FILE HISTORY
`US 6,816,464
`
`6,816,464
`PATENT:
`INVENTORS: SCOTT MARK D
`CHENG ANITA T
`
`TITLE:
`
`Method, system, and computer program
`product for route quality checking and
`management
`
`APPLICATION
`NO:
`FILED:
`ISSUED:
`
`US2000660920A
`
`13 SEP 2000
`09 NOV 2004
`
`COMPILED:
`
`06 OCT 2020
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 1 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
`
`

`

`PATENT NUMBER
`
`8818464"
`
`
`
`6811 464IIII i I ll ii111
`
`6816464
`
`-BEST COPY
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`PTO-2040
`12/99
`
`ISSUING CLASSIFICATION
`
`ORIGINAL
`
`CROSS REFERENCE(S)
`
`CLASS
`7c
`INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION
`
`SUBCLASS
`,<_-.
`
`CLASS
`?6
`_
`
`_
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`2-. -'
`2
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`SUBCLASS (ONE SUBCLASS PER BLOCK)
`..s7
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`
`3
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`
`31
`q/9
`S TERMINAL.
`DISCLAIMER
`
`(
`(date)
`
`b The term of this patent
`subsequent to
`has been disclaimed.
`O The term of this patent shall
`not extend beyond the expiration date
`of U.S Patent. No.
`
`.? / Formal Drawingps t a s.. het L, r4
`I //
`
`Continued on Issue Slip Inside File Jacket
`
`Sheets Drwg.
`
`DRAWINGS "
`Figs. Drwg.
`Print Fig.
`
`CLAIMS ALLOWED
`Total Claims
`Print Claim for O.G.
`
`___
`
`I
`
`NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED
`
`sistant Examiner)
`
`(Date)
`
`ISSUE FEE
`
`/,;
`
`,mount Due
`
`D te Pid
`
`(Primary. Examiner)
`
`(Date)
`
`O The terminal
`months of
`this patent have been disclaimed.
`
`/
`
`(Legal Ins r ments Examiner)
`
`_,,_ Y
`
`(Date)
`
`ISSUE BATCH NUMBER
`
`WARNING:
`The information disclosed herein may be restricted. Unauthorized disclosure malfbe prohibited by the United States Code Title 35, Sections 122, 181 and 368.
`Possession outside the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office is restricted to authorized employees and contractors only.
`----
`FILED WITH: 0 DISK (CRF)
`
`Form PTO-436A
`(Rev. 6/99)
`
`FICHE O CD-ROM
`-
`(Attached in pocket on right Inside flap)
`
`ISSUE FEE IN FILE
`
`(FACE)
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 2 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
`
`

`

`6,816,464
`METHOD, SYSTEM, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR
`ROUTE QUALITY CHECKING AND MANAGEMENT
`Transaction History
`
`
`Transaction Description
`Date
`09-13-2000 Initial Exam Team nn
`10-04-2000 IFW Scan & PACR Auto Security Review
`10-25-2000 Correspondence Address Change
`11-02-2000 Application Dispatched from OIPE
`11-14-2000 Case Docketed to Examiner in GAU
`03-12-2002 Case Docketed to Examiner in GAU
`03-21-2002 Information Disclosure Statement (IDS) Filed
`03-21-2002 Information Disclosure Statement (IDS) Filed
`12-01-2003 Case Docketed to Examiner in GAU
`12-15-2003 Non-Final Rejection
`12-19-2003 Mail Non-Final Rejection
`04-19-2004 Response after Non-Final Action
`04-19-2004 Request for Extension of Time - Granted
`04-19-2004 Workflow incoming amendment IFW
`04-27-2004 Date Forwarded to Examiner
`06-14-2004 Notice of Allowance Data Verification Completed
`06-14-2004 Examiner's Amendment Communication
`06-15-2004 Mail Notice of Allowance
`06-15-2004 Mail Examiner's Amendment
`06-23-2004 Dispatch to Publications
`06-24-2004 Workflow - File Sent to Contractor
`06-24-2004 Receipt into Pubs
`06-28-2004 Receipt into Pubs
`08-09-2004 Receipt into Pubs
`09-15-2004 Issue Fee Payment Verified
`09-15-2004 Issue Fee Payment Received
`09-24-2004 Dispatch to FDC
`09-24-2004 Application Is Considered Ready for Issue
`09-28-2004 Receipt into Pubs
`10-21-2004 Issue Notification Mailed
`11-09-2004 Recordation of Patent Grant Mailed
`11-09-2004 Patent Issue Date Used in PTA Calculation
`12-27-2011 Applicant Has Filed a Verified Statement of Small Entity Status in Compliance
`with 37 CFR 1.27
`02-23-2012 Change in Power of Attorney (May Include Associate POA)
`10-20-2015 ENTITY STATUS SET TO UNDISCOUNTED (INITIAL DEFAULT
`SETTING OR STATUS CHANGE)
`
` 
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 3 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
`
`

