(12) United States Patent
`TOOmbs et al.
`
`USOO6279114B1
`(10) Patent No.:
`US 6,279,114 B1
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`(54)
`
`(75)
`
`(73)
`
`(21)
`(22)
`(51)
`(52)
`(58)
`
`(56)
`
`VOLTAGE NEGOTIATION IN A SINGLE
`HOST MULTIPLE CARDS SYSTEM
`
`Inventors: Thomas N. Toombs, Los Gatos, CA
`(US); Micky Holtzman, Kfar Vradim
`(IL)
`Assignee: SanDisk Corporation, Sunnyvale, CA
`(US)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`Notice:
`
`Appl. No.: 09/185,649
`Filed:
`Nov. 4, 1998
`Int. Cl." .......................... G06F 1/26; G06F 15/177
`U.S. Cl. .................................... 713/300; 713/1; 710/8
`Field of Search ..................................... 713/300-310,
`713/1, 2, 100; 710/8-19; 307/125-131;
`323/265-272
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,730,251
`4,910,655
`4,912,627
`4,918.598
`4,985,920
`4,992,970
`4,999,787
`5,016,223
`5,068,894
`5,131,091
`5,226,006
`5,237,609
`5,293,424
`5,319,705
`5,361,005
`5,367,149
`5,418,752
`5,426,432
`5,428,685
`5,450,365
`
`3/1988 Aakre et al..
`3/1990 Ashkin et al..
`3/1990 Ashkin et al..
`4/1990 Ashkin et al..
`1/1991 Seki.
`2/1991 Igarashi.................................. 702/64
`3/1991 McNally et al..
`5/1991 Kimura et al. .
`11/1991 Hoppe.
`7/1992 Mizuta.
`7/1993 Wang et al..
`8/1993 Kimura.
`3/1994 Holtey et al..
`6/1994 Halter et al. .
`11/1994 Slattery et al. .
`11/1994 Takahira.
`5/1995 Harari et al. .
`6/1995 Sanemitsu.
`6/1995 Kadooka et al. .
`9/1995 Adachi ................................. 365/226
`
`2/1996 Oda et al..
`5,490,117
`3/1996 Lee et al..
`5,499.242
`7/1996 Wu et al. ............................... 327/72
`5,534,801
`9/1996 Oztaskin et al. .
`5,559,965
`1/1997 Fandrich et al. .
`5,592,641
`1/1997 HaZen et al. .
`5,594,686
`5,613,130 * 3/1997 Teng et al. ........................... 713/300
`5,613,135
`3/1997 Sakai et al. .
`(List continued on next page.)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`296 13 771 U
`8/1996 (DE).
`84.4628
`2/1996 (JP).
`WO9701825
`1/1997 (WO).
`WO972.9454
`8/1997 (WO).
`WO9738370 10/1997 (WO).
`WO9738371
`10/1997 (WO).
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`“The MultiMediaCard System Specification,” MMCA Tech
`nical Committee, Version 1.4.(Official Release Feb. 1988)
`pp. 1-106.
`Primary Examiner Sumati Lefkowitz
`(74) Attorney, Agent,
`or Firm-Skjerven Morrill
`MacPherson LLP
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A low cost data storage and communication system. The low
`cost data Storage and communication System has a host and
`at least one card connected to the host. A Voltage negotiator
`located in the System for determining a common operating
`Voltage range that is a common demonminator of all inde
`pendent operating Voltage ranges of all of the cards con
`nected to the System. In addition, there is a novel feature of
`partitioning the memory Storages of the card. This feature
`provides the host the ability to Simultaneously erase any
`combination of Sectors in a single erase group, or any
`combination of the entire erase groups. Another feature
`feature provided by this novel method of partitioning the
`memory Storages is the ability to write protect any combi
`nation of memory groups in the card.
`
`16 Claims, 39 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`POWER
`SUPPLY
`
`
`
`MMC BUS
`MASTER
`
`MMC BUS
`
`MMC
`(FLASH)
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 1
`
`

`

`US 6,279,114 B1
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,613,159
`5,623,637
`5,627,416
`5,634,132
`5,644,750
`5,666,412
`5,668,760
`5,673,316
`5,678,021
`
`3/1997 Colnot.
