United States Patent [191
`Van Wagoner
`
`[11] Patent Number: 4, 719, 723
`[45] Date of Patent: Jan. 19, 1988
`
`[54］ 百 四RMALLYEFFICIENT, PROTECTED
`MEMBRANE ROOFING SYSTEM
`
`[76] Inventor: Jo回 D.Van Wagoner, 8554
`Georgetown Pike, McLean, Va.
`22101
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 783,525
`
`Oct. 3, 1985
`[22] Filed:
`[51] Int.αJ…....・H ・......・H ・...E04B 5／伺； E倒 B7/00;
`B32B 5/32
`[52] U.S. α・………………・・・・・・・・…・・・ 52/15; 52/309.4;
`5z/412: 521302: 521伺 8
`[58] Field of Search …………….. 52/302, 303, 309.4,
`52/309.8, 309.9, 416, 417, 418, 419, 408, 15,
`472, 459
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`3,411,256 11/1968 Best ”・……………………… 521・伺 8
`3,598,688 8/1971 Bellamy……”・……………・ 52/302
`3,817,C均9 6/1974 Elder ………………………….. 52/199
`3,971,184 7/1976 Van Wagoner M ・M ・−−…−−……・ 52/515
`
`4,063,395 12/1977 Stewart………….......…… 52/309.8
`4,274,238 6/1981 0’Riordain…....・M ・..............52/408
`4,368,604 1/1983 Spielau….................………… 52/411
`4,651,494 3/1987 Van Wagoner ……......”....・..521593
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Sweet’S Catalog File 1979, 7.15 Be, pp. 9-11.
`h加 aryExaminer-John E. Murtagh
`Attomの1,Agent, or Firm-Bradford E. Kile
`
`[57]
`
`ABS'四 A口
`
`A thermally efficient, protected membrane roofing sys-
`tem for insulating the interior of a building including a
`water impermeable membrane (26) and an array of fac-
`tory assembled roofing panels including a drainage and
`insulation board (42), a vapor barrier course (44) and an
`insulation course （似＞）.The seams between adjacent
`roofing panels is covered with a water proof, but vapor
`permeable, tape （輔） and the panels are covered with a
`protective layer (50).
`
`6 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures
`
`10
`
`44
`42
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 1
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`

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`U.S. Patent Jan. 19, 1988
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`Sheet 1of2
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`4,719,723
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`FIG. I
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`10
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`12
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`10
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`FIG. 3
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`44
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`42
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`~4
`42
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`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 2
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`

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`U.S. Patent Jan. 19, 1988
`
`Sheet 2of2 4,719,723
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`52
`
`54
`
`FIG. 2
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`10
`
`FIG. 5
`60
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`64
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`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 3
`
`

