(19) United States
`(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2001/0021182 A1
`Wakutsu
`(43) Pub. Date:
`Sep. 13, 2001
`
`US 20010021182A1
`
`(54) TRANSMITTER APPARATUS AND
`RECEIVER APPARATUS AND BASE
`STATION MAKING USE OF ORTHOGONAL
`FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
`AND SPECTRUM SPREADING
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Feb. 29, 2000 (JP) .................................... .. P2000-54028
`
`Publication Classi?cation
`
`
`
`(75) Inventor; Takashi Wakutsu, Kanagawa (Jp) Correspondence Address;
`
`
`
`(51) Int. Cl.7 ........................... .. H04B 7/208; (52) US. Cl. ......................... .. 370/344; 370/436; 370/482
`
`OBLON SPIVAK MCCLELLAND MAIER &
`NEUSTADT PC
`FOURTH FLOOR
`1755 JEFFERSON DAVIS HIGHWAY
`ARLINGTON VA 22202 (Us)
`’
`(73) Assignee; KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA,
`Kanagawwken, Kawasaki_shi (JP)
`
`(21) Appl, No;
`
`09/791,795
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Feb. 26, 2001
`
`'
`' ABSTRACT
`(57)
`An improved transmitter apparatus, a receiver apparatus and
`a base station implemented With the transmitter and receiver
`apparatuses are described. These apparatuses and the base
`station serves to establish communication by making use of
`an orthogonal frequency division demultiplexing demodu
`lation and an inverse spectrum spreading demodulation in
`combination. The communication coverage thereof can be
`expaned by making use of an orthogonal frequency division
`demultiplexing demodulation and an inverse spectrum
`spreading demodulation in combination.
`
`r
`
`O “I w
`
`MODULATOR
`
`O V’ T’
`
`
`
`20 TRANSMITTER APPARATUS Q *U E a
`
`Q???
`INFORMATION_ <>T
`53F?
`SIGNAL
`FEES
`"'
`182
`
`10am
`
`MAPPING
`TABLE
`4<6
`124
`
`g% orzgo W5C)’;
`@5553
`g EUHQ 0022
`“in:
`IFFT Egg 23,
`@gg’» 55E;
`f2
`*5 3535?
`g G
`ii
`7”
`51
`a
`Q r~
`o g
`2
`i
`2
`8
`3
`i
`1
`8 PATTERN
`22
`24
`GENERATOR N 44a
`
`186
`
`n m *v
`Q 1'11 11>
`Z a I,
`INFORMATION+ rip“;
`SIGNAL
`3 g
`E1‘ :
`Q
`
`DEMODULATOR
`
`DEMAPPING
`TABLE
`
`h-
`<
`H
`O T, m
`<_ 8 g g
`n m
`gggg EQEE
`+2712?
`FFT .éEF: . Sgw Egg; @gipg
`5E3, “15g
`li§<U
`q?rri
`I;
`C)
`r g
`g D
`
`34
`
`RECEIVER APPARATUS
`
`~28
`
`8
`42
`
`8
`(
`47 40
`
`38
`
`10b
`
`g
`
`-
`
`8
`i
`32
`36 PATTERN
`GENERATOR N 4
`
`3
`3O
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 1
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 1 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`\0 WV m
`('\l
`E g
`E
`RECEIVED
`0
`‘j __ SIGNAL
`<
`PROCESSING “m
`&
`CIRCUIT
`<2
`I
`g
`>
`5
`U
`E
`
`wq-
`N
`
`'
`m
`TRANSMISSION
`E
`< L SIGNAL
`35
`PROCESSING
`&
`CIRCUIT
`<
`I
`m
`m
`E
`GUARD
`I:
`INTERVAL ~§ q-
`2
`INSERTING
`<1‘
`%
`CIRCUIT
`2
`‘17
`I
`m
`g
`g
`SPREADING ‘ g;
`CIRCUIT
`E E
`Jii'Hi §$
`PARALLEL TO
`SERIAL
`~2
`
`00 Q;
`
`GUARD
`N Q
`INTERVAL
`REMOVAL “m <r
`CIRCUIT
`3
`I
`M
`8
`5 <
`m 35
`E: Z
`ii?
