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`Send completed form to: Commissioner for Patents
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`END920070437US 1
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`Title
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`
`Systers and Method for Detecting and Broadcasting a Critical
`Event
`“
`
`The undersigned hereby grants the USPTO authority to provide the European Patent Office (EPO), the
`Japan Patent Office (JPO), and any other intellectual property offices in which a foreign application
`claiming priority to the above-identified application is filed access to the above-identified patent application.
`See 37 CFR 1.14(c) and (h).
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`This written authorization should be submitted prior to the filing of a subsequent foreign application, in
`which priority is claimed to the above-identified patent application, with any intellectual property office (e.g.,
`the EPO or JPO).
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`No fee will be charged under 37 CFR 1.19(b)(1) for providing a participating intellectual property office with
`an electronic copy of the above-identified application.
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`This form must be signed by an authorized party in accordance with 37 CFR 1.14(c).
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`/Theodore D. Fay,III/
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`Theodore D, Fay, 0
`Printed or Typed Name
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`Attorneyfor Applicants
`Title
`
`May 30, 2008
`Date
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`48,504
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`In accordance with 37 CFR 1.14(h)(3), access will be provided to a copy of the application-as-filed with
`respectto: 1) the above-identified application, 2) any foreign application to which the above-identified
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`SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING AND BROADCASTINGA CRITICAL
`
`EVENT
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`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
`
`[0001] This application is related to United States application serial number 11/968,772
`
`filed January 3, 2008, and entitled “Method and Apparatus For Digital Life Recording
`
`And Playback”, incorporated by reference herein for all purposes.
`
`1.
`
`Field of the Invention:
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`[0002] The present invention relates generally to personal security systems and, more
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`specifically, to a system and method for detecting and signaling the existence ofa critical
`
`event.
`
`2.
`
`Description of the Related Art:
`
`[0003] When a critical event occurs, there may frequently be a delay in summoning
`
`assistance or dispatching emergency personnel or other equipment to the area of the
`
`emergency. Delays may be attributed to various problems. For example, a delay may be
`
`caused by an inability to reach emergency personnel by a standard communication
`
`method, such as a telephone. A delay may also be caused by uncertainty regarding
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`whether an event should be treated as an emergency. Additionally, a delay may be
`
`caused by confusion or other concerns regarding the appropriate personnel or equipment
`
`to dispatch for a particular emergency. Delays in response may compromise or
`
`jeopardize the security, safety or health of individual persons or the public-at-large. A
`
`related application serial number 11/968,772,filed January 3, 2008, entitled “Method and
`
`Apparatus For Digital Life Recording And Playback”, discloses a networked system that
`
`continually senses and captures information associated with all aspects of a person’s daily
`
`activities and life. The captured information may include the occurrence of a critical
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`event or other emergency that requires prompt reporting and quick action. Reducing the
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`response time when an emergencyor othercritical event occurs would improve security,
`
`provide a valuable public service and increase individual and public safety.
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`BRIEF SUMMARY
`
`[0004] This disclosure describes a personal safety alert system that broadcasts the
`
`occurrence ofa critical event or other emergencysituation so that public safety personnel
`
`or other assistance may be notified quickly.
`
`[0005] According to one disclosed class of innovative embodiments, there is provided a
`
`computer-implemented method of reporting a critical event comprises acquiring input
`
`data that may comprise a stream of digitized signature data.
`
`The input data is
`
`continuously analyzed to determine an event context. A priority of the determined event
`
`context is assessed and responsive to the priority assessment, a reporting response is
`
`generated.
`
`[0006] According to another disclosed class of innovative embodiments,
`
`there is
`
`disclosed a system comprising a plurality of integrated subsystems configurable for
`
`processing sensory data. The system comprises an analysis subsystem that determines an
`
`event context based on a glossary comprising signature data and a reporting subsystem
`
`communicatively coupled to the analysis subsystem that receives the events determined
`
`by the analysis subsystem.