`

`1
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`4,719,723
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`THERMALLY EFFICIENT, PROTECTED
`MEMBRANE ROOFING SYSTEM
`
`2
`In addition to water impermeability considerations
`environmental control criteria dictates internal isolation
`from thermal cycling which takes place at the exterior
`surface of a roof. More particularly the exterior surface
`RELATED APPLICATION
`5 of a roof may experience temperatures during midsum-
`This application is related to the subject matter of mer as high as 180° Fahrenheit while a winter cold front
`applic叩 t’sprior application U.S. Pat. No. 3,971,184 may drop the temperature溺 aslow鎚 20° or 30° below
`entitled“ 加 山.tedWater Impermeable Roofing Sys- zero. The interior surface of the roof, however, should
`tem” 岨dto the subject matter of applicant’s prior U.S. optimally be ma泊t組iedat a desired intenor tempera-
`Pat. No. 4,551,494 entitled “Insulation Panel For A 10 ture which typically is 65。to75・Fahrenheit.
`Roo i暗 SysteniOr the Like."
`In order to provide thermal protection, an initial
`practice entailed lining the interior surface of the roof
`with an insulation composition such as sprayed or lay-
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`This invention relates to an improved thermally effi- ered glass fibers, fiberboard, plastic foams and the like.
`cient protected membrane roofing system or the like for 15 While such insulation techniques operably reduced
`commerical buildings, deck structures and similar struc- thermal cycling problems it severely accentuated the
`tures. More particularly, this invention relates to a pro・ previouslyoutlined difficulties occurring with the felt
`tected membrane roofing system for insulating the inte・ andbituminous water ba町 ierby isolating the barrier
`rior of a building from ambient thermal cycling佃 dfor from a relatively stable interior temperature of the
`insur泊gwater impermeable integrity of the roofing 20 ・building structure. Accordingly, in the past it was not
`membrane.
`uncommon for roof membranes to require considerable
`The basic concept of a roof is to act in cooperation attention and short term replacement.
`with wall surfaces to form an enclosed space which may
`A significant advance was made in the roofing indus-
`be isolated from an ambient environment and thus may 25 try when it was determined that姐 insulationcourse
`be temperature and humidity reg叫ated泊 accordance could be installed exteriorly on top of the felt and bitu-
`mmo田 waterbarner. The exterior insulation provided
`with intended utilization.
`A threshold or common denominator of almost all a building with isolation from thermal gradients and
`controlled environments is to maintain the enclosure in concomitantly physically protected the felt and bitumi-
`essen討allya water tight or dry condition. Accordingly 30 nous waterproofmg barrier from environmental and
`over the years the roofmg ind凶 tryhぉ attemptedto physical abuse.
`Inthe above connection, an insulated roof membrane
`maintain a water tight or water impermeable roof con・
`dition by building a water impermeable barrier，泊 situ, assembly which has attained at least a degree of indus-
`upon a roof substructure or deck. Such a water barrier t可 recognitioncomprise a water barrier of felt and
`h鎚 typicallyassumed the configuration of a 1釘 ninar35 bituminous lamination which is built up, in situ, in a
`composite comprising a plurality of bituminous felt manner鎚 previouslydiscussed. A hot course ofbitumi-
`layer冨 withintercalated courses of mopped on bitumi- nous compound is then mopped upon the final layer of
`felt and generally rectangular panels of polystyrene釘 e
`no田 composition.
`In many previously known installations, bituminous laid over the membrane. The polystyrene insulating
`compound紅 rivesat a job site in solid cylinders. The 40 members釘 eloosely abutted adjacent each other to
`cylinders are melted in a heater and the hot liquid is permit a peripheral drainage channel and a heavy
`then carried in buckets to a roof deck where it is course of aggregate is applied directly upon the upper
`mop戸 donto a previously prepared roof substructure. surface of the thermal ins叫atingmembers to hold the
`A roll of bitum泊ousimpregnated felt paper is then members in place阻 disolate the insulation surface from
`carried to the roof and unrolled upon the hot bitw凶・ 45ultra-violet degradation.
`nous compound which binds the felt to the roof deck.
`Although the above and similar systems have
`Three or more courses are then b凶ltup over the entire achieved a wide degree of industry utilization, room for
`roof struct町 ・e.τ'hejob is finished with a layer of top- significant improvement remains. In this regard, little
`ping gravel. The gravel weights down the felt courses attention has been directed in the p鎚 t,to the combina-
`and also serves as a shield to minimize ultra-violet deg-so tion effects of three interrelated factors: (1) external
`radation of the felt and bitllnlinous membranes.
`standing water, (2) external moisture, and (3) internal
`Although water凶 permeableroofmg membranes, as moisture vapor driven from the interior of a building
`previously noted, have been widely utilized in the roof- outward. These three factors must be concomitantly
`泊g泊dustrysubstantial disadvantages have been occa・ addressedand accommodated in order to achieve a
`sioned. In this connection, elevated roof temperatures 55 thermally efficient roof.
`may vaporize volatile components in the bituminous
`Previously known systems, have been designed to
`compound. The compound then tends to harden and specifically channel water from rain or melting snow
`crack in a checkered or “allegator” 釘ray.Moreover as from the top surface of the insulation down to the roof-
`the bituminous compound becomes hot during the sum- ing membrane where the water travels across the mem-
`mer months the overlay course of gravel tends to sink 60 brane to roof drains. These prior systems promote the
`into the membrane. Further, prior roofing systems often passage of water freely either thru the insulation or thru
`developed vapor blisters, splitting or ridging. Similar the joints in the insulation onto the roofmg membrane.
`problems of accelerated aging occur with elasto-plastic As a result of such prior construction, buildings cov-
`membranes where the roofmg membrane is placed on ered with these roofmg systems loose a significant
`top of insulation.
`65 amount of heat energy in the winter as the water travels
`The above factors each tended to create water seep- over the membrane surface to the roof drains. It is be-
`age difficulties which ultimately rendered the water- lieved that at least a 12% increase in insulation thickness
`proofing system unsuitable for its intended pu叩ose.
`would be required to offset such energy loss in Sweden.
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 4
`
`