`
`INVERSE
`‘r
`m w SPREADING
`CIRCUIT
`iII -
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL ~£
`CONVERTER
`
`8
`
`‘—*
`(D
`
`~48
`
`E
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`P
`5 L11 N ‘I’
`an ,4
`H
`33 m
`<:
`2 5-‘ .\,$
`
`ii ‘i
`04
`2
`<
`,_I
`D
`Q
`0
`2
`
`-
`-
`TH -
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL
`CONVERTER
`k
`
`2
`9
`H
`< A
`i;
`{L w
`E 63
`
`\/ Q}
`
`2
`CS3
`O
`H
`
`é‘
`:2
`q
`2
`O
`2
`m
`Q
`
`g
`5 \IO
`% E
`‘r
`2 m
`m <
`l\
`'3 P“ “TRI
`
`I I I .
`
`.
`
`.
`
`PARALLEL TO N
`SERIAL
`~‘r
`CONVERTER
`
`3
`g
`
`____I
`
`"
`S
`E
`<
`5 A
`o 2‘
`L“ E
`a (A
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 2
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 2 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`FIGZ
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 3
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 3 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`WEE
`
`B5820 VEEBQQUQ
`
`355:0 imnumoumu m
`
`
`
`
`
`HQQEWJU wmoou< QMOUGQMUM
`@220 £565“:
`
`
`
`POQm
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 4
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 4 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`FIG.4
`
`,/‘
`
`SPREADIN G COVERAGE
`
`“\~
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 5
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 5 of 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`RECEIVED
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING
`CIRCUIT
`
`GUARD
`INTERVAL
`REMOVAL
`CIRCUIT
`
`I
`
`INVERSE
`SPREADING
`CIRCUIT
`
`I SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL
`CONVERTER
`
`IIIIIIIIIIIIIDEMODULATORIFFTI
`
`PARALLEL TO
`SERIAL
`CONVERTER
`
`INFORMATION
`
`SIGNAL
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`
`Page 6
`
`74
`
`72
`
`70
`
` TRANSMISSION
`
`
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`
`GUARD
`INTERVAL
`
`INSERTING
`
`
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`22
`
`
` SPREADING
`
`
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`PARALLEL TO
`SERIAL
`CONVERTER
`
`20
`
`18
`
`
`
`
`16
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`HHIIFFTI
`
`IMODULATOR
` 14
`
`
`
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL
`CONVERTER
`
`12
`
`
` z 9F
`
`‘<
`
`2'32
`2%
`
`FIGS
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 6
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 6 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 Al
`
`g
`2
`
`I
`m
`I
`
`N
`oo
`2
`
`MG
`N
`
`____________ I
`TRANSMISSION
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING
`CIRCUIT
`I
`GUARD
`N
`INTERVAL
`INSERTING T“ (\l
`CIRCUIT
`I
`
`L
`
`SPREADING M Q
`CIRCUIT
`(‘I
`
`00
`
`P
`
`u.‘
`
`I
`RECEIVED
`No
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING m
`CIRCUIT
`I
`GUARD
`N
`INTERVAL
`REMOVAL “m
`CIRCUIT
`I
`‘r
`INVERSE
`SPREADING ~m
`CIRCUIT
`% _________________ __
`
`00
`00
`2
`
`L
`
`-------- "I
`PARALLEL TO
`SERIAL
`CONVERTER
`E E I I -
`~
`- I
`P
`“‘
`i
`----_--IH---I
`04
`2
`<
`E
`D
`Q
`0
`2
`
`“J2
`
`N2
`
`N?'
`—I
`
`\0
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL ~m
`CONVERTER
`I I I .
`.
`. I
`E
`LT-I
`I I I
`
`mg
`
`I
`
`%
`F
`f5
`E
`Q
`2
`LL]
`Q
`
`O
`"\/
`‘*
`
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL ~ S
`CONVERTER
`
`PARALLEL TO
`SERIAL
`CONVERTER
`
`~ Q
`
`‘o-
`92
`U"
`
`5-‘
`
`5
`<2‘
`E 2
`LL (5
`E a
`
`I-l
`
`z
`
`[-I
`
`E
`<2‘
`E2
`In I:
`E a
`
`>1
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 7
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 7 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`00 LL
`:9] W
`E g
`g
`RECEIVED
`O
`g5 _ SIGNAL
`m
`PROCESSING “m
`g
`CIRCUIT
`Q
`+
`m
`m
`g
`@
`m
`‘=4
`
`Nw
`N
`
`TRANSMISSION
`g
`5t _ SIGNAL
`m
`PROCESSING
`35
`CIRCUIT
`A
`<
`i
`g
`GUARD
`N
`H
`INTERVAL
`E
`INSERTING ~01
`m
`CIRCUIT
`5
`M
`P
`
`i
`PARALLEL TO
`SERIAL
`CONVERTER
`
`~?
