\
`
`Hawley's
`Condensed Chemical
`Dictionary
`Fourteenth Edition
`
`Revised by
`Richard J. Lewis, Sr.
`
`DISCARDED
`
`THE LIBRARY
`LA SIERRA UNIVERSITY
`
`JUL O 8 2002
`RIVERSIDE, CALIF. 92515
`
`JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
`
`INTEX EXHIBIT 2004, Pg. 1
`Bestway v. Intex; IPR2017-01396
`
`

`

`This book is printed on acid-free paper. 9
`Copyright© 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. All rights reserved.
`Published simultaneously in Canada.
`
`No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
`in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or
`otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States
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`through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222
`Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4744. Requests to the
`Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley &
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`6008, E-mail: PERMREQ@WILEY.COM.
`
`For ordering and customer service, call 1-800-CALL-WILEY.
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
`\/ <"; /~ \.-~;, ; I
`'! f~·~
`!
`·
`Condensed chemical dictionary.
`·
`' ·' · ""' ' .,
`Hawley's condensed chemicai'r'&i:dtionaij::J..1ll4th;~d:h~~;\f- llichard J. Lewis, Sr. p. cm.
`Includes index.
`_
`.,
`ISBN 0-471-38735-5 (cloth: acid-freepaper)
`1. Chemistry-Dictionaries. I. Title: '•clliii:ciensed· chemical dictionary. II Hawley, Gessner Goodrich,
`1905- III. Lewis, Richard J., Sr. IV. Title.
`
`';
`
`QD5 C5 2002
`540".3--dc21
`
`Printed in the United States of America.
`
`10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
`
`2001045614
`
`INTEX EXHIBIT 2004, Pg. 2
`Bestway v. Intex; IPR2017-01396
`
`

`

`!·
`
`getable
`'upper
`
`rpound
`erature
`md oils
`are hy-
`id alco-
`xes are
`.ymers,
`, Com-
`th tex-
`le odor
`~ good
`tic sol-
`are as
`
`:rry,
`
`eresin,
`
`rystal-
`
`.sters
`
`:h
`
`-crack-
`abher-
`i prod-
`; and
`. on in-
`
`ed col-
`C, bp
`liquids
`
`let.
`Iame-,
`I other
`g cov-
`neand
`i gums
`emol-
`
`isually
`1 crys-
`iormal
`nedby
`
`1175
`
`WETTING AGENT,
`
`See a ging (c).
`
`dewaxing tank bottoms, refinery residues, and other
`petroleum waste products; they have an average
`molecular weight of 500-800 (twice that of paraf-
`fin), Viscosity 45-120 sec (SUS at 98.9C), penetra-
`tion value 3-33. Petroleum-derived products are
`used for adhesives, paper coating, cosmetic creams,
`floor wax, electrical insulation, heat-sealing, glass
`fabric impregnation, leather treatment, emulsions,
`etc. Some natural products, notably chlorophyll, are
`classed as microcrystalline waxes.
`wax, polymethylene. White, odorless solid
`with congealing point of 96.lC. Offered in flaked
`!orm. Approved by FDA.
`wax tailings.
`Brown, sticky, semiasphalt prod-
`uct obtained in the destructive distillation of petrole-
`um tar just before formation of coke.
`Use: Wood preservative, roofing paper.
`"Weatherometer."
`web.
`A roll of paper as it comes from the fourdrini-
`er machine and used to feed a rotary printing press.
`weedkiller.
`See herbicide.
`Weerman degradation.
`Formation of an al-
`dose with one less carbon atom from an aldonic acid
`by a Hoffmann-type rearrangement of the corre-
`sponding amide. This is a general reaction of a-
`hydroxy carboxylic a cids.
`weight.
`See mass.
`weighting agent.
`(1) In soft drink technology,
`an oil or oil-soluble compound of high specific grav-
`ity, such as a brominated olive oil, which is added to
`citrus flavoring oils to raise the specific gravity of
`the mixture to about 1.00, so that stable emulsions
`with water can be made for flavoring. (2) In the
`textile industry a compound used both to deluster
`and lower the cost of a fabric, at the same time
`improving its "hand" or feeling. Zinc acetylaceto-
`nate, clays, chalk, etc. are used.
`welding.
`Joining or bonding of metals or thermo-
`plastics by application of temperatures high enough
`to melt the materials so that they fuse to a permanent
`union on cooling. In general, the temperatures used
`for thermoplastics are considerably lower than re-
`quired for metals. The following methods are used
`for metals: (1) An oxyacetylene flame is applied
`with a torch to the butted ends or edges of the pieces
`to be joined. (2) A method called brazing is similar
`to (1), except that a nonferrous filler alloy is inserted
`between the pieces. A number of alloys are used,
`e.g., Ag/Cu/Zn; the fi ller cannot be remelted. It
`forms an intermetallic compound at the interfaces.
`(3) In resistance welding, the heat is provided by the
`resistance to an electric current as it passes through
`the material. No filler metal is used. ( 4) In ultrasonic
`
`welding, the heat source is the friction resulting
`from ultrasonic vibrations. It is a type of friction
`welding. (5) Electron-beam welding is a compara-
`tively recent technique in which energy is supplied
`by a stream of electrons focused by a magnetic field
`under high vacuum. It is used for complicated weld-
`ments of tool steels.
`The following methods are used for welding such
`thermoplastics as polyvinyl chloride, HDPE, poly-
`propylene, and polycarbonates: (1) Hot gas tech-
`nique, in which an electrically or gas-heated "gun"
`melts a rod of the same material as the parts to be
`joined. (2) Friction welding, in which heat is gener-
`ated by rapid rubbing together of the two surfaces,
`one of which is held stationary while the other is
`rubbed against it at a speed great enough to cause
`softening. (3) Ultrasdnic welding, which is also used
`for metals. See(4) above.
`See solder.
`
`"Wellbrom" [Albemarle].
`TM for sodium bro-
`mide solution, completion fluid.
`Use: Completion, work-over and packer fluid in oil-
`field applications.
`
`Werner, A.
`(1866-1919). A native of Switzer-
`land, Werner was awarded the Nobel prize for his
`development of the concept of the coordination
`theory of valence, which he advanced in 1893. His
`ideas revolutionized the approach to the structure of
`inorganic compounds and in recent years have per-
`meated this entire area of chemistry. The term,Wer-
`ner complex has largely been replaced by "coordina-
`tion compound."
`
`Wessely-Moser rearrangement.
`Rearrange-
`ment offlavones and flavanones possessing a 5-hy-
`droxyl group, through fission of the heterocyclic
`ring and reclosure of the intermediate diaroylmeth-
`anes in the alternate d irection .
`
`Weston cell.
`An electrical cell used as a standard
`that consists of an amalgamated cadmium anode
`covered with crystals of cadmium sulfate dipping
`into a saturated solution of the salt, and a mercury
`cathode covered with solid mercury sulfate.
`
`Westphalen-Lettre rearrangement.
`Dehy-
`dration of 5-hydroxycholesterol derivatives accom-
`panied by C-10 to C-5 methyl migration in com-
`pounds with a ~-substituent in C-6.
`
`wet deposition.
`
`See acid precipitation.
`
`wetting agent.
`A surface-active agent that,
`when added to water, causes it to penetrate more
`easily into, or to spread over the surface of, another
`material by reducing the surface tension of the wa-
`ter. Soaps, alcohols, and fatty acids are examples.
`See detergent.
`
`INTEX EXHIBIT 2004, Pg. 3
`Bestway v. Intex; IPR2017-01396
`
`