US010337196B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`US 10,337,196 B2
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Jul. 2, 2019
`Reigstad et al.
`
`(54) LOAD-CARRYING CONCRETE FLOOR
`STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR BUILDING
`THE LOAD-CARRYING CONCRETE FLOOR
`STRUCTURE
`
`(71) Applicant: Reigstad & Associates, Inc., Saint
`Paul, MN (US)
`
`(72)
`
`Inventors: Gordon H. Reigstad, Saint Paul, MN
`(US); Jason G. Reigstad, White Bear
`Lake, MN (US)
`
`23/0203 (2013.01); E04G 23/0218 (2013.01);
`E04G 23/0288 (2013.01); E04B 2103/02
`(2013.01)
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`CPC . E04G 23/02; E04G 23/0203; E04G 23/0218;
`E04G 23/0285; E04G 23/0288; E04G
`23/0237; E04B 5/16; E04B 5/17; E04B
`5/19; E04B 5/32; E04B 5/02; E04B
`2103/02; E04B 5/04; E04C 5/08; E04C
`5/02; E04C 5/06; Y10T 29/49746; Y10T
`29/49993
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(73) Assignee: REIGSTAD & ASSOCIATES, INC.,
`Saint Paul, MN (US)
`
`(56)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 15/945,318
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Apr. 4, 2018
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2018/0283024 A1
`
`Oct. 4, 2018
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 62/481,176, filed on Apr.
`4, 2017.
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`E04G 23/02
`E04C 5/06
`E043 5/04
`E043 5/16
`E04C 5/02
`(52) US. Cl.
`CPC ............ E04G 23/0237 (2013.01); E043 5/04
`(2013.01); E043 5/16 (2013.01); E04C 5/02
`(2013.01); E04C 5/06 (2013.01); E04G
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,574,545 A *
`
`4,706,430 A *
`
`5,044,139 A *
`
`3/1986 Reigstad ............. E04G23/0218
`264/228
`11/1987 Sugita ....................... E04C 5/07
`428/109
`9/1991 Mills ................... E04G23/0218
`52/2238
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner 7 Adriana Figueroa
`Assistant Examiner 7 Jessie T Fonseca
`
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm 7 Hamre, Schumann,
`Mueller & Larson, PC.
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A construction process for enhancing or repairing a concrete
`floor structure that includes a carbon fiber grid as a rein-
`forcement component is disclosed. The process includes
`forming a trench at a top surface of the concrete floor
`structure, and placing a reinforcement material in the formed
`trench. Then, a concrete bonding agent is applied into the
`trench. Then, the trench is filled with concrete. As a result,
`the concrete floor structure is enhanced or repaired to have
`at least one additional reinforcement component other than
`the carbon fiber grid.
`
`15 Claims, 21 Drawing Sheets
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`/ 200
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`A 230b
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`US 10,337,196 B2
` Page 2
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,185,013 A *
`
`5,540,030 A *
`
`5,894,003 A *
`
`6,291,368 B1*
`
`6,416,693 B1*
`
`6,532,714 B1*
`
`2/1993 Martin .................. E01C 11/005
`156/94
`7/1996 Morrow .................. E04G21/12
`264/228
`4/1999 Lockwood .......... E04G23/0218
`156/94
`9/2001 Lee ......................... B32B 27/12
`442/6
`7/2002 Lockwood .......... E04G 23/0218
`156/94
`3/2003 Ferm ....................... E01C 7/147
`404/64
`5/2018 Merlob ..................... E04B1/41
`9,963,870 B2*
`2002/0157344 A1* 10/2002 Dean ................... E04G23/0229
`52/742.1
`............ E04G23/0218
`52/514
`6/2015 Shiota ................. E04G23/0218
`52/514
`2015/0300033 A1* 10/2015 Weber ................. E04G23/0214
`52/514
`
`2012/0073231 A1*
`
`3/2012 Hemphill
`
`2015/0167332 A1*
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.2
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.2
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 1 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
`
`fig. 1
`
`/ 100
`
`Form a trench at a top surface of a
`load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`Arrange a reinforcement material
`into the trench
`
`and to the concrete bonding agent)
`
`Apply a concrete bonding agent to an
`internal side surface of the trench
`
`Fill the trench with concrete (bonding
`concrete to the reinforcement material
`
`110
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`120
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`130
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`140
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.3
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.3
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 2 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.4
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 3 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`gag. 2C
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.5
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.5
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 4 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`fig. 3/71
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.6
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.6
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 5 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.7
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.7
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2 201
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`omw
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.8