`
`A
`U-
`,_4
`[L
`
`IN -
`E
`E
`A++.__+
`
`-
`
`- I
`
`do
`*"
`
`m
`2 g
`SPREADING ‘ m 35
`CIRCUIT
`E %
`In -
`35 E
`E
`is
`w
`<
`‘F
`E‘ W
`A
`°~ 4 ww- <1—
`a)
`% a:
`‘_4 v-i
`O
`2 E1 .\,g
`
`+
`
`~ -+
`J H -
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL ~ Q
`CONVERTER
`A
`z
`9
`F
`<
`5 2
`2 g
`E G
`
`:8:
`2
`
`GUARD
`N
`INTERVAL
`REMOVAL “m
`CIRCUIT
`+
`
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL
`CONVERTER
`‘N; .
`.
`. T
`
`~13
`
`E
`
`~33
`
`{I
`
`g
`- I
`-
`§\ In -
`E Li
`INVERSE
`SPREADING < m5
`CIRCUIT
`E z
`+ + + -
`E @
`m
`e
`O
`2
`@
`g
`<1
`E
`5
`Q 5 ~53 P‘
`g
`2 g
`2
`m
`l\
`Lu
`Q P [y ‘r
`Q
`
`PARALLEL TO N
`SERIAL
`~<r
`CONVERTER
`
`2
`g
`H
`
`2V
`Q
`2
`q
`5 <2
`E E
`E a;
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 8
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 8 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`00
`(\l
`
`23 W
`
`TRANSMISSION
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING
`CIRCUIT
`
`N<r
`N
`
`i
`GUARD
`N
`INTERVAL
`INSERTING ~01
`CIRCUIT
`I
`
`RECEIVED
`9
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING “m
`CIRCUIT
`I
`
`GUARD
`N
`INTERVAL
`REMOVAL ~m
`CIRCUIT
`I
`
`\0
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL ~m
`CONVERTER
`
`o
`E:
`
`PARALLEL TO
`
`SERIAL
`CONVERTER
`
`~12
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`‘‘ ‘L ‘L
`
`E
`
`4' ~00
`"j _____ __
`
`"*
`
`8
`
`-
`
`III - E
`
`E:
`
`-
`
`- I
`
`' i
`'
`---- "4‘ ‘H '
`SPREADING
`
`g
`P Lg Q\+H---+-"
`
`E Q
`""
`INVERSE
`SPREADING < In ad
`CIRCUIT
`5%
`III .
`.
`5%
`
`m
`Q
`E;
`
`.
`
`L
`
`i
`
`
`E m [-1 5
`g (3
`8
`CU
`E
`I iii
`A E
`Q m “H —*
`H “L {r
`
`i
`
`-
`CIRCUIT
`---- --+ 'i +
`Dd
`F‘
`:I
`D
`o
`2
`I I I '
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL N g
`CONVERTER
`T
`z
`2
`F4
`<
`5i
`E2 %
`E 6
`
`3
`l\
`‘—<
`
`O0
`-
`9
`m
`
`r-I
`
`
`M O
`:1‘
`,__I
`Q
`0
`E
`
`\ _____ __
`
`G
`E
`E
`,J
`E i?
`O H '\/‘;
`
`c
`
`_ I
`.
`I i i -
`PARALLEL TO N
`SERIAL
`N?
`CONVERTER
`I
`2
`9
`E
`E :5
`2%
`g m
`
`H
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 9
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 9 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`:91 W
`
`00
`(\1
`
`RECEIVED
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING
`CIRCUIT
`I
`
`No
`m
`
`GUARD
`N
`INTERVAL
`REMOVAL “m
`CIRCUIT
`I
`
`TRANSMISSION
`SIGNAL
`PROCESSING
`CIRCUIT
`
`Nq-
`N
`
`i
`GUARD
`N
`INTERVAL
`INSERTING “N
`CIRCUIT
`i
`SERIAL
`CONVERTER
`
`~&
`
`PARALLEL TO
`
`(\1
`2
`
`\0
`@
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL ~m g
`CONVERTER
`2
`+ 4' J’
`‘L woo
`"j _____ __
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`E:
`
`‘H
`
`2
`
`E
`
`In - E
`
`E:
`+ + + _
`---- --
`
`-
`
`- I
`
`.
