(12) United States Patent
`Eliott
`
`USOO646816OB2
`(10) Patent No.:
`US 6,468,160 B2
`(45) Date of Patent:
`*Oct. 22, 2002
`
`(54) SECURITY SYSTEM FOR VIDEO GAME
`SYSTEM WITH HARD DISK DRIVE AND
`INTERNET ACCESS CAPABILITY
`
`(75)
`(73)
`
`(*)
`
`Notice:
`
`Inventor: Scott Eliott, Redmond, WA (US)
`Assignee: Nintendo of America, Inc., Redmond,
`WA (US)
`This patent issued on a continued pros
`ecution application filed under 37 CFR
`1.53(d), and is subject to the twenty year
`patent term provisions of 35 U.S.C.
`154(a)(2).
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 50 days.
`
`(21)
`(22)
`(65)
`
`Appl. No.:
`09/384,189
`Aug. 27, 1999
`Filed:
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2002/0077177 A1 Jun. 20, 2002
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(63)
`
`(51)
`(52)
`(58)
`
`(56)
`
`Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/288.293, filed on
`Apr. 8, 1999.
`Int. Cl." ........................... A63F 13/12; A63F 13/00
`U.S. Cl. ............................................ 463/43; 463/41
`Field of Search .............................. 463/42, 41, 40,
`463/43, 44, 29, 1; 380/2, 4, 21, 25, 28,
`30, 43, 44, 54, 59, 223, 231, 232, 239,
`241, 279, 282, 285; 705/1, 5, 26, 27, 51,
`52, 54, 57, 59
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`1/1981 Jeffers et al.
`4,247,106 A
`11/1981 Kulesza et al.
`4.299.386 A
`5,251,909 A
`10/1993 Reed et al.
`(List continued on next page.)
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Henry, “Local Company Big Player in Electronic Games',
`The Sun, Baltimore, MD., Nov. 1, 1998, 3 pages.
`Freier et al., “The SSL Protocol Version 3.0", Transport
`Layer Security Working Group, Internet-Draft, http://cui
`Sung.unige.ch/memories/Hugentobler/draft302.txt.gz., Nov.
`1996.
`WebTV Networks, Inc. webtv http:www.WebTV.net, all
`pages, Jan. 2000.
`
`Primary Examiner Michael O'Neill
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Nixon & Vanderhye P.C.
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`An existing Video game System is modified to include
`additional communication and Storage capability via a
`modem and hard disk drive. In accordance with one embodi
`ment of the present invention, the primary System Security
`features are incorporated into a Video game System expan
`Sion device having a hard disk drive. The Security System
`does not rely on the relatively insecure video game System.
`The present exemplary embodiment focuses Security control
`in a disk drive/mass media controlling engine which is
`physically disposed within the expansion device housing as
`close as possible to the hard disk drive and the downloaded
`Video games and other data it is designed to protect. Security
`features are incorporated into, for example, a disk drive
`controlling processing engine to provide Security features
`which extend far beyond Simplistic password Systems which
`have heretofore been utilized in conjunction with disk drive
`controllers. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment
`of the present invention, the disk controller also incorporates
`an encrypting engine which encrypts in accordance with a
`highly Secure encrypting algorithm. A further level of Secu
`rity is provided in the illustrative embodiments by partition
`ing the hard drive into various partitions whose Security/
`accessibility is tightly controlled. Each application program,
`e.g., a Video game, has a predetermined number of private
`partitions, including a read only encrypted partition.
`
`99 Claims, 26 Drawing Sheets
`
`GAME CONTROLLERs *-
`KEYBOARD
`SWIDEO
`
`POWER
`
`190-
`
`EXPANSION-
`DEWICE
`85
`
`MASS
`STORAGE
`WICE
`
`CLOCK
`iA
`
`2
`BS
`FiFACE
`CONTROL
`AND
`INTERAC
`LOGIC
`
`WIDEO GAME SYSTEM CONSOLE
`TO SECURITY
`ADDRESSf
`PROCESSOR CONSOLE
`DATA BS
`
`LAR AUDIO
`
`it
`
`f
`
`SECURITY
`PROCESSOR
`
`
`
`
`
`NTSC WIDEO
`OUT (COMPOSITE
`RF OR SVIDEO)
`OUT
`
`INPUT AUDIO
`OUT
`(LFR)
`
`HEADPHONE
`(li R)
`OUT
`
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`US 6,468,160 B2
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,313,303 A 5/1994 ErsoZ. et al.
