(12) United States Patent
`Rankin et al.
`
`USOO6879838B2
`(10) Patent No.:
`US 6,879,838 B2
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Apr. 12, 2005
`
`2 : - -2
`
`(54) DISTRIBUTED LOCATION BASED SERVICE
`SYSTEM
`
`(75) Inventors: Paul John Rankin, Horley (GB);
`y Charles Griffiths, Fremont,
`
`O O
`(73) Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.,
`Eindhoven (NL)
`-
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 475 dayS.
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/839,558
`(22) Filed:
`Apr. 20, 2001
`(65)
`Prior Publication Data
`
`Ola C a
`
`- - -
`
`6,353,398 B1 * 3/2002 Amin et al. ........... 340/995.12
`6,360,164 B1 * 3/2002 Murayama .................. 701/200
`6,393.292 B1 * 5/2002 Lin ...............
`455/456.5
`gs R : g: Ele
`- - - - - OSA,
`6,459,913 B2 * 10/2002 Cloutier ...................... 455/567
`6,463,142 B1 * 10/2002 Kilp ...................... 379/201.06
`6,542.812 B1 * 4/2003 Obradovich et al. ........ 701/207
`6,549.625 B1 * 4/2003 Rautila et al. .............. 380/258
`6,594.498 B1 * 7/2003 McKenna et al. .......... 455/517
`6,647.257 B2 * 11/2003 Owensby ..........
`... 455/414.1
`6,675,014 B1 * 1/2004 Sundquist ......
`... 455/435.1
`6,681,114 B2 * 1/2004 Chang et al. ............ 455/456.3
`2001/0044309 A1 11/2001 Bar et al. ................... 455/456
`2002/0046084 A1
`4/2002 Steele et al. .................. 705/14
`2002/0090927 A1
`7/2002 AIlande et al. .......
`... 455/408
`2003/0O32409 A1
`2/2003 Hutcheson et al. ......... 455/414
`2004/OO67773 A1
`4/2004 Rachabathuni et al. ..... 455/560
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`US 2002/O155844 A1 Oct. 24, 2002
`2
`(51) Int. Cl." .................................................. H04Q 7/20
`(52) U.S. Cl. ................................ 455/456.6; 455/414.2;
`455/4.56.1; 455/456.3; 701/200
`(58) Field of Search .............................. 455/403, 404.2,
`455/414.2, 456.1, 456.3, 456.6, 556, 456;
`342/457; 701/200; 340/905
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,561,704 A 10/1996 Salimando
`5,914,668 A * 6/1999 Chavez et al. ............. 340/7.39
`5,930,699 A 7/1999 Bhatia
`6,014,090 A
`1/2000 Rosen et al. ................ 340/905
`6,055.434 A 4/2000 Seraj
`6,091,956 A * 7/2000 Hollenberg .............. 455/456.5
`6,115,667 A 9/2000 Nakamura
`6,119,098 A * 9/2000 Guyot et al. .................. 705/14
`6,123,259 A 9/2000 Ogasawara
`6,148.262 A 11/2000 Fry
`6,157,841. A * 12/2000 Bolduc et al. ........... 455/456.5
`6,195,646 B1
`2/2001 Grosh et al. .................. 705/26
`6,233,430 B1 * 5/2001 Helferich ........
`340/7.21
`6,332,127 B1 12/2001 Bandera et al. ............... 705/14
`
`1199899 A1 * 4/2002
`EP
`WO9857SO6
`12/1998
`WO
`WOOOO4730
`1/2000
`WO
`WOOO6918O
`11/2000
`WO
`* cited by examiner
`
`- - - - - - - - - - - - HO4O/7/22
`
`Primary Examiner William Trost
`ASSistant Examiner-James Ewart
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Michael E. Schmitt
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`A System, apparatus, and method for providing a distributed
`location based Service System to a mobile user. Information
`related to a particular geographic location may be electroni
`cally transferred to a mobile electronic device, without a
`request from the user, and interpreted locally on the device
`in the form of a virtual map of location based resources. The
`mobile device is capable of determining its location using a
`GPS (Global Positioning System) or a process of measure
`ment and prediction based on calculation. The mobile device
`can then use the location information and compare it to
`available location based resources within the device.
