OSB
`
`
`
`Design and
`Application Guide
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 1
`
`

`

`INTRODUCTION
`
`Oriented strand board (OSB) is commonly used as the primary structural
`sheathing component
`in residential construction and
`low rise
`commercial applications.
` OSB panel products give engineers,
`designers, specifiers and builders a broad array of choices for use as
`subfloors, combination floors, wall and roof sheathing. Besides the very
`important function of supporting and transferring loads to the building
`foundation, OSB panels provide an excellent base for many types of
`finished flooring and provide a flat, solid base upon which the exterior
`wall cladding and roofing can be applied.
`
`Performance criteria for specific construction applications for panels
`used in the United States, including OSB panels, are set out in the U.S.
`Department of Commerce/National Institute of Standards and
`Technology Voluntary Product Standard PS 2, Performance Standard
`for Wood-Based Structural-Use Panels. Panels conforming to this
`standard are identified with a gradestamp that includes the grade,
`recommended span rating(s) and bond classification for the panel, as
`well as the trademark of the third-party certification and testing agency
`with whom the panel was qualified. Once qualified, it is the
`manufacturer's responsibility to maintain a quality control system that
`will assure that the gradestamp is applied only to those panels that meet
`the requirements of PS 2.
`
`This TECO Design and Application Guide is divided into four sections.
`Section 1 identifies some of the basics in selecting, handling, and storing
`OSB. Section 2 provides specific details regarding the application of
`OSB in single or multilayer floor systems, while Section 3 provides
`similar information for OSB used as wall and roof sheathing. Section 4
`provides information on various performance issues concerning OSB.
`
`The information provided in this guide is based on standard industry
`practice. Users of structural-use panels should always consult the local
`building code and information provided by the panel manufacturer for
`more specific requirements and recommendations.
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 2
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`Panel Selection, Handling and Storage
`Panel Selection -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
`Panel Grades
`Bond Classification
`Span Rating
`Sizes and Availability
`Basic Specifications
`General Provisions
`Roof Sheathing
`Flooring
`Panel Handling and Storage --------------------------------------------------------- 8
`
`Floors
`
`OSB Floor Components --------------------------------------------------------------- 9
`FLOOR SPAN Combination Subfloor/Underlayment
`Subflooring
`Underlayment
`Installation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
`Combination Subfloor/Underlayment and Subfloors
`Underlayment
`Field-Glued Floor System ----------------------------------------------------------- 15
`Installing the Field-Glued Floor System
`Finish Floors Over OSB ------------------------------------------------------------- 18
`Adhesive-Applied Flooring
`Lightweight Concrete
`Hardwood Flooring
`Ceramic Tile
`Stair Treads and Risers
`
`Walls and Roofs
`Diaphragms and Shear Walls ------------------------------------------------------ 22
`Wall Sheathing ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22
`Fastening Wall Sheathing
`Roof Sheathing ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24
`Fastening Roof Sheathing
`Design Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------- 25
`Narrow-Width Roof Panels
`
`Other Performance Issues
`Flame Spread and "Smoke Developed" Rating For OSB ------------------- 34
`OSB In Fire-Rated Assemblies ---------------------------------------------------- 34
`Formaldehyde Emissions From OSB Panels ------------------------------------ 35
`Thermal Resistance And Permeability Of OSB Panels ----------------------- 35
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 3
`
`