`4/1997 Jones et al..
`5/1997 Kantner ................................ 307/119
`5/1997 Pearce et al. ........................ 713/300
`7/1997 Iijima.
`9/1997 Handelman et al..
`9/1997 Hazen.
`9/1997 Auerbach et al. .
`10/1997 Pawate et al..
`
`1/1998 Vicard.
`5,708,715
`1/1998 Gafken et al. ......................... 326/37
`5,708,799
`5/1998 Babcock ............................... 323/271
`5,757,171
`5,758,171 * 5/1998 Ramamurthy et al. .............. 713/300
`5,764,761
`6/1998 Vicard.
`5,773,901
`6/1998 Kantner ................................ 307/125
`5,774,546
`6/1998 Handelman et al..
`5,930,496 * 7/1999 MacLaren et al. .................... 439/55
`5,958,056
`9/1999 Lehmann ............................. 713/310
`* cited by examiner
`
`
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 1 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`LLPBUS
`
`SIMPLEBUS
`
`PONTIOPONTLINK
`
`PC-PERIPHERALS
`
`d
`
`D
`
`SIMPLE Bus--
`
`APBUS (EGA89
`
`-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
`
`DMA CONTROLLER/BUS
`BRIDGE (EG, PCMCIA)
`- - - - - -
`
`
`
`
`
`APPLICATION
`ADAPTER
`
`APPLICATION
`ADAPTER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`MMC
`ADAPTER
`
`MMC
`ADAPTER
`
`MMC
`ADAPTER
`
`SERIAL BUS (MMC)
`
`
`
`SOFTWARE PROTOCOL POINT TO POINT
`EMULATION=
`LINKED SYSTEM
`LOWEST COST LOW COSTSOLUTION
`SOLUTION WITH
`REDUCED DATA RATE
`
`SIMPLE BUS
`LINKED SYSTEM-
`MID COST
`SOLUTION
`
`PC BUS
`LINKED SYSTEMs
`HIGH COST
`SOLUTION
`
`FIG. 1
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 2 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`APPLICATION
`
`CARD CONTROL FUNCTIONS
`
`PAYLOAD HANDLER
`
`ERROR HANDLER
`
`APPLICATION
`ADAPTER
`
`
`
`
`
`?o
`:S
`S
`:S
`
`Cl
`
`APPLICATION ADAPTER STANDARD
`APPLICATIONS HDD CD-ROM CD
`LINEAR ADDRESSED MEMORY
`NON-STANDARDAPPLICATIONS
`
`- - - - -
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`- - - - - - - - - -
`
`-
`
`
`
`MMC
`ADAPTER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`CARDSACKMANAGEMENT
`POWER-UPIDOWN
`CARD REGISTRATION
`CARD REMOWAL
`INITALIZE CARDIABLE
`UPDATE CARDIABLE
`ODPPMODE SWITCH
`
`
`
`s
`
`ADAPTER TOOLBOX
`ERROR CORRECTION
`ADAPTER
`BCH 544512
`COMMANDS
`
`S
`s
`S
`S
`S
`r
`|Q -----------------------------------------
`CARD INTERFACE MACROS, READ BLOCK,
`READ SEQUENCE, ERASE BLOCK,
`READ BYTE, WRITE BLOCK,
`WRITE BLOCKAND VERIFY ETC.
`
`-
`
`-
`
`
`
`MMC BUS COMMANDS
`WRITE BLOCK, READ SEQUENCE, ERASE, ETC.