`
`27 Claims, 6 Drawing Sheets
`
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`PROCESSOR
`
`MEMORY
`
`LOCATION RESOURCESERVER
`
`103
`
`COMMUNICATION
`NETWORK
`102
`
`
`
`-104
`
`
`
`
`INFORMATION
`SERVER
`
`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 001
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Apr. 12, 2005
`
`Sheet 1 of 6
`
`US 6,879,838 B2
`
`
`
`MOBILE
`COMMUNICATIONS
`DEVICE
`
`LOCATION TO
`INFORMATION
`MATCHING SYSTEM
`
`COMMUNICATION
`NETWORK
`
`MOBILE LOCATION
`DETERMINATION
`SYSTEM
`
`INFORMATION
`SERVER
`
`FIG. 1
`PRIOR ART
`
`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 002
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Apr. 12, 2005
`
`Sheet 2 of 6
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`US 6,879,838 B2
`
`901-*
`
`
`
`HAHHS30800SEH NOIIVOOI
`
`
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`
`
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`
`
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`
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`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 003
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Apr. 12, 2005
`
`Sheet 3 of 6
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`US 6,879,838 B2
`
`
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`NFORMATION
`TOLOCATION
`MATCHAREAS
`
`LONGITUDE
`
`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 004
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Apr. 12, 2005
`
`Sheet 4 of 6
`
`US 6,879,838 B2
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`LOCATION
`RESOURCE SERVER
`
`-103
`
`COMBINED
`LOCATION SERVICE
`DATABASEMAP
`
`DOWNLOAD TO
`MOBILEDEVICE
`L1
`
`S1
`
`S2
`
`were
`
`H - H - He we we - we are was w w is as as
`
`e
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`- - - - - - - - as - as a Y- - -s.
`
`NITATESCAN FOR
`INFOMATION SERVICES
`
`P6
`
`COMPARENEW
`LOCATIONTOLOCAL
`MAPDATABASE
`
`RETURNTO START
`BASED ON OCATION
`SEARCHALGORTHM
`
`S9
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`SERVICEAVAILABLE
`FOR THIS LOCATION?
`
`MATCHING FILTER:
`COMPAREAGAINST
`LOCAL PREFERENCE
`INFORMATION
`
`CHOOSEACTION BASED
`ONINFOMATION RECORD
`FOR LOCATION AND
`MATCHING FILTER
`
`
`
`REQUEST ADDITIONAL
`INFORMATION VIA
`COMMUNICATIONNETWORK
`
`f
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`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 005
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`U.S. Patent
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`Apr. 12, 2005
`
`Sheet 5 of 6
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`US 6,879,838 B2
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`y-AXIS
`
`POINTD
`
`or 1 POINTB
`
`() N POINTA
`
`
`
`X-AXIS
`
`FIG.5
`
`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 006
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Apr. 12, 2005
`
`Sheet 6 of 6
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`US 6,879,838 B2
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`MOBILE ELECTRONIC DEVICE
`
`105
`-1
`
`103
`
`LOCATION
`RESOURCE
`SERVER
`
`104
`
`INFORMATION
`SERVER
`
`LO -->
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`COMMUNICATION
`NETWORK
`102
`am
`
`104
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`INFORMATION
`SERVER
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`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 007
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`

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`1
`DISTRIBUTED LOCATION BASED SERVICE
`SYSTEM
`
`US 6,879,838 B2
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates to mobile interactive Service
`Systems, and, more particularly, to distributed location based
`Service Systems.
`2. Description of the Related Art
`Mobile communication Systems, Such as cellular wireleSS
`networks, provide communication means for mobile users.
`In addition to providing two way communication, wireleSS
`networks can be used to provide a variety of mobile infor
`mation and transaction Services based on the location, time
`and other information filtering preferences of the user.