`

`Panel Selection, Handling and Storage
`
`PANEL SELECTION
`
`PANEL GRADES
`
`Table 1. Guide to Performance Rated Panels
`
`OSB panels are available in three grades, identified by a
`designation of
`the
`intended
`end-use. Sheathing
`(SHEATHING SPAN®) is intended for use as covering
`material for roofs, subfloors, and walls. Structural I
`sheathing (Structural I SHEATHING SPAN) meets
`additional requirements for cross-panel strength and
`stiffness, as well as requirements for racking shear; it serves
`in panelized roof systems, diaphragms, and shearwalls.
`Single-floor (FLOOR SPAN®) is used as a combination
`subfloor and underlayment and may be used under several
`different types of finish flooring as well as subflooring in
`a two-layer floor system with underlayment. SPCL-PNL®
`meets HUD
`requirements
`for
`floors designed
`in
`manufactured home construction. Table 1 contains
`application recommendations for each of these panel grades.
`
`BOND CLASSIFICATION
`
`Bond classification is related to the moisture resistance of
`the glue bond under intended end-use conditions and does
`not relate to the physical (e.g. erosion, ultraviolet, etc.) or
`biological (i.e. mold, fungal decay, insect, etc.) resistance
`of the panel*. OSB panels in conformance with PS 2 must
`meet the bond classification requirements for Exposure 1.
`
`Note: An Exterior bond classification is not available
`with OSB products.
`
`Exposure 1 is defined in PS 2 as a bond classification for
`panels that are suitable for uses not permanently exposed to
`the weather. Panels classified as Exposure 1 are intended to
`resist the effects of moisture on structural performance due to
`construction delays or other conditions of similar severity*.
`
`* U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
`Technology, Voluntary Product Standard PS 2 — Performance
`
`Standard for Wood-Based Structural-Use Panels
`
`Panel Gradestamps - Information and
`Application Recommendations
`
`SHEATHING SPAN®
`
`Appropriate for a broad range of
`construction and industrial applications,
`but specifically designed for wall and roof
`sheathing and subfloor. Available in
`thicknesses of 1/4, 5/16, 11/32, 3/8, 25/64,
`7/16, 29/64, 15/32, 1/2, 19/32, 5/8, 11/16,
`23/32, 3/4, 7/8, 1, and 1-1/8 inch.
`
`FLOOR SPAN®
`
`Designed for use as combination subfloor/
`underlayment. Provides high concentrated
`and impact load resistance and smooth
`surface for application under several types
`of finish flooring. Available in square
`edge or T&G, in thicknesses of
`19/32, 5/8, 23/32, 3/4, 7/8, 1, 1-1/8, and
`1-1/4 inch.
`
`SPCL-PNL®
`
`Designed for use in manufactured home
`construction. This product meets the
`HUD-3280 requirements for floors.
`Available in square edge or T&G in
`thicknesses of 19/32, 5/8, 23/32 and 3/4
`inch.
`
`VIP+® PROGRAM
`
`The VIP+® (Voluntary Inspection Program)
`on a gradestamp identifies panels from
`mills that elect to publish higher design
`capacities under the supervision of TECO.
`Methods used to assure that panels meet
`these higher design capacities are based on
`a two stage process — verification testing
`and voluntary inspection. The verification
`testing is conducted according to ASTM
`standard procedures and expands upon the
`requirements of PS 2. Manufacturers
`participating in this program also obtain a
`code evaluation report that lists the specific
`design capacities for that product.
`
`4
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 4
`
`

