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`Canadian Intellectual Property Office
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`Home > Canadian Patent Database > Help: General Content > Help: Bibliographic Data
`Help: Bibliographic and Text Data Fields
`Help: Bibliographic and Text Data Fields
`Help: Bibliographic and Text Data Fields
`agreed Number for the Identification ofThe number in front of the field (if there is one) is called the International The number in front of the field (if there is one) is called the International agreed Number for the Identification of
`
`
`The number in front of the field (if there is one) is called the International agreed Number for the Identification of
`INID codes are international standards that identify the type of element in(bibliographic) Data code (INID code). (bibliographic) Data code (INID code). INID codes are international standards that identify the type of element in
`
`
`(bibliographic) Data code (INID code). INID codes are international standards that identify the type of element in
`a a patent document. These codes are the same for patent documents around the world.patent document. These codes are the same for patent documents around the world.
`
`a patent document. These codes are the same for patent documents around the world.
`Patents Database and areThe following bibliographic and text data fields are stored on the CIPO Canadian The following bibliographic and text data fields are stored on the CIPO Canadian Patents Database and are
`
`
`The following bibliographic and text data fields are stored on the CIPO Canadian Patents Database and are
`displayed on request:
`displayed on request:
`displayed on request:
`Table of Contents
`Table of Contents
`Table of Contents
`Document Type
`Document Type
`• Document Type
`Document Number
`Document Number
`• Document Number
`Application Number
`Application Number
`• Application Number
`English/French Titles
`English/French Titles
`• English/French Titles
`Inventors (Country)
`Inventors (Country)
`• Inventors (Country)
`Owners (Country)
`Owners (Country)
`• Owners (Country)
`Applicants (Country)
`Applicants (Country)
`• Applicants (Country)
`Agent
`Agent
`• Agent
`Issued
`Issued
`• Issued
`Reissued
`Reissued
`• Reissued
`FiledFiled
`• Filed
`Open to Public Inspection Date
`Open to Public Inspection Date
`• Open to Public Inspection Date
`Examination Requested
`Examination Requested
`• Examination Requested
`Re-examination Certificate
`Re-examination Certificate
`• Re-examination Certificate
`Canadian Patent Classification (CPC)
`Canadian Patent Classification (CPC)
`• Canadian Patent Classification (CPC)
`International Patent Classification (IPC)
`International Patent Classification (IPC)
`• International Patent Classification (IPC)
`Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
`Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
`• Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
`Application Priority Data
`Application Priority Data
`• Application Priority Data
`Availability of Licence
`Availability of Licence
`• Availability of Licence
`Language of Filing
`Language of Filing
`• Language of Filing
`Abstract
`Abstract
`• Abstract
`Court Order
`Court Order
`• Court Order
`Representative Drawing
`Representative Drawing
`• Representative Drawing
`Claims
`Claims
`• Claims
`Collapse allExpand allExpand all Collapse all
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`Expand all Collapse all
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`(12) Document Type
`(12) Document Type
`. (12) Document Type
`The type of document could be a patent or a patent application.
`The type of document could be a patent or a patent application.
`The type of document could be a patent or a patent application.
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`(11) Document Number
`(11) Document Number
`. (11) Document Number
` came into effect. Therefore:On October 1, 1989, a new On October 1, 1989, a new Patent ActPatent Act came into effect. Therefore:
`
`
`
`On October 1, 1989, a new Patent Act came into effect. Therefore:
`1. For patents that were originally filed before October 1, 1989, the document number is the patent numberFor patents that were originally filed before October 1, 1989, the document number is the patent number
`
`1. For patents that were originally filed before October 1, 1989, the document number is the patent number
`application number is different. In this case, the document will display the application numberand the and the application number is different. In this case, the document will display the application number
`
`
`and the application number is different. In this case, the document will display the application number
`distinctly.
`distinctly.
`distinctly.
`2. For applications filed on or after October 1, 1989, the document number will be 2,000,000 or greater andFor applications filed on or after October 1, 1989, the document number will be 2,000,000 or greater and
`
`2. For applications filed on or after October 1, 1989, the document number will be 2,000,000 or greater and
`same as the application and patent numbers.will be the will be the same as the application and patent numbers.
`
`
`will be the same as the application and patent numbers.
