USOO8266212B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Brunet de Courssou
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8.266,212 B2
`*Sep. 11, 2012
`
`(54) GAME TALK SERVICE BUS
`
`(75) Inventor: this by sourou.
`s
`(73) Assignee: IGT, Reno, NV (US)
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 1385 days.
`This patent is Subject to a terminal dis-
`claimer.
`(21) Appl. No.: 11/842,147
`(22) Filed:
`Aug. 21, 2007
`
`(65)
`
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2008/OO328O1 A1
`Feb. 7, 2008
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 10/120,635,
`filed on Apr. 10, 2002, now Pat. No. 7,297,062.
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/332.593, filed on Nov.
`23, 2001.
`(51) Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`G06F 15/16
`(52) U.S. Cl. .......... 709/205: 709/218; 709/219; 463/25;
`463/42: 235/115; 235/380: 235/382
`(58) Field of Classification Search .................... 463/25,
`463/42: 235/115,380,382; 902/3, 23: 340/5.8,
`340/5.82,323; 709/205, 218, 219
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
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`Primary Examiner — Backhean Tiv
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Clise, Billion & Cyr, P.A.:
`Richard E. Billion
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A service-oriented bus for distributed gaming systems allow
`ing gaming machines, servers, workstations, mobile PCs,
`handheld devices and automatic telling machines to talk
`together over a network. The game service bus provides a
`publish-and-Subscribe message bus over a private network
`within a gaming property and/or over the public Internet
`across several properties. The service bus framework allows
`participating communicating endpoints to publish Services or
`Subscribe to services in a simple and standardized high level
`fashion, thereby enabling the devices to understand one-an
`other, thus “talk” together. The “talking together paradigm is
`rather appropriate, as it emphasizes the value that the service
`bus brings to a complex distributed casinogaming system that
`may include thousands of devices manufactured by dozens of
`Vendors. Gaming machines may talk together in a peer-fash
`ion over the service bus, which is well suited for multiplayer
`gaming. The service-oriented bus allows third party ultra
`specialized vendors to offer dazzling plug-in services directly
`on the casino floor, such as automated geo-localized logistic
`Support and other geo-localized services.
`
`37 Claims, 23 Drawing Sheets
`
`2338
`
`2340
`
`2342
`
`
`
`2328
`
`Subscriber
`
`Nd
`
`
`
`
`
`2332
`
`crlier
`
`Node
`
`2344
`
`2312
`
`2346
`
`23.8
`
`23S
`
`235
`
`238
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`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 1
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`IPR2022-00368
`
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`
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`
`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 2
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`IPR2022-00368
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`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 11, 2012
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Sep. 11, 2012
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`Zynga v. IGT
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`Sep. 11, 2012
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`Sheet 14 of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 16
`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 11, 2012
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`Sheet 15 Of 23
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`US 8.266
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`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 11, 2012
`
`Sheet 16 of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 11, 2012
`
`Sheet 17 Of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 19
`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 11, 2012
`
`Sheet 18 of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 20
`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 11, 2012
`
`Sheet 19 Of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 11, 2012
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`Sheet 20 of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Zynga v. IGT
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 11, 2012
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`Sheet 21 of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 23
`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
`
`

`

`Sheet 22 of 23
`Sheet 22 of 23
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`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 11, 2012
`Sep. 11, 2012
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`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 24
`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 11, 2012
`
`Sheet 23 of 23
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`US 8,266,212 B2
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`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
`
`