`

`Panel Selection, Handling and Storage
`
`Table 2. Metric Equivalents
`of Panel Dimensions
`
`PANEL WIDTH AND LENGTH
`
`English
`(foot)
`
`4 x 8
`4 x 9
`4 x 10
`
`English
`(in.)
`
`1/4
`5/16
`11/32
`3/8
`7/16
`15/32
`1/2
`19/32
`5/8
`23/32
`3/4
`25/32
`7/8
`1
`1-1/8
`
`S.I.
`(mm)
`
`1220 x 2440
`1220 x 2745
`1220 x 3050
`
`PANEL THICKNESS
`
`S.I.
`(mm)
`
`6.5
`8.0
`9.0
`9.5
`11.0
`12.0
`12.5
`15.0
`16.0
`18.5
`19.0
`20.0
`22.0
`25.5
`28.5
`
`Note: S.I. thicknesses are metric conversions derived from English
`measurements and are rounded to the nearest 0.5 mm. Refer to
`Canadian Standard CSA O325 for nominal thickness tolerances.
`
`SPAN RATINGs
`
`Span rating numbers for SHEATHING SPAN and
`FLOOR SPAN indicate the maximum spacing of supports
`over which the panels should be placed.
`
`The span rating on SHEATHING SPAN panels appears as
`two numbers separated by a slash (e.g., 32/16 or 48/24). The
`first number is the maximum on center (o.c.) support
`spacing in inches for roof sheathing. The second number is
`the maximum o.c. support spacing when the panel is used
`for subflooring. A panel marked 32/16 may be used for roof
`sheathing over supports spaced up to 32 inches o.c. or for
`floor sheathing over supports spaced up to 16 inches o.c.
`
`The span rating on FLOOR SPAN panels appears as a single
`number (e.g., 20 o.c.). FLOOR SPAN panels are designed
`for single-floor applications and are manufactured with span
`ratings of 16, 20, 24, 32, and 48 inches o.c.
`
`OSB used in structural sheathing applications in the U.S.
`must meet the requirements contained in the Department
`of Commerce's Voluntary Product Standard PS 2
`"Performance Standard for Wood-Based Structural-Use
`Panels." In Canada, panels must comply with the
`Canadian Standards Association's CAN/CSA O325
`"Construction Sheathing" or CSA O437 "OSB and
`Waferboard." Please refer to CSA-O325 for a description
`of span ratings used in Canada.
`
`SIZES AND AVAILABILITY
`
`Grademark-specified OSB panel thicknesses range from
`1/4 inch to 1-1/4 inch. Not all thickness are readily
`available. Check with suppliers to determine availability.
`Standard dimensions are nominal 4 feet by 8 feet. Because
`OSB is made with wood, which will expand or contract
`when subjected to changes in temperature and relative
`humidity, a plus 0/minus 1/8-inch tolerance on width and
`length
`is permitted
`for panels manufactured
`in
`conformance with PS 2 to allow for possible expansion
`after installation. In addition, a tolerance of ±1/32-inch is
`allowed on the grademark-specified thickness of 13/16-
`inch and less and ±5% of the grademark-specified
`thickness for panels thicker than 13/16-inch. Some mills
`also produce specialty sizes (e.g., smaller panels for the
`Japanese market or longer panels for vertical applications
`on walls, such as panels 4 feet wide by 9 or 10 feet long)
`and “jumbo” panels, such as required as skins for structural
`insulated panels. Panels 19/32-inch thick and thicker are
`manufactured with a square edge or tongue-and-groove
`(T&G) edge.
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`5
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 5
`
`

`

`Panel Selection, Handling and Storage
`
`Certification mark of a
`qualified inspection and
`testing agency
`
`Performance Standard
`for wood-based
`structural-use panels
`
`Panel Grade indicates
`structural-use panels
`designed and manufactured
`for sheathing or subfloor
`application
`
`Grademark-Specified
`Thickness
`
`Panel sized to allow 1/8 inch
`space between panels during
`installation to permit
`expansion and prevent
`buckling
`
`Performance Rated Panel
`Standard indicating structural-use
`panel test procedure recognized
`by the building code
`
`Bond Classification indicates
`panels that are bonded with an
`exterior adhesive and are suitable
`for uses not permanently
`exposed to the weather
`
`Span Rating indicates the
`allowance for roof and floor
`support spacing, respectively
`
`Fig. 1. Typical gradestamp on a certified panel
`
`Unlike plywood, most OSB T&G panels are manufactured
`to give a full 48-inch face. However, due to manufacturing
`limitations, some T&G panels have a 47-1/2-inch net face
`width.
`
`In some areas, certain panel thicknesses or span ratings
`may be difficult to obtain. OSB suppliers can verify the
`availability and details of the products they carry. To order
`OSB panels, the specifier should designate thickness,
`grade, span rating, bond classification, dimensions,
`“square edge” or “T&G” (as desired for thicker floor
`panels), and number of pieces. For example:
`
`7/16-inch SHEATHING SPAN, 24/16
`Exposure 1, 48 x 96 inches, square-edge, 200 pcs.
`
`The specifier is wise to identify an alternate panel in the
`specifications in the event that a certain dimension is not
`readily available. Fig. 1 illustrates a typical gradestamp
`that is applied to a certified panel, while Table 2 contains
`metric equivalents for panel thicknesses.
`
`6
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 6
`
`

