I lllll llllllll Ill lllll lllll lllll lllll lllll 111111111111111111111111111111111
`US008682357B2
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Worrall
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`Mar.25,2014
`
`(54) PAGING IN A WIRELESS NETWORK
`
`(75)
`
`Inventor: Chandrika K. Worrall, Newbury (GB)
`
`(73) Assignee: Intellectual Ventures Holding 81 LLC,
`Las Vegas, NV (US)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 1618 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 11/416,865
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`May2, 2006
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2007/0259675 Al
`
`Nov. 8, 2007
`
`(51)
`
`(2009.01)
`
`Int. Cl.
`H04W 68100
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`USPC ........................................... 455/458; 455/450
`( 58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC .......... 455/450, 458; 370/329, 341, 346, 431,
`370/432, 438, 449
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`6,876,636 B2
`7,471,957 B2 *
`7,912,471 B2
`8,107,962 B2 *
`2004/0008679 Al *
`2005/0041610 Al*
`2007/0218901 Al*
`
`412005 Sinnarajah et al.
`12/2008 Palkisto et al.
`............... 455/458
`3/2011 Kodikara Patabandi et al.
`1/2012 Parmar et al. ................. 455/437
`1/2004 Sinnarajah et al. ........... 370/390
`212005 Lee et al ....................... 370/312
`9/2007 Tenny ........................... 455/436
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`
`1631016 A2
`5-055610
`2009522889 T2
`2009522893 T2
`
`3/2006
`3/1993
`612009
`612009
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`3GPP UTRAN Functions, Examples on Signaling Procedures, Jun.
`2002, 3GPP TR 25.931 V3.7.0 (Jun. 2002).*
`3GPP Interlayer procedures in Connected Mode, Jun. 2002, 3GPPTS
`25.303 V3.12.0 (Jun. 2002).*
`"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group
`Services and System Aspects; Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Ser(cid:173)
`vice (MBMS); Architecture and functional description (Release 6),"
`(Sep. 2004). 3GPP:Valbonne, France, TS 23.246v6.4.0:1-42.
`Radio Electronics.com. "UMTS/WCDMA tutorial [l]-a tutorial
`about the 3G Wideband CDMA, WCDMA, or UMTS cellular tele(cid:173)
`communications system," located at <http://www.radio-electronics.
`corn/info/cellulartelecomms/umts/umts_ wcdma_tutorial.php> vis(cid:173)
`ited on Jun. 29, 2007. (3 pages).
`Radio Electronics.com. "UMTS/WCDMA tutorial [2]-the basic
`system architecture including the User Equipment-DE-, the
`Radio Network Subsystem, and the Core Network," located at
`<http: I /www.radio-electronic s .corn/ info/ cell ulartel ecomms/umts/
`umts_ wcdma_architecture.php> visited on Jun. 29, 2007. (3 pages).
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner -Ajit Patel
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Volpe and Koenig, P.C.
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Paging in a wireless network is described. A user equipment
`(UE) in idle mode is paged by sending a message on a control
`channel having an allocation of resources for a shared channel
`and a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) associated
`with other UE's including the UE. The paging message may
`include an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) or
`a Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI).
`
`EP
`EP
`
`0 544462 A2 * 211993
`1465444 A2
`10/2004
`
`H04Q 7/04
`
`54 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets
`
`118
`
`NODE B ATTACHES A c-RNTI AND SCCH
`INDEX TO THE PAGING MESSAGE
`BEFORE BROADCAST IN THE CELL
`
`Paging signal 1 Group Id
`
`Resources for SCH
`
`[SCCHl
`
`Paging signal 2
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[SCH]
`
`Ericsson v. IV II LLC
`Ex. 1001 / Page 1 of 17
`
`

`

`US 8,682,357 B2
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Radio Electronics.com. "UMTS/WCDMA tutorial [3]-the air inter(cid:173)
`face, frequencies, spreading and power control used within UMTS or
`Wideband CDMA, WCDMA, cellular telecommunications system,"
`located
`at
`<http://www.radioelectronics.com/info/cel(cid:173)
`lulartelecomms/umts/umts_ wcdma_radio.php> visited on Jun. 29,
`2007. (4 pages).
