SG24-4755-00
`
`Local Area Network Concepts and Products:
`Routers and Gateways
`
`May 1996
`
`Page 1 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`Page 2 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`Page 2 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`IBML
`
`International Technical Support Organization
`
`SG24-4755-00
`
`Local Area Network Concepts and Products:
`Routers and Gateways
`
`May 1996
`
`Page 3 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`Take Note!
`
`Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information in
`Appendix A, “Special Notices” on page 265.
`
`First Edition (May 1996)
`
`This edition applies to the most recent IBM LAN products and LAN architectures.
`
`Comments may be addressed to:
`IBM Corporation, International Technical Support Organization
`Dept. HZ8 Building 678
`P.O. Box 12195
`Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2195
`
`When you send information to IBM, you grant IBM a non-exclusive right to use or distribute the information in any
`way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you.
`
` Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1996. All rights reserved.
`Note to U.S. Government Users — Documentation related to restricted rights — Use, duplication or disclosure is
`subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
`
`Page 4 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`(cid:211)
`

`

`Contents
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Preface
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
`. vii
`How This Redbook Is Organized
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` viii
`The Team That Wrote This Redbook
`ix
`Comments Welcome
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Chapter 1. LAN Interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`1
` 1
`1.1 LAN End Nodes
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`1
`1.2 Intermediate Nodes
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
` 2
`1.3 IBM LAN Bridge Programs
`.
` 3
`1.3.1 Bridge Product Positioning
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`4
`1.3.2 Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`4
`1.3.3 Systems Management
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
` 4
`1.4 IBM Local Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
` 4
`1.5 IBM Remote Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`.
`.
` 5
`1.6 IBM LANStreamer Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
` 5
`1.7 IBM LAN Bridge Manager/2 Version 1.0
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 6
`1.8 IBM Frame Relay Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
` 8
`1.9 IBM LAN-to-LAN WAN Program (LTLW)
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 10
`1.9.1 Many-to-One or One-to-Many
`.
`.
`. 10
`1.9.2 LU 6.2 Sessions
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 11
`1.9.3 LTLW V1.07 and ELTLW V1.01
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`1.9.4 LTLW Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
`1.10 RouteXpander/2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
`1.10.1 Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
`1.10.2 Technical Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
`1.10.3 Network Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
`. 19
`1.10.4 RouteXpander/2 Interoperability
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`1.10.5 Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
`. 20
`1.10.6 RouteXpander/2 (RXR/2) Features
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 21
`1.11 IBM AnyNet Product Family
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
`1.11.1 IBM AnyNet
`1.11.2 Customer Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
`. 23
`1.11.3 Multiprotocol Transport Networking (MPTN)
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 24
`1.11.4 NetBIOS
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
`1.11.5 NetBEUI
`. 24
`1.11.6 Positioning AnyNet/2 NetBEUI over SNA with LTLW .
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 27
`1.11.7 AnyNet/2 Version 2.0.2
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`1.11.8 AnyNet/6000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
`1.11.9 AnyNet/400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
`. 29
`1.11.10 VTAM Version 4 Release 2 AnyNet Feature
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 30
`1.11.11 AnyNet/2 Sockets Over SNA Gateway Version 1.1.6
`. 31
`1.11.12 AnyNet SNA over TCP/IP Gateway for OS/2
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 32
`1.11.13 AnyNet IPX over SNA Gateway for OS/2
`.
`. 32
`1.11.14 AnyNet APPC over TCP/IP for Windows
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
`1.11.15 AnyNet Advantages
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Chapter 2. Bridges and Routers
`. 37
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`2.1 Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
`2.1.1 Simple Bridges
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
`2.1.2 Complex Bridges
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
`2.1.3 Local Bridges
`
` Copyright IBM Corp. 1996
`
`iii
`
`Page 5 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`(cid:211)
`

`

`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`2.1.4 Remote Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
`2.1.5 Bridging Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
`2.2 Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
`2.2.1 Packet
`. 49
`2.2.2 Routing Table Maintenance Protocols
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 50
`2.3 Performance in Routers
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 51
`2.3.1 Performance in a Router Network
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 54
`2.3.2 Relationship Between Response Time, Throughput, and Utilization
`2.3.3 Performance Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
`. 59
`2.4 To Route or to Bridge?