`5,350,176 A 9/1994 Hochstein et al.
`5,481,542 A 1/1996 Logston et al.
`5,497.479 A 3/1996 Hornbuckle
`5,538.255. A 7/1996 Barker
`5,558,339 A 9/1996 Perlman
`5,624,316 A
`4/1997 Roskowski et al. ........... 463/41
`5,630,757 A
`5/1997 Gagin et al.
`5,668,950 A 9/1997 Kikuchi et al.
`5,685,775 A 11/1997 Bakoglu et al.
`5,762,555 A
`6/1998 Crump et al.
`5,791,992 A 8/1998 Crump et al.
`
`5.841,980 A 11/1998 Waters et al.
`5,923,379 A
`7/1999 Patterson
`6,018,712 A
`1/2000 Pactong ......................... 705/1
`6,018,720 A * 1/2000 Fujimoto ..................... 705/26
`6,022,274 A 2/2000 Takeda et al.
`6,038,316 A
`3/2000 Dwork et al. ................. 380/25
`6,055,314 A * 4/2000 Spies et al. ................... 380/21
`6,097,441 A 8/2000 Allport
`6,180,420 B1
`8/2000 Larose et al. .................. 380/4
`6,169,976 B1 * 1/2001 Colosso .........
`... 705/59
`6,233,567 B1 * 5/2001 Cohen .....
`705/59
`6,330,670 B1 12/2001 England et al.
`* cited by examiner
`
`
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 1 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 2 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
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`Sheet 3 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`89
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
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`Sheet 4 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 5 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`
`
`ALIMNIAS
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`IPR2020-01288
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 6 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 7 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
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`IPR2020-01288
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 8 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`&
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`d d d
`
`IPR2020-01288
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`CC
`CO
`g
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`IPR2020-01288
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`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 10 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`O3ACIA WALSAS
`
`OAGIAALWOU4
`
`WVYdS
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`IPR2020-01288
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 11 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`O9 (61-)
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`
`
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`
`
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`C19 -61-I
`
`+
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 12 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`02 I
`
`NEX|W T
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`8-)
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 13 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`Fig. 8
`
`
`
`NAME
`DISKSTATUS
`LBA WRITE
`ADDRESS
`
`LBA READ
`ADDRESS
`
`12CSO OWN
`ADDRESS REGISTER
`12C SODATA
`REGISTER
`
`STATUS REGISTER
`12C S2 CLOCK
`REGISTER
`12C S3 INTERRUPT
`VECTOR
`MODEMIN
`MODEMOUT
`
`RIW
`
`DESCRIPTION
`READ: DISK STATUS
`WRITING TO THIS ADDRESS CAUSES THE CONTENTS
`OF THESECTOR BUFFER TO BE WRITTENTO THE
`LBA POINTED TOBY THIS LBA WRITE ADDRESS.
`THE BUFFER COUNTER IS RESET.
`WRITING TO THIS ADDRESS CAUSES THE CONTENTS
`OF THE LBA POINTED TOBY THIS LBA READ ADDRESS
`TO BE READ INTO THE SECTOR BUFFER.
`THE BUFFER COUNTER IS RESET.
`RIW ESO=0
`READ/WRITE: OWN ADDRESS
`R/W ESO-1
`READ/WRITE: 12CDATA
`
`WRITE: CONTROL
`R/W READ/WRITE: CLOCK SCALE VALUE
`
`A
`
`R/W ESO=0: READ/WRITE: INTERRUPT VECTOR
`ESO=1: READ. INTERRUPT VECTOR ACK CYCLE
`READ: MODEMSTATUS & DATA
`R/W WRITE MODEM DATA
`READ MODEMOUT STATUS
`
`WRITE FUNCTIONS
`512 BYTE SECTOR BUFFER FOR THE HARD DRIVE.