`
`[0007] According to another disclosed class of innovative embodiments,
`
`there is
`
`disclosed a system for broadcasting a critical alert. The system comprises an external
`
`interface, a receiving mechanism that logs a receipt of an alert, a prioritizing mechanism
`
`that grades the urgency of the received alert based on a configuration setting and a
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`distributing mechanism that broadcasts an alarm responsive to grading the urgency ofthe
`
`receivedalert.
`
`[0008] The embodiments of the disclosure provide an advantage of minimizing the
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`response time during an emergency by automatically sending alerts or alarms to
`
`designated emergency personnel or to a public safety sub-system that disseminates the
`
`alert or alarm.
`
`[0009] The embodiments of the disclosure also provide an advantage of automatically
`
`determining whether or not an event should be categorized as requiring an emergency
`
`response and a broadcastalert.
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`[0010] The embodiments of the disclosure also provide an advantage of providing a
`
`personal protection system that provides an advance warning of impending potentially
`
`negative events.
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`[0011] These and other advantages will be more clearly understood from the following
`
`detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims.
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
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`[0012] For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and the advantages
`
`thereof, reference is now made to the following brief description, taken in connection
`
`with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein similar or identical
`
`reference numerals represent similar or identical parts.
`
`[0013] FIG. 1 is a representation of a network of data processing systems in which
`
`illustrative embodiments may be implemented;
`
`[0014] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a data processing system in which illustrative
`
`embodiments may be implemented;
`
`[0015] FIG. 3 is a diagram detailing the data processing according to one embodimentof
`
`the disclosure;
`
`[0016] FIG. 4 is a top-level
`
`flowchart of the general process according to one
`
`embodimentof the current disclosure;
`
`[0017] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the analysis subsystem according to one embodiment of
`
`the current disclosure;
`
`[0018] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a general reporting subsystem according to one
`
`embodimentof the current disclosure;
`
`[0019] FIG. 7 is a diagram of the public safety subsystem according to one embodiment
`
`of the current disclosure; and
`
`[0020] FIG. 8 is an implementation model detailing the public safety system according
`
`to one embodiment of the current disclosure.
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`[0021] The present disclosure is described below with reference to flowchart illustrations
`
`and/or block diagrams of methods, systems and computer program products according to
`
`embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart
`
`illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart
`
`illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program
`
`instructions.
`
`[0022] These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general
`
`purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing
`
`apparatus to produce a machine, such that
`
`the instructions, which execute via the
`
`processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create
`
`means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block
`
`diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a
`
`computer-readable medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data
`
`processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored
`
`in the computer-readable medium producean article of manufacture including instruction
`
`means which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram
`
`block or blocks.
`
`[0023] The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other
`
`programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be
`
`performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer
`
`implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other
`
`programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified
`
`in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
`
`[0024] As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the present invention may be
`
`embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, the present
`
`invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software
`
`embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment
`
`combining software and hardware aspects that mayall generally be referred to herein as a
`
`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`99
`
`66
`
`“circuit,”
`
`“module” or “system.” Furthermore, the computer program product embodied
`
`in any tangible medium of expression having computer usable program code embodied in
`
`the medium.
`
`[0025] In embodiments of this disclosure, a personal sensor alert (SensAlert) system is
`
`integrated into a communication infrastructure and network, such as the Digital Life
`
`Recording network detailed in U.S. Application 11/968,772, filed January 3, 2008,
`
`entitled “Method and Apparatus For Digital Life Recording And Playback”, incorporated
`
`by reference herein for all purposes. SensAlert broadcasts an alert or alarm notification
`
`of a critical or dangerous event occurrence to a public safety network or other pre-
`
`specified emergency assistance. The system receives input data from a multiplicity of
`
`sources. The data may be biometric, audio, video, location or other type of external
`
`digital data. As the data is analyzed,
`
`the criticality of the information received is
`
`evaluated. SensAlert determines the type of response required based the analysis and
`
`evaluation and enables an alert or alarm to be reported or broadcast to a public safety
`
`network or other networkor entity for an immediate response.