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`2.4.1 Router Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
`2.4.2 Bridge Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
`. 61
`2.5 IBM 8229 LAN Bridge
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 61
`2.5.1 Identifying the 8229 Front Panel
`. 62
`2.5.2 Identifying the Attachment Module
`. 66
`2.5.3 Operation in General
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 68
`2.5.4 IBM 8229 Utility Program .
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 69
`2.5.5 Details of IBM 8229 Token-Ring to Ethernet Use
`. 71
`2.5.6 IBM 8229 Token-Ring to WAN Connectivity
`.
`.
`. 74
`2.5.7 Frame Format and Address Conversion
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`2.5.8 8229 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
`. 84
`2.6 IBM 2210 Nways Multiprotocol Router
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 84
`2.6.1 Models of the IBM 2210
`.
`.
`.
`.
`. 86
`2.6.2 Indicators on the IBM 2210
`.
`.
`.
`. 87
`2.6.3 The Reset Button on the IBM 2210
`.
`. 87
`2.6.4 Networks Supported by the IBM 2210
`. 88
`2.6.5 Accessing the IBM 2210
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`2.6.6 Software Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
`2.6.7 MRNS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
`. 98
`2.6.8 The IBM 2210 As an IP Router
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 109
`2.6.9 Data Link Switching
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 112
`2.6.10 Features and Facilities
` 119
`2.7 IBM 6611 Router
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`2.7.1 Hardware Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
`2.7.2 Multiprotocol Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
` 127
`2.7.3 Bridging with IBM 6611
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 140
`2.7.4 Data Link Switching
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 149
`2.7.5 IBM 6611 Network Processor Enhancements - Release 4
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Chapter 3. LAN Gateways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
` 152
`3.1 S/390 Open Systems Adapter
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`3.2 3172 Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
` 159
`3.2.1 3172 LAN-To-Host Mode
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 165
`3.2.2 3172 WAN-to-Host Mode
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`3.3 3174 Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
`3.3.1 SNA Environment
` 175
`3.3.2 TCP/IP Environment
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
`3.4 3745/3746-9x0 Gateway
` 181
`3.4.1 3745/3746-9x0 Models
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 183
`3.4.2 IBM 3746-9x0 Connectivity
` 184
`3.4.3 3745 SNA Environment
`.
` 186
`3.4.4 3745 TCP/IP Environment
`.
`.
`.
` 188
`3.4.5 3746-9x0 SNA/APPN Environment
` 190
`3.4.6 3746-9x0 TCP/IP Environment
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`3.5 RISC System/6000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`iv
`
`LAN Concepts and Products: Routers and Gateways
`
`Page 6 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`3.5.1 AIX TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
` 193
`3.5.2 AIX SNA Server/6000
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 195
`3.5.3 AIX SNA Gateway/6000 .
` 196
`3.5.4 SNA Application Access
`.
`.
` 199
`3.5.5 SNA Client Access for AIX .
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`3.5.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
` 200
`3.6 2217 Nways Multiprotocol Concentrator
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`3.6.1 Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
` 202
`3.6.2 Release 2 Enhancements
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
`3.6.3 Hardware Description
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
`3.6.4 SNA Support
`3.6.5 LAN Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
`3.7 PC Gateways
`3.8 PC/3270 Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
` 214
`3.8.1 Gateway Status Utility
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`3.9 IBM Communications Server for OS/2 Warp, Version 4.0 (CommServer)
` 215
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
`3.9.1 SNA Gateway
` 217
`3.9.2 Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN)
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`3.9.3 Multiprotocol Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
`3.9.4 Emulator Support
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Chapter 4. Remote LAN Access
` 221
`.
`.
`.