`THE POINTER INTO THISBUFFER IS INCREMENTED BY
`FOUR BYTES EACHTIME THE BUFFER IS READ OR
`WRITTEN AFTER 512 BYTES AREACCESSED THE
`POINTERWRAPS AROUND.
`
`MODEMOUT
`CONTROL
`
`W
`
`R1 W
`
`SECTOR BUFFER
`
`violest Rw
`
`SPACE
`
`INTERRUPT STATUS
`REGISTER
`
`R/W READ: EXPANSION DEVICE SUPPORTS ASINGLE,
`32 BIT INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER FOR THE
`VIDEO GAME SYSTEM. VARIOUS BITS WILL BE
`ALLOCATED TO PROCESSES AS NEEDED DURING
`DESIGN. WRITE: INTERRUPT MASK
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 14 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`Fig. 9
`
`
`
`
`
`FUNCTION
`
`N T
`
`MODEMDATAN READY
`
`MODEM SEND READY
`
`RTCALARM
`2C INTERRUPT
`INTERCAST
`
`DISKREAD DATA READY
`
`DISK WRITE COMPLETED
`
`COUNTERATO
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`98 0
`
`HEST)
`
`EOW-HELNI
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
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`Sheet 16 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`
`
`| ||
`
`61-I
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 17 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`VIDEO GAME SYSTEM 50
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`/N e A1
`
`7
`
`BuS
`Interface
`DMA
`
`
`
`MODEM
`DSP
`FIFO
`MicroController
`
`
`
`Disk
`Controller
`
`TO
`MODEM
`
`FIG. 12
`
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`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 18 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
`US 6,468,160 B2
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`
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 19 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
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`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 20 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`BOXID
`
`BOXIDPacket
`Message Direction
`ID
`Bit
`
`Message
`Counter
`
`Hash
`
`FIG. 15A
`
`Delete
`Message Direction
`ID
`Bit
`
`FIG. 15B
`
`Message
`Counter
`
`Hash
`
`GamePresentPacket
`Message Direction
`ID
`Bit
`
`FIG. 15C
`
`Message
`Counter
`
`Hash
`
`BOXID
`
`BoxID
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 21 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`GameIDSPacket
`Name Size Name Size
`Offset Size
`IDcount
`Reserved
`- GameID,
`status
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Name
`Reserved
`Reserved
`
`
`
`Description
`total gameIDs
`First gameID
`
`FIG. 15D
`
`ContextPacket
`
`GameIDSuccessFFh
`Fail=OOh
`
`C & R Seed for Browser,
`otherwise fill with 00f
`
`FIG. 15E
`
`BOXID
`
`Game
`COde
`
`GRPacket
`Message Direction
`ID
`Bit
`
`FIG. 15F
`
`Message
`Counter
`
`Hash
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
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`Sheet 22 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`
`
`NAME
`
`DLPacket
`DESCRIPTION
`
`gameID
`PAD
`tLength Req
`PAD
`Sig
`PAD
`ResetCounter
`PAD
`
`Permissions0
`PAD
`plengthReq0
`pLengthused0
`PAD
`
`Permissions
`PAD
`pLengthReq1
`plengthused1
`PAD
`
`Permissions2
`PAD
`pLength req2
`pLengthused2
`PAD
`
`PAD
`BOXID
`PAD
`MessageID
`Direction
`Hash
`
`HEADER
`0x0001 - 0xFFEF = gameID (Allocated by Manufacturer)
`Random Padding
`Number of Chunks required for application
`Random Padding
`Hash of Active, protected partitions 0 & 1
`Random Padding
`Reset Both COunts to 0 if ResetCounter F 174
`Random PaddinC
`Partition O(ENCRYPTED PROGRAM)
`O = ReadOnlyEncrypted, 1 = ReadOnlyClearText
`Random Padding
`Number of Chunks reserved in partition
`Number of Chunks active in partition
`Random PaddinC
`Partition 1 (READ ONLYDATA)
`1 = ReadOnlyClearText
`Random Padding
`Number of Chunks reserved in partition
`Number of Chunks active in partition
`Random Padding
`Partition 2 (READ/WRITE DATA)
`2 = ReadWrite ClearText
`Random Padding
`Number of Chunks reserved in partition
`Number of Chunks active in partition
`Random Padding
`Trailer
`Random Padding
`BOXID
`Fill with random padding
`Message Counter
`Set to 0
`Davies-Meyer checksum
`
`FIG. 15G
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 23 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
`
`START DLPACKET
`
`DESCRIPTION
`
`
`
`VALUE
`
`limitedID
`
`NAME
`
`gameID