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 7 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`fig. 5
`
`/ 500
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`Arrange a horizontal reinforcement member below
`a bottom surface of a flange of a load-carrying
`concrete floor structure
`
`Connect an end of the horizontal reinforcement
`
`member to a side of a first supporting member of the
`load-carrying concrete floor structure, and connect
`the other end of the horizontal reinforcement member
`
`
`
`to a side of a second supporting member of the
`load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`Provide and position reinforcement material into a
`space between the bottom surface of the flange and the
`horizontal reinforcement member (to support the flange)
`
`510
`
`520
`
`530
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.9
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.9
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 8 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`
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`.0we.Nmo
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`mSum
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.10
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.10
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 9 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`
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`kfig
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.11
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.11
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 10 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`fig. 8
`
`/ 800
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`Arrange a vertical reinforcement member below
`a bottom surface of a flange of a load-carrying
`
`concrete floor structure
`
`Connect an end of the vertical reinforcement
`
`load-carrying concrete floor structure.
`
`member to the bottom surface of the flange of the
`
`Arrange a horizontal reinforcement member below the
`bottom surface of the flange of the load-carrying
`concrete floor structure so that the other end of the
`
`horizontal reinforcement member
`
`vertical reinforcement member adjoins a side of the
`
`Connect the other end of the vertical reinforcement
`
`member to the side of the horizontal reinforcement
`
`810
`
`820
`
`830
`
`840
`
`850
`
`member
`load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`Connect an end of the horizontal reinforcement
`
`member to a side of a first supporting member of the
`load-carrying concrete floor structure, and connect
`the other end of the horizontal reinforcement member
`
`to a side of a second supporting member of the
`
`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.12
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.12
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`

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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.13
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 12 0f 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`fig. 1 0
`
`/ 1000
`
`Arrange a horizontal reinforcement member below
`a bottom surface of a flange of a load-carrying
`concrete floor structure
`
`Connect an end of the horizontal reinforcement
`
`member to a side of a first supporting member of the
`load-carrying concrete floor structure, and connect
`the other end of the horizontal reinforcement member
`
`load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`to a side of a second supporting member of the
`
`Arrange a vertical reinforcement member below the
`bottom surface of the flange of the load-carrying
`concrete floor structure and on a side of the
`
`
`
`horizontal reinforcement member
`
`Connect an end of the vertical reinforcement member
`
`to the side of the horizontal reinforcement member
`
`Connect the other end of the vertical reinforcement
`
`load-carrying concrete floor structure with a connector
`
`member to the bottom surface of the flange of the
`
`1010
`
`1020
`
`1 030
`
`1040
`
`1 050
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.14
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.14
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 13 0f 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.15
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.15
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 14 0f 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`971g. 12
`
`/ 1200
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`Arrange a horizontal reinforcement member below
`bottom surfaces of flanges of a first load-carrying
`concrete floor structure and a second load-carrying
`concrete floor structure wherein the flange of the first
`load-carrying concrete floor structure adjoins the flange
`of the second load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`Connect an end of the horizontal reinforcement
`
`member to a side of a supporting member included
`in the first load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`
`
`1210
`
`1220
`
`1230
`
`Connect the other end of the horizontal reinforcement
`
`member to a side of a supporting member included
`in the second load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.16
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.16
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 15 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`
`
`
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`fig.13/21
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.17
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.17
