Netflix, Inc., Petitioner
`v.
`Affinity Labs of Texas, LLC,
`Patent Owner
`U.S. Patent Nos. 9,094,802 & 9,444,868
`IPR2016-01701 & IPR2017-00122
`Oral Argument December 21, 2017
`Affinity Labs’ Hearing Demonstratives
`
`1
`
`

`

`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,094,802
`
`What is claimed is:
`
`l..-'”t methed to deliver media. eemprising;
`erganiaing an available. media intn a plurality el' indepen—
`dent segment tiles to laeilitate. delivery;
`t'nritiatting a given segment tn facilitate an outputting et'the
`given segment at a given rate:
`l'nrmatt ing a dillerent segment in titei litate an t'nttpntting ti 1'
`the tlitl‘erent segment at a dillerent rate, 1atherein the
`di ITerent rate is slmver than the given rate:
`generating a list that ineludes an address for eaeh at the
`plu 'alitv til'independenl segment tiles;
`receiving an HTTP eennnunieatien that indieates a desire
`te aeeess the available media:
`
`sending the list in response tn reeeiving the l l'l'l'l’ enmmn—
`nieatinn:
`
`ditt'erent enmpressinn thrmat.
`
`9. A streaming metbnd enmprising:
`reeeiviitg an ll'lul‘l’ etntntiltttieatitm at a media delivery
`resnuree that enmprises a request liar a listing til‘netwerl»:
`leeaiinns
`tiir segments nt‘ available media.
`litrther
`wherein the request is than a deviee having a butler. a
`nen—velatile memory. and a eelleetinn Lil' instrtietinns
`stored in the nen-vnlatile menmrv that are nperable: I: 1)
`In request a media segitient u—itlt a litritiz-ttting that allows
`the media segment Id be delivered than the media deliv-
`ery resenree at a given rate. £2] tn consider an amnum nl‘
`intitrmatien stared in the butler. and [3) tn reqttest a
`dillerent segment with a dil'l'erent iiirmatting that allows
`the ditl'erent segment tn be delivered than the media
`deliver}! restniree at a di I'I'erent rate. vt-herein the at least
`two rates are rates at whieh a streaming media ean be
`
`sending the given segment: and
`sending the. different segment.
`
`tiutput:
`sending a message enmprising a plurality ninettvnrlt lnea-
`tinns thr different segments at the available media;
`sending a requested segment nt‘ the available. media.
`wherein the requested segment has a etnnpressinn l'nr-
`mat that allnws liar use at the given rate; and
`sending a dillerenl requested segment at the available
`media.
`at- herein the dil'l‘erent requested segment has a
`
`2
`
`

`

`putting of the tvailahle media by the requesting deviee.
`
`14. A system that faeilitates delivery ofmedia, eomprising:
`a media available for delivery as a series of segments,
`wherein at least a given one of the segments is eonfig-
`ured to a]]ow delivery to a requesting deviee via a net-
`work link capable of eonmmnieating information at a
`first rate and at least another segment is eonfigured to
`allow delivery to the requestmg deviee via a link eapable
`of eomnmnieating information at a different rate;
`a media play]ist for the available media that ineludes a
`network location for a file representing the given one of
`the segments and a different network location for a dif-
`tErent file representing the other segment; and
`a deJivery resouree eonfignred to respond to a plurality of
`file requests by transmitting information to the request-
`ing device in a manner that iiieilitates a eontinuous ont-
`
`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,094,802
`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,094,802
`
`3
`
`