`Radio Electronics.com. "UMTS/WCDMA tutorial [4]-the frames
`slots and channels used within UMTS or Wideband CDMA,
`WCDMA, cellular telecommunications system," located at <http://
`vwvw.radio-electronics.com/info/cellulartelecomms/umts/umts
`wcdma_channels.php> visited on Jun. 29, 2007. (4 pages).
`Radio Electronics.com. "UMTS/WCDMA tutorial [5]-packet data,
`speech coding andhandoverused within UMTS or Wideband CDMA
`cellular telecommunication system," located at <http://www.radio(cid:173)
`electronics.com/info/cellulartelecomms/umts/umts_wcdma_cod(cid:173)
`ing_handover.php> visited on Jun. 29, 2007. (3 pages).
`System
`"Universal
`Mobile
`Telecommunications
`(UMTS);Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS; Archi(cid:173)
`tecture and Functional Description (3GPP TS 23.246 version 6.8.0
`Release 6),"Sep. 2005). ETSI TS 123 246 v6.8.0:l-49.
`International Search Report and Written Opinion mailed Aug. 13,
`2007, for PCT/EP2007/054161 filed Apr. 27, 2007, 14 pages.
`Office Action, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-198526, dated
`Nov. 16, 2012.
`
`Office Action, Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-508324, mailed
`Jan. 4, 2012.
`Office Action, Korean Patent Application No. 200780021642.8,
`dated Apr. 13, 2010.
`Office Action, Korean Patent Application No. 200780021642.8,
`dated Aug. 12, 2011.
`Office Action, Korean Patent Application No. 200780021642.8,
`dated Mar. 30, 2012.
`English Summary of Office Action Dated Jun. 3, 2011 from the
`Japanese Patent Office from Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-
`508324.
`Vodafone Group, Modelling of the LTE RRC Active state, 3GPP TSG
`RANWG2 #52, 3GPP, Apr. 27, 2006, Rl-060957, URL, http://www.
`3gpp.org/ftp/tsg_ran/WG2_RL2/TSGR2_52/Documents/R2-
`060957 .zip.
`IPWireless, Initial Cell Access Procedure in LTE, 3GPP TSG RAN
`WG2 #51, 3GPP, Feb. 13, 2006, Rl-060380, URL, http://www.3gpp.
`org/ftp/tsg_ran/WG2_RL2/TSGR2_5 l/Documents/R2-060380.
`zip.
`3GPP, Physical channels and mapping of transport channels onto
`physical channels (TDD) (Release 7), 3GPP TS 25.221, 3GPP, Mar.
`2006, V7.0.0., p. 84, URL, http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/
`25 _series/25 .221125 221-700 .zip.
`Ericsson, Paging for E-UTRA, Feb. 13-17, 2006, Rl-060576; TSG(cid:173)
`RANWGl #44.
`* cited by examiner
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 2 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25,2014
`
`Sheet 1of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`Uu
`
`S1
`
`External
`network
`
`124
`
`UE domain
`
`Radio Access
`Network (RAN)
`domain
`
`Core Network domain
`
`FIG. 1
`
`118
`
`[PAGING
`MESSAGE]
`
`PAGING MESSAGE,
`c-RNTl 3, SCCH 3
`
`NODE B ATTACHES A c-RNTI AND SCCH
`INDEX TO THE PAGING MESSAGE
`BEFORE BROADCAST IN THE CELL
`
`FIG. 2
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 3 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25,2014
`
`Sheet 2of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`110
`
`r3
`I UE I
`
`112
`
`r3
`I NODE B I
`
`I
`
`118
`
`r3
`I aGW I
`
`PAGING
`I_
`~ PAGING MESSAGE ~ i..-
`
`PAGING
`
`PAGING ACKNOWLEDGEMENT/UPLINK SYNCHRONISATION
`
`PAGING ACK/UL
`SYNCHRONISATION
`
`:::-
`
`PAGING ACK
`
`-
`
`CONNECT: SHARED CHANNEL OPERATION
`(SIGNALLING/TRAFFIC DATA)
`I
`FIG. 3
`
`c-RNTI
`
`SCCH
`INDEX
`
`aGW-INITIATED
`PAGING MESSAGE
`
`--------
`
`FIG. 4
`
`ADDED BY
`NODE B
`
`----
`
`aGW-INITIATED -----+- - - - ADDED BY - - - - - - - -
`PAGING MESSAGE
`NODE B
`
`FIG. 5
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 4 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25,2014
`
`Sheet 3of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`Dedicated access
`resources
`
`Random access
`resources
`
`Physical access
`resources
`
`FIG. 6
`
`Paging signal 1 I
`
`I
`
`I Pa~ing +dica1ors I
`
`I
`
`I [PICH]
`
`Paging signal 2
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[PCH]
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[PCH]