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 16 0f 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.18
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.18
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`
`
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 17 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`fig. 14
`
`/ 1400
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`Arrange a first vertical reinforcement member below a
`bottom surface of a flange of a first load-carrying concrete
`floor structure, and connect an end of the first vertical
`reinforcement member to the bottom surface of the
`
`flange of the first load—carrying concrete floor structure
`
`
`
`Arrange a second vertical reinforcement member below a
`bottom surface of a flange of a second load-carrying concrete
`floor structure, and connect an end of the second vertical
`reinforcement member to the bottom surface of the flange of
`the second load-carrying concrete floor structure, wherein the
`flange of the second load-carrying concrete floor structure adjoins
`the flange of the first load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`
`
`
`
`Arrange a horizontal reinforcement member below bottom
`surfaces of flanges of the first load-carrying concrete floor
`structure and second load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`
`
`Connect the other end of the first vertical reinforcement member
`
`member to the side of the horizontal reinforcement member
`
`to the side of the horizontal reinforcement member, and
`connect the other end of the second vertical reinforcement
`
`1410
`
`1420
`
`1430
`
`1440
`
`1450
`
`Connect an end of the horizontal reinforcement member to a
`
`the second load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`side of a supporting member of the first load-carrying concrete
`floor structure, and connect the other end of the horizontal
`reinforcement member to side of a supporting member of
`
`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.19
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.19
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 18 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`
`
`fig.15
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`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.20
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.20
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 19 of 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`fig. 1 6
`
`f 1600
`
`
`
`Arrange a horizontal reinforcement member below bottom
`
`
`surfaces of flanges of a first load-carrying concrete floor structure
`and a second load-carrying concrete floor structure, wherein
`
`
`the flange of the first floor structure adjoins the flange of
`
`the second floor structure
`
`Connect an end of the horizontal reinforcement member to a
`
`of the second load-carrying concrete floor structure
`
`side of a supporting member of the first load-carrying concrete
`floor structure, and connect the other end of the horizontal
`reinforcement member to a side of a supporting member
`
`
`
`Arrange a vertical reinforcement member below a portion
`in which the first load-carrying concrete floor structure and
`the second load-carrying concrete floor structure adjoins each
`other and on a side of the horizontal reinforcement member
`
`Connect an end of the vertical reinforcement member to the
`side of the horizontal reinforcement member
`
`1610
`
`1620
`
`1630
`
`1640
`
`1650
`
`Connect the other end of the vertical reinforcement member
`
`to the bottom surface of the flange of the first load-carrying
`concrete floor structure with a first connector, and connect the
`other end of the vertical reinforcement member to the
`
`concrete floor structure with a second connector
`
`bottom surface of the flange of the second load—carrying
`
`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.21
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.21
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 20 0f 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.22
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 2, 2019
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`Sheet 21 0f 21
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`US 10,337,196 B2
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`Metromont Ex-1001, p.23
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`

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`US 10,337,196 B2
`
`1
`LOAD-CARRYING CONCRETE FLOOR
`STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR BUILDING
`THE LOAD-CARRYING CONCRETE FLOOR
`STRUCTURE
`
`FIELD
`
`This description generally relates to concrete floor struc-
`tures and methods for building or repairing the concrete
`floor structures.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`load-carrying concrete systems are
`Generally, precast
`pre-manufactured, for example from prestressed concrete,
`by building them on pretensioning beds. The precast load-
`carrying concrete systems can be used for construction such
`as floor and roof systems, parking structures, and bridges.
`The precast load-carrying concrete systems can also be used
`as diaphragms to transfer lateral loads to a structure. Spe-
`cifically, a precast load-carrying concrete floor structure can
`include a flange or slab and at least one vertical supporting
`member (also known as a stem). The flange or slab can be
`reinforced with a carbon fiber reinforcing grid (“C-Grid”)
`within the flange or slab.