`
`DAT
`
`CLK
`
`FIG 2
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 4
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 3 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`APPLICATION
`
`APPLICATION ADAPTER EXTENSION
`
`APPLICATION
`SPECIFIC
`BLOCK
`
`APPLICATION
`ADAPTER
`
`COMMON
`BLOCK
`
`MMC
`ADAPTER
`
`MMC
`CONTROLLER
`
`FIG 3
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 5
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 4 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`POWER
`SUPPLY
`
`MMC BUS
`MASTER
`
`
`
`FIG. 4
`
`MMC BUS
`
`MMC
`(FLASH)
`
`FROM
`HOST
`TO CARD(S)
`
`FROM
`CARD
`STOP COMMAND
`TO HOST DATA FROM CARD
`STOPS DATA TRANSFER
`TO HOST
`CMD - - - - - - - - - COMMAND - RESPONSE - - - - - - - - - - - - - COMMAND - RESPONSE - - -
`
`
`
`DAT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
`
`DATA STREAM
`
`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -
`
`up a
`
`isDAIA IRANSFEROPERATION
`
`DATASIOP
`OPERATION
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 6
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 5 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`TESNOESETHEGNWWW.00 ||-------------------------#--#------ESNOEIS?)-[@WWWW00|---- GWO
`
`
`
`- - - - - - - - - - - - -OÐBOOTEYI?a|{0E0|x007@w.lºg}-\{080|x0010 VIVG|---------------+--- 170
`
`
`
`
`
`---- - - - - - - - - — — — — — - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
`
`
`
`NOLIWH340 CT75|}}}|0078
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 7
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 6 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`- - - - -ESNO&S=k\,
`
`GWWWW00
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 8
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 7 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`COMMAND CONTENT COMMAND AND ADDRESS INFORMATION
`OR PARAMETER, PROTECTED BY7 BIT CRC CHECKSUM
`TRANSMITTERBI?
`END BIT
`STARTBI
`ALWAYS '0' '1'=HOST COMMAND
`ALWAYS 1
`
`0 ||
`
`1 |
`
`CONTENT
`TOTAL LENGTH=48BITS
`
`CRC
`
`1
`
`FIG 10
`
`RESPONSE CONTENT MIRRORED COMMAND AND STATUS
`INFORMATION (R1 RESPONSE), OCR REGISTER (R3 RESPONSE
`OR RCA (R4ANDR5), PROTECTED BYA 7BITCRC CHECKSU
`START BIT
`TRANSMITTER BT.
`END BIT
`ALWAYS '0' 0-CARD RESPONSE
`ALWAYS 'i'
`\ \
`/
`0 || 0 |
`1
`
`CONTENT
`TOTAL LENGTH=48 BITS
`
`END BIT
`ALWAYS '1'
`
`R1,R3R4R5
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`R2
`
`0
`
`T
`
`CONTENT=CD OR CSD
`TOTAL LENGTH = 136 BITS
`
`
`
`FIG 11
`
`STARTBI
`ALWAYS '0'
`\
`0
`
`SEOUENTIAL DATA
`
`STARTBI
`ALWAYS '0'
`
`BLOCKDATA
`
`0
`
`END BIT, ALWAYS 1
`SENT WHEN TRANSFER
`INTERRUPTED BYA CMD
`/
`1
`
`END BI
`ALWAYS 1
`
`CRC
`
`1
`
`BLOCKLENGTH
`FIG. 12
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 9
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`APPLICATION
`INTERFACE
`
`
`
`N0|105||30. NO HEMM0d
`
`- - - - - - - - - as a -- we r + r - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
`
`F.G. 14
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 10
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 9 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`WDD WOLIAGE WINDOW
`RESERVED
`2.0-2.1
`21-22
`
`OCR BIT POSITION
`
`:O
`
`
`
`3.0-3. 1
`
`
`
`2 0
`
`22
`2 3
`24-30
`
`RESERVED
`CARD POWER UPSTATUS BIT (BUS
`
`1)THIS BITIS SETTOLOWIF THE CARD HAS NOT FINISHED THE POWER UP ROUTINE
`
`
`
`FIG. 15
`
`FIG 16
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 11
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 10 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`CELL
`
`CSD-SLCE
`WDTH
`FIELD
`NAME
`(127,126)
`| 2 | R
`CSD STRUCTURE
`CSD STRUCTURE
`(125.122)
`4
`R
`MMC PROT
`MMC PROTOCOL VERSION
`RESERVEDx-XX2xx Rxf121:120
`DATA READ ACCESS TIME-1
`IAAC
`8
`R
`(119-112,
`PE;" |
`|
`|