`

`Panel Selection, Handling and Storage
`
`BASIC SPECIFICATIONS
`
`FLOORING
`
`The use of OSB-panels is governed by several basic
`guidelines. Details regarding application are presented in
`later sections of this Guide.
`
`GENERAL PROVISIONS
`
`1. When used structurally, each panel shall conform to
`the requirements of the appropriate standard as
`referenced in the building code. Each panel shall be
`identified by the trademarks of an approved testing
`and grading agency.
`
`2. OSB panels with an Exposure 1 bond classification are
`not to be used where they will be permanently exposed
`to outdoor applications, except where roof sheathing is
`exposed on the underside such as with open soffits.
`
`the minimum
`shall meet
`3. Panel applications
`requirements of the applicable building code and
`comply with the manufacturer's recommendations.
`
`ROOF SHEATHING
`
`Panel roof sheathing shall be one of the following grades/
`bond classification:
`
`SHEATHING SPAN Exposure 1
`Structural I SHEATHING SPAN Exposure 1
`
`In constructing pitched roofs, all panel ends must be
`joined over framing. Suitable edge support must be
`provided where
`indicated on drawings or
`in
`recommendations by the manufacturer or TECO through
`use of panel clips, T&G edges, or lumber blocking
`between joists. Spacing of 1/8 inch is recommended
`between all panel ends and edges, although occasionally
`the panel manufacturer may recommend an alternative*.
`
`For safety reasons, most mills produce panels with textured
`surface treatments for improved traction on sloped roofs.
`
`Subflooring is applied directly to the floor framing and
`under an additional layer of structural material such as
`underlayment, hardwood flooring or concrete topping.
`Panel subflooring shall be one of the following grades/
`bond classification:
`
`SHEATHING SPAN Exposure 1
`Structural I SHEATHING SPAN Exposure 1
`
`Spacing of 1/8 inch is recommended at panel ends and
`edges, though a panel manufacturer might recommend an
`alternative*. Before underlayment or finish flooring is
`installed, subfloor joints should be sanded to a smooth
`surface.
`
`Combined subfloor/underlayment panels shall be of the
`following grade/bond classification:
`
`FLOOR SPAN Exposure 1
`
`Panel edges should be tongue-and-groove edged or
`supported on 2-inch lumber blocking between joists. The
`tongue-and-groove edges must be protected against
`damage until the finish floor is installed. Panel ends
`should meet over framing and joints should be staggered.
`Spacing of 1/8 inch is recommended at panel ends and
`edges during
`installation,
`although
`the panel
`manufacturer might recommend an alternative*.
`
`All edge joints must be thoroughly filled and sanded.
`The manufacturer of the finish flooring may recommend
`light sanding of any surface roughness, particularly
`around fasteners.
`
`* Under in-plant construction conditions, such as manufactured housing, a
`spacing of 1/16-inch between the edges and ends of panels is acceptable.
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`7
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 7
`
`

`

`Panel Selection, Handling and Storage
`
`PANEL HANDLING AND STORAGE
`
`2. Protect ends by nailing
`plastic to top panel. Wrap
`plastic around ends and weight
`with scrap lumber to protect
`against wind and rain.
`
`1. Build platform using
`scrap panels and lumber
`as a base, then stretch
`plastic over the base to
`prevent moisture
`movement into stack.
`
`3. Protect sides by placing plastic
`over stack, securing with ropes
`and stakes. Lay scrap lumber on
`top of each end—padding corners
`with rags—then lumber lengthwise
`on top of stack.
`
`Fig. 2. Panel storage recommendations
`
`Like all building materials, OSB panels should be
`properly stored and handled carefully to prevent damage
`and assure reliable performance.
`
`minimize warpage from uneven moisture absorption. If
`moisture absorption is expected, the steel banding on
`panel bundles should be cut to prevent edge damage.
`
`Edges and ends of all panels must be protected. Panels
`to be moved by a forklift should be placed on pallets or
`lumber stringers when received to avoid damage by fork
`tines. When stacking units of panels, ensure that
`stringers are aligned vertically. Panels to be transported
`on open truck beds should be covered for protection
`from weather exposure.
`
`OSB panels should preferably be stored under a roof.
`The top panel in a stack should be weighted down to
`
`As illustrated in Fig. 2, panels to be stored outside should
`be stacked on a level surface supported by lumber
`stringers or blocking. Panels should never be in direct
`contact with the ground. At least three full-width
`supports should be placed along the 8 foot length of the
`bundle — one centered and the others 12 to 16 inches
`from each end. The stack should be covered loosely with
`plastic sheets or tarps. The covering should be anchored
`at the top of the stack, but kept open and away from the
`sides and bottom to allow ventilation.
`
`8
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 8
`
`