`tLengthReq
`Sig
`
`HEADER
`0x8000-0xFFEF = gameID Disk (Allocated by Manufacturer)
`Number of Chunks required for application
`Hash of Active, protected partitions
`Partition O(ENCRYPTED PROGRAM)
`Permissions0 1 = ReadOnlyEncrypted, 2 = ReadOnlyClearText
`pLength Req0 Number of Chunks reserved in partition
`pLengthUsedO Number of Chunks active in partition
`Partition 1 (READ ONLYDATA)
`Permission 1 |2 = ReadOnlyClearText
`pLengthreq 1 Number of Chunks reserved in partition
`pLengthUsed1 Number of Chunks active in partition
`Partition 2 (READ/WRITE DATA)
`Permissions2 3 = ReadWrite ClearText
`plengthReq2 Number of Chunks reserved in partition
`tLengthReq
`<= tLengthReq plengthused2 Number of Chunks active in partition
`Trailer
`BOXID
`Message Counter
`Set to 0
`Davies-Meyer Hash
`
`BOXID
`MessageID
`Direction
`Hash
`
`FIG. 16
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
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`Sheet 24 of 26
`
`US 6,468,160 B2
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`809
`
`
`
`
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
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`Sheet 25 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
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`IPR2020-01288
`Sony EX1027 Page 27
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`IPR2020-01288
`Sony EX1027 Page 27
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`U.S. Patent
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`Oct. 22, 2002
`
`Sheet 26 of 26
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`US 6,468,160 B2
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`Start Chunk 0
`Length Chunks 0
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`FIG. 18B
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`IPR2020-01288
`Sony EX1027 Page 28
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`1
`SECURITY SYSTEM FOR VIDEO GAME
`SYSTEM WITH HARD DISK DRIVE AND
`INTERNET ACCESS CAPABILITY
`
`This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No.
`09/288,293, filed Apr. 8, 1999 entitled “Home Video Game
`System With Hard Disk Drive and Internet Access
`Capability”, which application is hereby incorporated by
`reference herein in its entirety.
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`The invention generally relates to a Security System for a
`computer System having Internet access capability. More
`particularly, the invention relates to a Security System for a
`home video game System enhanced to include a modem and
`hard disk drive which allows a Video game player to dial-up
`a network Service provider and communicate over the Ser
`vice provider's network to access the World WideWeb, send
`e-mail, play games and/or download executable programs,
`Video and audio data to the Systems hard disk drive.
`BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE
`INVENTION
`Over the years, Special purpose home video game Systems
`have been (and continue to be) immensely popular, notwith
`Standing the ever increasing presence of personal computers
`in households throughout the World. The latest generation of
`Such dedicated Video game Systems utilize a user's color
`television to generate exciting game play involving three
`dimensional game worlds having Striking depth and realism
`involving numerous animated moving objects.
`For the virtual millions of game players taking advantage
`of Such low cost, Special purpose video game Systems,
`System operation and game play has been characterized by
`Single location, Stand alone operation. While home video
`game Systems are designed for more than one player to play
`using multiple controllers attached to a single video game
`play console, Such dedicated Video game Systems typically
`do not permit game play against other remotely located
`players.
`Video game and Video game System manufacturers and
`developerS have heretofore faced continual piracy attackS.
`For the most part, in cartridge-based Video game Systems,
`these attacks have come from unscrupulous counterfeiters
`who produce and Sell illegal cartridges. Particularly for
`cartridge-based Video game Systems, end user piracy of
`Video games has not been a major problem to combat.