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[PCH]
`
`FIG. 7
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 5 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 25, 2014
`
`Sheet 4of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`Paging signal 1
`
`Group Id
`
`ragi:ng i~dic~tor~
`
`[SCCH]
`
`Paging signal 2
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[PCH]
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[PCH]
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[PCH]
`
`FIG. 8
`
`Paging signal 1 Group Id
`
`Resources for SCH
`
`[SCCH]
`
`Paging signal 2
`
`Paging message(s)
`
`[SCH]
`
`FIG. 9
`
`c-RNTI (which is signalled in the
`paging message)
`
`Signature sequence (for UL
`synchronisation)
`
`FIG. 10
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 6 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25,2014
`
`Sheet 5of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`..... -····················
`
`···•······
`
`·················-·········· ....... )
`
`PA~~N;l~~~~~:~----:~~~~~:E~-~~E-~~~%~l~~~~~~E,
`(------------------------ _____ ----- --TRACKl~:EA
`
`PAGING
`MESSAGE
`
`PAGING
`MESSAGE
`
`PAGING MESSAGE,
`c-RNTl2, SCCH2
`FIG. 11
`
`PAGING
`MESSAGE
`
`PAGING
`MESSAGE
`
`·············
`
`·•······
`
`PA~!~~T~~~~~:~----:~~~~~:E~-~~E-~:~~T~~~~~GE,
`(=~---------- ----- ___ --------- TRACKING AREA
`
`PAGING MESSAGE,
`c-RNTI, SCCH
`FIG. 12
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 7 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25,2014
`
`Sheet 6of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`110
`
`UE
`
`112
`
`<
`
`I NODE B I
`
`118
`
`<
`
`I aGW I
`
`PAGING SIGNAL 1
`
`PAGING
`_PAGING [PAGING MESSAGE]
`
`PAGING SIGNAL 2 [PAGING
`MESSAGE, c-RNTI, SCCH
`INDEX]
`
`:::::
`
`:::::
`
`PAGING ACKNOWLEDGEMENT/UL SYNCHRONISATION
`
`PAGING ACK/UL
`SYNCHRONISATION
`
`-
`
`PAGING ACK
`
`:::-
`
`RADIO BEARER CONFIGURATION
`_RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
`
`SCCH [TIMING ADVANCED/DL
`RESOURCE ALLOCATION]
`DL-SCH [RADIO BEARER
`SETUP]
`
`.:::
`
`:::::
`
`SCCH [UL RESOURCE
`ALLOCATION]
`UL-SCH [RADIO BEARER (RB)
`SETUP COMPLETE]
`
`-
`
`RAB ASSIGNMENT
`RESPONSE
`
`:::.
`
`CONNECT (TRAFFIC DATA)
`
`I
`
`I
`FIG. 13
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 8 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25,2014
`
`Sheet 7of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`k/ 201
`
`AT A BASE STATION
`~
`RECEIVE A NETWORK-INITIATED CONNECTION
`ESTABLISHING MESSAGE ASSOCIATED WITH A UNIQUE
`IDENTIFIER OF THE USER EQUIPMENT AND AN
`ALLOCATION OF DEDICATED PHYSICAL
`ACCESS RESOURCE FOR THE USER EQUIPMENT
`+
`SEND THE NETWORK-INITIATED CONNECTION
`ESTABLISHING MESSAGE TOGETHER WITH A
`TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER AND AN INDICATION OF AN
`ALLOCATION OF DEDICATED PHYSICAL ACCESS
`RESOURCE FOR THE USER EQUIPMENT, THE
`TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER BEING DIFFERENT FROM THE
`UNIQUE IDENTIFIER
`+
`RECEIVE AN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT RESPONSE TO THE
`NETWORK- INITIATED CONNECTION ESTABLISHING
`203
`MESSAGE FROM THE USER EQUIPMENT WHEREIN THE l /
`ACKNOWLEDGEMENT RESPONSE IS RECEIVED USING
`THE DEDICATED PHYSICAL ACCESS RESOURCE FOR
`THE USER EQUIPMENT
`
`l / 202
`
`+
`IN RESPONSE TO THE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT RESPONSE,
`ESTABLISH A SHARED CHANNEL CONNECTION BETWEEN
`THE BASE STATION AND THE USER EQUIPMENT,
`WHEREIN THE TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER IDENTIFIES THE
`USER EQUIPMENT ON THE SHARED CHANNEL
`
`l / 204
`
`FIG. 14
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 9 of 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25,2014
`
`Sheet 8of8
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`AT A RESOURCE MANAGER
`
`i
`
`301
`
`,;
`
`SELECT A TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER FOR THE USER EQUIPMENT
`
`!