`

`Floors
`
`OSB FLOOR COMPONENTS
`
`FLOOR SPAN COMBINATION SUBFLOOR /
`UNDERLAYMENT
`
`is a span-rated product designed
`FLOOR SPAN
`specifically for economy and performance in single-layer
`floor construction. FLOOR SPAN is manufactured with
`a smooth side (i.e., a sanded or skip-sanded face) ready
`for several types of finish floor. It is commonly used
`beneath carpet and pad and is also used as "subflooring"
`under hardwood flooring, lightweight concrete and
`ceramic tile. FLOOR SPAN panels are manufactured
`with span ratings of 16, 20, 24, 32 and 48 inches oc,
`indicating the maximum recommended spacing of floor
`joists when the panel is installed with its strength axis
`across two or more supports.
`
`Glue-nailing is recommended for FLOOR SPAN panels,
`although panels can be nailed only (see fastening
`recommendations for glued and nailed and nailed only
`floor systems in Table 4). The field-glued floor system is
`further described on page 15.
`
`When greater stiffness in residential and light-frame
`commercial floors is desired, the addition of straight or
`diagonal blocking will increase stiffness considerably.
`However, certain manufacturers of engineered wood I-
`joists do not recommend this practice as the blocking can
`potentially create floor squeaks if not properly installed.
`For higher performance, FLOOR SPAN 32 oc and 48 oc
`installed over framing spaced at 24 inches on center can
`provide an improved floor system. Table 5 provides
`allowable floor live loads for FLOOR SPAN panels
`installed over various support spacings. Installation
`guidelines are provided on page 10.
`
`SUBFLOORING
`
`SHEATHING SPAN subfloors are intended to be
`installed in combination with an additional layer of
`structural material such as an underlayment, hardwood
`flooring, or concrete
`topping. Floor vibration or
`“bounciness” usually results from a combination of
`maximum floor joist span and spacing, with minimum
`subfloor thickness or lack of bracing or blocking. To
`increase floor stiffness and significantly improve
`overall floor performance, several options are available:
`
`•
`
`increasing the subfloor thickness beyond the
`minimum code requirements;
`• nailing and field-gluing the subfloor to the joists;
`•
`reducing the joist spacing or reducing the joist
`spans to a smaller deflection limitation to account
`for live load (e.g., L/480 or L/600); or
`installing an approved bracing system.
`
`•
`
`The span ratings for SHEATHING SPAN are the
`maximum recommended for the spans indicated. Spans
`are limited (Fig. 3) because of the possible effect of
`concentrated loads.
`
`Heavier concentrated loads and greater traffic may
`require panel capacity and/or performance in excess of
`the minimums required. Additional stiffness and strength
`can be gained by using panels with a floor span rating
`greater than the support spacing (for example, 40/20 or
`48/24 SHEATHING SPAN with floor joists at 16 inches
`on center). For beams or joists 24 or 32 inches o.c., 1-
`inch-thick panels may provide the needed stiffness.
`
`UNDERLAYMENT
`
`“Sanded-face” OSB floor panels can be used as
`underlayment beneath carpet and other types of finished
`flooring products. Used in this type of application, the
`OSB panels provide a smooth, firm, uniform surface that
`ensures finished floor levels are maintained throughout.
`This added layer also restores a smooth surface over
`panels that may have been scuffed or roughened during
`construction, or over panels that may not have received
`an adequately sanded surface.
` Underlayment
`is
`dimensionally stable and eliminates excessive swelling
`and subsequent buckling or humps around nails if applied
`as recommended.
`
`The minimum thickness of underlayment should be 1/4
`inch on subfloors on spans up to 24 inches. On spans
`longer
`than 24
`inches, 11/32
`inch or
`thicker
`underlayment should be used.
`
`It should be noted that not all OSB manufacturers
`recommend their panels be used as underlayment directly
`beneath certain types of finish flooring. Therefore, it is
`best to check with the manufacturer for specific
`recommendations.
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`9
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 9
`
`