`
`[0026] With reference now to the figures, and in particular with reference to FIGS. 1-2,
`
`exemplary diagrams of data processing environments are provided in which illustrative
`
`embodiments may be implemented.
`
`It should be appreciated that FIGS. 1-2 are only
`
`exemplary and are not intended to assert or imply any limitation with regard to the
`
`environments in which different embodiments may be implemented. Many modifications
`
`to the depicted environments may be made.
`
`[0027] FIG. 1 depicts a pictorial representation of a network of data processing systems
`
`in whichillustrative embodiments may be implemented. Network data processing system
`
`100 is a network of computers in which embodiments may be implemented. Network
`
`data processing system 100 contains network 102, which is the medium used to provide
`
`communications links between various devices and computers connected together within
`
`network data processing system 100. Network 102 may include connections, such as
`
`wire, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables.
`
`[0028] In the depicted example, server 104 and server 106 connect to network 102 along
`
`with storage unit 108.
`
`In addition, clients 110, 112, and 114 connect to network 102.
`
`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`These clients 110, 112, and 114 may be, for example, personal computers or network
`
`computers.
`
`In the depicted example, server 104 provides data, such as bootfiles,
`
`operating system images, and applications to clients 110, 112, and 114. Clients 110, 112,
`
`and 114 are clients to server 104 in this example. The illustrative embodiments may be
`
`implemented in a data processing system, such as clients 110, 112, and 114. Clients 110,
`
`112, and 114 mayuse an Internet browser to communicate with server 104. Network
`
`data processing system 100 may include additional servers, clients, and other devices not
`
`shown.
`
`[0029] The illustrative embodiments may be used as a digital life recorder for capturing
`
`still images, video, audio, biometric information and other types of data associated with
`
`the daily activities of a person. The activities may be recorded on a continuous basis or
`
`may be periodically captured. For example, FIG. 1 depicts a recording subsystem 116.
`
`Recording subsystem 116 receives data captured from a plurality of data capturing
`
`devices. The data capturing devices may include, but are not limited to, video cameras.
`
`The captured data is processed by a mobile device associated with the person and is
`
`stored as raw data within a cache of the mobile device. Upon interfacing with a
`
`repository mass store, such as client 110, the stored data within the cache of the mobile
`
`device is uploaded to the repository mass store. Client 110 manages the data within the
`
`repository mass store and presents the data in response to a user request. Additional
`
`details of recording subsystem 116 and the repository mass store will be described below.
`
`[0030] Network 102 may be, without limitation, a local area network (LAN), wide area
`
`network (WAN), Internet, Ethernet, or Intranet.
`
`In this example, network 102 is the
`
`Internet, representing a worldwide collection of networks and gateways that use the
`
`Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
`
`(TCP/IP)
`
`suite of protocols
`
`to
`
`communicate with one another. At the heart of the Internet is a backbone of high-speed
`
`data communication lines between major nodes or host computers, consisting of
`
`thousands of commercial, governmental, educational and other computer systems that
`
`route data and messages. Of course, network data processing system 100 also may be
`
`implemented as a numberof different types of networks, such as for example, an intranet,
`
`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`a local area network (LAN), or a wide area network (WAN). FIG. 1 is intended as an
`
`example, and not as an architectural limitation for different embodiments.
`
`[0031] Turning now to FIG. 2, a diagram of a data processing system is depicted in
`
`accordance with an illustrative embodimentof the present invention.
`
`In this illustrative
`
`example, data processing system 200 includes communications fabric 202, which
`
`provides communications between processor unit 204, memory 206, persistent storage
`
`208, communications unit 210, input/output (I/O) unit 212, and display 214.
`
`[0032] Processor unit 204 serves to execute instructions for software that may be loaded
`
`into memory 206. Processor unit 204 may be a set of one or more processors or may be a
`
`multi-processor core, depending on the particular implementation. Further, processor
`
`unit 204 may be implemented using one or more heterogeneous processor systems in
`
`which a main processor is present with secondary processors on a single chip. As another
`
`illustrative example, processor unit 204 may be a symmetric multi-processor system
`
`containing multiple processors of the sametype.