`

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`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 5
`
`

`

`4,719,723
`
`CONTEXT OF THE INVENTION
`
`6
`5
`course, the tendency of such water to float the compos- ever, it may be useful to address the operating context
`ite panel is minimized.
`of the invention.
`The initial course also provides a degree of insulation
`for the underlying water impermeable membrane. The
`closed cell insulation course, however, has a higher 5 Referring now particularly to FIG. 1, an axonometric
`R-rating and provid凶 theprimary insulation character- view can be seen of a general operative environment of
`istic of the composite roofing system. The moisture the invention. In this reg紅 d,a wall is shown composed
`vapor retardant layer isolates the closed cell insulation of a conventional brick 10 and block 12 construction
`from water vapor which raises upwardly from vapor and a generally horizontally extending expanse of con-
`within the building structure, or water from the surface 10 crete 16 which is operable to form a structural roof
`of the roofing membrane which, over time, can migrate and/or deck or the like. The structural roof or deck 16
`through the roofing membrane.
`can be constructed of a variety of materials such as cast
`τ'he high degree of moisture vapor impermeability of 泊 placeor precast concrete, metal sheets on bar joists,
`the intermediate vapor barrier layer as comp紅 ・edwith wood sheets or planks on wood joists or a variety of
`the peripheral joints or gaps around the panels, insures 15 prefabricated panels designed to accommodate roofing
`that water vapor escape唱 副othe atmosphere釘 ・ound systems. A brick and block extension 18 is formed
`the panels and not through them. This prolongs the life around the periphery of the roof or deck as叩 extension
`of the insulation course and enhances its insulating char- of the wall and terminates with a conventional capping
`acteristics. The waterproof tape physically retains the 24 of tin, copper, stone, or other suitable material 24.
`20
`A water impermeable roofing membrane 26 has been
`panels in place and prevents 創 出orwater from freely
`penetra出 gthe system. It also reduces chances of wind applied to the roof or deck surface 16 by a conventional
`blow off by reducing air passage to the underside of the technique such as multiple applications of felt paper and
`p姐 el.Any occasional water白紙 doespenetrate is rap- hot melt bituminous compound as outlined above or an
`idly drained away by the insulation drainage course. At elasto/plastic single ply membrane such as modified
`25
`theぬmetime the water va卯 rpermeable nature of the bituminous membranes, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene
`tape permits water vapor to escape from the building propylene diene monomer, etc. The roof or deck sur-
`around the periphery of the insulation panels. Similar face 16, while being generally flat, can be sloped to a
`advantages may be achieved by tongue姐 dgrove panel degree toward ram water openings 28 at various loca-
`installation or two layers of unsulation, with jo泊tsoff-30 tions along the surface叩 da generally vertical drain
`set.
`pipe 30 is positioned within the openings 28. Each drain
`In order to decrease the possibility of occasion water pipe is typically fitted at an upper end with a drain
`p佃 etratingthe upper surface of the closed cell insula- cover 32 having a plur叫ityof apertures suitable to per-
`tion layer, this layer may be advantageously sloped mit water to enter into the drain while isolating the
`toward a water drainage outlet.
`35 drain from particulate debris.
`τ'he . water impermeable membrane 26 is extended
`upwardly along the periphery of the roofing system as
`Other objects and advantages of the present invention at 34 and a downwardly extending flashing 36 covers an
`will become apparent from the following detailed de・ upperend of the membrane 34. Accordingly, water
`scription of prefeロedembodiments taken in conjunc-40 which falls on the roof surface, such as by rain or snow,
`tion with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
`is normally collected upon the generally horizontal
`FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of a building or enclo- deck surface and migrates by gravity toward the verti-
`sure including a roof deck with姐 arrayof insulation cal drains 30 in a m佃 nerwell known in the roofing
`panels applied to姐 uppersurface of the roofing deck, industry.
`comprising a thermally efficient, protected membrane 45τ'he structure depicted泊 FIG.1 is intended to be
`roofing system in accordance with one embodiment of illustrative and not exhaustive阻 dserves to identify at
`the inven討on;
`least one area in the building industry where a water
`FIG. 2, is姐 axonometricdetail view of insulation and vapor membrane such as 26 is utilized to isolate the
`panels which has been broken away to disclose in fur− 也teriorof a structure from moisture. Such membranes,
`ther detail features of the subject roofing assembly in・soor their equivalent, may also be affixed to other portions
`cluding a waterproof tape along abutting edges of the of the building such as around the foundations or below
`roofing p阻 .els;
`grade wall surfaces.
`FIG. 3 disclosed a cross-sectional detailed view of
`another preferred embodiment of the invention includ-
`泊ga sloping upper surface of the closed cell insulation 55
`In order to isolate the water impermeable membrane
`panels;
`FIG. 4 comprises a cross-sectional detailed view of 26 from ultra-violet degradation, thermal cycling and
`still another embodiment of the invention which does the impingement of sharp objects and the like, the mem-
`not utilize an insulation drainage panel; and
`brane is protected by a plurality of factory-assembled,
`FIG.Sis an axonometric, detail view, in cross-section 60 insulation p佃 els40. Each panel 40 is composed of a
`of one embodiment of a waterproof tape in accordance lamination of an insulating drainage course 42, a mois-
`with the invention.
`ture vapor baπier 44 and a closed cell insulation course
`46. The seam between adjacent panels 40 is covered by
`a waterproof, but vapor permeable, tape 48 (note FIG.
`Referring now to the drawings wherein like charac-65 2). An overlaying course of gravel or particulate mat-
`ters indicate like parts there will be seen in various ter, or m ぽ rayof pavers, is laid on top of the panels 40
`preferred embodiments of the subject invention. Before to provide weight, isolate the insulation course 46 from
`describing these various embodiments in detail, how- ultra-violet degradation and add fire resistance.
`
`THERMALLY EFFICIENT, PROTECTED
`MEMBRANE ROOFING ASSEMBLY
`
`THE DRAWINGS
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 6
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`