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`(21) Application Number
`(21) Application Number
`. (21) Application Number
`after October 1,The number assigned to an application when it is filed at CIPO. The number assigned to an application when it is filed at CIPO. For an application filed on or For an application filed on or after October 1,
`
`
`
`The number assigned to an application when it is filed at CIPO. For an application filed on or after October 1,
`same. Thus, the application1989, the number assigned to the application, the patent and the document is the 1989, the number assigned to the application, the patent and the document is the same. Thus, the application
`
`
`1989, the number assigned to the application, the patent and the document is the same. Thus, the application
`October 1, 1989.number for an application is displayed only for those filed prior to number for an application is displayed only for those filed prior to October 1, 1989.
`
`
`number for an application is displayed only for those filed prior to October 1, 1989.
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`(54) English/French Titles
`(54) English/French Titles
`. (54) English/French Titles
`documents on thisThe name of the invention as provided by the applicant, or as translated by CIPO. All patent The name of the invention as provided by the applicant, or as translated by CIPO. All patent documents on this
`
`
`The name of the invention as provided by the applicant, or as translated by CIPO. All patent documents on this
`only the filed version title issite have both English and French titles, except between 1960 and 1978, where site have both English and French titles, except between 1960 and 1978, where only the filed version title is
`
`
`site have both English and French titles, except between 1960 and 1978, where only the filed version title is
`available.
`available.
`available.
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`(72) Inventors (Country)
`(72) Inventors (Country)
`. (72) Inventors (Country)
`The INVENTORS (Country) field is composed of the names of each person who had a part in making the
`The INVENTORS (Country) field is composed of the names of each person who had a part in making the
`The INVENTORS (Country) field is composed of the names of each person who had a part in making the
`It also contains the country of origin of each inventor.invention. invention. It also contains the country of origin of each inventor.
`
`
`invention. It also contains the country of origin of each inventor.
`reflect theThe Canadian Patents Database displays the complete list of the inventors but does not necessarily The Canadian Patents Database displays the complete list of the inventors but does not necessarily reflect the
`
`
`The Canadian Patents Database displays the complete list of the inventors but does not necessarily reflect the
`image section of the coversequence order provided in the petition. The inventors' sequence order provided in the sequence order provided in the petition. The inventors' sequence order provided in the image section of the cover
`
`
`sequence order provided in the petition. The inventors' sequence order provided in the image section of the cover
`page reflects the order contained in the petition.
`page reflects the order contained in the petition.
`page reflects the order contained in the petition.
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`(73) Owners (Country)
`(73) Owners (Country)
`. (73) Owners (Country)
`registered atOn or after October 1, 1989, the OWNERS field is composed of the name of the latest owner(s) On or after October 1, 1989, the OWNERS field is composed of the name of the latest owner(s) registered at
`
`
`On or after October 1, 1989, the OWNERS field is composed of the name of the latest owner(s) registered at
`CIPO. It also includes the country of origin of each owner.
`CIPO. It also includes the country of origin of each owner.
`CIPO. It also includes the country of origin of each owner.
`Prior to August 15, 1978, the OWNERS field is composed of the name of the grantee owner(s).
`Prior to August 15, 1978, the OWNERS field is composed of the name of the grantee owner(s).
`Prior to August 15, 1978, the OWNERS field is composed of the name of the grantee owner(s).
`is composedDuring a transition stage, which is between August 15, 1978 to October 1, 1989, the OWNERS field During a transition stage, which is between August 15, 1978 to October 1, 1989, the OWNERS field is composed
`
`
`During a transition stage, which is between August 15, 1978 to October 1, 1989, the OWNERS field is composed
`October 1, 1989, the name ofby default of the grantee owner(s); however, if a new assignment occurred after by default of the grantee owner(s); however, if a new assignment occurred after October 1, 1989, the name of
`
`
`by default of the grantee owner(s); however, if a new assignment occurred after October 1, 1989, the name of
`the latest owner(s) will appear.
`the latest owner(s) will appear.
`the latest owner(s) will appear.
`cover page.Note: For the patent issued, the grantee owner(s) is always displayed in the image section of the Note: For the patent issued, the grantee owner(s) is always displayed in the image section of the cover page.
`
`
`Note: For the patent issued, the grantee owner(s) is always displayed in the image section of the cover page.