`
`_ +
`
`SPREADING
`
`R Lg guy-+- g
`
`INVERSE
`E g‘
`SPREADING 4 LU m
`CIRCUIT
`E %
`+++ .
`.
`Em
`
`g5
`g
`535
`
`.
`
`“A
`
`‘4-4
`
`2
`Q
`00
`—<
`
`O\
`'
`
`L?
`L
`
`)—4
`
`CIRCUIT
`.... “I M -
`-
`E
`F
`f1
`D
`Q
`o
`2
`
`- +
`
`E [é]
`i E
`
`cc:
`%
`<1- 31-
`5: E
`Q @ ‘VP-I r--4
`2
`P ,\,g
`
`- ‘i
`TH -
`SERIAL TO
`PARALLEL N g
`CONVERTER
`T
`z
`g
`E-
`<
`5:
`g g
`E a
`
`
`M 0
`E
`E
`Q
`0
`E
`D
`
`\\ _ _ _ _ _ __
`
`g
`R a
`< E
`‘r
`E1 2
`Q P '\/Q
`
`2
`oo
`00
`H
`
`In -
`
`-
`
`- I
`
`PARALLEL TO N
`SERIAL
`~<r
`CONVERTER
`I
`z
`9
`Q
`2 P;
`m <
`RE
`E U]
`
`7-1
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 10
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 10 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`FIG.1O
`
`92m 90m
`
`% 94c
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 11
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 11 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 12
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 12 of 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`/
`
`2
`
`rX
`
`zIIarA
`
`~\.\~
`
`fififi
`
`meoqmH
`
`eoqmTEL1
`fi|1:::a::meoqmHm__
`
`
`
`MOEEQUummoumoumum
`
`
`
`3:930MGSESOQHQ
`
`EH20VEED5
`
`
`
`
`
`65.30mwooo<QHOUENMHM
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`
`Page 13
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 13
`
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 13 0f 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`FIG.13
`
`116-1517
`116-2“?7
`1166i
`
`116-1817
`
`120-1
`
`120-2§
`120-3?
`120-k‘& 124
`S
`WEIGHTING
`CONTROL
`UNIT
`
`126
`
`INCOMING WAVE
`DIRECTION
`ESTIMATION UNIT
`
`INFORMATION
`SIGNALS
`
`RECEIVER
`APPARATUS
`5
`10b
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 14
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Sep. 13, 2001 Sheet 14 of 14
`
`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`Twmfi
`
`$2
`
`m-w~_
`
`“-Q
`
`£3
`
`mDe<m<.E<
`
`mmfimumm
`
`QZHHEOHMB
`
`AOMHZOU
`
`mm.r:2mz<me
`
`ZOHH<H>EOmZH
`
`m:e<m<&<
`
`mq<zo_m
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`
`Page 15
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 15
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`Sep. 13, 2001
`
`TRANSMITTER APPARATUS AND RECEIVER
`APPARATUS AND BASE STATION MAKING USE
`OF ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION
`MULTIPLEXING AND SPECTRUM SPREADING
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`[0001] The subject application is related to subject matter
`disclosed in the Japanese Patent Application No. Heil2
`54028 ?led in Feb. 29, 2000 in Japan, to Which the subject
`application claims priority under the Paris Convention and
`Which is incorporated by reference herein.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
`
`[0003] The present invention is related generally to a
`transmitter apparatus, a receiver apparatus and a base station
`implemented With the transmitter and receiver apparatuses
`Which are communicated With each other by making use of
`an orthogonal frequency division demultiplexing modula
`tion and a spectrum spreading modulation in combination.
`
`[0004] 2. Prior Art
`
`[0005] In recent years, it becomes an important issue to
`cope With interference due to delay spread through multi
`paths While the signal transmission rates of Wireless com
`munication systems have been increased. OFDM (Orthogo
`nal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is a technique With
`Which the problem of the interference due to delay spread
`can be solved. OFDM is a block-oriented modulation
`scheme that maps data symbols onto a plurality of orthogo
`nal sub-carriers separated by a distance to provide excellent
`resistance characteristics against the interference due to
`delay spread through the multipaths. Also, OFDM is capable
`of compacting a substantially larger number of sub-carriers,
`as compared With a conventional FDM (Frequency Division
`Multiplexing), to provide an extremely high utiliZation of
`the frequency resources. OFDM is employed as a signal
`transmission scheme for digital broadcast in Europe, USA.