`In copending parent application Ser. No. 09/288,293, a
`System is described which advantageously converts a here
`tofore Stand alone, Special purpose video game System into
`a network communicating device with bulk Storage capacity
`having numerous enhanced capabilities Such as Simulta
`neous game play Video and Internet display. AS used herein,
`the “Internet” refers to the vast collection of interconnected
`networks that all use the TCP/IP protocols as well as the
`more generic interconnection of two or more networks.
`In accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the
`incorporated copending application, an expansion device is
`connected to an existing Video game System port to provide
`additional communication and Storage capability via a
`modem and hard disk drive. A cable TV tuner is also
`included in the expansion device to assist in advantageously
`providing a unique picture-in-picture Video capability, and
`data acquisition from the television vertical blanking inter
`val.
`With the addition of a modem and hard drive to a home
`Video game System, the piracy issues become dramatically
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`more Serious and complex. For example, the personal com
`puter industry has faced rampant end user piracy and the
`System described herein and in copending application Ser.
`No. 09/288,293 is likely to face the same type of pirating
`attackS.
`A failure to properly Secure Such a System, which has been
`commercialized in part to take advantage of its ability to
`download purchased games, could be commercially disas
`trous. If an end user could simply download games from, for
`example, Sellers of pirated games, a significant and perhaps
`catastrophic revenue Stream loSS could result from Such
`activity.
`The present invention advantageously provides a unique,
`multilevel Security System for use in a computer System
`having Internet access capability and which precludes, inter
`alia, downloading and execution of unauthorized programs.
`In accordance with one embodiment of the present
`invention, the primary System Security features are incorpo
`rated into a Video game System expansion device having a
`hard disk drive. The security system does not rely on the
`relatively insecure Video game System.
`The present exemplary embodiment focuses Security con
`trol in a disk drive/mass media controlling engine which is
`physically disposed within the expansion device housing as
`close as possible to the hard disk drive and the downloaded
`Video games and other data it is designed to protect. Security
`features are incorporated into, for example, a disk drive
`controlling processing engine to provide Security features
`which extend far beyond Simplistic password Systems which
`have heretofore been utilized in conjunction with disk drive
`controllers.
`Security is in part controlled by a server which downloads
`control information to a digital processor associated with
`hard drive 206. The disk drive controller processor utilizes
`this control information to control disk partitions that are
`created, and to control which applications can have access to
`respective partitions. The relatively insecure Video game
`System has no control over which partitions may be acces
`sible.
`The disk controller processor responds to commands from
`the Server to set up the disk partitioning. Thus, in accordance
`with one embodiment of the present invention, a direct
`Security link exists between the Server and a disk drive
`controller resident within the expansion device. The server
`preferably incorporates the highest degree of available Inter
`net Security features.
`In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the
`present invention, each expansion device includes a unique
`ID associated with its mass media Storage device. Unique
`encryption keys are advantageously for each expansion
`device to ensure Secure communications between the expan
`Sion device and the Server. Thus, when a request is made
`through expansion device for downloading, for example, a
`particular video game, the Server is able to rely on the
`request coming from an authorized expansion device and not
`an unauthorized device mimicking the expansion device.
`In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the
`present invention, the disk controller also incorporates an
`encrypting engine which encrypts in accordance with a
`highly Secure encrypting algorithm.
`A further level of security is provided in the illustrative
`embodiments by partitioning the hard drive into various
`partitions whose Security/accessibility is tightly controlled.
`Each application program, e.g., a Video game, has a prede
`termined number of private partitions, including a read only
`encrypted partition, where its executable code resides, a read
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`3
`only data partition for holding leSS Secure data which is not
`encrypted to permit faster execution Since no decryption Step
`is required, and a third partition for Storing a wide range of
`game related data, Such as a player's high Score, the current
`location in a game.