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`4,719,723
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`8
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`7
`Turning specifically to the insulating drainage course weight polymeric additives or unvulcanized synthetic
`42, it is compo民 dof a generally homogeneous associa- rubber.
`tion of expanded polymeric spheres. The spheres are
`The insulation course 46 is composed of a closed cell
`coated or enrobed with a water proofing material such insulating material. Such an insulation material may be
`as a water resistant bituminous material.
`5 selected from a polystyrene family of expanded foams,
`The spheres 50 are composed of a plurality of ex- polyurethane or polyvinyl fluoride family of foams,
`panded or extruded polystyrene which are lightly foam glass or glass beads, insulating concrete or bitumト
`bonded together at random touching surface locations. nous blocks or phenolic resin or a combination of phe・1
`Sphere bonding C組 beaccomplished with a light coat. nolic and expanded polystyrene. While it is anticipated
`ing of a latex bituminous emulsion or similar adhesive. 10 that the foregoing materials are operative, it has been
`The b伺 dsare bonded together as spheres as oppo鑓 dto found that polystyrene expanded foam is the most pre-
`being deformed into a solid mass.τもisrelatively open ferred and po鎚 総 総smarkedly superior performance
`formation CI'回 胞svoids, repr偲 cntedat 54 in FIG. 2, properties, when used 凶 describedherein, to other
`between adjacent spher悶 ina random three司dimen- known materials.
`sional array.τ'he voids permit water to migrate 15 In order to isolate the insulation from standing water
`throughout the member 42.
`and promote surface drainage the subject insulation
`The bonding of the lightly touching spheres cr伺 .tes drainage system further includes a waterproof, but
`組 essentiallyhomogeneous association of expanded vapor permeable, tape 48 (note particularly FIGS. 2 and
`polystyrene beads which form a resilient insulation 5). The tape 48 can be constructed of a variety of mate-
`member. This degree of resilience provides a form of 20 rials such as polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polyure-
`protection for the underlying water impermeable mem・ thane,vario凶 rubberpr叫 uctsor simil紅 materialsthat
`br四 e26 from the impingement of sharp objects and the are compatible with the insulation and that are water
`like which might otherwise pierce the membr阻 e.
`impermeable.τ'he waterproof tape prevents water on
`The size of the spheres may be varied with different top of the insulation layer 46 from finding a p踏 鈎geto
`25
`panels depending upon whether maximum drainage or the surface of the roofing membrane 26 where it could
`insulation is desired. Moreover, the size of the spheres have an adverse effect on the thermal efficiency of the
`within血 ypanel may be random. However, it has been building. The waterproof tape also reduces thermal
`determined that optimum results of insulation, prot配 ・ bridging, thus fu目herenhancing roof thermal efficiency
`ti on佃 ddrainage are叫 ievedwhen the panel is f糊 ・ 30巾 .ermalbridging . 鎚 蹴d?erein occurs when open
`ioned with spheres having a diameter of from 0.317 JOtnts in the insulation戸 rmitheat to escape from the
`田 畑.timetersto 1.27 centimeters.
`building interior.)
`Further while a spherical configuration of the b倒 ds
`As shown specifically泊 FIG.5, the waterproof tape
`is preferred, other three dimensional shapes are contem・ 柑 maybecom凹 sedof a generally flat body portion 60