`
`BRIEF SUMMARY
`
`It has been discovered that a load-carrying concrete floor
`structure with C-Grid placed inside the flange or slab can
`lead to catastrophic failure, such as the load-carrying con-
`crete floor structure rupturing or breaking apart abruptly
`without any warning or with very little warning. The load-
`carrying concrete floor structure and the method disclosed
`herein can prevent such failure, and extend the lifespan of
`the load-carrying concrete floor structure.
`In an embodiment, a method for building a load-carrying
`concrete floor structure includes forming one or more
`trench(es) at a top surface of the load-carrying concrete floor
`structure; arranging one or more reinforcement material(s)
`into each of the trenches; applying a concrete bonding agent
`to an internal side surface of each of the trenches; and filling
`each of the trenches with concrete. In an embodiment, the
`reinforcement material may be or include at
`least one
`selected from a group consisting of a steel reinforcing bar,
`an epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon
`fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, a stainless steel bar (e.g.,
`a 0.375" to 0.75" stainless steel bar or as required by design),
`and a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the load-
`carrying concrete floor structure may include a flange and
`two supporting members that support the flange, and form-
`ing the trench may include forming the trench at the top
`surface of the flange between the two supporting members.
`In an embodiment, the trench may be at least 1.5 inches deep
`from the top surface of the load-carrying concrete floor
`structure. In an embodiment, forming the trench may include
`forming the trench across a width of the top surface of the
`flange. In an embodiment, forming the trench may include
`forming the trench across at least a half of a width of the top
`surface of the flange. In an embodiment, the trench may be
`at least 2 inches deep from the top surface of the flange. In
`an embodiment, the trench extends along the entire length of
`the flange. In an embodiment, the trench has two depths, a
`first depth being deeper than a second depth, and the first
`depth extending from about a position of one of the two
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`2
`
`supporting members to the other one of the two supporting
`members, and the second depth extending along the entire
`length of the flange.
`In an embodiment, forming a trench at the top surface of
`the flange of the load-carrying concrete floor structure
`includes forming at least two trenches with spacing between
`them (along a width direction so that the two trenches are
`substantially parallel to each other) at the top surface of the
`flange.
`In an embodiment,
`the reinforcement material
`includes a positive moment reinforcement material, and the
`method may further include, after arranging the reinforce-
`ment material, arranging a negative moment reinforcement
`material over the positive moment reinforcement material.
`In an embodiment, the method may further include sand-
`blasting or other means of roughening the trench surfaces,
`prior to filling the trench with concrete. In an embodiment,
`the load-carrying concrete floor structure includes a flange
`and a supporting member that supports the flange, and the
`method may further include arranging a horizontal rein-
`forcement member below a bottom surface of the flange, and
`connecting an end of the reinforcement member to a side of
`the supporting member.
`In an embodiment, the load-carrying concrete floor struc-
`ture may include a flange and two supporting members that
`support the flange, and the method may further include
`arranging a vertical reinforcement member below a bottom
`surface of the flange such that an end of the vertical
`reinforcement member adjoins the bottom surface of the
`flange; arranging a horizontal reinforcement member below
`the bottom surface of the flange such that the other end of the
`vertical reinforcement member adjoins a side of the hori-
`zontal reinforcement; connecting an end of the horizontal
`reinforcement member to a side of one of supporting mem-
`bers; and connecting the other end of the horizontal rein-
`forcement member to a side of the other of the supporting
`members. In an embodiment, the horizontal reinforcement
`member may include at least one selected from a group
`consisting of a steel reinforcing bar, an epoxy-coated rein-
`forcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-based
`reinforcing bar, and a combination thereof. In an embodi-
`ment, the vertical reinforcement member may include at
`least one selected from a group consisting of a steel rein-
`forcing bar, an epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber
`bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, a stainless
`steel bar (e.g., a 0.375" to 0.75" stainless steel bar or as
`required by design), and a combination thereof.