`
`' 2
`
`PROVIDE THE TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER TO A BASE STATION FOR
`TRANSMISSION BY THE BASE STATION TO THE USER EQUIPMENT
`ALONG WITH A NETWORK-INITIATED CONNECTION ESTABLISHING
`MESSAGE, THE NETWORK-INITIATED CONNECTION ESTABLISHING
`MESSAGE CONVEYING A UNIQUE IDENTIFIER OF THE USER
`EQUIPMENT THAT IS DIFFERENT FROM THE TEMPORARY
`IDENTIFIER AND AN ALLOCATION OF DEDICATED PHYSICAL
`ACCESS RESOURCE FOR THE USER EQUIPMENT, THE
`TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER FOR IDENTIFYING THE USER EQUIPMENT
`DURING SHARED CHANNEL OPERATION BETWEEN THE USER
`EQUIPMENT AND THE BASE STATION
`
`FIG. 15
`
`AT A USER EQUIPMENT
`
`i
`
`401
`~
`
`RECEIVE FROM A BASE STATION A NETWORK-INITIATED
`CONNECTION ESTABLISHING MESSAGE CONVEYING A UNIQUE
`IDENTIFIER OF THE USER EQUIPMENT, A TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER
`WHICH IS DIFFERENT FROM THE UNIQUE IDENTIFIER, AND AN
`INDICATION OF AN ALLOCATION OF DEDICATED PHYSICAL
`RESOURCE FOR THE USER EQUIPMENT
`
`!
`
`SEND AN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT RESPONSE TO THE
`NETWORK-INITIATED CONNECTION ESTABLISHING MESSAGE TO
`THE BASE STATION USING THE ALLOCATION OF DEDICATED
`PHYSICAL ACCESS RESOURCE FOR THE USER EQUIPMENT TO
`ESTABLISH A SHARED CHANNEL CONNECTION BETWEEN THE
`BASE STATION AND THE USER EQUIPMENT, WHEREIN THE
`TEMPORARY IDENTIFIER IDENTIFIES THE USER EQUIPMENT ON
`THE SHARED CHANNEL
`
`FIG. 16
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 10 of 17
`
`

`

`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`1
`PAGING IN A WIRELESS NETWORK
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`The invention generally relates to wireless connnunication
`systems, and more particularly, to establishing connectivity
`in a cellular communication system.
`2. Description of the Related Art
`Wireless connnunication systems support a sleep mode to
`minimize battery power consumption of user equipment
`(UE), such as a mobile terminal. In sleep mode, the mobile
`terminal performs little or no activity, and does not transmit/
`receive traffic data. Therefore, the mobile terminal in sleep
`mode only consumes a small amount of radio link resources, 15
`if any. Consequently, a large number of users can simulta(cid:173)
`neously be supported in the system.
`A mo bile terminal can terminate sleep mode and connect to
`a Radio Access Network (RAN) of base stations (otherwise
`known as "Node B"s according to the 3GPP protocol) in two 20
`ways. If traffic needs to be transmitted from the mobile ter(cid:173)
`minal, the mobile terminal may terminate the sleep mode by
`requesting a connection to the network. This is denoted a
`"mobile terminal initiated (originated) connection." Other(cid:173)
`wise, the network may request the mobile terminal to make a 25
`connection to the network. This is denoted a "network-initi-
`ated connection". The procedure used for waking up the
`mobile terminal from the sleep mode in "network-initiated
`connection" employs paging.
`Paging involves waking up the mobile terminal from the
`sleep state. After waking up, the mobile terminal reads the
`paging message(s) transmitted in a downlink paging channel
`(s). The mobile terminal either connects to the network or
`performs the task instructed by the network via the paging
`message(s ).