`

`.SV1L§ OOL, 6
`
`Date Received
`(Incl. C. of M.)
`or
`Date Mailed
`
`j|c525 U.S. PTO
`09/660920
`1 ll
`1111111111
`11NfI11
`I11111111
`CONTENTS
`Received
`C. of M.)
`or
`eMailed
`Date
`
`09/13/'00
`
`Date
`(Incl.
`
`PATENT APPLICATION
`
`09660920
`
`1. Application
`W
`
`3 C.c v
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`(LEFT
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 4 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
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`ISSUE SLIP STAPLE AREA (for additional cross references)
`II
`
`I
`
`INITIALS
`
`ID NO.
`
`I
`
`,, ~ POSITION
`
`IrCd
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`J;:o
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`
`DATE
`
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`
`INDEX OF CLAIMS
`N .............................. Non-elected
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`A .............................. Appeal
`(Through numeral)... Canceled
`Objected
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`staple additional sheet here
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`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 5 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
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`SEARCHED
`
`SEARCH NOTES
`(INCLUDING SEARCH STRATEGY)
`
`Class
`
`-7 O
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`Sub.
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`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 6 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
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`

`

`971755 - 3
`06/21/04
`
`: E
`: Rxcapu
`
`Page 1
`
`Data
`
`370
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`2665
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`
`Text Endo
`
`JACKET
`
`SERIAL NU
`
`09/660,92
`
`FOREIGN PR ORITY
`Country
`Document Number
`
`Date
`
`DISCLAIMER
`
`TITLE
`
`Method, system, and comput
`
`or route quality
`
`checking and management
`
`MICROFICHE APPENDIX
`
`ASSISTANT EXAMINER:
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`PRIMARY EXAMINER:
`First:
`
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`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 7 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
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`

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`Pa .No. 05971755 - 3
`sue Date: 06/21/04
`
`Group ID: E
`User ID: Rxcapu
`
`Page 2
`
`S
`
`GAU
`
`2665
`
`/
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`OTAL CLAIMS
`
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`
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`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 8 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
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`