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`(71) Applicants (Country)
`(71) Applicants (Country)
`. (71) Applicants (Country)
`application was filed atThe APPLICANTS (Country) field is composed of the name of the applicants at the time the The APPLICANTS (Country) field is composed of the name of the applicants at the time the application was filed at
`
`
`The APPLICANTS (Country) field is composed of the name of the applicants at the time the application was filed at
`CIPO. It also includes the country of origin of each applicant.
`CIPO. It also includes the country of origin of each applicant.
`CIPO. It also includes the country of origin of each applicant.
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`(74) Agent
`(74) Agent
`. (74) Agent
`Patent Office.The name of the patent agent or patent agent company that represented the owner in front of the The name of the patent agent or patent agent company that represented the owner in front of the Patent Office.
`
`
`The name of the patent agent or patent agent company that represented the owner in front of the Patent Office.
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`(45) Issued
`(45) Issued
`. (45) Issued
`The date an application becomes a patent.
`The date an application becomes a patent.
`The date an application becomes a patent.
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`Reissued
`Reissued
`. Reissued
`For patents thatThe date that the patent was reissued after the original patent was surrendered by the patentee. The date that the patent was reissued after the original patent was surrendered by the patentee. For patents that
`
`
`The date that the patent was reissued after the original patent was surrendered by the patentee. For patents that
`For patents that werewere filed on or after October 1,1989, the number remains the same as the were filed on or after October 1,1989, the number remains the same as the original patent. original patent. For patents that were
`
`
`
`were filed on or after October 1,1989, the number remains the same as the original patent. For patents that were
`new number. In both cases the term of the patent remainsfiled before October 1,1989, the patent reissues with a filed before October 1,1989, the patent reissues with a new number. In both cases the term of the patent remains
`
`
`filed before October 1,1989, the patent reissues with a new number. In both cases the term of the patent remains
`the same as the original patent.
`the same as the original patent.
`the same as the original patent.
`believed to be aA reissue can occur occasionally and under strict conditions, when a patentee surrenders what is A reissue can occur occasionally and under strict conditions, when a patentee surrenders what is believed to be a
`
`
`A reissue can occur occasionally and under strict conditions, when a patentee surrenders what is believed to be a
`surrendered patent undergoes furtherdefective patent to the Patent Office in order to have the defect fixed. The defective patent to the Patent Office in order to have the defect fixed. The surrendered patent undergoes further
`
`
`defective patent to the Patent Office in order to have the defect fixed. The surrendered patent undergoes further
`examination and may subsequently be re-allowed and reissued.
`examination and may subsequently be re-allowed and reissued.
`examination and may subsequently be re-allowed and reissued.
`only the lastOn extremely rare occasions a patent document may have multiple reissued dates. This site displays On extremely rare occasions a patent document may have multiple reissued dates. This site displays only the last
`
`
`On extremely rare occasions a patent document may have multiple reissued dates. This site displays only the last
`the cover page image of thereissue date. In order to determine if the patent has been reissued more than once, reissue date. In order to determine if the patent has been reissued more than once, the cover page image of the
`
`
`reissue date. In order to determine if the patent has been reissued more than once, the cover page image of the
`patent must be accessed.
`patent must be accessed.
`patent must be accessed.
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`(22) Filed
`(22) Filed
`. (22) Filed
`same date as the PCTThe date the patent application was filed. If it is PCT originating application, then it is the The date the patent application was filed. If it is PCT originating application, then it is the same date as the PCT
`
`
`The date the patent application was filed. If it is PCT originating application, then it is the same date as the PCT
`filing date.
`filing date.
`filing date.
`the date recorded asOn this site, for divisional patents, where the application was filed before October 1, 1989, On this site, for divisional patents, where the application was filed before October 1, 1989, the date recorded as
`
`
`On this site, for divisional patents, where the application was filed before October 1, 1989, the date recorded as
`rather then the legal filing date of thethe filing date may be the date the divisional application was received, the filing date may be the date the divisional application was received, rather then the legal filing date of the
`
`
`the filing date may be the date the divisional application was received, rather then the legal filing date of the
`parent application.
`parent application.
`parent application.
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`(41) Open to Public Inspection
`(41) Open to Public Inspection
`. (41) Open to Public Inspection
`Patent applications filed since October 1, 1989, are open to public inspection.