`|unio
`MAX DATA TRANSFERRATE
`TRAN SPEED
`(103.96
`CARD COMMAND CLASSES
`ccc
`19584)
`Max READDAIABLOCKLENGTH
`READ BL LEN
`18380)
`PARTAL BLOCKS FOR READ ALLOWED READ BL PARTAL
`17979,
`WRITE BLOCKMSALIGNMENT
`WRITE BLK MISALIGN
`17878)
`READ BLOCKMISALIGNMENT
`READ BLK MISALIGN
`17777
`DSR IMPLEMENTED
`DSR IMP
`17676)
`EXTERNAL VPP
`VPROG
`17574)
`DEVICE SIZE MANTISSA
`CSIZE MANT
`17366
`DEVICESIZE EXPONENT
`CSIZE EXP
`16562)
`MAX READ CURRENTGWDDMIN
`VDD FCURRMN
`161:59)
`MAX. READ CURRENTGVMAX VDDRCURRMAX
`158:56,
`
`R
`R
`R
`I R
`I R
`R
`R
`R
`R
`R
`R
`R
`
`8
`12
`4
`1
`1
`1
`2
`8
`4
`3
`3
`
`F.G. 17A
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 12
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 11 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`FIELD
`
`NAME
`
`WDTH E L l
`CSD-SLICE
`TYPE
`15553)
`VDDWCURRMIN | 3 || R
`MAX WRITECURRENTGVDDMIN
`(5250
`VDD WCURR MAX | 3 || R
`MAX. WRITECURRENTGVDDMAX
`49:47)
`IVPP CURR
`| 3 || R
`MAX Vpp CURRENT
`4642,
`SECTOR SIZE
`5
`R
`ERASE SECIOR SIZE
`(4137)
`ERASE GRP SIZE
`5
`R
`ERASE GROUP SIZE
`(36.32)
`WP GRP SIZE
`5
`R
`WRITE PROTECT GROUP SIZE
`(31:31)
`WP GRP ENABLE
`1
`I R
`WRITE PROTECT GROUPENABLE
`(30.29)
`DEFAULT Ecc
`2
`R
`MANUFACTURER DEFAULEcc
`12826)
`R2W FACTOR
`3
`R
`STREAM WRITE SPEED FACTOR
`(2522,
`WRITE BL LEN
`4
`R
`MAX. WRITE DATABLOCKLENGTH
`Phil Blocks FORWRIEALOWED Wilt EL PARIA 1R 1221.
`VEDXX-XX 5xx Rx:20:16:
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`YXXXX
`COPYFLAG (OTP)
`PERMANENT WRITE PROTECTION
`
`xxx
`
`y
`
`
`
`COPY
`PERM WRITE PROTEC
`
`ECC CODE
`
`NOTUSED, ALWAYS 1
`
`-
`
`R/WIE
`
`
`
`
`
`11:11
`
`10 O)
`
`0
`2-3
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG. 17B
`
`CSD VERSION No. 10
`CSD VERSION 1.1
`RESERVED
`
`FIG. 18
`
`MMC PROTOCOLVERSION 10-12
`
`0
`
`MMC PROTOCOLVERSION 10-12
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG. 19
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 13
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 12 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`FG
`TIME EXPOWENT
`0=1NS, 1=10NS, 2= 100NS, 3=1 LluS, 4=10LLuS,
`5=100LLuS, 6= 1MS, 7= 10MS
`TIME MANTISSA
`0=RESERVED, 1 = 1.0, 2=1,2,3= 1.3, 4= 1.5,
`5=20, 6=2.5, 7= 3.0, 8=35, 9= 4.0, A=4.5
`B=5.0, C=55, D=6.0, E=70, F=8.0
`RESERVED
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG. 20
`
`TRAN SPEEDBIT
`
`TRANSFERRAE EXPONENT
`O= 100KBITS, 1 = 1MBITIS, 2= 10MBITS,
`3=100MBITS, 4.7=RESERVED
`TIME MANTISSA
`0=RESERVED, 1 = 1.0, 2= 1.2, 3=1.3, 4= 1.5
`5=20, 6=25, 7=3.0, 8=35, 9=4.0, A=4.5,
`B=5.0, C=5.5, D=6.0, E=70, F=8.0
`RESERVED
`
`FIG 21
`
`CCC BIT
`
`f
`
`SUPPORTED CARD COMMAND CLASS
`CLASS 0
`CLASS 1
`
`
`
`
`
`CLASS 11
`
`FIG.22
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 14
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 13 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`BL LEN
`0
`
`|
`
`12-14
`15
`
`|
`
`BLOCKLENGTH
`20 = 1 BYTE
`2 = 2BYES
`211 = 2048 BYTES
`RESERVED
`ANY
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`REMARK
`
`
`
`
`
`CAN BE SET BY THE HOST IN 1 BYTE STEPS BETWEEN
`1 BYTE AND (THEORETICALLY) THE TOTAL DEVICE SIZE
`FIG. 23
`
`DSR IMP
`0
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DSR TYPE
`NODSR IMPLEMENTED
`DSR IMPLEMENTED
`FIG. 24
`
`WDD R CURR MIN
`5.W.A, CODE FORCURRENTCONSUMPIONG Vod
`0=0.5/1A, 1 = 1/A2=517A, 3=1017A, 4=251A,
`5=35mA, 6=60mA, 7= 100mA
`
`WDD R CURR MAX
`
`CODE FORCURRENTCONSUMPTIONG) WDD
`
`
`
`O= 1mA, 1 =5mA, 2= 10mA, 3-25mA, 4=35mA,
`5=45mA, 6=80mA, 7=200mA
`
`FIG. 25
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 15
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 14 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`0
`
`3
`
`
`
`
`
`1
`
`8
`
`FIG. 26
`
`
`
`ECC
`
`2-3
`
`ECC TYPE
`NONE (DEFAULT)