`plated by the subject invention such鎚 cubes,solid 35 阻 dhave a plurality of downwardly directed anchor
`rectangles or other polyhedron configurations and the cones 62 aligned in a row along the edge of the tape and
`longitudinally spaced every quarter of an inch to one
`like鎚 desired.
`Materials other than polystyrene may be used泊 prac・ inchor回 .The cones provide a means of physical pene・
`ticing the泊ventionsuch錨 polyisocyanurate,polyure・ tration of the tape輔 副oan upper surface of the insula-
`thane and the like. Moreover the drainage layer 42 40 tion to structurally bind edges of adjacent panels柑
`could be constructed of other materials such as gravel together .
`. or stone aggregate, spheres of glass or drainage size
`Moreover the lower surface of the tape 48 is coated
`particles of other material. However, bituminous coated with an adhesive 64 which is selected to adhesively bind
`water resistant polystyrene spheres are preferred due to to the upper surface of adjacent insulation boards 46.
`their insulating characteristics and resistance to penetra・・45Accordingly adjacent panels 40 may be adhesively and
`tion by wat町。
`mechanicallybound together or adhesively bound in
`τ'he moisture vapor barrier 44 overlays a surface of the event the tape is constructed without cones 62.
`the insulating drainage course 42 in a position operably
`The tape柑 maybecompo関 dof a polymer modified
`remote from the roofmg membrane 26.τhe moisture asphalt which is おrmulatedto remain flexible and retain
`retardant may be composed of a metallic foil or syn・soits adhesive quality. Acceptable polymers would be
`thetic polymeric sb閏 thaving a high resistance to vapor atactic polypropylene (APP), styrene butadiene styrene
`penetration. This sheet may be adhered between the (SBS), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) or ethylene
`drainage加 ard42 and the closed cell insulation 46 by propylene diene monomer但PDM).
`The top surface of the tape may be covered with a
`conventional adb国 ivecomp倒 itions.Alternatively the
`
`vapor b釘 riermay be composed of a specially sel配 tedss water vapor permeable fabric material “such as poly-
`
`adhesive which may be utilized with or without a sepa- proplene or polyester random w伺 vefabric, fiberglass
`rate foil layer to provide a vapor barrier. In this connec・ fabric,nylon fabric or similar vapor perm伺 blematerial.
`tion, materials which have been found to exhibit p紅白”
`It may also be po矧 bleto omit any top surface over
`叫釘 utilityfor the instant invention includes petroleum the polymer modified bituminous tape or to leave a
`based bituminous resin, plasticized with high molec叫ar60 re.同 scpaper on the top surface of the tape which will
`weight polymeric additives or unvulcanized synthetic eventually disintigrate.
`The U戸 柑 isdepicted in the drawings鎚 being
`rubber, n回 preneor butyl rubber compositions， 伊ly-
`urethane elastomeric materials, polysulfide elastomeric rather thick for ease of illustration, however, in practice
`materials, silicone elastomeric materials, acrylic elasto- the tape will be quite thin relative to the thickness of the
`meric materials and polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride 65 insulation course 46 and関 rves,in cooperation, with the
`compositions. The most preferred composition for the upper surface of the insulation 46 to provide a generally
`water and vapor barrier 44 compri蜘 apetroleum planar surface for rain water to be rapidly drained to the
`based, bituminous resin, plasticized with high molecular surface drains 30.
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 7
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`