`Patent applications filed since October 1, 1989, are open to public inspection.
`Patent applications filed since October 1, 1989, are open to public inspection.
`the priority date,Applications filed on or after October 1, 1989, are made available to the public 18 months after Applications filed on or after October 1, 1989, are made available to the public 18 months after the priority date,
`
`
`Applications filed on or after October 1, 1989, are made available to the public 18 months after the priority date,
`applicant has requested an earlier open toor, if there is no priority, 18 months after the filed date, unless the or, if there is no priority, 18 months after the filed date, unless the applicant has requested an earlier open to
`
`
`or, if there is no priority, 18 months after the filed date, unless the applicant has requested an earlier open to
`public inspection date.
`public inspection date.
`public inspection date.
`the same as the (87)If the application is PCT originating, then the open to public inspection date will normally be If the application is PCT originating, then the open to public inspection date will normally be the same as the (87)
`
`
`If the application is PCT originating, then the open to public inspection date will normally be the same as the (87)
`PCT publication date.
`PCT publication date.
`PCT publication date.
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`Examination Requested
`Examination Requested
`. Examination Requested
`applications filed onThe date on which a request was made to have an application examined. This applies only to The date on which a request was made to have an application examined. This applies only to applications filed on
`
`
`The date on which a request was made to have an application examined. This applies only to applications filed on
`1996, the request must be made within 5or after October 1, 1989. For applications filed on or after October 1, or after October 1, 1989. For applications filed on or after October 1, 1996, the request must be made within 5
`
`
`or after October 1, 1989. For applications filed on or after October 1, 1996, the request must be made within 5
`applications filed between October 1, 1989 and September 30,years from the filed date of the application. For years from the filed date of the application. For applications filed between October 1, 1989 and September 30,
`
`
`years from the filed date of the application. For applications filed between October 1, 1989 and September 30,
`within 7 years from the filing date of the application.1996, the request must be made 1996, the request must be made within 7 years from the filing date of the application.
`
`
`1996, the request must be made within 7 years from the filing date of the application.
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`Re-examination Certificate
`Re-examination Certificate
`. Re-examination Certificate
`The date that a re-examination certificate has been issued for a patent, with changes to the patent as originally
`The date that a re-examination certificate has been issued for a patent, with changes to the patent as originally
`The date that a re-examination certificate has been issued for a patent, with changes to the patent as originally
`issued.
`issued.
`issued.
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`(52) Canadian Patent Classification (CPC)
`(52) Canadian Patent Classification (CPC)
`. (52) Canadian Patent Classification (CPC)
`
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`assigned a mainThe system used by Canada prior to October 1989 to classify inventions. Each application is The system used by Canada prior to October 1989 to classify inventions. Each application is assigned a main
`
`
`The system used by Canada prior to October 1989 to classify inventions. Each application is assigned a main
`The classification will be in the(primary) classification and can also be assigned multiple secondary classifications. (primary) classification and can also be assigned multiple secondary classifications. The classification will be in the
`
`
`(primary) classification and can also be assigned multiple secondary classifications. The classification will be in the
`format:
`format:
`format:
`###/###.###
`###/###.###
`###/###.###
`eg. 20/230 : 20 is the class, 230 is the subclass
`eg. 20/230 : 20 is the class, 230 is the subclass
`eg. 20/230 : 20 is the class, 230 is the subclass
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`(51) International Patent Classification (IPC)
`(51) International Patent Classification (IPC)
`. (51) International Patent Classification (IPC)
`Canada sinceThe system used by the international community to classify inventions by type. It has been used in The system used by the international community to classify inventions by type. It has been used in Canada since
`
`
`The system used by the international community to classify inventions by type. It has been used in Canada since
`Classification (IPC-2006) whichAugust 15, 1978. CIPO adopts the most recent version of the International Patent August 15, 1978. CIPO adopts the most recent version of the International Patent Classification (IPC-2006) which
`
`
`August 15, 1978. CIPO adopts the most recent version of the International Patent Classification (IPC-2006) which
`
`can be consulted on the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Web Site.
` Web Site.
`can be consulted on the
`can be consulted on the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Web Site.
