`
`Paper No.1
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`QUALCOMM INC. AND QUALCOMM TECHNOLOGIES,
`INC.,
`
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`TITLE: HARDWARE AUTOMATIC PERFORMANCESTATE
`TRANSITIONS IN SYSTEM ON PROCESSOR SLEEP AND
`WAKE EVENTS
`
`Petitioners
`
`Vv.
`
`APPLEINC.,
`
`Patent Owner
`
`U.S. PATENT NO.8,443,216
`
`Issue Date: May 14, 2013
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`UNDER35 U.S.C.§ 312
`
`ÿ
`
`1
`
`APPLE 2004
`QUALCOMMV. APPLE
`IPR2019-00325
`
`1
`
`APPLE 2004
`QUALCOMM V. APPLE
`IPR2019-00325
`
`
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
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`Page
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`Tmtroduction ..........cccccccssccssessessecssesseeseessesseeseeeseseessesseesaesseesaesneesaeseseaesseseaeeaesagees 1
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`Il.
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`Mandatory Notices...........ccccsccsccssssssesssesssscessesscesesssecsesaessesseessesseeesessuseseeesesanseaes 1
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`A.
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`Real Party in Interest (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(D)(1)) w..ceee eee eeceeeseeeeeeeeeees l
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`B.—Related Matters (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2)) ......cccccceccseceesssceeesseceessseeeeees l
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`C.
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`Lead and Back-Up Counsel and Service Information (37 C.F.R.
`§ 42.8(b)(3) and (D)(4)) occ ceeeeeeeeeeeseceeeeseeeeeeeeseeseeeeeeeaeeeaeeeaeeess 2
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`D.—Fees (37 C.F.R. § 42.103) woeccccecccecesssessseeeeeeeeeeseeeseeeeaeeeseeeseeeeeeeeeees 2
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`IIL.
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`IV.
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`Grounds for Standing Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 104(a).........cccscssecseesesseeseeeeees 3
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`Statement of Precise Relief Requested for Each Challenged Claim................. 3
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`A.
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`B.
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` 37C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(1): Claims for Which Review Is
`Requested ........ccccceccssesceessscceesscceesssecsessececesseecessscecesseeecesesceeseeeeensaeeees 3
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`37C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(2): Statutory Grounds and Prior Art on
`Whichthe Challenge is Based... eeesccesecesseeeeneeeeseeeeneeeeseeseeeensees 3
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`Reasonsfor the Relief Requested Under 37 C.F.R. §§ 42.22(a)(2) and
`A2.104(D)(4).... ee eeesecessessescecescesceseeseesceseeseeseeseeseeseeseeseeseeaeeseeseeseesessceaeeseeseeseeaees 5
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`A.
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`Overview of the ’216 Patent and its Technology ..........ccceecseeeseeeeeeee 5
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`B.—The Prosecution History of the *812 Patent to Which the ’216
`Patent Claims Priority .........cccccecesseeeseeeeseeeeseeeeeeeeseeeeeeseeeesseeeneeeeensees 9
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`C.
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`D.
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`E.
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`F.
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`G.
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`The Prosecution History of the °216 Patent 0.0... eee: 11
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`37C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(3): Claim Construction... ec eeeeeseeeeeeeeeeees 1]
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`1.
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`2.
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`A Person of Ordinary Skill in the Art... eee eeeeeeeees 11
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`Construction of Claim Terms.............ccccccssccssssesssecssssessseeesanens 11
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`Overview of the Prior Arta... ceceeseeccesesseeeeceessseeeeeesesseeeeeeesesneeees 14
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(4): How the Construed Claimsare
`Unpatentable............cccccccecccessscecessseccesseeceeseseceeseeececsueceessueesesaeeeesneeees 24
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` 37C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(5): Supporting Evidence ......... ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee 24
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`Claims 1—3, 6, 8-10, and 13 of the ’216 Patent Are Unpatentable................ 25
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`A.—Ground 1: Claims 1—3, 6, 8—10, and 13 are Anticipated by
`Mandelblat.......... cece ececssecesssecceessceeseseeeesesneceecsaeeseeseeeeesneeeeesaeeseenaeees 27
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`-j-
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`2
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`ÿ
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
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`Page
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`1.=Independent Claim 1 ooo... cee ccccsscesssecesseeeseeeseecsseeessaeeeseees 27
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`6.-_Dependent Claim 9 0.0.0... ccc cccscesssesssscesesecssseeeseecssnesssaeeesaees40
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
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`Dependent Claim 2.0... cccscccssecssceeseecssseesseeeeseeecsseeseaneeeses 37
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`Dependent Claim 3 oo... cccccecssecssssessecesesecseeesseecsseeesseeeeses 38
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`Dependent Claim 6 ........ ccc cccccccssesssscesseecsseeesseeeeseeessseeseaneeenes 39
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`Independent Claim 8 ..............cccccssecssscesseecesseesseeeeseeeeseeesaneeeses40
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`7.