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`Ip ID: E
`ID: Rxcapu
`
`Page 3
`
`Middle:
`
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`Last:
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`Country:
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`Signed:
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`Yes
`
`Signed:
`
`Yes
`
`FIELD OF
`
`Class
`
`709
`
`OATH
`
`INVENTOR
`First:
`
`Mark
`
`City:
`
`State: VA
`
`INVENTOR
`First:
`
`Anita
`
`City:
`
`State: VI
`
`PCT INFO
`
`CONTINUI
`
`DATA (
`
`e 1)
`
`LINE
`
`ODE
`
`SE AL NUMBER
`
`FILING DATE
`
`STATUS
`
`DOCUMENT NO. .ISS
`
`UE DATE
`
`REFERENC
`FORM 89
`
`a e 1) SERIAL NUMBER: 09/660,920
`
`U.S. REFERENCES
`U.S. Pat No.
`
`Date
`
`Patentee
`
`*6,483,808
`
`11/2002 Rochberger et al.
`
`Class
`
`SubCla s
`
`370
`
`238
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 9 of 175
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC
`IPR2021-01378
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`""
`
`Pat. No. 05971755 - 3
`Issue Date: 06/21/04
`
`Group ID: E
`User ID: Rxcapu
`
`Page 4
`
`Gulati et al.
`
`370
`
`351
`
`Country
`
`Class
`
`SubClass
`
`(incl. Author, Title, 'Date, Pertinent Pages, etc.)
`
`L NUMBER: 09/660,920
`
`U.S. Pat No.
`
`Date
`
`Patentee
`
`Class
`
`07/2002 Dalton, Jr. et al.
`*6,426,955
`No issue date available.
`
`*6,356,545
`03/2002 Vargo et al.
`No issue date available.
`
`w/
`
`*6,600,738
`07/2003 Alperovich et al.
`No' issue date available.
`
`06/2003 Mizuta et al.
`*6,584,110
`No issue date available.
`
`03/2003 Doshi et al.
`*6,529,499
`No issue date available.
`
`03/2002 Thornton et al.
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`No issue date available.
`
`5', 452,294
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`No issue date
`
`03/2002 Hsu
`available.
`
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`No issue date available.
`
`05/2002 Civanlar et al.
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`No issue date available.
`
`06/2002 Cave et al.
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`No issue date available.
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`370
`
`370
`
`370
`
`370
`
`370
`
`370
`
`370
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`
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`
`352
`
`352
`
`351
`
`202
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`238
`
`352
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`262
`
`*6,614,765
`
`09/2003 Bruno et al.
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`370
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`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 10 of 175
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`Pat. No. 05971755 - 3
`Issue Date: 06/21/04
`
`Group ID: E
`User ID: Rxcapu
`
`Page 5
`
`No issue
`
`*6,487,1
`No issue
`
`FOREIGN
`Foreign
`
`OTHER RE
`
`Zonoun
`
`370
`
`238
`
`Country
`
`Class
`
`SubClass
`
`(incl. Author, Title, Date, Pertinent Pages, etc.)
`
`REFERENCES (P ae 3) SERIAL NUMBER: 09/660,920
`FORM 1449
`
`U.S. RE-RENCES
`U.S. Pat No.
`
`Date
`
`Patentee
`
`5,621,727
`
`04/1997 Vaudreuil
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`05/1998 Furukawa et al.
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`
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`05./1999 Korenshtein
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`FOREIGN REFERENCES
`Foreign Doc No.
`
`Date
`
`Country
`
`Class
`
`SubClac
`
`WO 97/14238 Al
`
`04/1997 WOX
`
`HO4L
`
`12/46
`
`WO 97/23078 Al
`
`06/1997 WOX
`
`H04L
`
`12/56
`
`WO 97/27692 Al
`
`07/1997 WOX
`
`H04L
`
`12/56
`
`vu 9/2L28
`
`A
`
`u/97I
`
`VVUA
`
`-
`
`
`'T10 AT
`1U'fL
`
`7iV
`
`1
`1l/5b
`
`~~----~-c~~
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 11 of 175
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`IPR2021-01378
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`Pat. No. 05971755 - 3
`Issue Date: 06/21/04
`
`Group ID: E
`User ID: Rxcapu
`
`Page 6
`
`OTHER REFERENCE CITATIONS (incl. Auth , Title, Date, Pertinent Pages, etc.)
`
`Anquetil, L-P. et al., [37 Media
`
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`
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`
`151-157 (Apr.-Jun. 1999).
`
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`
`Manual (Aug. 27,
`
`[i. ctvoice IP Tel
`
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`
`7'----------------
`
`ray Telecom Corp, Entire
`
`hure, Comdial, 6 pages (Copy
`
`REFERENCES; age 4) SERIAL NUMBER: 09/660,920
`
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`
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`U.S.
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`RE
`
`ERENCES
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`U.S.
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`Pat
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`No.
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`Date
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`Patentee
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`Hapner
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`REFEREN/EES
`FOREIGN
`Foreign Doc No~
`
`Date
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`CountryI
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`Class
`
`SubC lass
`
`OTHER
`
`REFER
`
`CE
`
`CITATIONS
`
`(incl.
`
`Author,
`
`Title,
`
`Date,
`
`Pertinent
`
`Pages, etc:))
`
`[i ctvoice
`
`Syste
`
`User[3
`
`s Manual[1
`
`Comdial,
`
`Entire
`
`Manual
`
`(Jun.
`
`1998).
`
`Held,
`
`.,
`
`[
`
`voice
`
`over Data
`
`Networks[1
`
`, McGraw-Hill,
`
`Entire
`
`Book
`
`(1 998)
`
`.
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 12 of 175
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`IPR2021-01378
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`