`BCH (542,512)
`RESERVED
`
`MAXIMUM NUMBER OF CORRECTABLE
`BITS PER BLOCK
`NONE
`
`FIG. 27
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 16
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 15 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`CSD FIELD
`
`COMMAND CLASSES
`1 2 3 4 5 6
`7 8 9
`
`0
`
`IAAC
`NSAC
`TRAN SPEED
`CCC
`READ BL LEN
`READ BL PARTIAL
`WRITE BLK MISALIGN
`READ BLK MISALIGN
`DSR IMP
`WPROG
`CSIZE MANT
`C SIZE EXP
`WDD R CURR MIN
`WDD R CURR MAX
`WDD WCURR MIN
`WDD WCURR MAX
`WPP CURR
`SECTOR SIZE
`ERASE GRP SIZE
`WP GRP SIZE
`WP GRP ENABLE
`DEFAULT ECC
`R2W FACTOR
`WRITE BL LEN
`WRITE BL PARTIAL
`COPY
`PERM WRITE PROTECT
`TMP WRITE PROTECT
`ECC
`CRC
`
`+++++++ -
`++++++++
`+
`-H
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG. 28
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 16 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`VIVOINIDIY
`
`
`
`(ADY)UIVIS
`
`«ONUFISNVEL,
`
`40clGWd
`
`LOINNOOSIC
`
`
`
`(SIP)FiVLS
`
`VIVGDNIGNIS
`
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 18
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 17 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 18 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 20
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 20
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`
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 19 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 21
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 21
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`
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 20 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`3:Class DESCRIPTION |otalaarstonesistereo
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`BASIC
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 22
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 21 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 23
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`
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`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 22 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 24
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 24
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`
`
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`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 23 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 25
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`
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 24 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 25 of 39
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 27
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 27
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`
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 26 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 27 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 29
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`
`
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`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 28 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
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`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 30
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`

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`'1'=ERROR
`
`28
`
`27 ERASE PARAM
`
`26 WPVIOLATION
`
`THE COMMANDSARGUMENT WASOUT
`OF THE ALLOWED RANGE FOR THIS CARD.
`A MSA. IGNEDADDRESS WHICHDD
`NOTMATCH THE BLOCKLENGTH WAS
`USED IN THE COMMAND.
`THE TRANSFERRED BLOCKLENGTH IS NOT C
`ALLOWED FOR THIS CARD, OR THE NUM
`BER OF TRANSFERRED BYTES DOES NOT
`MATCH THE BLOCKLENGTH.
`ANERRORIN THE SEQUENCE OF ERASE
`ER '0'-NOERROR
`COMMANDS OCCURRED.