`

`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,444,868
`
`1-1 netwnrk-httsed eennnunieutinn system nperahle: 1e dis-
`trihute media enntent tn :1 remntely inettted requesting
`device: In receive an HTTP cnnnnnnientinn lrnm the
`
`1-5“ ”M11351 system. cntnprising:
`‘1 Ph'fillilF “i. illdUPCIldflll 5331110111 Illes. wherein El sit-1‘11
`segment
`lile t1l' the plurality nl' independent segment
`tiles hns :1 given fnrmnt :1nd :1 ditlierent segment ttttlte
`plurality “f independent segment files has 5 dlfibt'mll
`litrmal. titrther wherein the given t‘nrmnt facilitates :tn
`nutputting ”l. inl‘nrmutinn in the git-“en segment tile :11 fl
`git-en rate that is dill'erent than :1 rule assneiuted. with
`“I": dill'erent li‘ml'fi'l:
`i1 P13351151 that enmprises it 1151- und [11‘3- 1151 includes :1 {11'5”
`URI- fer the given segment file and :1 different [It'll - t'nr
`1h“ dill-“ml” 501411133111 iile‘.
`
`the rate. which is diflerent than the git-e11 rate.
`
`indicates :1
`requesting device lh:1t
`remnlely lncntetl
`desire tn access the :1-’21il:1hle media: tn send inl'nrmu—
`Linn representing the play-list
`tn the remnlely lt'acttted
`requesting device; tn send iiilerntatien representing the
`giwfl segment file It: the remotely 1L3w1fl1 {mum-fling
`device; :1nd.
`tn §c[]{1 intitrmntinn reprcgcnfing 1]“: (gm;
`ferent segment file tn the rentntel}: lnented requesting
`deem“: “m1
`:1 [1111 'ulily nl'remnte deviees ennligured tn request media.
`wherein each nl' the plurality nt‘ mmmg devices (“my
`prises: (1] tin internt-tl memttr}: system; {2} :1 enlleetinn
`nl' instructinns stnred in the internal memnr‘v‘ svstem
`that is npemhle when executed to ntilire intiennntien
`representing the playlist, tn request :1 strez-tnting deliv-
`ery ef the iniermntien representing the given segment
`tile. and In request :1 streaming delivery nt the inlnr-
`mnlinn representing the (litterenl segment tile: :1nd [3)
`:1 hull'er enntigured tn nutput the int'nrmutinn represent-
`ing the given segment tile at the given rule and tn nutpul
`inlitrtnntinn representing the dilierent segment file :11
`
`4
`
`

`

`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,444,868
`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,444,868
`
`the HTTP communication, to receive an HTTP com-
`
`munication that indicates a request for the given seg-
`ment file, to stream data representing the given segment
`file, to receive an HTTP communication that indicates
`
`a request for the dilTerent segment file, and to stream
`data representing the difl‘erent segment file; and
`the electronic device comprising a housing component. at.
`least partially defining an enclosure, a transceiver com-
`municatively coupled to a communications network,
`and a
`
`7. A media system, comprising:
`a plurality of independent segnent files that represent an
`available media, wherein a given segment file of the
`plurality of independent segment
`files has a given
`compression format and a different segment file of the
`plurality of independent segment files has a difl'erent
`compression format, further wherein the given com-
`pression format facilitates an outputting of information
`in the given segment file at a first rate that is difl‘erent
`than a second rate associated with the difi'erent com-
`
`rocessor located within the enclosure.
`
`a
`
`pression tormat;
`a list including a given address for the given segment file
`and a different address for the difierent segment file;
`content delivering system comprising an electronic
`device operable as a conununication device and a
`pluraliw of memoryr devices operable to store informa-
`tion,
`the content delivering system configured to
`receive an HTTP conununication from a remote
`
`requesting device that indicates a desire to access the
`available media, to send the list in response to receiving
`
`5
`
`

`

`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,444,868
`Introduction to U.S. Patent No. 9,444,868
`
`14. A media system, comprising:
`an electronic device co iprising a display, a buffering
`component, a transc .iver, and a memory system,
`wherein the electronic device is configured to utilize
`HTTP in cormection with receiving a streaming deliv-
`ery of an available media;
`a collection of instructions stored in the 111emory system
`and operable when executed to allmv the electronic
`device: {1) to utilize HTTP to request a file comprising
`a listing of URLs fora plurality of media segment files
`associated with the available media; [2.) to utilize the
`listing of URLs to request a given one of the plurality
`of media segment
`files; {3'} to receive information
`representing the given one of the plurality of media
`segment files;
`[4']
`to utilize the listing of URLs to
`request another one of the plurality of media segment
`files, wherein the given one has a given compression
`format and the other one has a difierent compression
`format; and
`
`iven rate.
`
`the bufiisring component of the electronic device config-
`ured: to output information in the given one of the
`plurality ofmedia segment files at a given rate, and to
`output information in the another one of the plurality of
`media segment files at a rate that is difi'erent than the
`
`6
`
`

`

`Instituted Grounds
`
`lnstituted Grounds
`
`1 3 5 14-
`
`-fl
`
`Treyz, Fuller, and Glaser
`
`§ “33
`
`Production Guido
`
`§ “33
`
`Production Guide and Hild
`
`7
`
`