`

`Pat. No. 05971755
`Issue Date: 06/21/04
`
`3
`
`Group ID: E
`User ID: Rxcapu
`
`Page 7
`
`McConnel, B., [i How to Build an Internet PBX Ahmed Borg[l , at
`
`==========~=
`
`=~======== ... .=======
`
`.
`.
`http://www.google.co .
`, 13 pages, (Apr. 1997).
`
`======
`
`REFERENCE
`FORM 1445
`
`U.S. REFE
`U.S. Pat
`
`FOREIGN I
`Foreign DoNo.
`
`09/660 920
`
`Date
`
`Country
`
`Class
`
`SubClass
`
`)
`
`Cia s
`
`SubCl ass
`
`OTHER REFERENCE CITATIONS (incl. Author, Title, Date, Perti en
`
`Prosise, J., [37 Programming Windows 95 with MFC, Part VI : T
`
`Document/View Architecture,[38 [0 [i Microsoft Systems Journal
`
`Miller Freeman, 35 pages (Feb. 1996).
`
`Sheldon, T., [i Encyclopedia of Networki , Electronic Edition[l
`
`McGraw-Hill, pp. 1043-1050 (1998).
`
`Yang, C., .[i INETPhone.: Telephone Services and Servers on Internet[1 ,
`
`at http://www.ds.internic.net/rfc/rfcl789.txt, 6 pages, (Apr. 1995).
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 13 of 175
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`VALID
`
`Pat. No. 05971755 - 3
`Issue Date: 06/21/04
`
`Group ID: E
`User ID: Rxcapu
`
`Page 1
`KS: 2,562
`
`Warning [Pages Of US References:]
`page 5 has no references
`Warning [Pages Of Foreign References:]
`page 1 has no references
`page 2 has no references
`page 4 has no references
`page 5 has no references
`Warning [Pages Of Other References:]
`page 1 has no references
`page 2 has no references
`
`I,
`
`\
`
`SCr
`
`4
`
`1
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 14 of 175
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`