`ClassificationsThe following example shows how the "advanced" level of IPC-2006 classification symbols appear. The following example shows how the "advanced" level of IPC-2006 classification symbols appear. Classifications
`
`
`The following example shows how the "advanced" level of IPC-2006 classification symbols appear. Classifications
`information appear in bold and italic.are followed by the "version" date in brackets. Classifications with inventive are followed by the "version" date in brackets. Classifications with inventive information appear in bold and italic.
`
`
`are followed by the "version" date in brackets. Classifications with inventive information appear in bold and italic.
`information appear in normal italic. Only the classification isClassifications with additional useful non-inventive Classifications with additional useful non-inventive information appear in normal italic. Only the classification is
`
`
`Classifications with additional useful non-inventive information appear in normal italic. Only the classification is
`Patents Database.searchable on the Canadian searchable on the Canadian Patents Database.
`
`
`searchable on the Canadian Patents Database.
`Table showing examples of advanced level of IPC-2006 International
`Table showing examples of advanced level of IPC-2006 International
`Table showing examples of advanced level of IPC-2006 International
`Patent Classification symbols
`Patent Classification symbols
`Patent Classification symbols
`Type of Information
`Type of Information
`Type of Information (cid:9)
`Advanced level inventive information
`Advanced level inventive information
`Advanced level inventive information
`Advanced level additional non-inventive information
`Advanced level additional non-inventive information
`Advanced level additional non-inventive information
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`Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
`Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
`. Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
`Cooperation Treaty (PCT). The PCT is anYES indicates that the application was filed through the Patent YES indicates that the application was filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). The PCT is an
`
`
`YES indicates that the application was filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). The PCT is an
`have signedinternational treaty providing international treaty providing standardized filing procedures for foreign patents in the countries that standardized filing procedures for foreign patents in the countries that have signed
`
`
`
`international treaty providing standardized filing procedures for foreign patents in the countries that have signed
`patent document is a PCT: (85) National Entry, (86)the treaty. The following fields are displayed only when the the treaty. The following fields are displayed only when the patent document is a PCT: (85) National Entry, (86)
`
`
`the treaty. The following fields are displayed only when the patent document is a PCT: (85) National Entry, (86)
`Date, (87) International Publication Number, (87) International PublicationPCT Filing Number, (86) PCT Filing PCT Filing Number, (86) PCT Filing Date, (87) International Publication Number, (87) International Publication
`
`
`PCT Filing Number, (86) PCT Filing Date, (87) International Publication Number, (87) International Publication
`Date.
`Date.
`Date.
`
`IPC Symbol Example
`IPC Symbol Example
`IPC Symbol Example ,
`
`B28B 12/9B28B 12/9 (2006.03)
` (2006.03)
`8288 12/9 (2006.03)
` (2007.06)H05B 3/18H05B 3/18 (2007.06)
`
`
`H058 3/18 (2007.06)
`
`(85) National Entry
`(85) National Entry
`(85) National Entry
`The date that a PCT originating application entered the Canadian national phase.
`The date that a PCT originating application entered the Canadian national phase.
`The date that a PCT originating application entered the Canadian national phase.
`(86) PCT Filing Number, Date
`(86) PCT Filing Number, Date
`(86) PCT Filing Number, Date
`(WIPO) to aThe number and the date assigned by the World Intellectual Property Organization The number and the date assigned by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to a
`
`
`The number and the date assigned by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to a
`patent application at the time it is filed in the PCT system.
`patent application at the time it is filed in the PCT system.
`patent application at the time it is filed in the PCT system.
`(87) International Publication Number, PCT Publication Date
`(87) International Publication Number, PCT Publication Date
`(87) International Publication Number, PCT Publication Date
`assigned by the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO) to anThe number The number and the date and the date assigned by the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO) to an
`
`
`
`The number and the date assigned by the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO) to an
`application filed through the PCT when the application becomes open to public inspection.
`application filed through the PCT when the application becomes open to public inspection.
`application filed through the PCT when the application becomes open to public inspection.