`

`4,719,723
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`9
`In addition to being water impermeable, the tape 48 is
`selected to be vapor permeable to an extent greater than
`the closed cell insulation 46. Accordingly vapor driven
`outwardly from the building will pass through abutting
`edges of the insulation as at 68, note FIG. 2， 阻dout- 5
`wardly through tape 48 to the atmosphere without
`penetrating and degrading the insulation 46.
`Tぽ凶ngto FIG. 3, there will be seen another pre-
`ferred embodiment of the subject invention comprising
`a thermal~y efficient permanent roofing system or the 10
`like. In this embodiment the outer凶 ulationpanels 46
`ぽ efashioned with a sloping surface 70 which descends
`toward drain 30. The seams 68 in the insulation panels
`46 are each covered with a waterproof tape 48 as de・
`scribed above. Accordingly rain water or melting snow 15
`will be guided by the upper surface of the insulation into
`the surface drains.
`FIG. 4 disclo記 syet another embodiment of the in・
`vention wherein the insulation drainage course 42 is not
`utilized. The vapor b釘 rier44 is applied directly or 20
`through姐 adhesiveto the waterproof membrane 26.
`Each of the seams 68 of the insulation p組 els46 are
`sealed with a waterproof, but vapor permeable, tape 48
`as described a加 ve.百 isembodiment of the泊vention
`has been found to be most useful in those areas where 25
`there is low rainfall and/or where the slope of the roof
`promotes rapid surface drainage and thus there is no
`need for a sub-insulation drainage course.
`
`10
`meable integrity of the building, said roofing system
`comprising:
`a water impermeable membrane overlaying a roof
`deck or the like;
`an紅 rayof factory assembled roofing panels posi-
`tioned in a juxtaposed position across the roof deck
`and operably and overlaying said water imperme-
`able membrane, said panels each including at least,
`a vapor barrier course, and
`an insulation course overlaying the vapor barrier
`course, said insulation course serving to protect
`and isolate the water impermeable membrane
`from external thermal cycling and said vapor
`barrier course serving to protect the insulation
`course from outwardly driven water vapor from
`the building or the surface of the water imperme-
`able membrane;
`a waterproof, but vapor permeable, tape bonded to
`the exterior surface of adjacent roofing, insulation
`panels to isolate the seam from penetration of sur-
`face water while concomitantly permitting the
`escape of water vapor from beneath the panels to
`the atmosphere through the peripheral seams of
`said roofing insulation panels, said waterproof tape
`including
`a plurality of conical extensions aligned along the
`edges of said tape for physical penetration into
`the outer surface of adjacent roofing panels; and
`a protective and retaining course overlaying the
`SUMMARY OF MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF THE 30
`outer surface of the roofing panels to isolate the
`INVENTION
`P叩 elsfrom ultraviolet degradation and retaining
`thepanels in position upon the roofing deck.
`In d白 cribinga thermally efficient, membrane pro・
`2. A thermally efficient, protected membrane roofing
`tected roofmg system or the like in accordance with
`preferred embodiments of the invention, those skilled in system as defined泊 claim1 and further comprising:
`the art will recognize several advantages which singu・35 a course of adhesive overlaying the surface of said
`larly distinguish the subject invention from the hereto-
`strip of waterproof tape having the plurality of
`fore known prior訂 t.A p紅 ticularadvantage of the
`conical extension, for binding the strip to the outer
`subj田 tinvention is the provision of a thermally effi圃
`surfaceof the edges of the insulation course.
`cient roofmg system wherein rain water is maintained
`3. A thermally efficient roofmg system as defined in
`essentially out of contact with a waterproofmg mem・40cl必m 1 wherein:
`brane 26.
`the roof portion of the building is provided with one
`The instant roofing system promotes rapid surface
`or more drains and the upper surface of said insula-
`water drainage and runoff without subjecting the泊四・
`tion course of the roofing panels uniformly slope
`lation to standing water and the like.
`toward said one or more drains.
`The vapor barrier layer 44 prevents outward vapor 45 4. A thermally efficient, protected membrane roofing
`drive from saturating the insulation over time and/or system for insulating the interior of a building from
`compromis泊gthe thermal insulating qualities of the ambient thermal cycl泊gand for insuring water imper-
`insulation through vapor degradation.
`meable integrity of the building, said roofing system
`The waterproof tape 48 provides a mechanical阻 d- comprising:
`/or adhesive capability of holding the insulation p佃 els50 a water impermeable membrane overlaying a roof
`deck or the like;
`together泊 aroofing system. The tape 48 is designed to
`be waterproof to promote surface drainage while being
`an array of factory assembled roofing panels posi-
`vapor permeable to enable water vapor driven out-
`tioned in a juxtaposed position across the roof
`W 釘 dlyto escape through seams 68 into the atmosphere.
`deck, and operably overlaying said water imperme-
`τ'he insulation panels 48 may be fashioned with a 55
`able membrane, said panels each including at least,
`slope toward drainage outlets to further promote sur-
`a vapor barrier course, and
`組 insulationcourse overlaying the vapor barrier
`face drainage of external water such as rain or snow.
`In describing the invention, reference has been made
`course, said insulation course serving to protect
`to preferred embodiments.τ'hose skilled in the art,
`and isolate the water impermeable membrane from
`however, and familiar with the disclosure of the subject 60
`external thermal cycling and said vapor barrier
`泊vention,may recogy註zeadditions, deletions, modifica-
`course serving to protect the insulation course
`tion, substitutions and/or other changes which will fall
`from outwardly driven water vapor from the build-
`within the purview of the invention as defined in the
`ing or the surface of the water impermeable mem・
`following claims.
`brane;
`I claim:
`65 a waterproof, but vapor permeable, tape bonded to
`1. A thermally efficient, protected membrane roofing
`the exterior surface of adjacent roofing, insulation
`system for insulating the泊teriorof a building from
`panels to isolate the seam from penetration of sur-
`ambient thermal cycling and for insuring water泊iper・
`facewater while concomitantly permitting the
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1018
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 8
`
`