`and Japan, and, in addition to this, determined to be
`employed as part of the standard for Wireless system such as
`HIPER-LAN/2 (Europe), IEEE802.1la (U.S.A.), MMAC
`(Japan) Which are the next generations of the mobile com
`munication systems.
`[0006] MeanWhile, the next generations of the Wireless
`communication system are expected to support high speed
`signal transmission rates in the order of several Mbps to
`several tens of Mbps With a Wider bandWidth exclusively
`occupied by each channel. Because of this, it becomes
`furthermore important to improve the utiliZation of the
`frequency resources as compared With conventional sys
`tems. Furthermore, because of the limitation on the fre
`quency resources as available, a technical object resides in
`hoW to determine an effective arrangement of the frequency
`resources and an effective arrangement of the respective
`cells in the cellular system.
`
`[0007] Furthermore, the next generations of the Wireless
`communication system are expected to support different
`signal transmission rates to accommodate a variety of infor
`mation types for use in multimedia communications Which
`require different levels of QoS (Quality of Service). The
`support for different signal transmission rates can be imple
`
`mented by the use of different modulation systems and
`different encoding rates. Such a system capable of support
`ing different signal transmission rates is called as “a multi
`rate supporting system” in the folloWing description. The
`folloWing table shoWs the relationship among the transfer
`speeds, the encoding rates, the modulation schema and the
`receiver sensitivities.
`
`TRANSFER ENCODING MODULATION RECEIVER
`MODE SPEED
`RATE
`SCHEME
`SENSITIVITY
`
`M1
`M2
`M3
`M4
`M5
`M6
`M7
`
`6 Mbps
`9 Mbps
`12 Mbps
`18 Mbps
`27 Mbps
`36 Mbps
`54 Mbps
`
`BPSK
`BPSK
`QPSK
`QPSK
`16 QAM
`16 QAM
`64 QAM
`
`1/2
`3/4
`1/2
`3/4
`9/16
`3/4
`3/4
`
`—82 dBm
`—81 dBm
`—79 dBm
`—77 dBm
`—74 dBm
`—70 dBm
`—65 dBm
`
`[0008] In the case of this example, there are seven modes
`M1 to M7 are implemented. Needless to say, a good Wireless
`transmission condition is required for communication at a
`high speed transmission rate. As described in the above
`table, it is necessary to secure a higher reception electric
`?eld strength in order to change the transition mode from the
`loW rate transition mode to the high rate transition mode, i.e.,
`from the mode M1to the mode M7. Inversely, When the
`transition mode is changed from the high rate transition
`mode to the loW rate transition mode, i.e., from the mode M7
`to the mode M1, the reception electric ?eld strength as
`required is loWered. Namely, in the case of the multi-rate
`supporting system, it is possible to vary the extent (cover
`age) of the area (cell) to Which radio Waves can be effec
`tively transmitted from one base station by changing the
`signal transmission rate. More speci?cally speaking, it is
`possible to expand the coverage of a cell by decreasing the
`signal transmission rate. Such a system capable of changing
`the coverage of a cell is called as “a dynamic cell structure
`system” in the folloWing description.
`
`[0009] Exemplary prior art dynamic cell structure systems
`are described in “Studies of Zone Generation Algorithm in
`Adaptive Variable Zone Structure System”, Institute of
`Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers,
`B-5-204, 1998 and described in “Studies of Adaptive Vari
`able Zone Structure System Implemented With a Directional
`Antenna in a Base Station”, Communications Society Con
`ference, B-5-81, 1998. In the case of these exemplary prior
`art techniques, it is accomplished to lessen the load on a base
`station due to disparity of the number of mobile stations to
`be linked With the base station and decrease the distance
`betWeen adjacent Zones utiliZing the same frequency by
`making use of an adaptive array antenna and adaptively
`modifying the pro?le of the Zone in accordance With the
`distribution of mobile stations.
`
`[0010] Furthermore, another exemplary prior art dynamic
`cell structure system is described in “Area Con?guration
`Method in Multi-Rate Compatible High Speed Wireless
`LAN”, Communications Society Conference, B-5-89, 1999.
`The coverage of a cell is changed by modifying the Zone
`pro?le in the case of the exemplary prior art technique as
`described above by making use of an adaptive array antenna.
`Contrary to this, in accordance With the above described
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 16
`
`

`

`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`Sep. 13, 2001
`
`B-5-89 reference, the coverage of a cell is changed by
`varying the transmission rate of the beacon signal.
`
`[0011] The system becomes more ?exible as the variable
`range of the coverage of a cell is increased in the dynamic
`cell structure system. For this reason, it is a technical issue
`hoW to expand the variable range of the coverage of a cell.