`Mobile Services are typically provided using voice, text or
`graphical information. A user may request information about
`the location of the nearest restaurant, ATM or other local
`amenity, and be presented with a graphical map, local
`address information or directions. Alternatively, a user may
`be "pushed' information, Such as the proximity of a nearby
`shop with a special offer which matches the personal pref
`erences of the mobile user.
`Mobile location information updates are either triggered
`by user intervention, e.g., a request for information; the
`result of periodic updating, e.g., regular polling of a mobile
`device to determine location; or triggered by Some System
`event, e.g., the user makes a call, changes cell or Switches
`the mobile device on or off. The matching of a location to a
`service is accomplished centrally within the network. The
`matching operation increaseS network interaction for the
`mobile device, thereby causing increased latency in trans
`actions between network and mobile device, increased net
`work traffic, and a decreased ability to provide push Services.
`What is needed is a System and mobile communications
`device whereby accurate location based Services may be
`pushed to a mobile user. What is further needed is an
`asSociated System and method which can provide Such push
`Services to a mobile communications device.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`The present invention provides a distributed location
`based information Service System which permits information
`in the form of a virtual map of location based resources
`related to a particular geographic location to be electroni
`cally transferred to a mobile electronic device, and to be
`interpreted locally by that device. The mobile device is
`equipped with a means of determining its location and is
`able to compare its current location to available location
`based resources independently of the network.
`The present invention, in one form thereof, includes a
`mobile communications device which overcomes the short
`comings of the prior art. The mobile communications device
`could be a mobile phone, pager, wireleSS equipped portable
`data assistant, personal computer, or other Suitable device.
`The mobile device may be carried by a person or may be
`located in a car, boat, aircraft, train, or other conveyance.
`The mobile communications device contains a location
`determination System which allows the device to determine
`its location either from the network or independently from
`the network. The mobile communication device triggerS a
`determination of its location. This in turn will cause a map
`to be downloaded to the device from a location resource
`server. The device contains memory in which to store the
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`downloaded map and to Store algorithms. The downloaded
`map may user preferences regarding the type of information
`which the user desires to obtain. The user preferences may
`be held on the device itself to facilitate updating of prefer
`ences or to protect the privacy of the user. The device also
`contains a processor which operates on the basis of algo
`rithms to interpret the downloaded map. The algorithms
`determine the current geographic location of the mobile
`device by a process of both measurement and prediction, or
`interpolation, based on calculation. In essence, the invention
`provides a mobile device which is fundamentally autono
`mous by determining its location and comparing that infor
`mation to a database held on the device. This feature of the
`present invention facilitates very rapid interaction with local
`Services.
`The invention in one embodiment thereof comprises a
`mobile communication device including a processor, a radio
`frequency transceiver connected to the processor, and an
`electronic memory, output device, and a location determi
`nation element connected to the processor. Information
`regarding resources available at the location of the mobile
`communication device may be downloaded to the device,
`without a request from the device, whereby the processor
`can process the information and processed information is
`made available at the output element.
`The invention, in another embodiment, comprises a com
`munication System. The System includes a mobile commu
`nication device including a processor, a radio frequency
`transceiver connected to the processor, and an output device,
`memory and location determination element connected to
`the processor. The System further includes a location
`resource Server including a memory in which data is Stored,
`the data pertaining to resources which are available at
`Selected geographic locations. The location resource Server
`is capable of establishing communication with the mobile
`communication device. Thus, the location resource Server
`can establish communication with the device and download
`information to the mobile communication device without a
`request for information from the device, whereby the device
`can proceSS Such information and output processed infor
`mation on its output. The processed information pertains to
`resources available at the location of the mobile communi
`cation device.
`The invention, in another embodiment, comprises a
`method for Supplying geographically based resource infor
`mation to a mobile communication device. The method
`includes the Steps of determining the location of the device,
`communicating the location to a location resource Server,
`Selecting information based on the communicated deter
`mined location, and downloading the Selected information to
`the device.