`The game downloading procedure is controlled at the
`Server So that only authorized games are permitted to be
`downloaded. Each game is encrypted with an encryption key
`unique to each individual hard drive. The server utilizes the
`unique ID and encryption keys for each deck to encrypt
`downloaded game Software. The Server has a list of at least
`three items for each game, including the unique expansion
`device ID, e.g., Serial number, an expansion device box
`encryption key, used for communications between the Server
`and the expansion device, and a game encryption key which
`is utilized by the Server to encrypt games for the expansion
`device 95. In playing a game, the Server identifies to a disk
`controller in an expansion device 95, the disk partitions to
`which that particular game may have access. In accordance
`with the illustrative embodiments, the game program is
`decrypted by the disk controller encrypting engine before it
`may be played.
`The above-described features and other advantages of the
`present invention will become apparent from the following
`detailed description of the present invention when taken in
`conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`FIG. 1A is a perspective illustration of an exemplary
`embodiment of the present invention.
`FIG. 1B is a block diagram of part of FIG. 1A.
`FIG. 1C is an illustrative component interconnection
`diagram showing an exemplary embodiment of the present
`invention in a home Video game System context.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of
`a Video game console coupled to a game cartridge.
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the system shown in FIGS.
`1A and 1B showing the expansion device in further detail.
`FIG. 4 is a more detailed block diagram of the expansion
`device shown in FIG. 3 depicting a preferred integrated
`modem and mass Storage device control.
`FIGS. 5A and 5B are a block diagram of the video circuit
`shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
`FIG. 6A is a block diagram depicting an exemplary
`picture-in-picture generating circuit in further detail in con
`junction with other components shown in FIG. 5A and FIG.
`5B.
`FIG. 6B shows an exemplary implementation of picture
`in-picture generating circuit 260 shown in FIG. 6A.
`FIGS. 6C and 6D show exemplary overlay screen dis
`plays which may be generated in accordance with the
`present invention.
`FIG. 7 depicts the audio/modem processing circuit in
`further detail.
`FIG. 8 is an exemplary Video game System memory map.
`FIG. 9 shows exemplary contents of an interrupt status
`register.
`FIG. 10 is a block diagram of system software modules in
`accordance with the present exemplary embodiment.
`FIG. 11 is an exemplary block/flow diagram of security
`features which may be utilized in the illustrative embodi
`mentS.
`FIG. 12 is an illustrative block diagram showing the data
`and control Signal flow between the Video game System and
`the media engine.
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`FIG. 13 is a more detailed block diagram of the media
`engine hardware components.
`FIG. 14 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of
`an exemplary hashing algorithm.
`FIGS. 15A through 15G are exemplary data packets used
`in the security system described in the illustrative embodi
`mentS.
`FIG. 16 is an exemplary start download packet used
`during the download process.
`FIGS. 17A and 17B are a flowchart depicting an illustra
`tive download process.
`FIG. 18A is an illustration of an exemplary partition table
`stored in disk drive.
`FIG. 18b is an associated partition table status bit table.
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
`Prior to explaining the details of an exemplary embodi
`ment of the Security System of the present invention, an
`illustrative Video game System with which the exemplary
`Security System is designed to operate will first be explained
`in conjunction with FIGS. 1 through 10. The security
`features in accordance with various illustrative embodi
`ments will then be explained in detail in conjunction with
`FIGS. 11 through 17.
`FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a presently preferred
`embodiment of the present invention showing an exemplary
`Video game System 50 connected to a communications and
`bulk media expansion device 95. In the present exemplary
`embodiment, the Video game System 50 may, for example,
`be the commercially available Nintendo 64 Video Game
`System. It should be recognized that the present invention is
`not limited to use with this exemplary video game System
`but rather may be adapted for use with a wide range of
`existing Video game Systems. Additionally, although the
`present invention is illustratively described using an add-on
`expansion device, it is contemplated that the enhanced video
`game System described herein may alternatively be pack
`aged in a common integrated housing and Sold as a Single
`unit.
`In accordance with one embodiment of the present
`invention, expansion device 95 is connected to an expansion
`port (not shown) located, for example, on the bottom hous
`ing portion of Video game System 50. Even with the expan
`sion device 95 attached to the video game 50, if a game
`cartridge 54 is inserted into the console 52, the system will
`Start under control of the program resident in cartridge 54.
`Otherwise, it will Start under control of a program resident
`on the hard disk drive embodied in expansion device 95 as
`described below.
