hae
`10,000
`i
`MN
`
`Microsoft
`
`Fully updated with the latest
`7
`technologies, terms, and acronyms
`Easy to read, expertly
`illustrated
`Definitive coverage of hardware,
`software, the Internet, and more!
`
`Micron Ex. 1025,p. 1
`Micron v. Vervain
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`Computer
`Dictionary
`
`Fifth Editio
`
`IPR2021-01550
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`Micron Ex. 1025, p. 1
`Micron v. Vervain
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`

`

`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--5th ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 0-7356-1495-4
`1. Computers--Dictionaries. 2. Microcomputers--Dictionaries.
`
`AQ76.5. M52267
`004'.03--dc21
`
`2002
`
`200219714
`
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 QWT
`
`7 6 5 4 3 2
`
`Distributed in Canada by H.B. Fenn and Company Ltd.
`
`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
`
`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
`tion about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Web site at www.microsoft.com/mspress.
`Send comments to mspinput@microsoft.com.
`
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, DirectInput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Body Part No. X08-41929
`
`Micron Ex. 1025, p. 2
`Micron v. Vervain
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`

`

`
`
`read1read
`
`real mode
`
`read1 n. The action of transferring data from an input
`source into a computer’s memory or from memory into the
`CPU (central processing unit). Compare write1.
`read2 vb. To transfer data from an external source, such as
`from a disk or the keyboard, into memory or from memory
`into the central processing unit (CPU). Compare write2.
`read-after-write n. A feature of certain data storage
`devices, such as tape drives, in which the device reads data
`immediately after it is written as a means of verifying data
`integrity.
`reader n. See card reader.
`Reader n. See Microsoft Reader.
`read error n. An error encountered while a computer is in
`the process of obtaining information from storage or from
`another source of input. Compare write error.
`README n. A file containing information that the user
`either needs or will find informative and that might not
`have been included in the documentation. README files
`are placed on disk in plain-text form (without extraneous
`or program-specific characters) so that they can be read
`easily by a variety of word processing programs.
`read notification n. An e-mail feature providing feed-
`back to the sender that a message has been read by the
`recipient.
`read-only adj. Capable of being retrieved (read) but not
`changed (written). A read-only file or document can be
`displayed or printed but not altered in any way. Read-only
`memory (ROM) holds programs that cannot be changed; a
`read-only storage medium, such as CD-ROM, can be
`played back but cannot be used for recording information.
`Compare read/write.
`read-only attribute n. A file attribute, stored with a file’s
`directory entry, indicating whether or not a file may be
`changed or erased. When the read-only attribute is off, the
`file can be modified or deleted; when it is on, the file can
`only be displayed.
`read-only memory n. See ROM.
`read-only terminal n. See RO terminal.
`read/write adj. Able to be both read from and written to.
`Abbreviation: R/W. Compare read-only.
`
`read/write channel n. See input/output channel.
`read/write head n. See head.
`read/write memory n. Memory that can be both read
`from and written to (modified). Semiconductor RAM and
`core memory are typical read/write memory systems.
`Compare ROM (definition 2).
`real address n. An absolute (machine) address specify-
`ing a physical location in memory. See also physical
`address. Compare relative address, virtual address.
`RealAudio n. Streaming audio technology developed by
`RealNetworks, Inc., for distributing radio and FM-quality
`sound files over the Internet in real time. RealAudio is
`based on two components: client software for decompress-
`ing the sound on the fly and server software for delivering
`it. The client software is free, distributed either as a down-
`loadable program or as part of browser software. See also
`RealPlayer, RealVideo, stream, streaming.
`reallocate n. A function in C that allows the programmer
`to request a larger portion of heap memory than was previ-
`ously assigned to a particular pointer. See also dynamic
`memory allocation, heap (definition 1).
`reallysafe palette n. A color look-up table (CLUT) con-
`sisting of 22 colors from the 216-color websafe palette
`that are completely consistent when viewed with all Web
`browsers on all major computer platforms. The reallysafe
`palette arose from an experiment that indicated that most
`of the colors of the websafe palette shift to some degree in
`different viewing environments. See also browser CLUT,
`websafe palette.
`real mode n. An operating mode in the Intel 80x86 fam-
`ily of microprocessors. In real mode, the processor can
`execute only one program at a time. It can access no more
`than about 1 MB of memory, but it can freely access sys-
`tem memory and input/output devices. Real mode is the
`only mode possible in the 8086 processor and is the only
`operating mode supported by MS-DOS. In contrast, the
`protected mode offered in the 80286 and higher micropro-
`cessors provides the memory management and memory
`protection needed for multitasking environments such as
`Windows. See also 8086, privileged mode. Compare pro-
`tected mode, virtual real mode.
`
`R
`
`440
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`Micron Ex. 1025, p. 3
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