`

`Floors
`
`INSTALLATION
`
`COMBINATION SUBFLOOR / UNDERLAYMENT
`(FLOOR SPAN) AND SUBFLOORS (SHEATHING
`SPAN)
`
`pockets or on ledgers. If 4x_ lumber girders are used,
`they should be air dried and/or set higher than the sill
`plate to allow for shrinkage.
`
`FLOOR SPAN and SHEATHING SPAN panels used in
`floor applications should be installed continuous over
`two or more spans with the strength axis perpendicular to
`the supports. FLOOR SPAN panels should also be
`installed with the side marked “THIS SIDE DOWN”
`towards the supports. End joints must be over the
`supports and should be staggered at least one support.
`OSB panels should have ends and edges spaced 1/8 inch,
`unless specific spacing recommendations are provided by
`the manufacturer. The long edges of single-floor or
`subfloor panels should be
`tongue-and-groove or
`supported with blocking with the following exceptions:
`
`When floor members are dry, fasteners should be
`installed with the heads set flush with, or slightly below,
`the surface of the panels. If framing is green, it could
`present nail popping problems upon drying; in such a
`case, fasteners should be re-set. Nail holes need not be
`filled, but edge joints must be filled and thoroughly
`sanded. This step may not be necessary under certain
`types of carpet or some other finished flooring products.
`Check with the flooring manufacturer for further
`recommendations. Any other damaged or open areas
`should be filled and all surface roughness sanded.
`
`• where a separate underlayment (1/4 inch minimum
`thickness) is to be installed with its joints offset
`from those in the subfloor;
`a minimum of 1-1/2 inch of lightweight concrete is
`to be applied over the subfloor;
`• 3/4-inch-thick wood-strip flooring
`installed over the subfloor.
`
`is
`
`to be
`
`•
`
`UNDERLAYMENT
`
`The following information provides general industry
`guidelines for installing panels as underlayment. As
`indicated earlier
`in
`this document, not all OSB
`manufacturers recommend their panels be used as
`underlayment directly beneath certain types of finished
`flooring products. Therefore, before installing OSB in
`underlayment applications, it is best to check with the
`manufacturer for specific recommendations.
`
`When underlayment is installed over subfloors, panels
`should be applied, smooth side up, immediately prior to
`installation of the finished flooring.
`
`Before the underlayment is applied, the subfloor must be
`dry and thoroughly swept or vacuumed. All popped nails
`must be re-set and any loose panels must be re-nailed.
`
`Underlayment must be protected against physical
`damage or water prior to installation. Individual panels
`should be placed on edge for several days before
`installation to equalize with surrounding temperature and
`relative humidity conditions. Smooth panel faces and
`tongue-and-groove edges need to be protected from
`damage prior to and during installation. The surface of
`the underlayment should also be protected after
`installation to ensure a clean, smooth surface for
`application of the finish flooring.
`
`Fig. 3 shows the recommended installation details for
`FLOOR SPAN and SHEATHING SPAN along with the
`maximum support spacing for subfloors and combination
`subfloor/underlayment.
`
`Power-driven nails can be used to fasten the panels as
`long as the nails are not over-driven. Standard nail sizes
`and
`lengths are given
`in Table 3. Nailing
`recommendations for SHEATHING SPAN subflooring
`are in Table 6. Wood screws are acceptable and other
`code-approved fasteners can also be used. Subflooring
`can be glued to improve performance and to reduce
`squeaks.
`
`FLOOR SPAN 32 oc panels can be installed over
`dimension lumber joists or engineered wood I-joists
`spaced up to 32 inches o.c. (Fig. 4). FLOOR SPAN 48 oc
`can be installed over supports up to 48 inches o.c. (Fig. 5).
`Supports can be multiple 2x_ joists spiked together, 4x_
`lumber, glulams, lightweight steel beams, wood I-joists or
`floor trusses. Girders of doubled 2x_ members should
`have top edges flush to permit smooth panel end joints.
`
`If it is desired to have the panels bear directly on the sill
`plate, the support members can be set in foundation
`
`The underlayment thickness required to bridge an uneven
`floor will depend on roughness and loads applied.
`
`10
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 10
`
`