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`(30) Application Priority Data
`(30) Application Priority Data
`. (30) Application Priority Data
`which grant similar rights throughout manyCanada is a signatory to international treaties and conventions Canada is a signatory to international treaties and conventions which grant similar rights throughout many
`
`
`Canada is a signatory to international treaties and conventions which grant similar rights throughout many
`filing date of a previously filed application as the effective filing date ofcountries. An applicant may use the countries. An applicant may use the filing date of a previously filed application as the effective filing date of
`
`
`countries. An applicant may use the filing date of a previously filed application as the effective filing date of
`subject matter in a later filed Canadian application provided that:
`subject matter in a later filed Canadian application provided that:
`subject matter in a later filed Canadian application provided that:
`through treaty or1. the previously filed application was filed in Canada or in a country recognized by Canada the previously filed application was filed in Canada or in a country recognized by Canada through treaty or
`
`
`1. the previously filed application was filed in Canada or in a country recognized by Canada through treaty or
`convention for the purpose of priority claims;
`convention for the purpose of priority claims;
`convention for the purpose of priority claims;
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`(cid:9)
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`2. the previously filed application contains subject matter found in the later filed application; andthe previously filed application contains subject matter found in the later filed application; and
`
`2. the previously filed application contains subject matter found in the later filed application; and
`3. the later filed application is filed within 12 months of the previously filed application.the later filed application is filed within 12 months of the previously filed application.
`
`3. the later filed application is filed within 12 months of the previously filed application.
`appearance is: priorityThis field gives the priority application(s) related to the Canadian application. The order of This field gives the priority application(s) related to the Canadian application. The order of appearance is: priority
`
`
`This field gives the priority application(s) related to the Canadian application. The order of appearance is: priority
`number, priority country and priority date.
`number, priority country and priority date.
`number, priority country and priority date.
`priorities will beA patent document may have multiple priorities. Only the earliest priority is searchable but all A patent document may have multiple priorities. Only the earliest priority is searchable but all priorities will be
`
`
`A patent document may have multiple priorities. Only the earliest priority is searchable but all priorities will be
`displayed.
`displayed.
`displayed.
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`Availability of Licence
`Availability of Licence
`. Availability of Licence
`Since this data isThis field indicates whether the owner is willing to sell or license the rights to the patent. This field indicates whether the owner is willing to sell or license the rights to the patent. Since this data is
`
`
`This field indicates whether the owner is willing to sell or license the rights to the patent. Since this data is
`Data Not Given. Also, since ownersvoluntarily supplied by the owner, "N/A" means either No Licence Available or voluntarily supplied by the owner, "N/A" means either No Licence Available or Data Not Given. Also, since owners
`
`
`voluntarily supplied by the owner, "N/A" means either No Licence Available or Data Not Given. Also, since owners
`patent may be required to obtain a definitivemay change their minds, further enquiries to the owner of the may change their minds, further enquiries to the owner of the patent may be required to obtain a definitive
`
`
`may change their minds, further enquiries to the owner of the patent may be required to obtain a definitive
`answer.
`answer.
`answer.
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`(25) Language of Filing
`(25) Language of Filing
`. (25) Language of Filing
`FILING field appliesThis field indicates whether the document is available in English or French. The LANGUAGE OF This field indicates whether the document is available in English or French. The LANGUAGE OF FILING field applies
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`This field indicates whether the document is available in English or French. The LANGUAGE OF FILING field applies
`after August 15, 1978.only to applications open to public inspection and patents granted on or only to applications open to public inspection and patents granted on or after August 15, 1978.
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`only to applications open to public inspection and patents granted on or after August 15, 1978.
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`(57) Abstract
`(57) Abstract
`• (57) Abstract
`A single paragraph describing the invention.
`A single paragraph describing the invention.
`A single paragraph describing the invention.
`granted on or after AugustThe ABSTRACT field applies only to applications open to public inspection and patents The ABSTRACT field applies only to applications open to public inspection and patents granted on or after August
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`The ABSTRACT field applies only to applications open to public inspection and patents granted on or after August
`10, 1974, the abstract can be viewed from the abstract image15, 1978. For the period starting on December 15, 1978. For the period starting on December 10, 1974, the abstract can be viewed from the abstract image
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`15, 1978. For the period starting on December 10, 1974, the abstract can be viewed from the abstract image
`section.
`section.
`section.
`Patent CooperationCIPO receives abstracts in both official languages from WIPO as they are filed under the CIPO receives abstracts in both official languages from WIPO as they are filed under the Patent Cooperation
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`CIPO receives abstracts in both official languages from WIPO as they are filed under the Patent Cooperation
`after the initial filing. This could leadTrea