`
`[0012] Furthermore, it is inevitable that the interference
`With an adjacent cell is increased While the coverage of a cell
`is expanded. In other Words, the expansion of the coverage
`is closely related to the arrangement of cells in the cellular
`system. From this fact, there is a problem as to hoW to
`arrange cells in the dynamic Zone structure.
`
`[0013] Also, the utiliZation of the frequency resources has
`to be improved in a Wireless communication system. Par
`ticularly, in the case of the Wireless communication system
`in the next generations Where the occupied signal bandWidth
`per channel is designed to be broad, the frequency resources
`as available are limited so that an appropriate system design
`is required to accomplish highly utiliZation of the frequency
`resources.
`
`[0014] The intelligent antenna (smart antenna) is a Wire
`less communication system improving the utiliZation of
`channels. The intelligent antenna technology has been
`explained, for example, in “Intelligent Antenna Technol
`ogy”, Communications Society Conference Vol.1, TB-S-l,
`1999. The exemplary prior art dynamic cell structure sys
`tems as described in “Studies of Zone Generation Algorithm
`in Adaptive Variable Zone Structure System” and “Studies
`of Adaptive Variable Zone Structure System Implemented
`With a Directional Antenna in a Base station” are also
`examples of application of the intelligent antenna.
`[0015] The exemplary prior art as described in “Unnec
`essary Waves Suppression Characteristics for Multi Carrier
`CMA Adaptive Array” is an example of application of the
`intelligent antenna to the OFDM system. In this example,
`the respective signals as received through a plurality of
`antenna elements are appropriately Weighted and then syn
`thesiZed by means of a synthesiZer. The signals as synthe
`siZed are converted into the signals in the frequency domain
`by means of FFT. The Weight factor is determined on the
`basis of CMA (Constant Modules Algorithm) in order to
`make equal all the amplitudes of the respective sub-carriers.
`In the case Where the reception electric poWer of the target
`Waves is sufficiently large, the control scheme on the basis
`of CMA is considered to be effective.
`
`[0016] The reception electric ?eld strength as required is
`depending on the signal transmission rate in the case of the
`multi-rate supporting system. For this reason, it is important
`hoW to effectively control the Weight factors given to an
`adaptive array antenna in such an environment Where dif
`ferent coverages are given to users.
`
`[0017] Also, in the case of such a system in Which the
`communication range is expanded by the antenna gain as
`obtained by directing the beam from an adaptive array
`antenna to the target mobile station, it is impossible to
`continue communication unless the antenna is directed to the
`mobile station. In other Words, While communication can be
`continued Without controlling the direction of the antenna in
`the case Where the mobile station is located Within the
`service area, it is impossible to establish communication
`With a mobile station located outside of the service area
`
`unless the antenna is directed to the mobile station by beam
`control. The antenna is controlled in order to appropriately
`direct the beam on the basis of the information obtained
`from the received signals. Accordingly, it is impossible to
`obtain information necessary for taking appropriate control
`of the antenna in order to direct a beam to the mobile station
`that is located in a remote position Where a communication
`link can be established only by securing a necessary antenna
`gain through the adaptive array antenna directed to that
`mobile station.
`
`[0018] In this manner, the next generations of the Wireless
`communication system are expected to support high speed
`signal transmission rates in the order of several Mbps to
`several tens of Mbps With a Wider bandWidth exclusively
`occupied by each channel. Because of this, it becomes
`indispensable to improve the utiliZation of the frequency
`resources as compared With conventional systems. Further
`more, because of the limitation on the frequency resources
`as available, the technical object resides in the arrangement
`of the frequency resources and the arrangement of the
`respective cells in the cellular system.
`
`[0019] Furthermore, the system becomes more ?exible as
`the variable range of the coverage of a cell is increased in the
`dynamic cell structure system. For this reason, it is a
`technical issue to expand the variable range of the coverage
`of a cell. Furthermore, it is inevitable that the interference
`With an adjacent cell is increased While the coverage of a cell
`is expanded. Namely, it shall not be the case that the
`interference With an adjacent cell is increased While the
`coverage of a cell is expanded. From this fact, it is a
`technical issue hoW to arrange cells in the dynamic Zone
`structure.