`

`Floors
`
`flooring
`thin
`for
`recommendations
`Underlayment
`products are provided in Table 8. Nailing should begin at
`the contact corner of the underlayment panels and work
`should progress diagonally across the panels. Fig. 7
`provides the recommended installation details for
`underlayment along with fastener size and type. Panels
`must be in firm contact with the subfloor as fasteners are
`driven. As each panel is determined to be uniformly flat,
`workers can continue to fully fasten panels toward the
`opposite edge. End joints of underlayment panels should
`be offset by at least 4 inches from joints of subfloor
`panels. Edge joints of subfloor panels should be offset
`one joist space from the subfloor joint. Nails should be
`spaced a maximum of 6 inches o.c. along panel edges and
`12 inches o.c. within the field of the panel (see Table 8
`for recommended spacing with thin flooring). When
`underlayment is glued to the subfloor, only solvent-based
`glues are to be used.
`
`In some cases, underlayment panels are applied over
`lumber board subfloors. In such situations, the panels
`should be laid parallel to the joists if the boards are
`perpendicular to the joists. Underlayment panels may be
`applied in either direction if boards are at an angle less
`than 75 degrees to joists.
`
`Table 3. Nail Information
`
`PENNY LENGTH DIAMETER
`WEIGHT
`(inches )
`(inch )
`
`Bright, common wire nails
`
`6d
`8d
`10d
`12d
`16d
`20d
`
`6d
`8d
`10d
`12d
`16d
`20d
`
`2
`2 -1/2
`3
`3 -1/4
`3 -1/2
`4
`
`0 .113
`0 .131
`0 .148
`0 .148
`0 .162
`0 .192
`
`Deformed1 Shank Nails
`
`2
`2 -1/2
`3
`3 -1/4
`3 -1/2
`4
`
`0 .120
`0 .120
`0 .135
`0 .135
`0 .148
`0 .177
`
`1. A deformed shank nail shall have either a helical (screw) shank
`or an annular (ring) shank.
`
`Table 4. FLOOR SPAN Fastening Recommendations1
`
`GLUED AND NAILED6
`
`NAILED ONLY
`
`SPAN
`RATING
`
`NOMINAL
`PANEL
`THICKNESS2
`(inch)
`
`Nail size
`and
`type3
`
`Maximum nail spacing
`(inches)
`
`Supported
`panel edges
`
`Intermediate
`supports
`
`Nail size
`and
`type 3
`
`Maximum nail spacing
`(inches)
`Supported
`Intermediate
`panel edges
`supports
`
`16 oc
`
` 19/32, 5/8
`
`20 oc
`
`19/32, 5/8
`
`24 oc
`
` 23/32, 3/4
`
`24 oc
`
`32 oc
`
` 7/8
`
`7/8, 1
`
`48 oc
`
`1-1/8, 1-1/4
`
`6d deformed
`shank4
`
`8d deformed
`shank4
`
`8d deformed
`shank4,5
`
`12
`
`6
`
`6d deformed
`shank
`
`8d deformed
`shank
`
`8d deformed
`shank5
`
`12
`
`( 7 )
`
`6
`
`12
`
`( 7 )
`
`1. Fastening guidelines assume application of standard uniform loads. For heavy traffic, concentrated loads, or other special
`conditions, construction in excess of minimums shown may be required.
`2. Panels of a given thickness may be produced in multiple span ratings. Panels with a span rating greater than a given joist
`spacing may be substituted for panels of the same thickness whose span rating matches the joist spacing. For example,
`19/32-inch-thick, 20 oc rated FLOOR SPAN may be used over joists spaced at 16 or 20 inches on center. 19/32-inch-thick,
`16 oc FLOOR SPAN may be used over joists spaced at 16 inches on center.
`3. Other code approved fasteners may be used.
`4.
`If deformed shank nails are not available, common nails providing equal or greater withdrawal and lateral resistance may
`be substituted.
`If supports are well seasoned, 10d common nails may be substituted to attach 1-1/8-inch-thick FLOOR SPAN panels.
`5.
`6. Adhesives must be applied according to manufacturer recommendations and must conform to ASTM D3498 (or
`Specification AFG-01). Use solvent-based glues for OSB with sealed surfaces and edges—check with specific panel
`manufacturers.
`7. For supports spaced 48-inch on center, space nails a maximum of 6 inches.
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`11
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 11
`
`

