5/10/2021
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`1.12. System Calls — Operating Systems Study Guide
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`1.12. System Callsfli
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`See also
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`Video about the System Call and User Interfaces to an Operatingfiystem
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`
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`The system call provides an interface to the operating system services.
`
`Application developers ofien do not have direct access to the system calls, but can access them through an application programming interface (API).
`The functions that are included in the API invoke the actual system calls. By using the API, certain benefits can be gained:
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`- Portability: as long a system supports an API, any program using that API can compile and run.
`0 Ease of Use: using the API can be significantly easier then using the actual system call.
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`1.12.1. System Call Paramatersfl
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`Three general methods exist for passing parameters to the OS:
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`1. Parameters can be passed in registers.
`2. When there are more parameters than registers, parameters can be stored in a block and the block address can be passed as a parameter to a
`register.
`3. Parameters can also be pushed on or popped off the stack by the operating system.
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`register
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` user program
`Opalfliing system
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`1.12.2. Types of System Callsfii
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`There are 5 different categories of system calls:
`process control, file manipulation, device manipulation, information maintenance and communication.
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`1.12.2.1. Process Controlfli
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`web.archive.org/web/20141013040449/http://facu|ty.sa|ina.k-state.edu/tim/ossg/Introduction/sys_calls.htm|
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`Patent Owner, Bot M8 LLC - Ex. 2059, p. 1
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`Patent Owner, Bot M8 LLC - Ex. 2059, p. 1
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`

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`5/10/2021
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`1.12. System Calls — Operating Systems Study Guide
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`A running program needs to be able to stop execution either normally or abnormally. When execution is stopped abnormally, often a dump of memory
`is taken and can be examined with a debugger.
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`1.12.2.2. File Managementfil
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`Some common system calls are create, delete, read, write, reposition, or close. Also, there is a need to determine the file attributes — get and set file
`attribute. Many times the OS provides an API to make these system calls.
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`1.12.2.3. Device Managementfil
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`Process usually require several resources to execute, if these resources are available, they will be granted and control returned to the user process.
`These resources are also thought of as devices. Some are physical, such as a video card, and others are abstract, such as a file.
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`User programs request the device, and when finished they release the device. Similar to files, we can read, write, and reposition the device.
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`1.12.2.4. Information Managementfl]
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`Some system calls exist purely for transferring information between the user program and the operating system. An example of this is time, or date.
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`The OS also keeps information about all its processes and provides system calls to report this information.
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`1.12.2.5. Communicationfi
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`There are two models of interprocess communication, the message-passing model and the shared memory model.
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`- Message-passing uses a common mailbox to pass messages between processes.
`0 Shared memory use certain system calls to create and gain access to create and gain access to regions of memory owned by other processes. The
`two processes exchange information by reading and writing in the shared data.
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`:Qgg
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`Table Of Contents
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`. 1.12. System Calls
`0 1.12,1. System g Zall Paramaters
`0 1.12.2. Types of System Calls
`I 1.12.2.1. Process Control
`I 1,1222 File Management
`1.12.2.3. Device Management
`1.12.2.4. Information Management
`1.12.2.5. Communication
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`© Copyright 2009, Tim Bower. Created using Sphinx 1.1.3.
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`Patent Owner, Bot M8 LLC - Ex. 2059, p. 2
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