`
`[0033] Memory 206, in these examples, may be, for example, a random access memory
`
`or any other suitable volatile or non-volatile storage device. Persistent storage 208 may
`
`take various forms depending on the particular implementation. For example, persistent
`
`storage 208 may contain one or more components or devices. For example, persistent
`
`storage 208 may be a hard drive, a flash memory, a rewritable optical disk, a rewritable
`
`magnetic tape, or some combination of the above. The media used by persistent storage
`
`208 also may be removable. For example, a removable hard drive may be used for
`
`persistent storage 208.
`
`[0034] Communications unit 210, in these examples, provides for communications with
`
`other data processing systems or devices.
`
`In these examples, communications unit 210 is
`
`a network interface card. Communications unit 210 may provide communications
`
`through the use of either or both physical and wireless communicationslinks.
`
`[0035] Input/output unit 212 allows for input and output of data with other devices that
`
`may be connected to data processing system 200. For example, input/output unit 212
`
`may provide a connection for user input through a keyboard and mouse.
`
`Further,
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`input/output unit 212 may send outputto a printer. Display 214 provides a mechanism to
`
`display information to a user.
`
`[0036] Instructions for the operating system and applications or programsare located on
`
`persistent storage 208. These instructions may be loaded into memory 206 for execution
`
`by processor unit 204. The processes of the different embodiments may be performed by
`
`processor unit 204 using computer implemented instructions, which maybe located in a
`
`memory, such as memory 206. These instructions are referred to as program code,
`
`computer usable program code, or computer readable program code that may be read and
`
`executed by a processor in processor unit 204. The program code in the different
`
`embodiments may be embodied on different physical or tangible computer readable
`
`media, such as memory 206 or persistent storage 208.
`
`[0037] Program code 216is located in a functional form on computer readable media 218
`
`that is selectively removable and may be loaded onto or transferred to data processing
`
`system 200 for execution by processor unit 204.
`
`Program code 216 and computer
`
`readable media 218 form computer program product 220 in these examples.
`
`In one
`
`example, computer readable media 218 maybe in a tangible form, such as, for example,
`
`an optical or magnetic disc that is inserted or placed into a drive or other device that is
`
`part of persistent storage 208 for transfer onto a storage device, such as a hard drive that
`
`is part of persistent storage 208.
`
`In a tangible form, computer readable media 218 also
`
`may take the form of a persistent storage, such as a hard drive, a thumb drive, or a flash
`
`memory that is connected to data processing system 200. The tangible form of computer
`
`readable media 218 is also referred to as computer recordable storage media.
`
`In some
`
`instances, computer readable media 218 may not be removable.
`
`[0038] Alternatively, program code 216 may be transferred to data processing system
`
`200 from computer
`
`readable media 218 through a
`
`communications
`
`link to
`
`communications unit 210 and/or through a connection to input/output unit 212. The
`
`communications link and/or the connection may bephysical or wireless in the illustrative
`
`examples. The computer readable media also may take the form of non-tangible media,
`
`such as communicationslinks or wireless transmissions containing the program code.
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`[0039] The different components illustrated for data processing system 200 are not meant
`
`to provide architectural limitations to the manner in which different embodiments may be
`
`implemented. The different illustrative embodiments may be implemented in a data
`
`processing system including components in addition to or in place of those illustrated for
`
`data processing system 200. Other components shownin FIG. 2 can be varied from the
`
`illustrative examples shown.
`
`[0040] As one example, a storage device in data processing system 200 is any hardware
`
`apparatus that may store data. Memory 206, persistent storage 208 and computer
`
`readable media 218 are examples of storage devices in a tangible form.