`'1'=ERROR
`AN INVALID SELECTION OF SECTORS OR
`EXO-NOERROR
`GROUPS FORERASE OCCURRED.
`'1'=ERROR
`ERXO-NOT PROTECTED ATTEMPT TO PROGRAMA WRITE PRO-
`'1'=PROTECTED
`TECTED BLOCK.
`
`CLEAR
`COND
`TION
`C
`
`C
`
`C
`
`C
`
`C
`
`3 al
`
`C
`
`C
`
`C
`
`C
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 29 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`IDENTIFIER
`
`WALUE
`
`DESCRIPTION
`
`2
`
`2
`
`2.
`3.
`22 3.
`COM CRC ERROR ER 0-NOERROR
`THE CRC CHECK OF THE PREVIOUS
`'1'=ERROR
`COMMAND FAILED.
`22 ILLEGAL COMMANDER O'=NOERROR
`COMMAND NOT LEGAL FOR THE CARD
`'1'=ERROR
`SIAE
`21 CARD ECC FAILED EXO-SUCCESS
`CARD INTERNAL ECC WASAPPLIED BUT
`'1'=FAILURE
`FAILED TO CORRECT THE DATA.
`ERX 'O'NOERROR
`INTERNAL CARD CONTROLLERERROR
`'1'=ERROR
`
`20 ICC ERROR
`
`19 ERROR
`E
`
`18 UNDERRUN
`
`17 OWERRUN
`
`CID/
`CSD OVERWRITE
`
`ERX'O'NOERROR
`'1'-ERROR
`EX ’0'-NOERROR
`'1'-ERROR
`EX ’0-NOERROR
`'1'=ERROR
`0-NOERROR
`ERROR
`
`E
`
`A GENERAL ORAN UNKNOWNERROR
`OCCURRED DURING THE OPERATION
`THE CARD COULD NOTSUSTANDATA
`PROGRAMMING INSTREAM READ MODE
`THE CARD COULD NOTSUSTANDATA
`PROGRAMMING INSTREAM WRITE MODE
`CAN BE EITHER ONE OF THE FOLLOWING
`ERRORS
`-THE CID REGISTER HAS BEEN
`ALREADYWRITIENAND CANNOTBE
`OWERWRITIEW
`-THE READ ONLYSECTION OF THE
`CSD DOES NOTMATCH THE CARD
`CONEN
`ANATEMPT TO REVERSE THE COPY
`(SETAS ORIGINAL) OR PERMANENT
`WP(UNPROTECTED)BITS WAS MADE.
`FIG 50A
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 31
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 30 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`BITS
`
`IDENTIFIER
`
`TYPE
`
`WALUE
`
`DESCRIPTION
`
`15 WP ERASE SKIP
`
`SX
`
`0=NOT PROTECTED ONLY PARTAL ADDRESS SPACE WAS
`'1'=PROTECTED
`ERASED DUE TOEXISTING WRITE PRO
`TECTED BLOCKS.
`
`14 CARD ECC DISABLED
`
`SX
`
`'0'=ENABLED
`'1'=DSABLED
`
`THE COMMAND HAS BEEN EXECUTED
`WITHOUTUSING THE INTERNAL ECC.
`
`ANERASE SEOUENCE WAS CLEARED
`BEFORE EXECUTING BECAUSEAN OUT
`OF ERASE SEQUENCE COMMAND WAS
`RECEIVED
`
`STATE OF THE CARD THE FOUR BTS ARE
`INTERPRETED ASA BINARY CODED
`NUMBER BETWEEN 0 AND 15.