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`8.
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`Dependent Claim 10 .........c ccc ceccscccssscessecssseesseeceseeessseeesnnesenes41
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`Dependent Claim 13 ooo... cee ccccccsssecssecessecssseeeeecsseeesseeeesaees41
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`Ground 2: Claims 1-3, 6, 8-10, and 13 are Rendered Obvious
`by Mandelblat in View of Kurts .0........cccceccceessceeseeesseeeeseeeeeeeeeteeeeeees 4]
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`Ground 3: Claims 1—3, 6, 8-10, and 13 Are Rendered Obvious
`by Kurts in view Of Kang ..........ccccceessesceceeeesseeeeeeesssaceecesesseeeeeeeseeaees 56
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`6.-_Dependent Claim 9 0.0.0... ccc cccscesssesssscesesecssseeeseecssnesssaeeesaees 56
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`2.
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`5.
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`Dependent Claim 2.0... cccscccssecssceeseecssseesseeeeseeecsseeseaneeeses 53
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`Dependent Claim 3 oo... cccccecssecssssessecesesecseeesseecsseeesseeeeses 54
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`7.
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`8.
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`Dependent Claim 10 .........c ccc ceccscccssscessecssseesseeceseeessseeesnnesenes 56
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`Dependent Claim 13 ooo... cee ccccccsssecssecessecssseeeeecsseeesseeeesaees 56
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`1.=Independent Claim 1 ooo... ccc ccecccceessseceseeessecesseecsseeesaeeesaees 59
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`6.-_Dependent Claim 9 0.0.0... ceccccsccesssesssecesssecseeeeeecssnesssaeeeseees 67
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
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`Dependent Claim 2.0... cccscccssecssceeseecssseesseeeeseeecsseeseaneeeses 64
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`Dependent Claim 3 oo... cccccecssecssssessecesesecseeesseecsseeesseeeeses 65
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`Dependent Claim 6 ........ ccc cccccccssesssscesseecsseeesseeeeseeessseeseaneeenes 66
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`Independent Claim 8 ..............cccccssesssscesseeseseeesseeeeseeesseeesanecsaes 66
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`7.
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`Dependent Claim 10 .........c..cccccscccssscessecssseesseeeeseeessseeesneesaes 67
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`-ii-
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`3
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
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`Page
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`VIL.
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`ÿ
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`-ii-
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`4
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`L
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`Introduction
`
`Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 312 and 37 C.F.R. § 42.100 et seg., Qualcomm Inc.
`
`and Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
`
`(collectively, “Petitioners” or “Qualcomm’’)
`
`No. 8,443,216 (‘the ’216 Patent,” Ex. 1001), which is assigned to Apple,Inc. (“Patent
`
`Owner”or “Apple”’). Because the Challenged Claims are unpatentable overthe prior
`
`art, inter partes review should be instituted, and the Challenged Claims should be
`
`cancelled.
`
`II. Mandatory Notices
`
`request interpartes review ofclaims8 and 9 (the “Challenged Claims”) ofU.S. Patent
`
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`A.
`
`Real Party in Interest (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1))
`
`Qualcomm Inc. and Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. are the real parties-in-
`
`interest.
`
`B.
`
`Related Matters (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2))
`
`The ’216 Patent and its Related Patents (U.S. Pat. No. 8,271,812, the parent
`
`from which the ’216 Patent issued as a continuation, and its child U.S. Patent No.
`
`8,656,196, which is a continuation of the ’216 Patent) are involved in the following
`
`pendinglitigation that may affect, or be affected by, a decision in this proceeding:
`
`Qualcomm Inc. v. Apple Inc., Case No. 3:17-cv-1375 (S.D. Cal.) ¢° 1375 Case”).
`
`Petitioners are filing IPR petitions directed to the Related Patents (U.S. Pat.
`
`Nos. 8,271,812 and 8,656,196) concurrently with the filing of this petition.
`
`5
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`6
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`ÿ ÿ
`
`IV.
`
`Statement of Precise Relief Requested for Each Challenged Claim
`
`A.
`
`37(C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(1): Claims for Which Review Is Requested
`
`Petitioners request review and cancellation of claims 1—3, 6, 8-10, and 13 of
`
`the ’216 Patent (the “Challenged Claims”).
`
`B.