`An advantage of the present invention is the increased
`ability to provide opportunistic or push Services where a user
`is offered information without initiating a request.
`Another advantage of the present invention is that the
`current geographic location of a mobile device may be
`determined accurately within the mobile device by a process
`of both measurement and prediction, or interpolation, based
`on calculation.
`Yet another advantage is that network traffic and latency
`are reduced by distributing the process of location to infor
`mation matching and using the process of location predic
`tion.
`Still another advantage is that location accuracy is
`improved by distributing the process of location to infor
`mation matching and using a process of location prediction.
`
`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 008
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`US 6,879,838 B2
`
`3
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`The above-mentioned and other features and advantages
`of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will
`become more apparent and the invention itself will be better
`understood by reference to the following description of an
`embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the
`accompanying drawings, wherein:
`FIG. 1 is a prior art mobile location based information
`System.
`FIG. 2 is a preferred embodiment of the system according
`to the present invention and including the mobile commu
`nications device.
`FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of information to
`location match areas overlaid on a geographic map.
`FIG. 4 is a flowchart which illustrates the process of
`location based Service interaction between a location
`resource Server and a mobile communications device.
`FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the method of
`location interpolation and prediction according to a math
`ematical algorithm.
`FIG. 6 is an alternative embodiment of the invention.
`Corresponding reference characters indicate correspond
`ing parts throughout the Several views. The exemplification
`set out herein illustrates one preferred embodiment of the
`invention, in one form, and Such exemplification is not to be
`construed as limiting the Scope of the invention in any
`C.
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`communications device 100 includes radio transceiver 110
`connected to antenna 116 and controlled by processor 112.
`Processor 112 executes program instructions 114 held in
`memory 113. Memory 113 includes random access memory
`for program execution and non volatile memory 115 for
`Storage of program instructions 114 and System data. In
`addition, mobile communications device 100 includes input
`device 111, e.g., an alphanumeric keyboard, microphone or
`touch Screen, and output device 109, e.g., an LCD graphical
`display, earpiece, audible device, Visual device, or any other
`Such way to communicate information to the user.
`Mobile communications device 100 includes location
`determination system 117 by which mobile communications
`device 100 is able to accurately determine its current geo
`graphic location. Such determination may be made either
`from the network 102 or independently of network 102.
`Device 100 triggers the determination of its location. One
`well-known method to provide the location determination
`function would be to use a GPS (Global Positioning System)
`receiver which is able to receive Satellite Signals to deter
`mine the location to within approximately +/-10 meters.
`GPS is an example of a Self-contained location System.
`Another example of a Self-contained location System is a
`System that receives signals from short range wireleSS
`beacons, e.g., radio, acoustic or infrared beacons, which
`emit an identifying location signal to mobile communica
`tions devices 100 within range. As the user moves from
`place to place and enters the range of new beacons, the
`location of mobile communications device 100 may be
`updated. Many other implementations of location determi
`nation system 117, including the use of the time difference
`of arrival of a mobile signal at three or more base station
`Sites to triangulate the position of mobile communications
`device 100, are possible depending on the application.
`Mobile communications device 100 may be carried by a
`perSon or may be located in a car, boat, aircraft, train, or
`other conveyance.
`Once the location of device 100 has been determined,
`location resource Server 103 provides an electronic map or
`database of location based information Services to device
`100. The database can directly store information related to a
`location, or, alternatively, the database could store a resource
`locator Such as a telephone number or an email address.
`Location resource server 103 could both store the database
`and match the location of mobile communications device
`100 to available resources. Location resource server 103
`maintains the centralized record of geographic areas mapped
`to information or transactional Services. Location resource
`server 103 can download the database to mobile communi
`cations device 100 on a periodic basis, on request by the
`user, or by other events. The database can interact with user
`preferences that modify the behavior of mobile communi
`cations device 100 in encounters with location based infor
`mation Services. Preferences may be Stored on location
`resource server 103 or entered directly by a user into mobile
`communications device 100 by means of a user interface.