` 221
`4.1 Remote LAN Access Environments
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`4.1.1 Remote-to-Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
`4.1.2 Remote-to-LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
`4.1.3 LAN-to-Remote
`4.1.4 LAN-to-LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
` 224
`4.2 Remote LAN Access Technologies
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 224
`4.2.1 Remote Control Approach
`.
`.
` 225
`4.2.2 Remote Client Approach
` 226
`4.2.3 Remote Node Approach
` 226
`4.3 IBM LAN Distance
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`4.3.1 Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
` 228
`4.3.2 Components and Environments
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 231
`4.3.3 Connections, Interfaces and Applications
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`4.3.4 Key Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
` 233
`4.4
`IBM 8235 Dial-In Access to LAN Servers
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 234
`4.4.1 8235 System Components
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 234
`4.4.2 Dial-In Access to LAN Servers (DIALs) Client Software
` 235
`4.4.3 IBM 8235 New Features
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 239
`4.4.4 What is Virtual Connection?
`.
` 239
`4.4.5 What is Channel Aggregation?
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`4.4.6 Management Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
`4.4.7 8235 Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
`4.4.8 Models Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
`4.4.9 Communication Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
`4.4.10 Supported Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
`4.4.11 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
` 258
`4.4.12 The Activity Logger
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
` 259
`4.5 Distributed Console Access Facility (DCAF)
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`4.5.1 Product Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
`4.5.2 Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
`4.5.3 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
`4.6 LANHOP/6000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
`4.6.1 Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`Contents
`
`v
`
`Page 7 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`4.6.2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
`4.6.3 Technical Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
`
`Appendix A. Special Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
`
`Appendix B. Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
` 269
`B.1 International Technical Support Organization Publications
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`B.2 Other Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
`
`How To Get ITSO Redbooks
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`How IBM Employees Can Get ITSO Redbooks
`How Customers Can Get ITSO Redbooks
`.
`.
`IBM Redbook Order Form .
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
`.
`
` 271
` 271
` 272
` 273
`
`Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
`
`vi
`
`LAN Concepts and Products: Routers and Gateways
`
`Page 8 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`Preface
`
`Local Area Network Concepts and Products is a set of four reference books for
`those looking for conceptual and product-specific information in the LAN
`environment. They provide a technical introduction to the various types of IBM
`local area network architectures and product capabilities. The four volumes are
`as follows:
`
`• SG24-4753-00 - LAN Architecture
`
`• SG24-4754-00 - LAN Adapters, Hubs and ATM
`
`• SG24-4755-00 - Routers and Gateways
`
`• SG24-4756-00 - LAN Operating Systems and Management
`
`To obtain all four books, order the set SK2T-1306.
`
`These redbooks complement the reference material available for the products
`discussed. Much of the information detailed in these books is available through
`current redbooks and IBM sales and reference manuals.
`It is therefore assumed
`that the reader will refer to these sources for more in-depth information if
`required.
`
`These documents are intended for customers, IBM technical professionals,
`services specialists, marketing specialists, and marketing representatives
`working in networking and in particular the local area network environments.
`Details on installation and performance of particular products will not be
`included in these books, as this information is available from other sources.
`
`Some knowledge of local area networks, as well as an awareness of the rapidly
`changing intelligent workstation environment, is assumed.
`
`How This Redbook Is Organized
`The redbook is organized as follows:
`
`• Chapter 1, “LAN Interconnection”
`
`This chapter describes LAN interconnection techniques and products
`available to provide this function.
`
`• Chapter 2, “Bridges and Routers”
`
`This chapter describes bridges and routers and their functions in the LAN
`environment.
`
`• Chapter 3, “LAN Gateways”
`
`The chapter describes LAN gateways and the methods and functions of each
`type.
`• Chapter 4, † Remote LAN Access†
`
`This chapter describes remote LAN access technology and products
`including the 8235 and the IBM LAN Distance product.
`
` Copyright IBM Corp. 1996
`
`vii
`
`Page 9 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`(cid:211)
`

`

`The Team That Wrote This Redbook
`This redbook was produced by a team of specialists from around the world
`working at the International Technical Support Organization Raleigh Center.
