The Wiley Dictionary
`of
`
`Civil Engineering
`and
`
`Construction
`
`Compiled and Edited by
`
`L. E Webster
`
`A Wiley-Interscience Publication
`
`
`
`Skechers U.S.A., Inc. v. Nike,
`Inc.
`IPR2021-00159
`Patent No. 10,098,412
`Ex. 2009
`
`John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
`New York - Chichester - Weinheim - Brisbane - Singapore - Toronto
`
`
`
`EX. 2009 - Page 1
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`EX. 2009 - Page 1
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`

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`This text is printed on acid-free paper.
`
`Copyright © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
`
`All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada.
`
`Reproduction or translation of any part of this work beyond
`that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United
`States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright
`owner is unlawful. Requests for permission or firrther
`information should be addressed to the Permissions Department,
`John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY
`10158-0012.
`
`This publication is designed to provide accurate and
`authoritative information in regard to the subject
`matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that
`the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting,
`or other professional services. If legal advice or other
`expert assistance is required, the services of a competent
`professional person should be sought.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in—Publicarian Dara:
`
`Webster, L. F. (Len F.), 1929-
`The Wiley dictionary of civil engineering and construction/ Len
`Webster.
`cm.
`p.
`“A Wiley-lnterscience Publication.”
`Includes index.
`
`ISBN 0-471-18l15-3 (pbk. : alk. paper)
`1. Civil engineering—Dictionaries. 2. Construction equipment—
`Dictionaries. 3. Forests and Forestry—Dictionaries. 4. Strip
`mining—Dictionaries. 5. Surveying—Dictionaries. 1. Title.
`TA9.W44 1997
`624'.03—<lc21
`
`97-1237
`
`Printed in the United States of America
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`10
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`9
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`8
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`7 6 5 4 3 21
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`EX. 2009 - Page 2
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`EX. 2009 - Page 2
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`

`

`OCULUS - OHMMETER
`
`OCULUS Circular opening occasionally formed at the
`top of a dome.
`OD Abbreviation for: outside diameter; outside di-
`mension; overall diameter; overdnve.
`
`ODOMETER Instrument for recording distance cov-
`ered by a moving vehicle.
`
`odor]. Abbreviation for: odorless.
`ODOR THRESHOLD LOWest concentration ofa vapor
`that can be detected by smell.
`
`OE Abbreviation for: original equipment.
`OEM Abbreviation for: original equipment manufac-
`turcr.
`
`OF Abbreviation fiJr: outside face; oxygen-free.
`
`off. Abbreviation for: Office.
`
`OFF-CENTER See Eccentricity.
`
`offen. Abbreviation for: offensive.
`
`OFF-GAS Gaseous products from chemical decompo-
`sition of a material.
`
`OFF GAUGE Not confonning to a specified thick-
`HESS.
`
`OFF GRADE Bonded abrasive materials that are not
`of exact grade.
`OFFHAND GRINDING Where the work is held in
`the operator’s hand. Also known as Freehand grind-
`ing, and Hand grinding.
`
`OFF HIGHWAY Vehicle operation over private roads
`of asphalt or maintained crushed rock surface or simi-
`lar material at variable grades. Not subject to legal
`weight and dimensional limitations. See also Off road.
`
`OFF-HIGHWAY SERVICE Operation exclusively
`upon private roads or job sites, typically involving
`unprepared surfaces and steep
`es. Not subject to
`federal and/or state or provincial weight and length
`regulations.
`OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCK See Truck.
`
`OFFICE Space within a building primarily used for
`administrative or clerical work.
`
`offl Abbreviation for: oflicial.
`
`OFF-PREMISES SIGN Outdoor sign, display, or
`device advertising a service or product at a location
`other than on the property where such service or prod-
`uct may be obtained. See also On-premises sign.
`
`OFF ROAD Slow-speed operations over uneven sur-
`faces. Not subject to legal weight and dimensional
`limitations. See also Off highway.
`
`OFFSET 1. Abrupt change in alignment or dimension,
`either horizontally or vertically. See also Lateral de-
`flection, and Longitudinal centerline; 2. Something
`that is set off, or has sprung or developed, from some-
`thing else, Le, a ledge or recess formed in a wall by
`reducing its thickness; 3. In plumbing, a combination
`of elbows or bends that brings one section of a pipe out
`of line but parallel with the other section; 4. Horizontal
`distance measured at right angles to a survey line.
`
`OFF-PEAK ELECTRICAL HEATING See Heat-
`ing system
`
`0g. Abbreviation for: ogee.
`
`OG Abbreviation for: on grade.
`
`393
`
`EX. 2009 — Page 3
`
`E Angle between the longitudinal
`OFFSET ANGL
`_
`_
`,
`centeflinc ofa jib and the longitudinal centerline of the
`boom on which it is mounted.
`OFFSET BASE See Longitudinal centerline.
`OFFSET BEND 1. Intentional distortion from the
`normal straightness of a steel reinforcing bar In order
`to move the center line of a segment of the bar to a
`osition parallel
`to the original position of the Pcnter
`inc; 2. Mechanical operation commonly applied to
`vertical bars that reinforce concrete columns.
`
`OFFSET DIGGING Digging with the boom of a
`ladder ditcher not centered in the machine.
`
`OFFSET FITTING Pipe fitting having two changes
`of direction, one offsetting the other.
`
`OFFSET FLY Fly section that is capable of being
`pinned at differing angles.
`the blade
`OFFSET SCREWDRIVER Screwdriver,
`of which works at right angles to the handle, used in
`confined places.
`OFFSET WOODRUFF KEY Woodruff key that is
`offset so that the gear it turns on a shaft allows the
`shaft to be retarded or advanced a set amount.
`
`OFFSET YIELD STRENGTH Stress at which the
`strain exceeds, by a specified amount, an extensron of
`the initially proportional part of the stress-strain curve,
`expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length
`in conjunction with the strength value, or as force per
`unit area.
`
`OFFSHORE LEAD See Lead.
`
`OFFSIDE 1. Side of a tree opposite the side where the
`faller stands when falling or bucking; 2. Side of the
`body opposite to that normally used to hold a chain
`saw.
`
`OFF-SITE COST Construction-related expenditure
`incurred away from the construction site.
`OFF-SITE IMPROVEMENT Work that is neces-
`sary for the completion of a subdivision or develop-
`ment but that is not directly on the lots to be sold.
`
`OFF-THE-ROAD TIRE Tire designed primarily for
`use over unpaved roads, or where no road exists. Built
`for ruggedness and traction rather than spwd.
`
`OGEE Profile made up of intersecting concave and
`convex curves. See also Arch, and Spillway.
`
`OH Abbreviation for: oval head; overhead.
`
`O/I-I Abbreviation for: overhaul.
`
`oh.g Abbreviation for: overhead guard.
`
`OHM One of 17 derived units with special names 0f
`the SI system of measurement: a unit of electric resist-
`ance between two points of a conductor when a con-
`stant difference of potential of l V applied between
`these two points produces in this conductor a current of
`l A, the conductor not being the source of any electro-
`motive force. Symbol: O (1!) =1 VIA). See also the
`appendix: Metric and nonmetric measurement.
`
`OHMMETER Meter used to measure electrical re-
`sistance.
`
` g
`
`EX. 2009 - Page 3
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