`(12) United States Patent
`Scott et al.
`
`(54) METHOD, SYSTEM, AND COMPUTER
`PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR ROUTE
`QUALITY CHECKING AND MANAGEMENT
`
`(75)
`
`Inventors: Mark D. Scott, Ashburn, VA (US);
`Anita T. Cheng, Ashburn, VA (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Array Telecom Corporation, Herndon,
`VA (US)
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 735 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/660,920
`
`(51)
`
`(22) Filed:
`Sep. 13, 2000
`Int. C .7 .................. ..
`.
`....... H04L 12/26; H04J 1/16;
`G08C 13/00; GO06F 11/00; G01R 31/08
`(52) U.S. CI .....................
`370/252; 370/238; 370/351;
`370/401
`(58) Field of Search ............................. 370/238, 252,
`370/352, 353, 356, 401, 355, 468; 709/238,
`241, 245, 218, 227
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5,452,294 A * 9/1995 Natarajan ................ 370/351
`5,621,727 A
`4/1997 Vaudreuil ................. 370/60
`(List continued on next page.)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`WO 97/14238 Al
`WO 97/23078 Al
`WO 97/27692 Al
`WO 97/28628 Al
`
`4/1997
`6/1997
`7/1997
`8/1997
`
`........... H04U12/46
`........... H04L12/56
`........... H04L12/56
`........... H04L/12/56
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Anquetil, L-P. et al., "Media Gateway Control Protocol And
`Voice Over IP Gateways," Alcatel Telecommunications
`Review, pp. 151-157 (Apr.-Jun. 1999).
`
`S100-
`
`I III I I ll l I ll ll ll i 11111
`S11111
`III
`111111
`
`11111 1 11111111
`US 6,816,464 B1
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US006816464B1
`
`Array Series 3000 Users Manual, Array Telecom Corp,
`Entire Manual (Aug. 27, 1999).
`
`ctvoice IP Telephony, Product Brochure, Comdial, 6 pages
`(Copy obtained Aug. 1999).
`
`ctvoice System User's Manual, Comdial, Entire Manual
`(Jun. 1998).
`
`Held, G., Voice Over Data Networks, McGraw-Hill, Entire
`Book (1998).
`
`McConnell, B., How to Build an Internet PBX Ahmed Borg,
`at http://www.google.com ...
`, 13 pages, (Apr. 1997).
`
`Prosise, J., "Programming Windows 95 with MFC, Part VII:
`The Document/View Architecture," Microsoft Systems Jour-
`nal, Miller Freeman, 35 pages (Feb. 1996).
`
`Sheldon, T., Encyclopedia of Networking, Electronic Edi-
`tion, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1043-1050 (1998).
`
`Yang, C., INETPhone: Telephone Senices and Servers on
`Internet, at http://www.ds.internic.net/rlfc/rfc1789.txt,
`6
`pages, (Apr. 1995).
`
`Primary Examiner--Man Phan
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm--Sterne, Kessler, Goldstein
`& Fox P.L.L.C.
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A method, system and computer program product for route
`checking and management is described herein. In a voice
`over internet protocol environment, the invention allows for
`the testing of routes among various gateways.
`In one
`embodiment, gateways include routing managers for check-
`ing and storing route information. The method of the inven-
`tion includes checking candidate routes for the level of
`quality, location and cost levels. Further, users can prioritize
`routes based on these criteria.
`
`23 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets
`
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`US 6,816,464 B1
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4/1998 Baratz et al. ............ 370/356
`5/1998 Furukawa et al........... 375/372
`8/1998 Sugar ........................ 370/352
`8/1998 Cloutier ................ 370/395
`9/1998 Cloutier et al .......... 370/516
`9/1998 Shwartz .................... 395/604
`2/1999 Brewster et al ......... 379/219
`4/1999 Gottlieb et al .......... 379/220
`4/1999 Chan ........................
`704/210
`5/1999 Korenshtein ........... 707/200
`8/1999 Guy et al. ............ 379/93.01
`8/1999 Hapner et al ................
`707/8
`8/1999 Tsuiki et al ............... 707/10
`8/1999 HI-amada et al ............ 707/100
`9/1999 Miloslavskv ................ 379/265
`..
`....
`,
`
`.
`
`..
`
`...
`
`......
`
`..
`
`6,356,545
`6,363,065
`6,363,319
`6,366,560
`6,385,193
`6,404,746
`6,426,955
`6,483,808
`6,487,172
`6,529,499
`6,584,110
`6,597,684
`6,600,738
`6,614,765
`
`3/2002
`3/2002
`3/2002
`4/2002
`5/2002
`6/2002
`7/2002
`11/2002
`11/2002
`3/2003
`6/2003
`7/2003
`7/2003
`9/2003
`
`Vargo et al. ............. 370/355
`Thornton et al. ........... 370/352
`Hsu ........................ 701/202
`]
`Ohiwane et al .......... 370/238
`Civanlar et al ............. 370/352
`Cave et al. .............. 370/262
`Dalton, Jr. ct al. ......... 370/401
`Rochberger et al. ........ 370/238
`Zonoun ................... 370/238
`Doshi et al.
`................ 370/352
`Mizuta et al.
`........... 370/401
`Gulati ct al.............. 370/351
`Alperovich et al. ........ 370/352
`Bruno et al ................ 370/255
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`5,742,596
`5,757,871
`5,790,538
`5,790,543
`5,805,602
`5,812,840
`5,870,464
`5,892,822
`5,897,613
`5,900,000
`5,940,479
`5,940,827
`5,940,829
`5,940,832
`5,953,405
`
`i
`
`3 S
`
`L
`
`S
`
`i
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 16 of 175
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`IPR2021-01378
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 1 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`100
`
`Network
`
`PSTN
`
`PSTN
`
`FIG. 1
`
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`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 2 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`200
`
`FIG. 2
`
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`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 3 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`300
`
`302
`
`Network
`
`304
`
`306
`
`308
`
`Routing Manager
`
`Gateway
`
`Control Logic
`
`Database
`
`310
`
`FIG. 3
`
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`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 4 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`FIG. 4
`
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`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 5 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`6
`
`FIG. 5
`
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`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 6 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`600
`
`604,
`
`S
`
`i.
`
`ii
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`: 4 (
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`X: v.' A
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`
`608
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`612
`v61.
`
`614
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`.......
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`+
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`Cost Estimate-
`Preference.
`Qualty of Soivion
`
`r.....7
`
`Ds
`
`rnce
`
`.
`
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`
`........ . .:
`
`SJ.
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`
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`
`....... ..
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`FIG. 6
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 22 of 175
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 7 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`---- -
`
`--.
`Quality
`
`..
`Check
`
`'
`
`,702
`
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`,r;,
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`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 23 of 175
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`IPR2021-01378
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Nov. 9, 2004
`
`Sheet 8 of 8
`
`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`I l
`
`..I .
`
`Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co. Ex. 1002, Page 24 of 175
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`
`