`

`49719,723
`
`11
`escape of water vapor from beneath the panels to
`the atmosphere through the peripheral seams of
`叩 droofing insulation panels, said waterproof tape
`compnsmg
`a plurality of conical extensions aligned along the S
`edges of鈍 idtaps for physical penetration into the
`outer surface of adjacent roofing panels;
`the roof portion of the building is provided with one
`or more drains and the upper surface of said insula-
`tion course of the roofing panels uniformly slope 10
`toward剖 done or more drains; and
`a protective and retaining course overlaying the
`OU飽rsurface of the roofmg panels to isolate the
`panels from ultraviolet degradation and retaining
`the panels in position upon the roofmg d配 k.
`5. A thermally efficient, protected membrane roofmg
`system総 defmedin claim 4 and further comprising:
`a co町 田 ofadhesive overlaying the surface of said
`strip having the plurality of conical extensio田 for20
`binding the strip to the outer surface of the edges of
`the insulation course; and
`a fabric course overlaying the opposite surface of said
`strip.
`6. A thermally efficient, protected membrane roofmg 25
`system for insulating the interior of a building from
`ambient thermal cycling and for insuring water imper-
`m開 bleintegrity of the building, said roofing sys旬m
`compnsmg:
`a water impermeable membrane overlaying a roof 30
`deck or the 1泳.e;
`組 arrayof factoηa蹴 mbledroofmg panels posi・
`tioned加 ajuxtaposed position叫 ro錨 theroof deck
`回 doperally overlaying路 idwater impermeable
`membr阻 e， 鈍idpanels each including at least, 35
`
`15
`
`12
`an insulation course, said insulation course serving
`to protect and isolate the water impermeable
`membrane from external thermal cycling;
`a vapor barrier course coextensive with said insula-
`tion course， 鈍idvapor barrier course serving to
`protect the insulation course from outwardly
`driven water vapor from the building; and
`an insulating drainage course bonded to said vapor
`barrier course and being operable to be placed
`against the water impermeable membrane, said
`insulating and drainage course comprising a
`course of generally homogeneous association of
`exp岨 dedpolystyrene members coated with an
`outer film of latex bituminous emulsion wherein
`the coated polystyrene members are resistant to
`the penetration of water interiorly within the
`polystyrene members and concomitantly the
`latex bituminous emulsion being a waterproof
`adhesive such that the coated polystyrene mem・
`bers釘 ebonded together at points of contact
`with random voids created throughout the総回・
`ciation to render it both insulating and substan-
`tially poro田 tothe passage of water;
`a waterproof, but vapor permeable, tape bonded to
`the exterior surface of岨jacentroofing, insulation
`p組 elsto isolate the seam from penetratio