`The preferences may be uploaded via mobile communica
`tions device 100 and communication network 102 or modi
`fied via a user interface associated with location resource
`server 103, Such as a web server user interface.
`The user preferences modify the interaction with a loca
`tion based Service. The user preferences may include geo
`graphical information which provides a filter to eliminate
`any unnecessary information, e.g., information about a
`resource outside of the current geographic region of mobile
`communications device 100. Further, the user preferences
`may include an item Selection process. For instance, a user
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`INVENTION
`Referring now to the drawings and particularly to FIG. 1,
`a prior art mobile location based information System is
`shown. Mobile communications device 100 is in communi
`cation with communication network 102. The location of
`mobile communications device 100 is determined by mobile
`location determination system 101 which may be entirely
`network based. The time difference of arrival of the mobile
`Signal at three or more base Station Sites may be used to
`triangulate the position of mobile communications device
`100. Alternatively, mobile communications device 100 may
`be equipped with a Self-contained location determination
`capability; for example, GPS (Global Positioning System).
`Location technologies could use both measurements made
`by mobile communications device 100 and mobile location
`determination system 101 to determine the location of
`mobile communications device 100.
`The location of mobile communications device 100 is
`passed via communication network 102 to location to infor
`mation matching system 106 which matches the location of
`the user to available information for that location. Informa
`tion server 104 provides information to the user via com
`munication network 102. The information may be provided
`to mobile communications device 100 by the passing of a
`unified resource locator (URL) or other pointer, Such as a
`telephone number, from location to information matching
`system 106. Mobile communications device 100 may then
`directly contact information server 104 through communi
`cation network 102.
`FIG. 2 is a preferred embodiment of a mobile distributed
`location based information Service System. Mobile commu
`nications device 100 communicates with communication
`network 102 via wireless base stations 140 and wireless link
`141. Mobile communications device 100 can be a mobile
`phone, pager, wireleSS equipped portable data assistant
`(PDA), personal computer, or other suitable device. Mobile
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`may set his preferences to forbid any information that would
`be pushed to him regarding the location of an ATM or
`restaurant. A time preference may also be utilized by a user
`of mobile communications device 100. If the user is at work
`from the hours of 9 A.M. to 5 P.M., for instance, he may not
`want any information to be pushed to him. The number of
`items pushed to a user could also be controlled with user
`preferences. For example, if while in a certain location there
`are 5000 restaurants, a user preference could truncate the
`number of items presented to facilitate use of the informa
`tion. The preferences may further accept or reject categories,
`or eliminate Service types (push/pull). Additional device
`preferences may include device limitations Such as Storage
`availability for downloaded maps, and user interface limi
`tations which further modify the unique location database
`records for a particular mobile communications device 100.
`By providing an enhanced match of device location to
`available information Service on mobile communications
`device 100 through the use of user preferences, network
`interaction is minimized, latency effects are reduced, and the
`power used by the positioning System on the mobile device
`can be reduced. Furthermore, downloaded map information
`may be Suitable to provide for the variable System loading in
`mobile networks where low System loading may be used
`overnight to download new map database information;
`therefore minimizing real-time network interaction during
`heavier usage periods.
`Once equipped with location determination System 117
`and the downloaded electronic Service/geographic database,
`mobile communications device 100 is able to autonomously
`match its location to available information Services. This
`embodiment is well-Suited to opportunistic or push Services
`which may require a rapid response to alert the user to a new
`location match. The location database and current location
`information is immediately available on mobile communi
`cations device 100. Mobile communications device 100 has
`memory 113, which can Store a downloaded map, and
`processor 112, which operates on the basis of algorithms to
`interpret the downloaded map. Processor 112 takes control
`of location determination System 117 and informs the algo
`rithms where the device is at any one time. Interaction with
`communication network 102 is not required to communicate
`current geographic location or receive information relating
`to a location, thereby decreasing communication latency.