`
`Petitioners request interpartes review ofthe Challenged Claims on the grounds
`
`set forth below and request that each of the Challenged Claims be found unpatentable
`
`and cancelled. An explanation of how the Challenged Claims are unpatentable is
`
`ref: 178774-680003. Eight claims are being reviewed, so $15,000 in post institution
`
`fees are due for a total of $30,500.
`
`III. Grounds for Standing Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 104(a)
`
`Petitioners certify that the ’216 Patent is available for inter partes review, and
`
`that Petitioners are not barred or estopped from requesting inter partes review ofthe
`
`Challenged Claims on the groundsidentified in this Petition. Apple filed and served
`
`its first amended answer and counterclaims in the ’1375 Case, first asserting
`
`infringementof the ’216 Patent by Petitioners, on November29, 2017.
`
`’1375 Case,
`
`ECF No. 97. This petition is being filed within one year of service of Apple’s first
`
`amended answer and counterclaims, and shortly after the District Court issued a claim
`
`construction order adopting certain of Apple’s positions regarding the breadth of the
`
`°216 Patent’s claims.
`
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`37(C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(2): Statutory Grounds and Prior Art on
`Which the Challenge is Based
`
`7
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`
`
`ÿ ÿ
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`providedin the form of the detailed description that follows, indicating where each of
`
`the claim elements can be found in the prior art. Additional explanation and support
`
`for each ground ofrejection is set forth in Ex. 1002 (Declaration ofVijay K. Madisetti,
`
`Ph.D.), referenced throughoutthis Petition.
`
`
`Basis for Rejection
`216 Patent Claims
`Ground
`
`Ground 1 1-3, 6, 8-10, and 13|35 U.S.C. § 102 based on U.S. Patent Pub. No.
`USPatent Pub. No. 2007/0043965 to
`Mandelblat (“Mandelblat”’
`
`of U.S. Patent No. 7,363,523 (“Kurts”
`35 U.S.C. § 103(a) based on Kurts1in view of
`U.S. Patent No. 7,369,815
`
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`The ’216 Patent issued May 14, 2013 from the ’217 Application, which claimed
`
`priority to the application filed on April 7, 2010 that matured into U.S. Patent No.
`
`8,271,812. Accordingly, the earliest date to which the ’216 Patent could claim priority
`
`(hereinafter the “earliest effective filing date”) is April 7, 2010.
`
`Mandelblat was filed August 22, 2005, published February 22, 2007, and is
`
`prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. §§ 102(a), (b), and (e).
`
`Kurts wasfiled August 31, 2004, issued April 22, 2008, and is prior art under
`
`pre-AIJA 35 U.S.C. §§ 102(a), (b), and(e).
`
`Kang was filed February 24, 2004 and issued May 6, 2008, and is prior art
`
`under 35 U.S.C. § 102(a), (b), and (e).
`
`8
`
`
`
`ÿ ÿ
`
`V.
`
`Reasons for the Relief Requested Under 37 C.F.R. §§ 42.22(a)(2) and
`42.104(b)(4)
`
`A.
`
`Overview of the ’216 Patent and its Technology
`
`The ’216 Patent
`
`is related to transitioning the performance states of
`
`performance domainsand their componentsin responseto a processor’s going to sleep
`
`or waking up.
`
`Jd. at Abstract, 1:37-62. Power managementis performed using a
`
`programmable power managementunit (“PMU”).
`
`Figure 1, reproduced below, discloses “an integrated circuit (IC) 10” that
`
`includes performance domains. Jd. at 3:34-38.
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`Graphics 20
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`Fig.
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`In Figure 1, “[t]he integrated circuit 10 includes a set of performance domains
`
`14A-14F. Each performance domain 14A-14F includes at least one componentofthe
`
`integrated circuit 10, and a given performance domain may include more than one
`
`component.” Jd. 3:37—-41. Further, as shown, certain performance domains may have
`
`specific functionality and associated components. Jd. at 3:45—52.
`
`“The integrated circuit 10 also includes a power management unit (PMU)
`
`28....” Ex. 1001, 3:52-53. “The PMU 28 maybe configured to control transitions
`
`between performancestates for the various performance domains 14A-14F.” Jd. at
`
`4:1-3. The PMU 28 maytransition the performance states of one or more of the
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`performance domains 14A-14F in response to a processor either “entering a sleep
`
`state” and going to sleep, or “exiting the sleep state” and “waking” up. Jd. at 4:2—
`
`4:12. “In one embodiment, the PMU 28 may detect that the processor 16A-16B is
`
`entering/exiting the sleep state, and may cause corresponding transitions in the
`
`performance domains.” Ex. 1001, 5:52—54.