`
`[0041] In another example, a bus system may be used to implement communications
`
`fabric 202 and may be comprised of one or more buses, such as a system bus or an
`
`input/output bus. Of course, the bus system may be implemented using any suitable type
`
`of architecture that provides for a transfer of data between different components or
`
`devices attached to the bus system. Additionally, a communications unit may include
`
`one or more devices used to transmit and receive data, such as a modem or a network
`
`adapter. Further, a memory may be, for example, memory 206 or a cache such as found
`
`in an interface and memory controller hub that may be present in communications fabric
`
`202.
`
`[0042] The illustrative embodiments described herein provide a computer implemented
`
`method, system and computer program product for detecting and broadcastingacritical
`
`event. A plurality of data capturing devices dynamically captures data associated with
`
`the daily activities of a person. The data may be processed using a mobile device
`
`associated with the person. As depicted in FIG. 1, clients 110, 112, and 114 may
`
`represent a mobile device. The data may be stored into a cache of the mobile device.
`
`The data stored in the cache of the mobile device may be uploadedinto a repository mass
`
`store in response to interfacing the mobile device with the repository mass store.
`
`Interfacing may occur over a network, such as network 102 as shown in FIG.1.
`
`Network 102 may comprise of a wired or wireless communication link. The repository
`
`mass store may be associated with a data processing system such as data processing
`
`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`system 200. A selected data segment stored in the repository mass store is presented in
`
`response to receiving a request for the selected data segment.
`
`[0043] In FIG. 3, diagram 300 discloses one embodiment of the overall operational
`
`processing of the SensAlert system and method. Digitized data or other types of sensory
`
`data information may be stored in a digital life recording system cache 310 and provided
`
`as an input data stream to analysis system 320. Further details regarding the digital life
`
`recording (DLR) system cache and all other aspects of the DLR system may be
`
`referenced in the related application 11/968,772 filed January 3, 2008, and entitled
`
`“Method and Apparatus For Digital Life Recording And Playback”, which is
`
`incorporated by reference herein. The sensory data information may include, but is not
`
`limited to, audio data, video data, biometric information, and G-force data. It must be
`
`understood that the analysis system 320 may obtain input data from other external
`
`sources including, but not limited to, through USB ports, or optical or wireless means.
`
`[0044] Analysis subsystem 320 may compare the input data received to other information
`
`stored in a glossary. The glossary may be similar to a database or other file repository
`
`and may organize signature data, that is, data specific to the output of a certain type of
`
`sensor or class of sensors. For example, one glossary may store digital signature data
`
`related to sound. The sound signatures may be simulated or actual and may include
`
`sounds such as gunshots, screams and glass breaking. Another glossary may store digital
`
`signature data related to faces, such as faces of missing persons, criminals, and friends.
`
`An additional glossary may include biometric signature data. The biometric signatures
`
`may include data that indicate nervousness, such as sweatiness, elevated blood pressure,
`
`and increased heart rate. There may also be glossaries that include G-force signature
`
`data, such as acceleration or deceleration or other motion or gravitational related
`
`information. Glossaries may also contain user created signatures or commands. As one
`
`of ordinary skill would recognize, other types of glossaries are possible and the glossaries
`
`provided here are not intended to be an exclusivelisting.
`
`[0045] As the input data is streamed to the analysis subsystem 320,
`
`the analysis
`
`subsystem 320 may reference a glossary of sounds 360, a glossary of biometric sensor
`
`events 370, a glossary of faces 380, and any other glossaries that may be present, to
`
`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`compare the incoming digital signature data with the signature data in the referenced
`
`glossaries. For example, in one embodiment, the incoming digital signature data may be
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`compared to a sound signature in the glossary of sounds 360 and the incoming digital
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`signature data may match a scream signature.
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`In the same or another embodiment, the
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`comparison may result
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`in a gunshot signature match.