`

`US 8,266,212 B2
`
`1.
`GAME TALK SERVICE BUS
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This is a continuation-in part of application Ser. No.
`10/120,635, filed Apr. 10, 2002 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,297,062,
`which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. S 119(e) of provi
`sional application Ser. No. 60/332.593, filed Nov. 23, 2001,
`both applications of which are hereby incorporated herein by
`reference in their entireties. This application is also related in
`subject matter to commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,916,
`247, 6,945,870 and 7.297,062 and to commonly assigned
`U.S. pending application Ser. No. 1 1/844,201 filed Aug. 23.
`2007.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to
`the field of pay computer-controlled games and entertainment
`devices, including both games of skills and games of chance.
`More particularly, embodiments of the present invention
`relate the field of methods, systems and devices for the auto
`mated monitoring and control of a large number of clusters of
`Such pay gaming and entertainment devices.
`2. Description of the Related Art
`Conventional pay entertainment and gaming systems,
`either of the cash or the cash-less type, are seriously limited
`due to the technical choices that are typically made to comply
`with regulatory requirements. Indeed, regulators are mainly
`concerned with fraud, cheating and stealing, as may occur
`when legitimate winners are deprived of their just winnings or
`when illegitimate users receive illegitimate winnings.
`Because of these security concerns, regulators are reluctant to
`approve licenses for state-of-the-art “open multimedia and
`Internet technologies, opting instead for known but anti
`quated technology.
`However, the security of such antiquated technology (i.e.,
`technology developed prior to the present advanced multime
`dia and Internet age) is mostly illusory. Such conventional
`technologies are only perceived as being more stable and
`secure because their flaws are not widely publicized. Com
`puter technology being extremely complex, there are always
`45
`latent imperfections and flaws, which may be exploited by the
`ill intentioned. This is even truer with antiquated technology,
`as hacker-crackers have now access to considerable informa
`tion on Software weaknesses as well as Sophisticated attack
`strategies and tools that they may apply to older Software.
`Legacy entertainment and gaming systems that are autho
`rized for use in public places are usually aggregates of old
`technologies bundled together with some PC hardware fea
`turing basic fault tolerance, basic data integrity and ad-hoc
`security means, together with Some LAN networking func
`tionality to enable Some primitive centralized auditing.
`Although some advanced security means have been proposed
`(such as disclosed in, for example WO 01/41892) that pro
`mote off-line gaming security using Smart cards, this
`approach in fact exposes the system to latent unidentified
`security threats that hacker-crackers or employees will likely
`eventually exploit. Off-line or semi-on-line systems are
`totally in the hands of very few people. In short, these systems
`operate essentially with little means for detecting under-the
`radar fraud (to push the analogy farther, finer-grained and
`Smarter radar means would be uneconomical for casino and
`gaming operators to implement).
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`2
`In contrast, lottery and pari-mutual wager systems have
`evolved to modern fully on-line very-high-capacity mission
`critical systems funneling billions of dollars annually while
`offering significantly greater security means than the security
`afforded by banks. Since these organizations have come on
`line, lawsuits resulting from complaints, flaws and fraud,
`including internal fraud by employees, have virtually disap
`peared. However, although pay entertainment and gaming
`machines based on secure Internet web browser and cash-less
`payment technology are ideal centralized candidate solutions
`to equip casinos and like sites, these may rapidly kill the
`traditional gaming Support industry.
`The entertainment and gaming systems lag behind state
`of-the-art multimedia PC, gaming console, wireless and
`interactive TV technologies; consequently these systems are
`ill prepared to attract the younger player generation accus
`tomed to flashy and networked games.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an
`architecture that overcomes the technical lag, Security limi
`tations and lack of stability of the prior art. It is a further object
`of this invention to provide an architecture that overcomes
`rapid obsolescence of technology. It is yet another object of
`this invention to provide a flexible architecture that may more
`easily accommodate the variety of specific regulatory
`requirements encountered around the world. It is a still further
`object of this invention to providespecific function peripheral
`devices with means of secure identification and secure net
`work communication.
`An embodiment of the present invention is a distributed
`gaming system. The distributed gaming system may include
`a communication bus; at least one first node, each including a
`first computer coupled to the communication bus, and at least
`one second node, each including a second computer coupled
`to the communication bus. The at least one first node may
`further include at least one first service oriented software
`executing in the first computer of each first node, the first
`service oriented Software including at least one high-level
`function and a first service oriented protocol, the first service
`oriented protocol being configured to negotiate service mes
`sages over the communication bus, the first service oriented
`Software being configured to selectively:
`publish the at least one high-level function;
`provide the at least one high-level function upon receiving
`a request to consume the at least one high-level function;
`enable execution of the at least one high-level function
`upon receiving a request for execution;
`perform a callback upon receiving a request to consume or
`execute the at least one high-level function, and
`return a reply Subsequent to receiving a request for execu
`tion of the at least one high-level function.
`The at least one second node may include a second com
`puter coupled to the communication bus, and at least one
`second service oriented Software executing in the second
`computer of each second node, the second service oriented
`Software including at least one function call and a second
`service oriented protocol configured to negotiate service mes
`sages over the communication bus, the second service ori
`ented Software being configured, upon execution of the at
`least one function call, to selectively:
`subscribe to or consume the published or provided at least
`one high-level function;
`request that the at least one first node execute the at least
`one high-level function;
`
`Zynga Ex. 1001, p. 26
`Zynga v. IGT
`IPR2022-00368
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`