`

`Floors
`
`Table 5. Recommended Uniform Floor Live Loads for FLOOR SPAN
` With Strength Axis of Panel Perpendicular to Supports 1
`
`SPAN
`RATING
`
`16 oc
`
`20 oc
`
`24 oc
`
`32 oc
`
`48 oc
`
`NOMINAL
`PANEL
`THICKNESS
`(inch)
`
`19/32, 5/8
`
`19/32, 5/8, 3/4
`
`23/32, 3/4
`
` 7/8, 1
`
` 1-1/8, 1-1/4
`
`MAXIMUM SPAN
`(inches)
`
`With edge
`support3
`
`ALLOWABLE LIVE LOAD2
`
` (psf)
`
`Spacing of supports center-to-center (inches)
`
`12
`
`16
`
`19.2
`
`24
`
`32
`
`40
`
`48
`
` 54
`
` 60
`
`164
`
`204, 5
`
` 24
`
` 32
`
`48
`
` 185
`
` 100
`
` 270
`
` 150
`
` 100
`
`240
`
`160
`
` 100
`
` 295
`
` 185
`
` 100
`
` 290
`
`160
`
` 100
`
` 65
`
`For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm; 1 psf = 47.9 Pa
`1. Panels shall be a minimum of 24 inches wide.
`2. The allowable spans were determined using a dead load of 10 psf. If the dead load exceeds 10 psf then the live load shall be
`reduced accordingly.
`3. Tongue-and-groove edges or lumber blocking (see also exceptions on page 10). Only lumber blocking will satisfy blocked
`diaphragm requirements of ER-5637 or IBC 2003 Tables 2306.3.1 and 2306.3.2.
`Is permitted to be 24 inches on center where 3/4-inch wood strip flooring is installed perpendicular to the supports.
`Is permitted to be 24 inches on center where 1-1/2 inches of cellular or lightweight concrete is applied over the panels.
`
`4.
`5.
`
`Table 6. SHEATHING SPAN Subfloor and Underlayment Fastening Recommendations 1,2
`
`SPAN
`RATING
`
`NOMINAL
`PANEL
`THICKNESS
`(inch)
`
`MAXIMUM
`SPAN 3
`(inches)
`
`NAIL TYPE
`AND SIZE 4
`
`MAXIMUM NAIL SPACING
`(inches)
`
`Supported panel
`edges
`
`Intermediate
`supports
`
`24/16
`
` 7/16
`
` 16
`
`32/16
`
`15/32, 1/2
`
`16 5
`
`40/20
`
`19/32, 5/8
`
`20 5, 6
`
`48/24
`
`23/32, 3/4
`
`60/32 7
`
`7/8
`
`24
`
`32
`
`6d common or
`deformed shank
`
`8d common or 6d
`deformed shank
`
`8d common or
`deformed shank
`
`6
`
`12
`
`1. Refer to Table 9 for subfloor recommendations under ceramic tile. Contact the manufacturer of gypsum concrete for
`subfloor recommendations.
`2. When span rating is equal to or greater than maximum number shown, FLOOR SPAN panels may be substituted.
`3. Tongue-and-groove edges or lumber blocking (see also exceptions on page 10). Only lumber blocking will satisfy
`blocked diaphragm requirements of ER-5637 or IBC 2003 Tables 2306.3.1 and 2306.3.2.
`4. Other code-approved fasteners may be used.
`5.
`Is permitted to be 24 inches on center where 3/4-inch wood strip flooring is installed perpendicular to the supports.
`6.
`Is permitted to be 24 inches on center where 1-1/2 inches of cellular or lightweight concrete is applied over the panels.
`7. Check with supplier for availability.
`
`12
`
`OSB Design and Application Guide
`
`Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Exhibit 1027
`IPR of U.S. Pat. No. 8,474,197
`Page 12
`
`

`

`Floors
`
`For combination subfloor/underlayment or subfloor
`panels, leave a 1/8 inch minimum gap at panel ends and
`edges or follow recommendations of OSB manufacturer
`
`Strength axis
`
`Joists or
`trusses
`
`Stagger panel end joints
`
`Blocking if square edge panel
`(see exceptions on page 10)
`
`T & G panels applied across supports with mark
`“THIS SIDE DOWN” placed down. All pa