multifaceted glass ellipsoidal reflectors with infrared transmitting
`
`Inished
`S made
`re used
`hey are
`hen the
`-frosted
`I leaves
`ent and
`h open
`tipment
`Iver on
`highly
`e upper
`aks and
`should
`tuse the
`scmbk.
`perature
`interior
`f silica.
`s softens
`b black
`the
`ing.
`C.
`
`a special
`‘he ordi
`the red
`j of day
`d by the
`iches the
`tout Ofl
`
`the sub
`ssed that
`s used in
`a coating
`different
`igredients
`
`
`
`Page 13 of 17
`
`

`
`10.28
`
`DIVISION 10
`
`reflectors which reflect light but transmit much of the infrared heat out the back of
`the lamp. These lamps are extensively used in display-lighting applications.
`The average life of most general-lighting tungsten-halogen lamps is about twice
`the life of regular general-service incandescent lamps, or 2000 h. Although for the
`same wattage the initial light output of these lamps is about the same, at the end
`of 1000 h the tungsten-halogen lamp produces about 13 percent more light than
`the standard general-service lamp.
`These lamps offer high light output from compact lighting equipment. For ex
`ample, the reflector for the 1500-W 1-3 tungsten-halogen lamp is only I ft (0.3 m)
`long and 6 to 7 in (152 to 177 mm) wide.
`Tungsten-halogen PAR lamps combine the excellent efficiency and long life of
`quartz lamps with the light control of a PAR bulb. The quartz tube is mounted at
`the focal point of the PAR bulbs reflector for accurate beam control. At the end
`of life (4000 h), 500-W tungsten-halogen PAR lamps provide 40 percent more light
`than standard 500-W PAR lamps rated at 2000 h. Special infrared reflecting films
`are utilized on the inner surface of the bulb or filament tube of some halogen lamp
`designs. This film transmits visible light but reflects infrared energy back to the
`thus reducing the input power required to achieve the desired filament
`filament,
`temperature and increasing lamp efficiency by as much as 50 percent.
`lighting and floodlighting.
`Tungsten-halogen lamps are widely used in general
`tungsten-halogen designs are also used in specialty applications such as
`Special
`stage, film, and TV lighting, copying machines, and optical devices.
`
`56A. Classification according to type of base (Fig. 10.27):
`
`Bayonet
`Candelabra
`Intermediate
`Medium
`Three-contact medium
`Admedium
`Mogul
`Three-contact mogul
`Disc
`
`Medium prefocus
`Mogul prefocus
`Medium bipost
`Mogul bipost
`Medium skirted
`Minicandelabra
`Recessed single-contact
`Mogul end-prong
`
`Extended mogul end-
`prong
`Medium two-pin
`Medium side-prong
`Candelabra prefocus
`Screw terminal
`Lug sleeve
`Two-pin
`Double-contact medium
`
`57. Lamp bases. A number of different types of bases for iiicandeSct lafliPS
`(Fig. 10.27) are in use. Of these, the bayonet, candelabra, and intermed1te base
`are used on small-size (miniature) lamps. The medium base, used on generalSe
`is the most common type. The mogul base 15 used
`lamps of 300 W and less,
`sizes of 300 W and up. The admedium is slightly larger in diameter than
`medium and is used on some mercury lamps. The three-contact base is used II
`a three-lite type of lamp. The disc base is used on Lumiline lamps.
`
`h
`
`tral
`wh
`bas
`l0(
`bet
`mo
`Ser
`
`58.
`lila
`to I
`tim
`Por
`
`
`
`Page 14 of 17
`
`