`Depending on the amount of activity and connectivity
`involved, the sleep mode can be categorized into two sub(cid:173)
`modes as "idle (standby)" and "dormant". In idle mode, the
`mobile terminal has no connection to the RAN; however, it is
`connected to the core network. In contrast, in the dormant 40
`state the mo bile terminal is connected to the RAN. In order to
`assist mobility in sleep mode, the mobile terminal is regis(cid:173)
`tered in a registration area or "paging zone". The mobile
`terminal informs the network of its location and status in the
`registration process. This enables efficient paging in case of 45
`network-initiated connection establishment. A registration
`area may be defined as a zone (e.g., one or more cells) respec(cid:173)
`tively controlled by a base station (or Node-B) or a plurality
`of base stations (or Node-Bs ). A registration area may be also
`be known as a "routing area", "tracking area", "location 50
`area", or, for Universal Mobile Teleconnnunications Systems
`(UMTS)
`implementing 3G wireless connnunications,
`"UTRAN registration area (URA)".
`The mobile terminal performs a registration whenever the
`"registration area" is changed. In other words, whenever the 55
`cell the mobile terminal is camped on broadcasts a "registra(cid:173)
`tion area" identity which is different from the registration area
`that the mobile terminal previously registered, then the
`mobile terminal should perform a registration update. Here, it
`is assumed each cell broadcasts only one "registration area" 60
`identity. However, the registration area may be defined to
`include overlapping zones. In that case, the cell would broad(cid:173)
`cast multiple registration area IDs.
`In the conventional paging procedure, two signals are used
`to convey the paging message. The first paging signal is used 65
`to indicate whether a paging message is being transmitted to
`a particular UE or group of UEs. The second paging signal
`
`2
`carries the paging message(s) for the particular UE or group
`ofUEs. The second paging signal is transmitted following the
`first paging signal at a fixed time offset from the first paging
`signal.
`The mobile terminal uses Discontinuous Reception (DRX)
`in sleep mode in order to reduce power consumption. When
`DRX is used, the mobile terminal needs to monitor the first
`paging signal only at one paging occasion per DRX cycle.
`The length of the DRX cycle is core network domain specific
`10 and may be updated locally in the mobile terminal using
`information given in system information from the core net(cid:173)
`work.
`The core network usually knows when the mobile terminal
`will be monitoring the first paging signal within DRX cycle.
`Thus, if the network intends to page a particular mobile
`terminal, it sends the first paging signal at the time when the
`mobile terminal will monitor the paging channel. If the
`mo bile terminal does not receive any paging in the first paging
`signal, it goes back to the sleep mode. Otherwise, the mobile
`terminal reads the second paging signal.
`The network may page the mobile terminal to establish a
`network originated call or to trigger reading of updated sys(cid:173)
`tem information. In response to the paging message, the
`mobile may establish a connection with the RAN (if the
`mobile terminal is in an "idle" state), or update the mobile
`terminal location using a cell update procedure (if the mobile
`terminal is in a "dormant" state).
`Upon receipt of the paging response, the RAN knows the
`location of the mobile terminal at the cell level. Thus, the
`30 radio resources can efficiently be allocated to the mobile
`terminal for the call.
`In the conventional system, the connection establishment
`and cell update response to a paging message (network-initi(cid:173)
`ated connection) follow the same procedures as when the
`35 connection establishment/cell update
`is performed
`in
`response to a "terminal initiated connection". In the latter
`case, the establishment cause is not known to the network
`until a connection request message is received by the mobile
`terminal. Therefore, the network can manage the connection
`setup only after receiving the initial connection request from
`the mobile terminal.
`
`BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`In the case of a network-initiated connection, before the
`network pages the mobile terminal it knows the cause for
`connection establishment, and also the terminal context, to
`some extent, because the terminal is connected to the core
`network even when it is in the idle state. Therefore, the infor(cid:173)
`mation known at the network may be used to optimize (speed
`up) connection establishment between the mobile terminal
`and the RAN.
`Embodiments of the present invention provide a network(cid:173)
`initiated connection establishment procedure which uses the
`information known at the network to speed up the connection
`between the mobile terminal and RAN. The invention uses a
`paging procedure to inform the mo bile terminal of a network(cid:173)
`initiated connection. The paging message is designed to sup(cid:173)
`port fast connection establishment over a shared channel.