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`In the same or yet another
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`embodiment, a comparison with the glossary of faces 380 may result in a missing child
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`signature match. The signature matches maybe categorized as an eventthat the analysis
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`subsystem 320 reports to the reporting subsystem 330. The configuration database 390
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`may include settings that establish sensitivity and context
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`that affect
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`the accuracy of the
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`comparison process. For example, the sensitivity and context of a configuration setting for sound
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`may affect whether or not an incoming sound of a firecracker gets matched with a shotgun
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`signature or pistol signature. The settings of the configuration database 390 may be user-
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`configured. For example, the configuration database 390 may include options that may raise or
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`lower a level or awareness, or a threshold, of a subsystem. The analysis subsystem 320
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`determines the context or origination of an event, for example, a gunshot sound, or the sound of
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`glass breaking, or a missing persons face or a face of a criminal, and reports the event context to
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`the reporting subsystem 330.
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`[0046] The reporting subsystem 330 receives the events reported by the analysis subsystem 320
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`and may broadcast an alert based on the event received. The reporting subsystem 330 mayfilter
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`events based on configuration settings in the configuration database 390. The configuration
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`settings may also establish reporting criteria for various types of received events. One
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`configuration criteria may define an event as a medical emergency. Other configuration criteria
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`may include defining an event as a public safety emergency or problem. The configuration
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`criteria define the criticality or importance of an event and determine whether an alert
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`is
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`necessary or required.
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`For example, a glass breaking event may be received by the reporting
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`subsystem butinstead of broadcasting analert, the glass breaking eventis filtered out and noalert
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`is reported.
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`[0047] The configuration settings in the configurations database 390 may influence whether or
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`not a categorized and reported event may be broadcast and the format of the broadcast. The
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`broadcast alert may be formatted as a text message, an automated telephonic message, an audible
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`alarm, or may include any other type of notification signal known to one of skill in the art. The
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`configuration setting may also include an option that supports a time delay on an alert notification
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`Docket No. END920070437US1
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`Page 13 of 23
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`IPR2018-01093
`Apple Inc. Ex. 1002 Page 14
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`IPR2018-01093
`Apple Inc. Ex. 1002 Page 14
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`

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`that would enable a subsequent cancellation of an alarm. The configuration setting may also
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`include the enabling or disabling of the reporting subsystem for pre-determined time periods. For
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`example, a configuration setting may disable the reporting of any gunshotevent alerts for a two
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`hour period of time while a movie or television show is being viewed. Another option supported
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`by configuration database 390 may be a remote programming of options.
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`[0048] In one embodiment, the reporting subsystem 330 may determine that a reported eventis
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`critical and require an alert to be broadcast. The reporting subsystem 330 may be configured to
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`interface to a broadcasting subsystem 350, a public safety subsystem 340, or some other
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`subsystem to broadcastanalert.
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`[0049] The broadcasting subsystem 350 receives an alert and may broadcastthe alert to a user-
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`defined list of family and/or friends.
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`The broadcasting subsystem 350 may also broadcast to
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`alarm companies or any other user-defined entity specified in the configurations database 390.
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`[0050] The reporting subsystem 330 may also broadcast an alert
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`through a public safety
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`subsystem 340. The public safety subsystem 340 may be configured to receive alerts from the
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`reporting subsystem 330. It may also be configured to receive alerts from disparate or alternate
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`reporting subsystems. The received alerts may be analyzed and distributed through an
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`infrastructure to the appropriate personnel.
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`[0051] In one exemplary embodiment, a personal alert or alarm may be broadcast.
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`For
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`example, one event context may be the reporting of a criminal face or otherillicit activity in close
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`proximity. SensAlert may be enabled to broadcast a personal alert or alarm specific to a user to
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`warn the user of the event. The alert or alarm may be configured to be audible, such as a ringing
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`or buzzing sound,or silent, such as a vibration or low buzz or drone.
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`[0052] FIG. 4 presents a top-level flowchart 400 of one embodiment of the disclosure.
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`Flowchart 400 starts with the activation of the SensAlert system at a block 410.
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`In one
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`embodiment, the SensAlert system may always be activated and ready to receive incoming input
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`data through a DLR system infrastructure and other digitized sensory data infrastructures.
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`SensAlert may receive input data at a block 420 in the form of a digitized data stream.
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`It must be
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`recognized that other compatible data formats may be used. At a block 430, the event context of
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`the data may be determined based on comparing the input data stream