`In an embodiment, a method for building a load-carrying
`concrete floor structure including a flange and at least two
`supporting members supporting the flange, may include
`arranging a horizontal reinforcement member below a bot-
`tom surface of the flange; connecting an end of the hori-
`zontal reinforcement member to a side of a first supporting
`member; and connecting the other end of the horizontal
`reinforcement member to a side of a second supporting
`member. In an embodiment, the horizontal reinforcement
`material may include at least one selected from a group
`consisting of a steel reinforcing bar, an epoxy-coated rein-
`forcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-based
`reinforcing bar, a stainless steel bar (e.g., a 0.375" to 0.75"
`stainless steel bar or as required by design), and a combi-
`nation thereof.
`
`In an embodiment, a method for building a load-carrying
`concrete floor structure including a flange and two support-
`ing members supporting the flange, may include arranging a
`vertical reinforcement member below a bottom surface of
`
`the flange; connecting an end of the vertical reinforcement
`member to the bottom surface of the flange; arranging a
`
`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.24
`
`Metromont Ex-1001, p.24
`
`

`

`US 10,337,196 B2
`
`3
`horizontal reinforcement member below the bottom surface
`
`of the flange so that the other end of the vertical reinforce-
`ment member adjoins a side of the horizontal reinforcement;
`connecting the other end of the vertical reinforcement mem-
`ber to the side of the horizontal reinforcement member;
`connecting an end of the horizontal reinforcement member
`to a side of a first support member; and connecting the other
`end of the horizontal reinforcement member to a side of a
`
`second supporting member. In an embodiment, the vertical
`reinforcement member may include at least one selected
`from a group consisting of a steel reinforcing bar, an
`epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon
`fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, a stainless steel bar (e.g.,
`a 0.375" to 0.75" stainless steel bar or as required by design),
`and a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the horizontal
`reinforcement member may include at least one selected
`from a group consisting of a steel reinforcing bar, an
`epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon
`fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, a stainless steel bar (e.g.,
`a 0.375" to 0.75" stainless steel bar or as required by design),
`and a combination thereof.
`
`In an embodiment, a method for building a load-carrying
`concrete floor structure including a flange and at least two
`supporting member that supports the flange, may include
`arranging a horizontal reinforcement member below a bot-
`tom surface of the flange; connecting an end of the hori-
`zontal reinforcement member to a side of a first supporting
`member and connecting the other end of the horizontal
`reinforcement member to a side of a second supporting
`member; arranging a vertical reinforcement member below
`the bottom surface of the flange and on the side of the
`horizontal reinforcement member; connecting an end of the
`vertical reinforcement member to the side of the horizontal
`
`4
`each other, and on a side of the horizontal reinforcement
`member; connecting an end of the vertical reinforcement
`member to a side of the horizontal reinforcement member;
`and connecting the other end of the vertical reinforcement
`member to the bottom surface of the flange of the first
`load-carrying concrete floor structure with a first connector,
`and connect the other end of the vertical reinforcement
`
`member to the bottom surface of the flange of the second
`load-carrying concrete floor structure with a second connec-
`tor.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`In an embodiment, a method for building a combination
`of a plurality of load-carrying concrete floor structures
`including a flange and a supporting member that supports
`the flange, may include arranging a first vertical reinforce-
`ment member below a bottom surface of a flange of a first
`load-carrying concrete floor structure and connecting an end
`of the first vertical reinforcement member to the bottom
`
`surface of the flange of the first load-carrying concrete floor
`structure; arranging a second vertical reinforcement member
`below a bottom surface of a flange of a second load-carrying
`concrete floor structure and connecting an end of the second
`vertical reinforcement member to the bottom surface of the
`
`flange of the second load-carrying concrete floor structure,
`wherein the flange of the second load-carrying concrete floor
`structure adjoins the flange of the first load-carrying con-
`crete floor structure; arranging a horizontal reinforcement
`member below bottom surfaces of flanges of the first load-
`carrying concrete floor structure and second load-carrying
`concrete floor structure so that both the other ends of the first
`vertical reinforcement member and second vertical rein-
`
`forcement member adjoins a side of the horizontal reinforce-
`ment member; connecting the other end of the first vertical
`reinforcement member to the side of the horizontal rein-
`
`reinforcement member; and connecting the other end of the
`vertical reinforcement member to the bottom surface of the
`
`35
`
`forcement member and connecting the other end of the
`second vertical reinforcement member to the side of the
`
`the vertical
`flange with a connector. In an embodiment,
`reinforcement member may include at least one selected
`from a group consisting of a steel reinforcing bar, an
`epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon
`fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, and a combination
`thereof. In an embodiment,
`the horizontal reinforcement
`member may include at least one selected from a group
`consisting of a steel reinforcing bar, an epoxy-coated rein-
`forcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-based
`reinforcing bar, a stainless steel bar (e.g., a 0.375" to 0.75"
`stainless steel bar or as required by design), and a combi-
`nation thereof.