`Embodiments of the present invention provide a method of
`establishing a network-initiated connection between a mobile
`terminal User Equipment (UE) and a Radio Access Network
`(RAN) in which (1) the network (e.g., an aGW) initiates the
`connection by transmitting a paging message to the Node Bs
`in the UE registered tracking area, and (2) the Node Bs (be(cid:173)
`longing to the tracking area) receive the paging message and
`affix the paging message with a cell-specific radio network
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 11 of 17
`
`

`

`20
`
`3
`temporary identity (c-RNTI) and index( es) to one or a set of
`shared control channels (SCCHs). The c-RNTI and SCCHs
`are selected from the available c-RNTis and SCCHs for the
`cell. The selection of c-RNTI and SCCH may be managed by
`the scheduler atthe Node B, the core network (e.g., the aGW), 5
`or a separate radio resource manager (RRM) server.
`The complete message is broadcast in the cell. The recipi(cid:173)
`ent UE may use the c-RNTI as a temporary cell-specific
`identity, and the SCCH as the associated shared control chan(cid:173)
`nel for shared channel operation. If the message is intended 10
`for the UE then it sends a paging acknowledgement message
`in the uplink. The message may be sent over a contention(cid:173)
`based uplink channel (e.g. RACH) or a dedicated physical
`channel.
`Upon the network's receipt of the paging acknowledgment
`from the UE, a shared channel connection is established
`between the UE and the network. After establishment of the
`shared channel connection, signalling and traffic data is trans(cid:173)
`mitted over scheduled shared channel resources.
`The paging message may be conveyed to the UE using: (1)
`paging indicators mapped onto a paging indicator channel
`(PICH), and the paging message mapped onto separate pag(cid:173)
`ing channels (PCH), (2) paging indicators mapped onto a
`shared control channel (SCCH) and the paging message 25
`mapped onto separate paging channels (PCH); or (3) paging
`indicators mapped onto a shared control channel (SCCH) and
`the paging message mapped onto a downlink shared transport
`channel (SCH).
`The paging acknowledgment message may be transmitted 30
`along with an uplink (UL) synchronization message over a
`contention-based random access channel, or as a separate
`paging acknowledgment message over such a channel.
`The selection of c-RNTI and SCCH (to be attached to the 35
`paging message) may be managed by the Node B. The Node
`B selects an unused c-RNTI and one or a set ofSCCHs, and
`signals these to the UE with the paging message. The paging
`message broadcast in different cells may have different c-RN(cid:173)
`Tis and SCCHs.
`Alternatively, the selection of c-RNTI and SCCH may be
`managed by the aGW or a separate RRM server, in which case
`the c-RNTI and SCCH may be selected as cell-specific so that
`each Node B sends a paging message using different c-RNTis
`and SCCHs. The c-RNTI and SCCH may alternatively be
`tracking-area specific, so that each Node B in the tracking
`area sends paging messages including the same c-RNTI and
`SCCH.
`
`40
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a cellular communication
`system according to embodiments of the invention.
`FIG. 2 illustrates network-initiated connection establish(cid:173)
`ment according to embodiments of the invention.
`FIG. 3 illustrates an example of signaling flow according to
`embodiments of the invention.
`FIG. 4 illustrates the format of a paging signal broadcast in
`a cell according to embodiments of the invention.
`FIG. 5 illustrates the format of a paging signal broadcast in
`a cell according to embodiments of the invention where dedi(cid:173)
`cated access resources are signalled to the UE.
`FIG. 6 illustrates resources available for allocation accord-
`ing to embodiments of the invention.
`FIGS. 7-9 illustrate three different ways in which a paging 65
`message may be mapped according to embodiments of the
`invention.
`
`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`4
`FIG. 10 illustrates the format of a paging acknowledge(cid:173)
`ment including uplink synchronization according to embodi(cid:173)
`ments of the invention.
`FIG. 11 illustrates the paging messages broadcast in dif(cid:173)
`ferent cells having different c-RNTis and SCCHs, according
`to embodiments of the invention.
`FIG. 12 illustrates the paging messages broadcast in dif(cid:173)
`ferent cell having the same c-RNTI and SCCH in all cells
`within a tracking area, according to embodiments of the
`invention.