`US 8,266,212 B2
`
`10
`
`15
`
`25
`
`3
`accept the reply Subsequent to receiving a reply from the at
`least one first node, and
`accept the call-back upon receiving a call-back from the at
`least one first node.
`The first service oriented software may be configured to
`provide the at least one high-level function upon receiving a
`request to consume the at least one high-level function via a
`remote procedure call. The first service oriented software
`may be configured to provide the at least one high-level
`function upon receiving a request to consume the at least one
`high-level function via a HTTP request. The first service
`oriented software may be configured to enable execution of
`the at least one high-level function upon receiving a request
`for execution via a HTTP request. The first service oriented
`Software may be configured to perform a call back upon
`receiving a request to consume or execute the at least one
`high-level function via a remote procedure call. The first
`service oriented software may be configured to return a HTTP
`reply subsequent to receiving a HTTP request for execution
`of the at least one high-level function.
`The service oriented protocol is the Service Oriented
`Architecture Protocol (SOAP), for example. The communi
`cation bus may include loosely coupled and/or tightly
`coupled nodes. The loosely coupled nodes may include nodes
`coupled via Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Internet, radio-link, RS-422,
`micro-wave link and/or satellite link, for example. The tightly
`coupled nodes may include nodes coupled via inter-process
`communication, USB, Bluetooth, RS-232, RS-422 and/or
`IEEE1394 FIREWIRE connection protocols, for example.
`The at least one high-level function may include a business
`function, an audit function, an authentication function, a bio
`metric identification function, a graphics rendering computa
`tion function and/or an outcome determination function, to
`name but a few of the possible high-level functions. The at
`least one first node may include a gaming machine, an enter
`tainment machine, a payment verification unit, a specialized
`device, an IP enabled peripheral, a server, a server farm, a
`computer device, and/or an automatic teller machine, for
`example.
`The at least one second node may include, for example, a
`gaming machine, an entertainment machine, a payment veri
`fication unit, a specialized device, an IP enabled device, a
`server, a server farm, a computer device, and/or an automatic
`teller machine. The first and/or second service oriented pro
`tocol may include asynchronous notification of events,
`45
`COM+, DCOM, MICROSOFT REMOTING, MICROSOFT
`.NET, CORBA, SOAP, IBM SOA and/or UDDI protocols, for
`example. Security over the communication bus may be pro
`vided by implementing the IPSec protocol, the VPN tunnel
`ing protocol and/or the SSL protocol, for example.
`The at least one second node may include a gaming
`machine. The at least one second node may be included inside
`a gaming machine. The at least one first node may include a
`gaming machine. The at least one first node may be included
`inside a gaming machine. The at least one second node may
`include a gaming machine played by a player and may be
`configured to execute at least one function call during a game
`session. The at least one second node may be included inside
`a gaming machine played by a player and may be configured
`to execute at least one function call during a game session.
`The at least one first node may be configured for load balanc
`ing with another one of the at least one first node. The nego
`tiating of service messages on the communication bus may
`include at least one of for example, naming, discovery, mes
`sage routing, publishing eventing, Subscribing eventing, mes
`sage transformations, workflows, and communication recov
`ery from nodes powering-off then on again.
`
`4
`According to another embodiment thereof, the present
`invention is a distributed gaming system that may include a
`communication bus; a first gaming machine coupled to the
`communication bus; the first gaming machine being config
`ured to selectively publish, execute and provide at least one
`high-level function, and a second gaming machine coupled to
`the communication bus, the second gaming machine being
`configured to selectively Subscribe to or consume the at least
`one high-level function published or provided by the first
`gaming machine, and selectively request that the first gaming
`machine execute the at least one high-level function.
`The first gaming machine may be further configured to
`perform a call back upon receiving a request to consume or
`execute the at least one high-level function, and return a reply
`and wherein the second gaming machine is further configured
`to accept the reply Subsequent to receiving the call-back from
`the first gaming machine. The distributed gaming system may
`further include a service-oriented device coupled to the com
`munication bus, the service oriented device including at least
`one of a payment verification unit, a specialized device, an IP
`enabled peripheral, a server, a server farm, a computer device,
`and an automatic teller machine, for example. The service
`oriented device may be configured to selectively publish,
`subscribe, provide, execute and request that either the first or
`the second gaming machine execute the at least one high level
`function.
`According to another embodiment thereof, the present
`invention is a method for distributed gaming over a commu
`nication bus. The method may include steps of for example,
`providing a first gaming machine and coupling the first gam
`ing machine to the communication bus; publishing, by the
`first gaming machine, a first high-level function over the
`communication bus; providing a node coupled to the commu
`nication bus; receiving, from the node, a request to Subscribe
`to the published first high-level function; accepting the sub
`Scription request; initiating a gaming session on the first gam
`ing machine, and responsive to updates occurring during the
`gaming session, providing call backs, by the first gaming
`machine, the call backs returning a result of the execution of
`the first high-level function to the node over the communica
`tion bus.
`The receiving step may be carried out with the node includ
`ing a second gaming machine. The receiving step may be
`carried out with the node including at least one of an enter
`tainment machine, a payment verification unit, a specialized
`device, an IP enabled device, a server, a server farm, a com
`puter device, and/or an automatic teller machine, for
`example. The high-level function may include at least one of
`a business function, an audit function, an authentication func
`tion, a biometric identification function, a graphics rendering
`computation function and/oran outcome determination func
`tion. The method may further include a step of receiving,
`from the node, a request that the first gaming machine
`executes the high-level function. A step may be carried out of
`the first gaming machine performing a callback upon receiv
`ing the request to consume or execute the high-level function.
`The second providing step may be further carried out with the
`node being configured to selectively publish, Subscribe, pro
`vide, execute and request that the first gaming machine
`execute the high level function.
`According to yet another embodiment thereof, the present
`invention is a method for distributed gaming over a commu
`nication bus. The method may include providing a first node
`and coupling the first node to the communication bus; pub
`lishing, by the firs