`

`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`METHOD, SYSTEM, AND COMPUTER
`PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR ROUTE
`QUALITY CHECKING AND MANAGEMENT
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`5
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`The invention relates generally to the field of voice over
`Internet protocol technology. More particularly, the inven-
`tion relates to route testing and selection over packet-
`switched networks.
`2. Related Art
`Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) communications ser-
`vices provide
`telephony services over packet-switched 15
`networks, like the Internet. In order to maintain call quality.
`VoIP services are concerned with route quality. High route
`quality makes for more reliable and clearer conversations.
`Route checking and selection over the packet switched
`network (like the Internet) is necessary to ensure quality of 20
`service.
`Unlike typical data, voice data is extremely time depen-
`dent. Transmission delays and variations in the transmission
`rate alter the voice data received by the destination.
`In a packet-switched network, latency and jitter are mea- 25
`surable qualities of network performance. Latency is the
`amount of time it takes a packet to reach its destination. Jitter
`is the variation in latency. The route is the path in the
`network from the origin of a packet or packets to their
`destination. A route can be a direct end-to-end connection 30
`path, or it can consist of a path linked by any number of
`routers, switches, gateways, gatekeepers, etc.
`Latency and jitter can degrade the communication path
`between any two points on a packet-switched network, like
`the Internet. In a VolP environment, latency will be per- 35
`ceived by the end users as a delay in the response of the
`remote site (or other user). Furthermore, jitter is the varia-
`tion in latency from one packet to another which can be
`perceived as a stammering in the conversation.
`Latency and jitter each impact communication differently. 40
`For example, if packets always arrived 50 milliseconds (ms)
`after being transmitted, then there would be a 50 ms latency
`and no jitter. In another example, however, if packet #1
`arrived 100 ms after transmission, packet #2 arrived 50 ms
`after transmission, and packet #3 arrived 150 ms after
`transmission, there would be an average jitter of +/-33 ms.
`In VoIP applications, jitter is often more critical than latency.
`Jitter can cause a packet to arrive too late to be useful. The
`effect is that the packet may be delayed enough that the end
`user will hear a pause in the voice that is talking to them,
`which is very unnatural if it occurs during the middle of a
`word or sentence.
`Jitter typically occurs when the network utilization is too
`high, and packets are being queued by gateways, switches, 55
`routers or other similar devices, causing delivery times to
`become unpredictable. The Internet, because of its complex
`structure, is often subject to varying degrees of jitter. Jitter
`variation can occur at different locations and at different
`times depending upon network traffic and other conditions. 60
`Conventional techniques can calculate the jitter and
`latency present in a route. Some VoIP systems can select
`routes based on the lowest jitter and/or latency. Other
`systems can include management of the route selection
`process in response to network conditions.
`However, these techniques are not conducive to rapidly
`changing network conditions and do not provide real-time
`
`65
`
`route checking and selection. Additionally, these techniques
`do not take into account the costs of switching from the
`packet switched network to the public switched telephone
`network (PSTN) in order to maintain quality of service.
`Furthermore, conventional systems do not allow calling
`parties to make route selections on a per call basis.
`Still further, conventional systems do not allow users to
`supply their own criteria used in the checking and sclcction
`of routes.
`Therefore, in view of the above, what is needed is a
`system, method and computer program product for route
`quality checking and management. Further, what is needed
`* is a system, method and computer program product that can
`test and score routes on a network based on criteria provided
`by a user. Such a system would provide the optimal route for
`a call based on the provided criteria. Furthermore, what is
`needed is a system, method and computer program product
`that enables users to access the route quality checking and
`management system and provide individual or group routing
`preferences and/or other route information so that the system
`can select the proper route for that individual or group.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`The invention is directed to a system, method and com-
`puter program product for a route quality checking and
`management system that satisfies the above-stated needs.
`The method of the present invention involves a routing
`manager or a route management module implemented at a
`gateway for determining which other gateways are available
`to it. A gateway can be any server enabled for routing voice
`data packets. The method involves the gateway determining
`the candidate routes to the other gateways, testing those
`candidate routes, determining candidate route statistics,
`scoring each candidate route tested, prioritizing each scored
`route and storing this priority and score information. In one
`embodiment, a routing manager on a gateway tests the
`routes to other gateways so that it can use the proper routes
`based on the preferences of users.
`The method of the invention for checking a network route
`includes a routing manager determining a gateway available
`for routing, where the gateway is capable of responding to
`a request on the communications network. The routing
`manager determines a candidate route to the gateway, where
`the candidate route is within the communications network.
`Routing manager tests the candidate route to a gateway
`using quality measurement packets, where the quality mea-
`surement packets include route information. From the route
`information, the routing manager determines route statistics,
`where the route statistics are based on routing information
`contained within said quality measurement packets. The
`routing manager score the candidate route based on the route
`statistics.
`In an embodiment, the method of the invention is imple-
`mented in a communications network that includes a packet-
`switched network, such as frame relay or the Internet.
`Furthermore,
`in other embodiments, the method of the
`invention is implemented in a communications network that
`includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) or a
`combination of a PSTN and a packet-switched network.
`The route information utilized by the invention includes
`the latency, time jitter, and lost packet information.
`In an embodiment, the method of the invention includes
`functionality for the routing manager to prioritize the can-
`didate route among other tested routes based on the score
`obtained for that candidate route. In other embodiments, the
`
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`