`
`_________
`
`I
`
`ELECTRIC LIGHTING
`
`10.29
`
`oe back of
`)ns.
`Ot
`gh for the
`at the end
`light than
`
`It. For ex
`ft (0.3 m
`
`)ng life of
`bunted at
`\t the end
`more light
`ting lilms
`ogen lamp
`ack to the
`d filament
`
`dlighting.
`is such as
`
`end
`
`ng
`)cus
`
`cent lamps
`ediate base
`eral_service
`is used on
`er than the
`s used with
`
`YEDIUi
`SKIRTED
`
`MINI—CAN
`
`MEDIUM 2-PIN
`
`MEDIUM
`(ALSO 3-CONTACT)
`
`ADMEDIUM
`
`INTERMEDIATF
`
`MOGUL
`
`(ALSO 3_CONTACT) U
`
`CANDELABRA
`
`2
`
`- OR 3- LUG
`SLEEVE
`
`MOGUL
`END PRONG
`
`BAYONET
`
`)
`
`DISC
`
`MEDIUM
`BI-POST
`
`SIEWNG
`
`CANDELABRA
`PREFOCIJS
`
`2-PIG
`
`MEDIOM
`PREFOCUS
`
`DOU1NTACT
`
`FIGURE 10.27 Bases for incandescent
`Co.]
`
`lamps.
`
`[General Electric
`
`MOGUL
`PREFOCUS
`
`The medium and mogul prefocused bases are used on certain types of concen
`trated-lilament lamps, such as those for picture projection and aviation service, for
`which it is desirable to have the light source accurately located. The medium bipin
`I base is for fluorescent lamps. The medium bipost base is made in 500-, 750-, and
`l000-W lamp sizes for use principally with indirect fixtures, for which it allows a
`better design of fixture and better radiation of heat than are obtainable with the
`mogul-base type. For the very large-size lamps of 1500 W and up for floodlighting
`service the mogul bipost is the standard.
`
`I
`
`58. Classification according to type of filament.
`Several different types of
`I filament structures are used. The filament structure is designated by a letter or letters
`Ia indicate whether the wire is straight or coiled and by an arbitrary number some
`limes followed by a letter to indicate the arrangement of the filament on the sup
`ports. Prefix letters include S (straight; wire is straight or slightly corrugated), C
`
`
`
`Page 15 of 17
`
`

`
`10.30
`
`DIVISION 10
`
`(coil; wire is wound into a helical coil, or it may be deeply fluted), and CC (coiled
`coils; wire is wound into a helical coil, and this coiled wire is again wound into a
`helical coil).
`
`59. Classification of incandescent lamps according to type of service:
`
`able
`prin
`less
`por(
`othe
`
`sud
`exle
`whi
`
`F1
`
`the
`
`1
`Cont
`disp
`laml
`desi
`clea
`S
`whi
`for I
`sma,
`spec
`bulb
`shel
`Cont
`rays
`
`1. General lighting service
`a. Clear bulb
`b. Inside-frosted bulb
`c. Silvered-bowl bulb
`d. White bulb
`2. Special lighting service
`a. Daylight lamps
`b. Decorative lamps
`c. Rough-service lamps
`d. Three-lite lamps
`e. Tubular lamps
`f Vibration lamps
`3. Miscellaneous lighting service
`a. Appliance- and indicator-service lamps
`b. Aviation-service lamps
`c. High-voltage lamps
`d. Low-voltage lamps
`e. Marine-service lamps
`f Mine-service lamps
`g. Optical-service lamps
`h. Photographic lamps
`i. Photoservice lamps
`j. Projection lamps
`k. Projector and reflector lamps
`1. Sign lamps
`in. Spotlight- and floodlight-service lamps
`ii. Street-lighting—service lamps
`o. Traffic-signal lamps
`p. Train- and locomotive-service lamps
`
`are those of 120- or 130-V rating for or
`60. General-lighting-service lamps
`dinary uses in homes, stores, offices, schools, factories, etc.
`
`are for use in similar locations, but they
`61. Special-lighting-service lamps
`have a special design feature, such as shape or color of bulb, or other special
`features.
`For an explanation of daylight lamps refer to Sec. 54.
`Decorative lamps for general and special lighting are colored lamps that are
`available in a number of different types (see Sec. 55). They can be used to provide
`special effects in homes, theters, shops, restaurants, and lobbies and foyers of
`public buildings.
`
`V
`and
`lamp
`Uflde
`
`
`
`Page 16 of 17
`
`

`
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`Page 17 of 17