`

`Obviousness
`
`Obviousness
`
`A. Netflix bears the burden to show Obviousness of the challenged
`
`claims.
`
`As set out by the Supreme Court: the framework for an ol_3\--’ic.1usness inquiry
`
`requires four distinct factors: determining (l) “the scope and content of the prior
`
`art?"
`
`i) the “differences between the prior art and the claims at issue” (3) “the
`
`level o f ordinary skill in the pertinent art?” and (4) whether secondary
`
`considerations ofnon-obx--’ic.1usness are relevant to the determination. KSR 1m? Co.
`
`.83 US L 17 (1966):). “[O]l_3\-='iousness requires a suggestion of all
`
`1:, Tefeflex Inc, 127 S Ct. 1727, 173.4 (2007) (citing Gi'c‘rhc‘ni-i is. Join-=2 Deere Co. of
`
`Kc‘n-isas (_
`
`Patent Owner’s Response at 16
`
`8
`
`

`

`Obviousness
`
`“‘Ifthe scope and meaning ofthe claims cannot be determined without
`
`speculation, the differences between the challenged claims and the prior art cannot
`
`op. at 20 (citing Graham v. John Deere, 383 US. at 17—18).
`
`proforma, because they are based on speculative assumption as to the meaning of
`
`be ascertained.” .Mr'ercm Tech, Inc. 1’. Innovative .Memmj: Sys, 1270., Case
`
`IPR20l6-00324, slip op. at 8 (PTAB June 13, 2016) (Paper ll); see also
`
`BfaekBerrj: Corp. v. .Mobfiefvfedia Ideas, [LC , Case IPR20l3-0003 6, slip op. at
`
`19—20 (PTAB Mar. 7, 2014) (Paper 65) (citing In re Steele, 305 F.2d 859, 862—63
`
`(C‘C‘PA 1962) and reasoning that “the prior art grounds of unpatentability must fall,
`
`the claims”). "Without ascertaining the proper claim scope, [the Board] cannot
`
`conduct a necessary factual inquiry for determining obviousness—ascertaining
`
`differences between the claimed subject matter and the prior art.” Bfaekberzy, slip
`
`Patent Owner’s Response at 17
`
`9
`
`

`

`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`• “independent segment files”
`(’802 Patent cl. 1, ‘’868 Patent cl. 1, 7)
`
`Ex. 2001 ¶ 52
`
`10
`
`

`

`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`• “independent segment files”
`(’802 Patent cl. 1, ‘’868 Patent cl. 1, 7)
`
`Ex. 2003 at
`176:19-177:10
`
`11
`
`

`

`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`• “independent segment files”
`(’802 Patent cl. 1, ‘’868 Patent cl. 1, 7)
`
`Ex. 2003 at 177:11-16
`
`12
`
`

`

`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`• “continuous outputting”
`(’802 Patent cl. 14, 18)
`
`Ex. 2001 ¶ 62, 65
`
`13
`
`

`

`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`• “continuous outputting”
`(’802 Patent cl. 14, 18)
`
`Ex. 2003 at
`182:7-25
`
`14
`
`

`

`Means-Plus-Function Claims
`
`Patent Owner’s Response at 20
`
`15
`
`

`

`Means-Plus-Function Claims
`
`Ex. 2002 at 18
`
`16
`
`

`

`
`
`Ex. 2003 at 130:1-11
`
`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`
`17
`
`

`

`Means-Plus-Function Claims
`
`Ex. 2002 at 20
`
`18
`
`

`

`the at: i:
`
`Ex. 2003 at 121:12-25
`
`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`
`19
`
`

`

`Means-Plus-Function Claims
`
`Ex. 2002 at
`22-24
`
`20
`
`

`

`
`
`Ex. 2003 at 128:21-129:5
`
`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`Dr. Mir’s Testimony
`
`21
`
`

`

`“segment”
`“segment”
`
`An (It-FCIflL'IbZe media is not. explicitly defined in the text. of the ”007
`
`patent or in the claims at. issue. The term is used, however, in dependent
`
`claims 12. and 13, which define “the available media“ as a “collection of
`
`audio files” and a “collection of video files,” respectively. Based upon the
`
`use of the term in these dependent. claims, we agree with Petitioners that an:
`
`cneztlable media is not limited to a single file, song, or video, and may
`
`such as songs or stations in a playlist or parts of an Internet. radio broadcast.”
`
`encompass, at a. minimum, a collection of audio or video files. Accordingly,
`
`on this record, we constiue pox-times afar-z m-wifable1-1-rediaa.s: “parts of the
`
`content accessible from a source of audio, video, andfor textual information,
`
`IPR2014-00407, Paper 15 at 6
`
`22
`
`