`Expansion device 95, as shown in FIG. 1A, is preferably
`mechanically configured to match the appearance of the
`Video game System console 52 and includes a modem and
`hard disk drive, as well as many other features described in
`detail below. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment,
`expansion device 95 allows a Video game player to dial up
`a network Service provider and communicate over the Ser
`vice provider's network to access and Surf the World Wide
`Web, Send and receive e-mail, Send real time messages and
`chat, play games and/or download Video and/or audio infor
`mation to the expansion device 95's hard disk drive. The
`expansion device 95 Supports disk-based game play with
`both program and game data Storage. The hard disk drive
`preferably has a capacity of at least one gigabyte. The
`modem associated with expansion device 95 should prefer
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`ably be at least V.34 (33.6 baud) in performance and support
`caller ID, full dupleX Speaker phone and answering machine
`functions. Communication expansion device 95 is designed
`to be connected to external peripherals Such as printers and
`Video components and includes a cable TV tuner and Video
`circuitry having picture-in-picture Video capability and
`Video overlay capability providing the ability to mix tele
`Vision Video and Video generated during video game play.
`As shown in FIG. 1A, video game system 50 includes a
`main console 52, a Video game Storage device 54, and
`handheld controllers 56a,b (or other user input devices).
`Main console 52 is connected to a conventional home color
`television set 58. Television set 58 displays 3D video game
`images on its television Screen 60 and reproduces Stereo
`Sound through its SpeakerS 62a, b.
`In the illustrative embodiment, the Video game Storage
`device 54 is in the form of a replaceable memory cartridge
`insertable into a slot 64 on a top surface 66 of console 52.
`A wide variety of alternative program Storage media are
`contemplated by the present invention such as CD ROM,
`floppy disk, etc. In this exemplary embodiment, Video game
`Storage device 54 comprises a plastic housing 68 encasing a
`printed circuit board 70. Printed circuit board 70 has an edge
`72 defining a number of electrical contacts 74. When the
`Video game Storage device 68 is inserted into main console
`slot 64, the cartridge electrical contacts 74 mate with cor
`responding "edge connector' electrical contacts within the
`main console This action electrically connects the Storage
`device printed circuit board 72 to the electronics within main
`console 52. In this example, at least a “read only memory”
`chip 76 is disposed on printed circuitboard 70 within storage
`device housing 68. This “read only memory' chip 76 stores
`instructions and other information pertaining to a particular
`Video game. The read only memory chip 76 for one game
`cartridge Storage device 54 may, for example, contain
`instructions and other information for an adventure game
`while another Storage device 54 may contain instructions
`and information to play a car race game, an educational
`game, etc. If the System is being operated using a game
`cartridge as opposed to via the expansion device 95, to play
`one game as opposed to another game, the user of Video
`game System 50 need only plug the appropriate Storage
`device 54 into main console slot 64-thereby connecting the
`Storage device's read only memory chip 76 (and any other
`circuitry it may contain) to console 52. This enables a
`computer System embodied within console 52 to access the
`information contained within read only memory 76, which
`information controls the console computer System to play
`the appropriate Video game by displaying images and repro
`ducing Sound on color television Set 58 as Specified under
`control of the read only memory game program information.
`In accordance with one exemplary implementation, to Set
`up the Video game System 50 for game play, the user first
`connects console 52 to color television set 58 by hooking a
`cable 78 between the two. Console 52 produces both “video”
`Signals and “audio' signals for controlling color television
`set 58. The “video' signals control the images displayed on
`the television screen 60 and the “audio' signals are played
`back as Sound through television loudspeaker 62. Depending
`on the type of color television set 58, it may be necessary to
`connect a conventional “RF modulator” between console 52
`and color television set 58. This “RF modulator” (not
`shown) converts the direct Video and audio outputs of
`console 52 into a broadcast type television signal (e.g., for
`a television channel 2 or 3) that can be received and
`processed using the television Sets internal “tuner.” Other
`conventional color television sets 58 have direct video and
`audio input jacks and therefore don’t need this intermediary
`RF modulator.
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