`
`The advisors for this project were:
`
`Ricardo Haragutchi
`International Technical Support Organization, Raleigh
`
`John Parker
`International Technical Support Organization, Raleigh
`
`The authors of this document were:
`
`Edmilson Barbosa
`IBM Brazil
`
`Ingvar Hyleborg
`IBM Sweden
`
`Jefferson da Silva
`IBM/GSI Brazil
`
`Klaus Wichmann
`ITSO Raleigh
`
`Marcello Belloni Gomes
`IBM Brazil
`
`Thanks to the following people for their invaluable advice and guidance provided
`in the production of this document:
`
`Toshi Shimizu
`International Technical Support Organization, Austin
`
`Aroldo Yai
`Barry Nusbaum
`Donna Fox
`Fergus Stewart
`Jose Boo
`Juan Rodriguez
`Mark DeCain
`Mohammad Shabani
`Robert Macgregor
`Stephen Breese
`Volkert Kreuk
`International Technical Support Organization, Raleigh
`
`Alan Millard
`Arthur Bond
`Bert Wendle
`Carol Carson
`Dean Stockwell
`Erik Dixon
`H. Parrish
`
`viii
`
`LAN Concepts and Products: Routers and Gateways
`
`Page 10 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`Paul Carter
`IBM Research Triangle Park, Raleigh NC.
`
`Comments Welcome
`We want our redbooks to be as helpful as possible. Should you have any
`comments about this or other redbooks, please send us a note at the following
`address:
`
`redbook@vnet.ibm.com
`
`Your comments are important to us!
`
`Preface
`
`ix
`
`Page 11 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`x
`
`LAN Concepts and Products: Routers and Gateways
`
`Page 12 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`Chapter 1. LAN Interconnection
`
`This chapter discusses the products and methods used to interconnect LANs of
`various types. Local and remote bridging as well as routing techniques are
`discussed. For LAN Gateway functions please refer to Chapter 2 of Local Area
`Network Concepts and Products: LAN Adapters, Hubs and ATM, SG24-4754.
`
`1.1 LAN End Nodes
`LAN end nodes attach to a single LAN in an internetwork. End nodes are
`typically general purpose computing devices such as host computers, servers,
`and workstations.
`
`End nodes do not provide interconnectivity between networks, nor do they
`participate in any exchange of information about the topology of an internetwork.
`
`End nodes that only support physical and data link layer protocols may exchange
`data with other end nodes directly over a network, while those that also support
`a network layer protocol may use intermediate nodes to access end nodes on
`remote networks in an internetwork. In the latter case, the end nodes must be
`configured with internetwork topology information, or be capable of automatically
`receiving it from intermediate nodes.
`
`1.2 Intermediate Nodes
`Intermediate nodes connect two or more networks and allow information to be
`exchanged between them. Very often they exchange information about network
`topology or information that allows network reconfiguration in the event of
`failure. Intermediate nodes provide the glue that connects individual networks
`into an internetwork.
`
`Four types of intermediate nodes are available. They are:
`
`• Repeaters that electrically regenerate, retime and forward all packets
`between the networks to which they are attached.
`
`• Bridges that selectively forward data between networks, based on the
`MAC sublayer destination address or control information in each packet.
`
`• Routers that selectively forward data between networks, based on the
`network layer destination address in each packet.
`
`• Gateways that selectively forward packets between different network
`environments, for example, systems network architecture (SNA) and
`open systems interconnect (OSI).
`
`Each intermediate node implements different levels of the OSI Reference Model
`(see Figure 1 on page 2).
`
` Copyright IBM Corp. 1996
`
`1
`
`Page 13 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`(cid:211)
`

`

`Figure 1. The OSI Model - Repeaters, Bridges, Routers and Gateways
`
`Repeaters implement physical layer standards only. They are transparent to
`protocols above the physical layer and act as physical layer relays.
`
`Bridges implement physical and data link layer standards. They are transparent
`to protocols above the data link layer and act as data link layer relays.