`

`“segment”
`“segment”
`
`segment
`
`0% I
`
`NflUN
`
`Pronunciation f'segrniejnti
`
`Synenyme
`
`‘the market for private ears can be broken
`down into several segmente’
`
`1 Each of the parts into which something is or
`
`may be divided.
`
`‘0 large segment of the lace! populatien’
`
`‘erenge segmen ts’
`
`Mere example Sentences
`
`Ex. 3001
`
`23
`
`

`

`’802 Patent
`
`’802 Patent Petition (Paper 2) at 23
`
`24
`
`

`

`Treyz
`
`web site, or may be any other web page. The user may set
`up the stations for the clock radio that the user is interested
`in by clicking on linlfi for stations that the user is interested
`in or by otherwise selecting the proper Internet. addresses for
`the desired stations. Infonnation on both non-Internet. radio
`
`stations and Internet radio stations may he gathered using
`this type of remote interface.
`
`Treyz at 5:32-36
`
`
`
`language of the content, or type of
`geographic region,
`content. (cg, adult. contemporary, alternative, blues,
`classical, news, sports, police radio, etc). Internet radio _
`stations may also be listed alphabetically or using any other
`suitable organization scheme. These organizational arrange-
`ments may be used to assist
`the user in locating audio
`content
`from a variety of sources,
`including AM, FM,
`short-wave radio (if the radio has short-wave capabilities),
`non-Internet digital radio services provided over a broad-
`hand communications network, lntemet radio, downloaded
`audio files, etc.
`
`With a digital tuning arrangement, up and down keys such
`as the up and down arrow buttons 116 of FIG. Sc may be
`used to allow the user to tune to dilIe-rent stations. Because
`
`the number of available Internet radio stations may be large
`(e.g., in the thousands}, various layered menus may be used
`to assist
`the user in locating a station of interest. For
`example, menus may be presented on a display panel that
`allow the user to select Internet radio content based on
`
`‘
`
`Treyz at 17:25-43
`
`I
`
`25
`
`

`

`
`Treyz
`
`ESTABLISH
`
`COMMUNICATIONS
`
`LINK WITH AUDIO
`
`SOURCE (E.G.,
`ESTABLISH
`
`INTERNET LINK)
`
`Treyz at Fig. 5
`Treyz at Fig. 5
`
`26
`26
`
`IN REAL TIME
`
`DOWNLOAD MP3
`
`FILE AND PLAY IT
`
`BACK OR RECEIVE
`
`STREAMING AUDIO
`
`AND PLAY
`
`THROUGH RADIO
`
`

`

`
`Treyz
`
`SELECT BAND
`
`dFMb
`
`13-4
`
`USER SELECTS UNITED STATES
`
`USER PRESSES RIGHT ARROW KEY
`
`<1 INTERNETD
`
`1
`
`36
`
`USER SELECTS INTERNET
`
`SELECT REGION
`
`
`
`
`
`
`I> NORTH AMERICA
`EUROPE
`ASIA
`MORE
`
`USER SELECTS NORTH AMERICA
`
`
`
`SELECT COUNTRY
`
`|> UNITED STATES
`
`CANADA
`
`
`
`138
`
`140
`
`BLUES
`
`I> ADULT CONTEMPORARY
`
`
` SELECT TYPE
`
`
`CLASSICAL
`MORE “M142a
`
`
`142
`
`USER SELECTS BLUES
`
`SELECT STATION
`
`D- CHICAGO BLUES
`BLUES TODAY
`
`WBLU BOSTON
`MORE
`
`
`
`
`USER SELECTS WBLU BOSTON
`
`CURRENT SELECTION
`
`WBLU BOSTON
`
`Treyz at Figs. 9a, 9b
`Treyz at Figs. 9a, 9b
`
`27
`27
`
`

`

`
`Treyz
`
`158
`
`143
`
`ONIOFFIALARM
`
`HANDSET
`
`
`
`TELEPHONE
`
`
`16_-*'162
`
`
`
`3
`
`
`
`ASSIGNABLE
`164
`DIGITAL TUNING
`STATION BUTTONS
`CONTROL
`
`Treyz at Fig. 10a
`Treyz at Fig. 10a
`28
`28
`
`
`