`
`In an embodiment, a method for building a combination
`of a plurality of load-carrying concrete floor structures
`including a flange and a supporting member that supports
`the flange, may include arranging a horizontal reinforcement
`member below bottom surfaces of flanges of a first load-
`carrying concrete floor structure and a second load-carrying
`concrete floor structure among a plurality of load-carrying
`concrete floor structures, wherein the flange of the first
`load-carrying concrete floor structure adjoins the flange of
`the second load-carrying concrete floor structure; connect-
`ing an end of the horizontal reinforcement member to a side
`of a supporting member included in a first load-carrying
`concrete floor structure; and connecting the other end of the
`horizontal reinforcement member to a side of a supporting
`member included in a second load-carrying concrete floor
`structure.
`
`the method may further include
`In an embodiment,
`arranging a vertical reinforcement member below a portion,
`in which the first load-carrying concrete floor structure and
`the second load-carrying concrete floor structure adjoins
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`horizontal reinforcement member; and connecting an end of
`the horizontal reinforcement member to a side of a support-
`ing member of the first load-carrying concrete floor structure
`and connecting the other end of the horizontal reinforcement
`member to a side of a supporting member of the second
`load-carrying concrete floor structure.
`In an embodiment, the first vertical reinforcement mem-
`ber and second vertical reinforcement member may include
`at least one selected from a group consisting of a steel
`reinforcing bar, an epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon
`fiber bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, and a
`combination thereof. In an embodiment, the horizontal rein-
`forcement member may include at least one selected from a
`group consisting of a steel reinforcing bar, an epoxy-coated
`reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-
`based reinforcing bar, a stainless steel bar (e.g., a 0.375" to
`0.75" stainless steel bar or as required by design), and a
`combination thereof.
`
`In an embodiment, a load-carrying concrete floor struc-
`ture may include a flange and a supporting member that
`supports the flange. The flange may include a first concrete
`layer; a carbon fiber grid (“C-Grid”) disposed on the first
`concreted layer; a reinforcement material disposed over the
`C-Grid; and a second concrete layer disposed on the rein-
`forcement material. In an embodiment,
`the flange may
`further include a third concrete layer disposed between the
`C-Grid and the reinforcement material. In an embodiment,
`the flange may further include a bonding agent disposed
`between the C-Grid and the reinforcement material. In an
`
`embodiment, the reinforcement material may include at least
`one selected from a group consisting of a steel reinforcing
`bar, an epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a
`
`Metromont EX-1OO1, p.25
`
`Metromont Ex-1001, p.25
`
`

`

`US 10,337,196 B2
`
`5
`carbon fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, a stainless steel
`bar (e.g., a 0.375" to 0.75" stainless steel bar or as required
`by design), and a combination thereof. In an embodiment,
`the load-carrying concrete floor structure may include at
`least two supporting members that support the flange, and
`the reinforcement material
`is disposed over the C-Grid
`between the at least two supporting members. In an embodi-
`ment, the reinforcement material may be disposed 1.5 inches
`deep from a top surface of the flange. In an embodiment, the
`reinforcement material may be disposed over the C-Grid
`across a width of the flange. In an embodiment, the rein-
`forcement material may be disposed over the C-Grid across
`at least a half of a width of the flange. In an embodiment, the
`reinforcement material may be disposed at least 2 inches
`deep from a top surface of the flange. In an embodiment, the
`reinforcement material may include a positive moment
`reinforcement material and a negative moment reinforce-
`ment material over the positive moment reinforcement mate-
`rial.