`FIG. 13 illustrates signalling flow in idle mode according
`to embodiments of the invention.
`FIG. 14 illustrates a flow diagram according to embodi-
`15 ments of the invention.
`FIG. 15 illustrates a flow diagram according to embodi(cid:173)
`ments of the invention.
`FIG. 16 illustrates a flow diagram according to embodi(cid:173)
`ments of the invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`
`Embodiments of the invention enable the RAN to perform
`network-initiated (originated) connection establishment over
`shared transport channels (SCHs ). The SCHs are associated
`with a set of physical Shared Control Channels (SCCHs).
`Specific information required by the UE for correct transmis(cid:173)
`sion/reception over the SCHs is conveyed from RAN to UE
`over the SCCHs. For downlink, this information may specify
`the resources to be used for the downlink transmission, and
`information regarding the formatting of the data to enable its
`correct reception at the UE. For the uplink, the information
`might again specify which transmission resources are to be
`used along with other shared channel grant information
`(power allocation, etc.). In both cases, the terminal to which
`the shared channel grant is directed is identified on the shared
`channel based on a RAN (or cell) Specific Temporary Iden(cid:173)
`tification ( c-RNTI), which is signalled to the UE by the RAN
`within the SCCH itself.
`FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a cellular communication
`system according to embodiments of the invention. The net(cid:173)
`work includes a user equipment (UE) domain, a radio access
`network (RAN) domain, and a core network domain. The UE
`domain includes user equipment 110 that communicate with
`45 at least one base station 112 in the RAN domain via a wireless
`interface. The RAN domain may also include a network con(cid:173)
`troller (e.g., radio network controller) (not shown), such as
`that used in UMTS systems. Alternatively, such funcational(cid:173)
`ity may be distributed between the Node Bs and the aGW or
`50 other controller in the core network. FIG. 1 also illustrates an
`optional radio resource manager (RRM) 114. As described
`below, the RRM may perform functions otherwise performed
`by the Node Bs or aGW in some embodiments.
`The core network (CN) 116 includes, in this example, an
`55 access gateway (aGW) 118, a serving GPRS support node
`(SGSN) 120, and a gateway GPRS support node (GGSN)
`122. The core network is coupled to an external network 124.
`The SGSN 120 is responsible for session control, including
`keeping track of the location of the UEs. The GGSN 122
`60 concentrates and tunnels user data within the core network
`116 to the ultimate destination (e.g., an Internet service pro(cid:173)
`vider) in the external network 124. Further details may be
`found in the 3GPP UMTS technical specifications, such as
`TS23.246 v6.4.0 "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Tech(cid:173)
`nical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Mul(cid:173)
`timedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Architecture
`and Functional Description (Release 6)," published by the
`
`Ex. 1001 / Page 12 of 17
`
`

`

`US 8,682,357 B2
`
`5
`3GPP Support Office, 650 Route des Lucioles-SophiaAnti(cid:173)
`polis, Valbonne-FRANCE, which are incorporated by ref(cid:173)
`erence herein.
`FIG. 2 illustrates network-initiated connection establish-
`ment according to embodiments of the invention. A network 5
`controller (e.g., an access gateway 118 in a core network)
`sends a paging message to the Node Bs 112 in the registration
`area to be broadcast in the cells. Before the paging message is
`broadcast in each cell, the Node B attaches a c-RNTI and
`SCCH index to the message. The c-RNTI and SCCH is 10
`selected from the available c-RNTis and SCCHs in the cell
`and may, in some embodiments, be managed by a scheduler at
`the Node B. The corresponding UE 110 (the UE to which
`paging is indicated) uses this c-RNTI and SCCH index for
`data transmission over shared channels.
`FIG. 3 illustrates an example of signaling flow in an
`embodiment of the network-initiated connection establish(cid:173)
`ment procedure. The network sends a paging message to the
`UE 110 via the Node Bs 112 to initiate a connection. First, the
`core network (or, more particularly in some embodiments, 20
`access gateway 118 within the core network) transmits the
`paging message to the relevant Node Bs in the registration
`area. After receiving the paging message from the core net(cid:173)
`work, each Node B selects a c-RNTI and SCCH index (in one
`embodiment), and forms the paging signal to be broadcast in
`the corresponding cell. Thus the paging signal broadcast in
`the cell includes the paging message (cause, UE identity)
`from the core network, c-RNTI and the SCCH index (see FIG.
