`Computer and
`Internet Terms
`
`Eleventh Edition
`
`Douglas A. Downing. Ph.D.
`School of Business and Economics
`
`Seattle Pacific University
`
`Michael A. Covington. Ph.D.
`Artificial Intelligence Center
`
`The University of’ Georgia
`
`Melody Mauldin Covington
`
`Covington Innovations
`
`Athens, Georgia
`
`Catherine Anne Barrett. B.F.A.
`
`University of Kentucky Law School
`
`Lexington. Kentucky
`
`Sharon Covington, B.A.
`Covington Innovations
`
`Athens. Georgia
`
`fifi
`
`BARRO S
`
`HIMPP 1012
`
`HIMPP 1012
`
`
`
`ABOUT THE AUTHORS
`
`the School of
`Douglas Downing teaches economics and quantitative methods at
`Business and Economics at Seattle Pacific University. He is the author of several
`books in both Barron's E—Z and Business Review series. He is also the author ol'.!'m-ct
`
`1-l/ct_\' and Da'ctt'mmr_\' rg/':1/1(rrlrwm'ttfcs T(’i'J'llS. puhlished by
`Prngranrming the Eris)‘
`Barron‘s Educational Series.
`Inc. He holds the Ph.D. degree in economics from
`’ale University.
`Michael Covington is Associate Director of the Artificial Intelligence Institute at
`the University of Georgia. He is the author of’ several hoolts and over 250 magazine
`articles. He holds the Ph.D. degree in linguistics from Yale University.
`Melody Maultlin Covington is a graphic designer living in Athens. Georgia. She is
`the author of Dt'crimmr_\‘ Q/"Dc.s'/(trip Publi.s'ln'ng (published by Barron's).
`Catherine Anne Barrett is a graduate of the Lamar Dodd School ofArt [University
`of Georgia} and a student at University of Kentucky Law School.
`Sharon Covington is a graduate of Emory University.
`
`© Copyright 2013. 2009. 2006. 2003. 3000. N98. 1996. 1995. 1993, l989. and I986
`by Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
`
`All rights reserved.
`No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in
`any form or by any means without the written permission
`of the copyright owner.
`
`l3arron’s books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and
`sales promotions. or for Lise in corporate training programs. For more in1'ormation.
`please write to the Special Sales Manager. Barron's Edticational Series.
`lnc.. at the
`mailing address indicated below.
`
`AH r'nqtu'rt'c.s‘ s/maria’ he ctcMrc.s'.s‘c*c! I0.‘
`Barron's Educational Series. Inc.
`250 Wireless Boulevard
`
`Hauppauge. NY [I788
`www.barronseduocom
`
`r
`.1’!
`ISBN: 978-0-7641-475 .—5
`
`Lr'brur_r rgf'C'n:rgr'e.t‘.s' Ccmtmf Nmul.'m'.' 2012021295
`
`Library of Congress Catal0ging-in-Publication Data
`Dictionary of computer and internet
`terms / Douglas A. Downing... let al.]. —
`Eleventh ed.
`
`p.
`
`cm.
`
`lncludes hibliographical references and index.
`ISBN 978-07641-4755-5 (allt. paper)
`1. Comptitet‘s—Dictionat'ies.
`2. Internet-Dictionaries.
`QA76.l5.D667
`2012
`(l0—l.(l3—de23
`
`1. Downing. Douglas.
`
`ID I 203 l 295
`
`PRlu_\"[‘ED l\' C]—lI.\’A
`
`9 S 7 (1 5 4
`
`
`
`This material may be protected by Copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Code)
`
`