`All or part of the electronic Service/geographic location
`database could be copied into mobile communications
`45
`device 100. The amount of data stored by mobile commu
`nications device 100 can vary and depends on the available
`Storage, the number of unique geographic locations, and
`network parameterS Such as communication latency and
`bandwidth capability. All or part of the location database
`could be downloaded to mobile communications device 100
`using any Suitable protocol over wireleSS link 141. In a
`cellular wireless system, the method could include SMS
`(short message Service), WAP (wireless access protocol), or
`other protocol over a circuit Switched network or packet data
`link. The update of a new map portion could be triggered by
`Several processes. In a cellular System, the update could be
`triggered by registration with the cell which is in commu
`nication with mobile communications device 100. Another
`proceSS updates the location of mobile communications
`device 100 on a periodic basis using location determination
`System 117; thus triggering the download of a new map
`Section if mobile communications device 100 had moved to
`a location requiring a new map database fragment. The
`update could also be triggered when user preference data
`base records are updated, when mobile communications
`device 100 is turned on or off, or upon user request.
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`By further reference to FIG. 2, location resource server
`103 includes a computer System with non Volatile Storage
`124, e.g., fixed disk Storage, Stored programs, or data
`relating to location and Services, memory 122; programs
`121; processor 120 which executeS program instructions,
`and port 123 which connects location resource server 103 to
`communication network 102. Information server 104
`includes a computer System with non Volatile Storage 134,
`e.g., fixed disk Storage, Stored programs, or data relating to
`Services and information; memory 132, programs 131, pro
`ceSSor 130 which executeS program instructions, and port
`133 which connects information server 104 to communica
`tion network 102. Communication network 102 may be a
`packet Switched or circuit Switched network, e.g., the public
`switched telephone network (PSTN) or the Internet. Infor
`mation relating to a particular geographic location could be
`served to mobile communications device 100 by any number
`of information servers 104 which are connected to commu
`nication network 102. Information server 104 can hold
`additional information about a particular location which
`cannot be completely Stored in the individual records in
`location resource server 103. The information used by
`mobile communications device 100 could be the URL for an
`HTTP (web server) or WAP (wireless access protocol)
`Server. In an alternative embodiment, location resource
`server 103 and information server 104 may be combined
`into a Single System.
`FIG. 3 is a map which depicts information to location
`match areas. The map includes latitude and longitude coor
`dinate axes, but other coordinate Systems may be used to
`define the unique locations relevant to a particular informa
`tion Service. Information to location match areas are denoted
`by areas 150,151,152, and 153. Four (4) unique information
`or transactional Services could be defined as relevant to the
`areas. For example, area 150 could define an area around a
`shop which desires to broadcast an advertisement to mobile
`devices carried by pedestrians who walk within area 150.
`Area 151 may be a bus station which desires to make
`available a bus timetable to mobile users inquiring about bus
`schedules while in area 151. Area 152 could be an airport
`which desires to broadcast continually updated gate infor
`mation to users inside the terminal. In addition, information
`to location match areas may overlap; thus defining layered
`regional and local Services. Area 153 defines a regional area
`by Substantially overlapping areas 150, 151, and 152. In
`each area, a unique Set of latitude and longitude data can
`describe the area associated with an information Service.
`Once a mobile device is determined to be within a defined
`area, an action may be triggered. The type of action or result
`may be determined by the information associated with the
`location.
`FIG. 4 is a flowchart which illustrates how an electronic
`Service/geographic location database is provided to mobile
`communications device 100 and subsequently used for
`mobile location Service provisioning. Location resource
`Server 103 includes elements 200 and 202. Element 200
`contains the user preferences for Service interaction as well
`as data for mobile communications device 100. The user
`preferences for Service interaction include those described
`above. The data for mobile communications device 100
`includes user interface limitations, Storage limitations, and
`connection limitations. Element 202 includes the location
`based Service data record(s). The location based Service data
`record includes geographic location area definitions, the
`type of information-push or pull; information associated
`with the location, e.g., a URL, other resource locators or data
`asSociated with the location; and information categories
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`Snap's Exhibit No. 1013
`Page 0010
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`US 6,879,838 B2
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`Such as “restaurant' and “Chinese.” Elements 200 and 202
`are combined in step S1 via paths P4 and P5 to form a
`location Service database map. Once Step S1 is complete,
`Step S2 is initiated which downloads the database map to
`mobile communications device 100 via link L1. The initia
`tion of Step S2 can be accomplished with Several procedures.