`4). The UE identity may be expressed by the international
`mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) or temporary mobile sub(cid:173)
`scriber identity (TMSI), which are known in the 3G standard.
`The recipient UE may use this c-RNTI as the cell-specific
`identity and the SCCH as the associated shared control chan(cid:173)
`nel for the shared charmel operation.
`After decoding the paging message, the UE sends a paging
`acknowledgement message to the Node Bs in the RAN. The
`message may be combined with uplink synchronisation infor(cid:173)
`mation and transmitted over a contention-based uplink chan(cid:173)
`nel (such as a random access channel (RACH)).
`Due to possible UE collision on the contention-based
`uplink channel, the paging acknowledgement message may
`experience some delay. This can be avoided by allocating
`dedicated physical access resources for the transmission of
`the paging response message. If this is used, then the allocated
`physical access resources for the uplink transmission (paging
`response) may be signalled to the UE together with the paging
`message. Thus the paging signal may take the format shown
`in FIG. 5.
`The dedicated access resources may be a subset of
`resources allocated for access charmels (see FIG. 6). How- 50
`ever, these resources may be reserved for allocation by the
`network, in contrast to selection by the UE in a normal con(cid:173)
`tention-based RACH operation. The same message format is
`used for both the RACH channel and the dedicated access
`channel. The information on random access resources
`(RACH channels) is broadcast over a broadcast control chan(cid:173)
`nel (BCCH), whereas the channel information for the dedi(cid:173)
`cated access charmels is not broadcast in the cell. This infor(cid:173)
`mation is transmitted to the UE together with the paging
`signal according to one embodiment of the invention.
`Upon receipt of the paging acknowledgment from the UE,
`a shared channel connection is established between the RAN
`and the UE, and signalling and traffic data will be transmitted
`over scheduled shared channel resources.
`Mapping of Paging Message
`In some embodiments, two-stage paging is employed.
`Referring to FIGS. 7-9, paging signal 1 wakes up a group of
`
`6
`UEs to read the paging message(s), which are transmitted in
`paging signal 2. Three different implementations of two(cid:173)
`stage paging are described herein.
`Implementation 1
`A paging signal 1 is mapped onto a separate physical
`channel, such as a paging indicator channel (PICH). A group
`of UEs wake up and read the PICH charmel at a paging
`occasion calculated based on the DRX cycle and IMSI (used
`herein as an example of a UE identifier known by the core
`network). If a paging indicator is set to true, the UEs corre(cid:173)
`sponding to the paging indicator read the paging message
`transmitted in paging signal 2.
`The paging signal 2 may be mapped to separate paging
`channels (PCH). From the IMSI, the UE may calculate which
`15 paging channel to read, and read the paging message within
`the paging channel carrying the UE's IMSI. The system may
`use one PICH and a set of PCHs to enable paging for multiple
`UEs at a given paging occasion (see FIG. 7).
`Implementation 2
`In another embodiment, the paging signal 1 may be
`mapped onto SCCH. In this case a group ID or an ID specified
`for paging (paging ID) can be used in an ID field of SCCH.
`The paging indicators may be mapped to an SCCH informa(cid:173)
`tion field (FIG. 8). Note that the channel format of SCCH
`25 (used for paging signal 1) is different from that used in the
`"normal" shared charmel operation.
`The paging signal 2 is transmitted over the paging channel
`(PCH). In this case, the UEs wake up from sleep mode as
`defined by the DRX cycle and IMSI, and read the SCCH for
`30 paging indicators. The location of a paging indicator within a
`paging signal 1 may be calculated based on the IMSI. If only
`one SCCH is used for paging indicators, a predefined paging
`ID may be used to inform the UE that paging signal 1 is a
`paging indicator-specific message. Otherwise, several SCCH
`35 may be used.
`The UE corresponding to the same paging occasion may be
`assigned to a group, and each group is assigned a group ID.
`The user group ID may be located in the identity field in
`SCCH. The UEs belonging to the user group defined by the
`40 user group ID read the SCCH corresponding to the UEs' user
`group for their paging indicators. If the corresponding paging
`indicator is set to true, then the UE reads the paging signal 2,
`which is transmitted over the PCH and defined by the UE's
`IMSI. From the IMSI, the UE calculates which paging chan-
`45 nel to read, and reads the paging message within the pa