`
`Routers implement physical, data link and network layer standards. They are
`transparent to protocols above the network layer and act as network layer
`relays.
`
`Gateways are considered application layer relays between network
`environments. They must implement all seven layers of the OSI Reference
`Model.
`
`While all four nodes act as intermediate nodes, normally only bridges and
`routers are referred to as intermediate nodes. Indeed many would disagree with
`this definition and use the term intermediate node to refer only to routers.
`
`1.3 IBM LAN Bridge Programs
`IBM has announced the following five new bridge programs:
`
`•
`
`•
`
`•
`
`•
`
`•
`
`IBM LANStreamer Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`
`IBM LAN Bridge Manager/2 Version 1.0
`
`IBM Local Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`
`IBM Remote Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`
`IBM Frame Relay Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`
`2
`
`LAN Concepts and Products: Routers and Gateways
`
`Page 14 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`The IBM LANStreamer Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 provides high
`performance throughput when combined with the LANStreamer 32-bit adapter in
`a local token-ring environment.
`It also allows the hop count to be increased
`from the previous limit of seven to a maximum of thirteen.
`
`The IBM LAN Bridge Manager/2 Version 1.0 enables distributed installation,
`setup and management of IBM Token-Ring bridge program products (IBM 8209
`excluded). The IBM LAN Bridge Manager/2 Version 1.0 implements a Bridge
`Manager station which manages a client/server relationship with existing server
`and bridge clients. Bridges and their resources can now be managed remotely.
`Existing network management functions between LAN Network Manager Version
`1.1 and IBM bridges are not affected.
`
`The IBM Local Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 replaces the current local
`bridge program product. This new local bridge provides identical function to the
`local bridge provided in the IBM Token-Ring Network Bridge Program Version
`2.2. The new, lower priced IBM Local Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`provides an efficient, cost effective local bridging solution for connecting and
`segmenting token-ring networks.
`
`The IBM Remote Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 replaces the current
`remote bridge program product. A single license now supports both halves of a
`remote bridge. Remote dial function is included.
`
`This new remote bridge provides enhancements to the remote bridge provided
`in the IBM Token-Ring Network Bridge Program Version 2.2, including:
`
`• Support for full T1 (1.544 Mbps) or full E1 (2.048 Mbps) line speeds when
`using the High-Speed Communications Co-Processor/2 Adapter.
`
`• Communication adapter transmit buffer depth is increased from 64 KB to 256
`KB. Remote bridge performance is improved through enhanced buffering of
`bursty traffic.
`
`• Two new bridge filters.
`
`IBM Remote Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 is equivalent to PTF 37463 and
`IBM Remote Bridge Program 2.2. The new, lower priced IBM Remote
`Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 provides an efficient, cost effective remote
`bridging solution for connecting remote token-ring networks.
`
`IBM Frame Relay Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 provides WAN
`communications to support multiple remote customer locations with a wide
`range of bandwiths. It provides bridge filters and fully supports LAN Network
`Manager bridge management functions.
`
`1.3.1 Bridge Product Positioning
`Separate local and remote bridge products offer price advantages over the
`Token-Ring Network Bridge Program Version 2.2. A single IBM Remote
`Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 program license now installs the primary
`and secondary halves of the remote bridge pair.
`If high-speed performance is
`not required for some LAN segments, then these products are very competitive
`in the token-ring environment.
`
`If high-speed performance is the major requirement, the LANStreamer
`Token-Ring Bridge, together with the LANStreamer 32-bit adapter, provide the
`highest throughput performance attainable in a token-ring environment.
`
`Chapter 1. LAN Interconnection
`
`3
`
`Page 15 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`1.3.2 Highlights
`
`The Bridge Manager saves the duplication of skills that are required to manage
`and maintain bridges in various locations.
`It provides the mechanism to
`distribute code and run the token-ring bridge applications from a central
`location.
`
`• The IBM Local Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 provides an efficient, cost
`effective local bridging solution for connecting and segmenting token-ring
`networks.
`
`• The IBM Remote Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 includes both halves
`and provides enhancements for full T1 line speed support and improved
`performance through enhanced buffering of bursty traffic.