`
`In an embodiment, the load-carrying concrete floor struc-
`ture may further include a reinforcement member disposed
`below a bottom of the flange, and an end of the reinforce-
`ment member is connected to a side of the supporting
`member. In an embodiment, the reinforcement member may
`include at least one selected from a group consisting of a
`steel reinforcing bar, an epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a
`carbon fiber bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar,
`and a combination thereof.
`
`In an embodiment, a load-carrying concrete floor struc-
`ture may include a flange including a C-Grid; a supporting
`member that support the flange; and a horizontal reinforce-
`ment member disposed below a bottom of the flange, and an
`end of the horizontal reinforcement member is connected to
`
`a side of the supporting member. In an embodiment, the
`horizontal reinforcement member may include at least one
`selected from a group consisting of a steel reinforcing bar,
`an epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a carbon fiber bar, a carbon
`fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar, and a combination
`thereof. In an embodiment, the load-carrying concrete floor
`structure may include at least two supporting members that
`support the flange, and the end of the horizontal reinforce-
`ment member is connected to a side of a first supporting
`member, and the other end of the horizontal reinforcement
`member is connected to a side of a second supporting
`member.
`
`In an embodiment, the load-carrying concrete floor struc-
`ture may further include a vertical reinforcement member
`between the bottom surface of the flange of the load-
`carrying concrete floor structures and the horizontal rein-
`forcement member. An end of the vertical reinforcement
`
`member may be connected to the bottom surface of the
`flange of the load-carrying concrete floor member, and the
`other end of the vertical reinforcement member is connected
`to a side of the horizontal reinforcement member. In an
`
`reinforcement member may
`the vertical
`embodiment,
`include at least one selected from a group consisting of a
`steel reinforcing bar, an epoxy-coated reinforcing bar, a
`carbon fiber bar, a carbon fiber epoxy-based reinforcing bar,
`and a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the end of the
`vertical reinforcement member may be connected to the
`bottom surface of the flange of the load-carrying concrete
`floor member with a connector.
`
`In an embodiment, a construction structure comprising a
`plurality of load-carrying concrete floor structures, may
`include a first load-carrying concrete floor structure includ-
`ing a first flange and a supporting member supporting the
`second flange; a second load-carrying concrete floor struc-
`
`6
`ture including a second flange and a supporting member
`supporting the second flange; and a horizontal reinforcement
`member disposed below bottom surfaces of the first flange
`and second flange. An end of the horizontal reinforcement
`member may be connected to a side of the first load-carrying
`concrete floor structure, and the other end of the horizontal
`reinforcement member is connected to a side of the second
`
`load-carrying concrete floor structure.
`In an embodiment, the construction structure may further
`include a vertical reinforcement member disposed below a
`portion in which the first flange adjoins the second flange.
`An end of the vertical reinforcement member may be
`connected to the bottom surface of the first flange and the
`bottom surface of the second flange with connectors, and the
`other end of the vertical reinforcement member may be
`connected to a side of the horizontal reinforcement member.
`
`In an embodiment, the construction structure may further
`include a first vertical reinforcement member disposed
`below a bottom surface of the first flange; and a second
`vertical reinforcement member disposed below a bottom
`surface of the second flange. An end of the first vertical
`reinforcement member may be connected to the bottom
`surface of the first flange, and the other end of the first
`vertical r