`US 6,816,464 B1
`
`3
`routing manager has access to a database for storing score
`information related to the candidate route(s) for use in route
`selection.
`In one embodiment, the testing functions of the method of
`the invention include configuring the parameters for quality
`measurement packets to be sent to a gateway where the
`parameters include the packet interval, packet length, num-
`ber of packets, and time limit. The routing manager includes
`a graphical user interface (GUI) for configuring
`these
`parameters.
`Additionally, the routing manager includes a GUI for
`configuring the scoring table of the invention. Thus, the
`routing manager configures the scoring table for use in
`scoring candidate routes where the table includes a quality
`score, packet loss, average delay, and average jitter. In other
`embodiments,
`the routing manager includes a GUI for
`configuring the route ordering applied for a gateway, where
`the route ordering includes file logging information, quality
`of service threshold, and timeout amount.
`According to embodiments of the invention, the routing
`manager forwards quality measurement packets to a
`gateway, where the quality measurement packets include
`routing information; and
`the routing manager receives
`returned quality measurement packets from a gateway,
`where the returned quality measurement packets include
`routing information.
`The method of the invention for checking a network route
`includes a routing manager that determines an available
`gateway
`for routing, where
`the gateway
`is capable of
`responding to a request on the communications network.
`The routing manager determines a candidate route to the
`gateway, where the candidate route is within the communi-
`cations network.
`The routing manager tests the candidate route to a gate-
`way using quality measurement packets, where the quality
`measurement packets include route information. From the
`route information, the routing manager determines route
`statistics, where the route statistics are based on routing
`information contained within said quality measurement
`packets. The routing manager score the candidate route
`based on the route statistics.
`In an embodiment, the method of the invention is imple-
`mented in a communications network that includes a packet-
`switched network, such as frame relay or the Internet.
`Furthermore,
`in other embodiments,
`the method of the
`invention is implemented in a communications network that
`includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) or a
`combination of a PSTN and a packet switched network.
`The route information utilized by the invention includes
`the latency, time jitter, and lost packet information.
`In an embodiment, the method of the invention includes
`functionality for the routing manager to prioritize the can-
`didate route among other tested routes based on the score
`obtained for that candidate route. In other embodiments, the
`routing manager has access to a database for storing score
`information related to the candidate route(s) for use in route
`selection.
`In one embodiment, the testing functions of the method of
`the invention include configuring the parameters for quality
`measurement packets to be sent to a, gateway where the
`parameters include the packet interval, packet length, num-
`ber of packets, and time limit. The routing manager includes
`a graphical user interface (GUI) for configuring these
`parameters.
`Additionally, the routing manager includes a GUI for
`configuring the scoring table of the invention. Thus, the
`
`15
`
`routing manager configures the scoring table for use in
`scoring candidate routes where the table includes a quality
`score, packet loss, average delay, and average jitter. In other
`embodiments,
`the routing manager includes a GUI
`for
`5 configuring the route ordering applied for a gateway, where
`the route ordering includes file logging information, quality
`of service threshold, and timeout amount.
`According to embodiments of the inve