`
`[0020] Also, it is important hoW to effectively control the
`Weight factors given to an adaptive array antenna in Which
`the utiliZation of the frequency resources is improved by
`making use of the adaptive array antenna. Furthermore, it is
`impossible to obtain information necessary for taking appro
`priate control of the antenna in order to direct a beam to the
`mobile station that is located in a remote position Where a
`communication link can be established only by securing a
`necessary antenna gain through the adaptive array antenna
`directed to that mobile station. In consequence, it is an
`important technical problem hoW to determine the initial
`position of a remote mobile station (the initial position
`determination).
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`[0021] The present invention has been made in order to
`solve the shortcomings as described heretofore. It is an
`object of the present invention to provide a transmitter
`apparatus, a receiver apparatus and a base station imple
`mented With the transmitter and receiver apparatuses in
`Which it is possible to expand the variable range of the
`coverage of a cell in the dynamic cell structure system.
`
`[0022] It is another object of the present invention to
`provide a transmitter apparatus, a receiver apparatus and a
`base station implemented With the transmitter and receiver
`apparatuses in Which the interference betWeen adjacent cells
`is effectively prevented even in the cell arrangement Where
`the frequency resources as available are limited.
`
`[0023] It is further object of the present invention to
`provide a transmitter apparatus, a receiver apparatus and a
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 17
`
`

`

`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`Sep. 13, 2001
`
`base station implemented With the transmitter and receiver
`apparatuses in Which it is possible to obtain information
`necessary for taking appropriate control of the antenna in
`order to direct a beam to the mobile station that is located in
`a remote position Where a communication link can be
`established only by securing a necessary antenna gain
`through the adaptive array antenna directed to that mobile
`station.
`
`[0024] In brief, the above and other objects and advan
`tages of the present invention are provided by a neW and
`improved transmitter apparatus making use of an orthogonal
`frequency division multiplexing modulation and a spectrum
`spreading modulation in combination comprising: an
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing circuit Which
`selectively modulates information signals to be transmitted
`by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing; a spectrum
`spreading circuit Which selectively performs a spectrum
`spreading modulation of said information signals to be
`transmitted; and a transmission signal processing circuit
`Which transfers said information signals Which have been
`modulated by either said orthogonal frequency division
`multiplexing modulation or said spectrum spreading modu
`lation to a receiver apparatus as a transmission signal,
`Wherein, When said receiver apparatus and said transmitter
`apparatus are located so close to each other that the received
`signal level of said receiver apparatus is suf?cient to main
`tain the communication betWeen said receiver apparatus and
`said transmitter apparatus With signals Which are modulated
`on the basis of said orthogonal frequency division multi
`plexing modulation but not modulated on the basis of said
`spectrum spreading modulation, said orthogonal frequency
`division multiplexing circuit performs the modulation of
`said information signals to be transmitted While said spec
`trum spreading circuit does not perform said spectrum
`spreading modulation of said information signals to be
`transmitted, and Wherein, When said receiver apparatus and
`said transmitter apparatus are located so remote from each
`other that the received signal level of said receiver apparatus
`is not sufficient to maintain the communication betWeen said
`receiver apparatus and said transmitter apparatus With sig
`nals Which are modulated on the basis of said orthogonal
`frequency division multiplexing modulation but not modu
`lated on the basis of said spectrum spreading modulation,
`said orthogonal frequency division multiplexing circuit does
`not perform said orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
`modulation of said information signals to be transmitted
`While said spectrum spreading circuit performs said spec
`trum spreading modulation of said information signals to be
`transmitted.
`
`[0025] In a preferred embodiment, further improvement
`resides in that said orthogonal frequency division multiplex
`ing circuit is provided With a serial-to-parallel converter
`Which converts said information signals to be transmitted
`from a serial data sequence to a parallel data sequence, a
`modulator Which serves to map said parallel data as con
`verted by said serial-to-parallel converter onto symbols in
`the frequency domain, an inverse fast Fourier transform unit
`Which performs the inverse fast Fourier transformation of
`said information signals as mapped and a parallel-to-serial
`converter Which converts the output data sequence of the
`IFFT unit 16 from a parallel data sequence to a serial data
`sequence.
`
`[0026] In a preferred embodiment, further improvement
`resides in that said spectrum spreading circuit is provided
`With a spectrum spreading pattern generation circuit Which
`generates a plurality of spectrum spreading patterns for use
`in said spectrum spreading modulation.