`
`13 ERASE RESET
`
`SR '0'-CLEARED
`'1'=SET
`
`12:9|CURRENT STATE
`
`SX 0-DLE
`1. READY
`2=DENT
`3-STBY
`4=TRAN
`5=DATA
`6-RCW
`7=PRG
`8=DS
`9-15-RESERVED
`
`CLEAR
`COND
`TION
`C
`
`A
`
`C
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`FIG. 50B
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 32
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 31 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`START BIT (='0)
`TRANSMITTERBIT (HOST='1', CARD='0)
`ONE-CYCLE PULL-UP(='1')
`END BIT (at 1
`HIGH IMPEDANCE STATE (->="1"
`
`REPETITION
`
`% CARD ACTIVE
`%HOSTACTIVE
`
`FIG 51
`
`
`
`Response a
`Host cominald, NCR 90s,
`CMDSTWContentWCRCEZ * * * * * *ZSTScontentSCRCEZZZ
`FIG. 52
`
`
`
`Response
`No cycles
`HOSt COmmand
`CMDSTWContentWCRCEZZPS SPSTScontentSCRCEZZZ
`F.G. 53
`
`
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 33
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 32 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`Host command. F. NDCycles.--CID or OCR
`CMD STW content WCRCEZ * * * * * *ZSIS contentSZZZ
`FIG. 54
`
`
`
`sy text
`Host command.
`CMD STScontent NCRCEZ * * * * * *ZSTW content WCRCE
`FIG 55
`
`
`
`Host command.
`Host command.--NCC Cycles.
`CMD STWContentWCRCEZ * * * * * *ZSTWContent.WCRCE
`
`F.G. 56
`
`
`
`
`
`NCR Cycles
`HOSt COmmand
`CMD STWContent WCRCEZZPS SPSTScontentSCRCE
`ZZZ * * * *ZZZZZZP, PSDDD:
`FIG. 57
`
`DAT
`
`
`
`HoSt COmmand
`
`NCR Cycles
`
`
`
`CMD
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DAT
`
`DDDDDDEZZ* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 34
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 33 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`NCR cycles
`HOSt COmmand
`CMD STW content%CRCEZZPS SPSTSContentSCRCE
`DAT
`(DDDDDEPS, SPSDDD:
`--Old data
`neW data
`
`
`
`FIG. 59
`
`Card response
`- HOSCInd
`CMD EZZPPST ContentCRCEZZIP * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *PPPPPPPP
`Write data
`CRC Status Bus
`DAT ZZ * * * * ZZZ* * *ZZZZPPS content CRCEZZSStatus ESL
`
`FIG. 60
`
`--Cardisp
`CMD EZZIPE * * * * * * * * * * * * * PPPPPPP : * * * * * * * * * * * * *PPPPPPP
`McE-Write Data- CRCstatus
`KWPC-Write Data- ICRCstats-Busy
`DAT ZZPPSDala-CRCEZZSSISEEPZPPSData+CRCEZZSSalisESLEZ
`
`
`
`FIG. 61
`
`
`
`NGR Celes
`Host Command
`CMD STcontent CRCEZZPP
`DAT DDDDDDDDDDEZZS
`
`
`
`Card Response.
`PSTSContentSCRCE
`Cardis programming
`
`OSCOINard
`
`EZZZZZZZZ
`
`
`
`
`
`Host Command- <NORCycles > --Card Response
`CMD STcontent CRCEZZPP
`PSScontenSCRCE
`-Dala block
`GRCstals
`Card is programming
`DAT DDDDDZZSCRCEZZSLEEZZZZZZZZ
`F.G. 63
`
`OSCOINard
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 35
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 34 0f 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`Host Command-kNRCycleSY-Card response
`CMD STcontent ICRCEZZPPS content CRCE
`Card is programming
`
`
`
`HOSE CITInd
`
`DAT
`
`s
`
`LEZZZZZZZZ
`
`FIG. 64
`
`Host Command-<NBCycles--Card response
`CMD ST content CRCEZZP, PS content CRCE
`Card is programming
`ZZZZZZZZZZZSEZZZZZZZZ
`
`
`
`
`
`DAT
`
`HOSt Cmnd
`
`
`
`F.G. 65
`
`SSN
`SS YSS
`É
`gz is
`Block OBlock Block 2 BIOCK 3 Born
`
`2
`
`2
`
`s
`
`3
`
`Sy 2 N
`
`2x2 fé
`sector 0.1
`N
`N
`2
`Y 2223
`N
`isector02
`N SSSSSSSSSS
`Øayaaaaaa 2 3 3
`
`N
`w
`2 %2
`N
`&
`3.23
`r
`N -
`yySNS
`d
`aw
`
`Y.