`

`Treyz
`
`45
`
`5;;
`
`111111131 i1111':1'1':11111.
`
`111111i1'1 1111111 1111:1112: 111111111133 1111-1311111: 1:1:'1111|1111c:1'1 11'1 1‘11rr11
`Th1:
`1'2115111111ixmj
`1.711111111111111.
`111111|11
`1111
`111'
`1111111111111
`1111'
`11111.
`1111111111111.
`1111111171111.
`1"111'
`1231111111112:
`11”
`1111':
`1111111
`11111111111
`1.11:1111111'}:
`1111111111:
`L':]
`'
`.111 111111411, 111111 1111111111 111111-111.1 11113111.“. 1}:
`1:.111'11'171r1111ul11 1111-1}:
`1.11:.
`1:1:.1111111111.'-d
`[1:-
`111:1111
`111111111131.
`11111111
`11111111111115}
`1111.11
`11
`11115111111
`11111111111111. T111:
`1111111
`1111111
`51:1111-111111':
`111111-
`11111'11'1111111:
`1.11
`11131111113115 111" 1111 111111111 11-11111 1.111r11'1111'1 1111111111211 1m: 1111 1111": 11111511211.
`|-'1:11'
`axe-11111111; 1h:
`115:1
`1111-1311 mic-1:1 1h:
`1:1:11111;11I
`111111 1h:
`1|1|111111111
`11:11
`1|1.':.~'-1£1'1;:1|
`11111|I11
`111:1;1111211l5.
`['1111111'11111x1:.d 1:1;‘11111111l
`1111111 1.111;: 11111111111511 111 H11: 1111.1:1 h}; 1111': 1111111111 11111111711: 11 1151:1l 1111 1111:
`
`Treyz at 3:45-55
`
`29
`
`

`

`’802 Patent
`
`’802 Patent Petition (Paper 2) at 25
`
`30
`
`

`

`’802 Patent
`
`’802 Patent Petition (Paper 2) at 29, 37
`
`31
`
`

`

`’802 Patent
`
`’802 Patent Petition (Paper 2) at 42
`
`32
`
`

`

`Production Guide
`
`Production Guide (Ex. 1026) at 26
`
`33
`
`

`

`Production Guide
`
`Production Guide (Ex. 1026) at 60
`
`34
`
`

`

`’868 Patent
`
`’868 Patent Petition (Paper 1) at 25
`
`35
`
`

`

`’868 Patent
`
`’868 Patent Petition (Paper 1) at 26
`
`36
`
`

`

`Treyz
`
`
`
`USER NAME
`
`PASSWORD
`
`SET UP SCHEDULE
`
`SEGMENT NO
`
`CONTENT
`
`DURATION
`
`— BBC RADIO 5
`
`5 MINUTES
`
`E-MAIL
`
`UNTIL FINISHED
`
`UNLIMITED
`
`SUBMIT
`
`236
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`KFRR-SAN FRAN.
`
`
`
`1 —
`
`
`
`37
`37
`
`
`Treyz at Fig. 14
`Treyz at Fig. 14
`
`

`

`Treyz
`
`the user may click on the
`content for a given segment,
`corresponding cell
`in the duration column to supply a
`desired duration. The user may submit
`the selections by
`clicking on submit option 236.
`
`the user’s content selections, duration
`If desired,
`selections, and other configuration selections may be stored
`by the server at the alarm clock radio service provider or
`other suitable source or other entity until it is time to deliver
`content.
`to alarm clock radio 12-. When the content.
`is
`
`delivered, the delivered content may be customized based on
`the user’s selections. For example, downloaded files or
`streaming content may be customized based on the user’s
`
`For example, the user may use region 2-34 to set up a
`content delivery schedule for the user’s alarm clock radio
`12. Initially, region 234 maybe blank for each segment. The
`user may click on a blank cell in the content. column with a
`pointing device. The DEE may be allowed to select from
`various content options using, for example, a drop-down
`menu, a pop-up list, direct alphanumeric entry, or any other
`suitable user interface. After the user has selected the desired
`
`selections.
`
`Treyz at 22:7-27
`
`38
`
`

`

`’868 Patent
`
`’868 Patent Petition (Paper 1) at 40
`
`39
`
`