`[0027] In a preferred embodiment, further improvement
`resides in that said transmission signal processing circuit is
`provided With an adaptive array antenna and Wherein, When
`said receiver apparatus and said transmitter apparatus are
`located so remote from each other that the received signal
`level of said receiver apparatus is not sufficient to maintain
`the communication betWeen said receiver apparatus and said
`transmitter apparatus With signals Which are modulated on
`the basis of said orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
`modulation but not modulated on the basis of said spectrum
`spreading modulation, the direction of said receiver appa
`ratus relative to said transmitter apparatus is detected by
`making use of a transmission signal Which is modulated by
`said spectrum spreading modulation, folloWed by directing
`a beam of the adaptive array antenna to said mobile station
`to increase the received signal level of said receiver appa
`ratus and make it possible to perform the communication
`betWeen said receiver apparatus and said transmitter appa
`ratus by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing.
`[0028] In accordance With a further aspect of the present
`invention, the above and other objects and advantages of the
`present invention are provided by a neW and improved
`transmitter apparatus making use of orthogonal frequency
`division multiplexing modulations and a spectrum spreading
`modulation in combination comprising: an orthogonal fre
`quency division multiplexing circuit Which performs a ?rst
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation of
`information signals to be transmitted; a spectrum spreading
`circuit Which selectively performs a spectrum spreading
`modulation of the output of said orthogonal frequency
`division multiplexing circuit; and a transmission signal
`processing circuit Which transfers the output of said spec
`trum spreading circuit to a receiver apparatus as a transmis
`sion signal, Wherein, When said receiver apparatus and said
`transmitter apparatus are located so close to each other that
`the received signal level of said receiver apparatus is suf?
`cient to maintain the communication betWeen said receiver
`apparatus and said transmitter apparatus With signals Which
`are modulated by said ?rst orthogonal frequency division
`multiplexing modulation but not modulated on the basis of
`said spectrum spreading modulation, said orthogonal fre
`quency division multiplexing circuit performs said ?rst
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation
`While said spectrum spreading circuit does not perform said
`spectrum spreading modulation of the output of said
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing circuit, and
`Wherein, When said receiver apparatus and said transmitter
`apparatus are located so remote from each other that the
`received signal level of said receiver apparatus is not suf
`?cient to maintain the communication betWeen said receiver
`apparatus and said transmitter apparatus With signals Which
`are modulated by said ?rst orthogonal frequency division
`multiplexing modulation but not modulated on the basis of
`said spectrum spreading modulation, said orthogonal fre
`quency division multiplexing circuit performs a second
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation hav
`ing a bandWidth Which is narroWer than that of said ?rst
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation
`While said spectrum spreading circuit performs said spec
`
`Facebook's Exhibit No. 1053
`Page 18
`
`

`

`US 2001/0021182 A1
`
`Sep. 13, 2001
`
`trum spreading modulation of the output of said orthogonal
`frequency division multiplexing circuit.
`[0029] In a preferred embodiment, further improvement
`resides in that said orthogonal frequency division multiplex
`ing circuit serves to perform a phase shift keying modulation
`of said information signals.
`
`[0030] In accordance With a further aspect of the present
`invention, the above and other objects and advantages of the
`present invention are provided by a neW and improved
`transmitter apparatus making use of orthogonal frequency
`division multiplexing modulations and a spectrum spreading
`modulation in combination comprising: a mapping circuit
`Which serves to map information signals to be transmitted
`onto symbols in the frequency domain suitable for a ?rst
`orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation; a
`spectrum spreading circuit Which selectively performs a
`spectrum spreading modulation of the output of said map
`ping circuit; an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
`circuit Which performs said ?rst orthogonal frequency divi
`sion multiplexing modulation of the output signal of said
`spectrum spreading circuit; and a transmission signal pro
`cessing circuit Which transfers the output of said orthogonal
`frequency division multiplexing circuit to a receiver appa
`ratus as a transmission signal, Wherein, When said receiver
`apparatus and said transmitter apparatus are located so close
`to each other that the received signal level of said receiver
`apparatus is suf?cient to maintain the communication
`betWeen said receiver apparatus and said transmitter appa
`ratus With signals Which are modulated by said ?rst orthogo
`nal frequency division multiplexing modulation but not
`modulated on the basis of said spectrum spreading modu
`lation, said orthogonal frequency division multiplexing cir
`cuit performs said ?rst orthogonal frequency division mul
`tiplexing modulation While said spectrum spreading circuit
`does not perform said spectrum spreading modulation of the
`output of said mapping circuit, and Wherein, When said
`receiver apparatus and said transmitter apparatus are located
`so remote from each other that the received signal level of
`said receiver apparatus