`
`sa
`
`SS
`
`al
`
`N
`
`N
`
`N
`
`f
`
`F.G. 66
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 36
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 35 0f 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`ERASE SECTOR
`
`TAG SECTOR START
`
`RESPONSE OK
`2
`
`TAG SECTOR END
`
`RETURN (ERROR CONDITION)
`
`RESPONSE OK
`p
`
`RETURN (ERROR CONDITION)
`
`RESPONSE OK
`p
`
`RETURN (ERROR CONDITION)
`
`
`
`RETURN
`
`FIG. 67
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 37
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 36 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`ERASE
`COMMAND
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`YES 1 SINGLESECTORS
`ERASEMODE
`
`CALCULATE START & END
`SECTORSADDRESSES
`TO BE ERASED,
`ALIGN WITHERASE
`GROUPS BOUNDRIES
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`START & END SECTORS
`ARE WITHIN THE SAME
`ERASE group
`
`
`
`
`
`LEGAL SECTORS
`ADDRESSES
`p
`
`YES
`
`
`
`
`
`EXIT
`
`NO
`
`END SECTOR
`ADDRESS >e
`FIRSTSECTOR
`(DDRESS
`YES
`
`
`
`EXIT
`
`YES
`
`TOO MANY UNTAGGED
`SECTORS/GROUPS WITHIN THE
`SELECTED RANGE
`2
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`SEES:ESSR)-N0
`A WRITE PROTECT
`GRgup
`
`QUED SECTOR
`
`
`
`QUE THE NEXT
`SECTOR TO BE ERASED
`
`
`
`ANYSECTORS
`LEFT TOERASE
`
`
`
`
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 38
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 37 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`e
`S
`C)
`SN
`S Q
`S QC
`S
`S
`S. CD
`
`WPGROUP 0
`
`WP-GROUP 1
`
`WP-GROUP
`
`FIG. 69
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 39
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 38 of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`SETICLEAR
`WRITE
`PROTECT
`COMMAND
`
`
`
`
`
`LEGAL SECTOR
`ADDRESS
`2
`
`CALCULATE WRITE PROTECT
`GROUPNUMBER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`SETWRITE PROTECT
`GROUP BITIN REGISTER
`
`
`
`
`
`SETWRITE PROTECT
`2
`
`CLEAR WRITE PROTECT
`GROUP BITIN REGISTER
`
`UPDATE REGISTERS
`SECTOR
`
`FIG. 70
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 40
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 21, 2001
`
`Sheet 39 Of 39
`
`US 6,279,114 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`CARD PROPERLY
`INSTALLED
`2
`
`COPYORIGINAL
`2
`
`ORIGINAL
`
`EXECUTED LOADED
`SOFTWARE
`
`FIG. 71
`
`Kingston Exhibit 1008 - 41
`
`

`

`1
`VOLTAGE NEGOTIATION IN A SINGLE
`HOST MULTIPLE CARDS SYSTEM
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`The present invention is directed to a low cost data Storage
`and communication System. More particularly, the present
`invention relates to an universal and detachable low cost
`data Storage and communication System.
`There have been continuous development in the universal
`and detachable Storage and communication System having
`detachable cards Such as memory cards or I/O interfaces.
`These Systems usually comprise a host and at least one
`detachable card connected to the host for providing different
`functions to the System. Based on different System
`requirements, each card may provide different functions
`Such as being as Storage device, or as a modem. Due to the
`capability of Supporting multiple cards in a same System, the
`combinations provided by these cards are unlimited.
`In general, these multicard Systems are designed for use
`in a wide area of applications Such as electronic toys,
`organizers, PDAS, cameras, Smartphones, digital recorders,
`pagers, etc. Targeted features are high mobility and high
`performance at low cost price. For example, extra Storage
`can be added to any application Systems (i.e. the host), or I/O
`interfaces can be provided for the host to communicate with
`other Systems.
`In Some circumstances, the cards of the multicard Systems
`can be pre-loaded with application Software and/or data and
`then Sold to consumers to be used with the multicard System.
`In addition, the card can also comprise EEPROM or FLASH
`memory So that Software and data can be preloaded and
`changed by the multicard host. The use of the multicard
`System as a storage device is versatile that any prestored
`database (e.g. dictionary, phone books, etc.) can be con
`nected to the multicard System wh