`Step S2 may be infrequent or occur on a periodic cycle Such
`as hourly or daily; step S2 may be initiated when mobile
`communications device 100 moves outside the boundaries
`of the existing Stored map database; Step S2 may be initiated
`when user preferences held by location resource server 103
`are updated; Step S2 may be initiated with a time-based
`trigger or when mobile communications device 100 is turned
`on or off, Step S2 may be initiated when a user requests
`information or a location based Service data record update is
`required; or Step S2 might also, for example, be initiated by
`the mobile device crossing the boundary between two wide
`area network cells. The above procedures are illustrative
`only and are not intended as limitations on the types of
`procedures which may be used.
`The downloaded information is sent via link L1 to mobile
`communications device 100 at which time step S3 is initi
`ated. Step S3 initiates an internal Scan for information
`services. Element 204 includes user preferences held on
`mobile communications device 100. The user preferences
`are additional preferences which are held locally on mobile
`communications device 100 and include items such as short
`term preference modifications, private preferences, and fre
`quently updated preferences and profile data Such as a phone
`book and push alert choices. Element 204 inputs the user
`preferences through path P3 into step S3. Step S4 is then
`initiated to check for the current location of mobile com
`munications device 100. Step S4 occurs frequently on a
`Second or minute based cycle when Searching for push
`services. Step S5 is then initiated to compare the new
`location to the local map database. Step S6 then decides
`whether service is available for the current location. If no
`service is available, the process continues to step S9. Step S9
`provides return path P6 to step S3 based on a location search
`algorithm found in mobile communications device 100. Step
`S9 modifies the Search frequency according to the algorithm
`and the inputs, e.g., Service density, mobile device Speed,
`location accuracy available, and Service geographic match
`area. If a service is available, step S7 is initiated which
`includes a matching filter to compare the Service against the
`local preference information derived from element 204. Step
`S8 chooses an action based on the information record for
`location and the matching filter output from step S7. If no
`action is required, the process goes to Step S9 via path P7.
`If information is in the local data record, step S10 is initiated
`via path P1 to present the available information to the user.
`If additional information is needed, step S11 is initiated via
`path P2 to request additional information from a remote
`information server 104 via communication network 102.
`FIG. 5 is a Schematic representation of a location deter
`mination process using a mathematical prediction algorithm.
`The location of mobile communications device 100 is mea
`Sured using location determination System 117 described
`above. At time T, mobile communications device 100 is
`found to be at point A with Cartesian coordinates (x,y). At
`time T-t, mobile communications device 100 is found to be
`at point B with coordinates (x+a, y+b). A simple algorithm
`based on the assumption that mobile communications device
`100 is travelling in a straight line is used to predict the
`location of mobile communications device 100; therefore,
`mobile communications device 100 is predicted to be at
`point C with coordinates (x+2a, y+2b) at time T-2t. The
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`algorithm may be modified by additional measurements
`from location determination system 117 which produces a
`value for positional error E. Point D indicates the actual
`location of mobile communications device 100 at time T-2t.
`Well-known mathematical techniques may be used with the
`measurements to predict and interpolate the position of
`mobile communications device 100 over time. These may
`include, for instance, Second- or higher-order interpolation
`Schemes, inverse interpolation methods, data averaging and
`Smoothing techniques to reduce the influence of Small
`directional or velocity fluctuations of the path of the mobile
`device. The rate of location updating may be modified
`within the algorithm. Also, the algorithm may fit the path of
`mobile communications device 100 to alternative predicted
`paths. The algorithm to predict location may use a numb