`
`• The IBM LANStreamer Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 provides
`high-speed performance when combined with the LANStreamer 32-bit
`adapter and allows increased hop counts.
`
`• The IBM LAN Bridge Manager/2 provides two major functions, centralized
`software distribution and bridge management.
`
`• The IBM Frame Relay Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 provides low cost,
`affordable WAN communication for telecommunication lines and bridge
`hardware.
`
`1.3.3 Systems Management
`The IBM LAN Bridge Manager/2 Version 1.0 allows remote, centralized
`management of IBM Token-Ring bridges across multisegmented networks. The
`Bridge Manager is designed to allow LAN administrators to be more productive
`by automating and centralizing the tasks associated with setting up, installing,
`modifying and managing the bridge application. All of IBM¢ s Token-Ring bridge
`products are fully supported by LAN Network Manager. The Bridge Manager
`further enhances the networking capability of the bridges running in a PS/2 by
`providing faster response and increased functionality in a token-ring
`environment.
`
`1.4 IBM Local Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`The local bridge is a source-routing bridge that connects two adjacent
`token-rings operating at 4 or 16 Mbps.
`It supports communications with up to
`four IBM LAN Network Manager programs. The IBM LAN Network Manager
`collects information, such as network performance data, and forwards alerts to
`an IBM NetView host. All other functions supported in the IBM Token-Ring
`Network Bridge Program Version 2.2 are included in this program.
`
`1.5 IBM Remote Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`The remote bridge is a source-routing bridge which connects distant token-rings
`via dedicated or multiplexed data communication links with speeds from 9.6
`Kbps to 2.048 Mbps, including T1 speeds of 1.544 Mbps. Each remote bridge
`interfaces to a WAN link via a synchronous modem, DSU/CSU, T1 multiplexer or
`statistical multiplexer. This program contains both the primary and secondary
`halves of the remote bridge pair. The remote bridge program can communicate
`with up to four IBM LAN Network Manager programs, which collect information,
`such as network performance data and forwards alerts to an IBM NetView host.
`
`4
`
`LAN Concepts and Products: Routers and Gateways
`
`Page 16 of 300
`
`Implicit Exhibit 2011
`Juniper v. Implicit
`
`

`

`The communications adapter transmit buffer depth has been increased from 64
`KB to 256 KB, which improves performance through enhanced buffering of bursty
`traffic. All other functions, including the remote dial application, are the same as
`those in the IBM Token-Ring Network Bridge Program Version 2.2.
`
`1.6 IBM LANStreamer Token-Ring Bridge/DOS Version 1.0
`The LANStreamer bridge is a source-routing high-speed local bridge that
`connects adjacent token-ring LANs. With the support of the LANStreamer 32 MC
`adapter, the adapter bottleneck has been eliminated, and the bridge
`performance is determined by the speed of the PS/2 processor. A high end
`processor is able to approach media speed performance; however, it can also
`run on various other processors, and the small frame performance is at least
`two times greater than that currently achieved on the IBM Local Token-Ring
`Bridge/DOS Version 1.0 and the IBM Token-Ring Network Bridge Program
`Version 2.2. This bridge program also supports the full Route Information Field
`and is enabled for an increased hop count from the previous limit of seven to a
`maximum of thirteen. This allows addressing of a larger network, but to fully
`utilize this support, each end station and the LAN Network Manager must also
`have the increased hop count support. The LANStreamer bridge also provides a
`ring utilization counter. This function was previously obtained only by adding
`necessary additional equipment.
`
`The following additional functions are included:
`
`• Frame forwarding and adapter interface
`• Configuration parameter end user interface
`• Ring status display
`• Configuration report server
`• Ring parameter server
`• Ring error monitor
`• Accumulation and display of performance statistics
`• Support for frame-forward filtering
`• Ring utilization counter
`
`In addition, all previous local network functions provided in Token-Ring Network
`Bridge Version 2.2 are supported with this program. The LAN Network Manager
`functions are enhanced wi