`
`“A performance domain may be one or more components that may be
`
`controlled by the PMU 28as a unit for performance configuration purposes.” Ex.
`
`1001, 4:19-21.
`
`“[T]he PMU 28 may be configured to establish a corresponding
`
`performance state for each performance domain.”
`
`Ex. 1001, 4:21-23.
`
`“The
`
`performancestate may include any combination ofperformance characteristics for the
`
`components in a corresponding performance domain.”
`
`Jd. at 4:36-38.
`
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`at 4:45—-47.
`
`The PMU mayinclude “one or more performance configuration registers 30.”
`
`Ex. 1001, 3:53—54, Fig. 1 (PMU 28 including “Perf Config”registers). These registers
`
`specify the performance states of different performance domains based upon the
`
`“awake” and “sleep” states of a processor. “For example, performance states to be
`
`be specified in the performance configuration registers 30. Performancestates to be
`
`used when the processor 16A—16B exits the sleep state (awakens) may also be
`
`specified” Ex. 1001, 5:57-62. One embodiment of the PMU’s performance
`
`configuration registers is shown in Figure 2. See Ex. 1001, 7:43-9:29. In Figure 2,
`
`performance characteristic may be any configurable setting for a component that
`
`affects the performance of that component.”
`
`Jd. at 4:38-40. For example, a
`
`component’s clock frequency or supply voltage level may be a performance
`
`characteristic of that component.
`
`Jd. at 4:40-42. When the clock frequency or
`
`operating voltage is changed, power consumption and the performancestate of the
`
`domain also changes.
`
`Jd. at 5:14. “In the case of voltage and clock frequency
`
`changes, the PMU 28 may communicate the newsettings to the clock/voltage control
`
`unit 32.” Id. at 5:64-66. The ’216 Patent discloses other characteristics that qualify
`
`as a performance characteristic, id. at 4:40—67, 5:3-5:23, including memory size. Jd.
`
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`used in the performance domains 14A—14F whenthe processoris in sleep state may
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`“t]he register set 30B may include a configuration for each performance domain, and
`
`for the sleep state and the wakestate.” Ex. 1001, 7:46—48.
`
`Figure 3 is “a flowchart... illustrating operation of one embodiment of the
`
`PMU 28andthe clock/voltage control unit 32 to manage performancestate transitions
`
`in performance domains when a processoris entering or exiting a sleep state.” Ex.
`
`1001, 9:30-34. As shown, when “[t]he PMU 28 .. . detect[s] that the processoris
`
`entering (or is about to enter) the sleep state” (block 40), it will “load the sleep
`
`performancestate for each performance domain from the performance configuration
`
`“transition .
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`
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`
`to exit the sleep state)’ (block 48), after which it will “load the wake performance
`
`state for each performance domain from the performance configuration registers 30
`
`(block 50).”
`
`Ex. 1001, 10:18-25.
`
`Those performance domains will
`
`then
`
`“transition... to the new performance states (block 52).” Ex. 1001, 10:28-30.
`
`Applying wake and sleep state performance characteristic values (e.g., voltage,
`
`frequency, memory size) based on whethera processor is awake or asleep was known
`
`registers 30 (block 42).” Jd. at 9:44-53. Those performance domains will then
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`in April 2010. Ex. 1002, 4 58.
`
`Each of the above features was known in the art as of April 2010, the priority
`
`date of the ’216 Patent. See Ex. 1002, 9] 54-58.
`
`12
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`B.
`
`Asfiled, Application No. 12/756,006 (“the ’006 Application’’) included claims
`
`1—20. Independent claim 12 (eventually issued as claim 8) recited an “apparatus”
`
`comprising:“a plurality of components, each componentincludedin oneofa plurality
`
`of performance domains”; and “a power management unit configured to establish a
`
`performancestate in each ofthe plurality of performance domains,” and “configured
`
`to transition at least a first performance domain ...
`
`to a first performancestate
`
`programmed into the power management unit responsive to a processortransitioning
`
`to a different performancestate.” Ex. 1007, p. 39. Dependent claim 14 depended
`
`from original claim 12, and further recited that “the power management unit is
`
`configuredto transition each ofthe performance domainsinto a respective powerstate
`
`programmed into the power management unit
`
`responsive to the processor
`
`transitioning to the different performance state.” Jd. at 40. Dependent claim 15
`
`depended from claim 12, and recited that “the different performance state comprises
`
`a wakeupstate, wherein the processoris transitioning fromasleep state.” Jd. at 40.
`
`The Prosecution History of the ’812 Patent to Which the ’216
`Patent Claims Priority
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`Dependent claim 16 depended from claim 15, and further recited that “the



