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`DICTIONARY ~
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`Random House Webster's College Dictionary
`Copyright © 2000 by Random House,Inc.
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`istered trademarks of Random House,Inc.
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`Thefirst Random Housecollege dictionary, the American College Dictionary, was pub-
`lished in 1947 to critical acclaim. Thefirst edition of the Random House Webster’s Col-
`lege Dictionary was published in 1991. Subsequent revisions were published in 1992,
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`published in 1997, with updates published annually thereafter. Copyright © 1999, 1998,
`1996, 1995, 1992, 1991 by Random House,Inc.
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`have been designated as such. However, no attempt has been made to designate as
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`The inclusion, exclusion, or definition of a word or term is not intended to affect, or to
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`Random House Webster's college dictionary
`Pp.
`cm.
`ISBN 0-375-42560-8
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`ISBN 0-375-42561-6 (Deluxe Edition)
`1. English language--Dictionaries,
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`1999
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`Typeset and Printed in the United States of America
`‘Typeset by the Random House Reference & Information Publishing Group
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`987654321
`April 2000
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`
`level crossing to lexis
`the interconnected horizontal mine
`unbroken by irregularities. 20.
`workings at a particular elevation or depth: the 1500-foot level. —v.t.
`21. to make (a surface) level, even, or flat; make horizontal. 22. to
`raise or lower to a particular level or position. 23. to bring (some-
`thing) to the level of the ground:to level trees. 24. Informal. to knock
`down (a person). 25. to make equal, as in status or condition. 26. to
`make even or uniform, as coloring. 27. to aim or point (a weapon,
`criticism, etc.) at a mark or objective. 28. to find the relative elevation
`of different points in (land), as with a surveyor’s level. —v.i 29. to
`bring things or persons to a commonlevel. 30. to aim a weapon,criti-
`cism,etc., at a mark or objective. 31. to speak truthfully and openly
`(often fol. by with). 32. a. to take a level in surveying. b. to use a
`leveling instrument. 33.
`level off, a. (of an aircraft) to maintain a
`constantaltitude after a climb or descent. b. to become stable; reach
`a constant or limit.
`c. to make even or smooth. —Idiom. 34. find
`one’s (own)level, to attain a position or status that matches one’s
`ability. 35. one’s level best, one’s very best; one’s utmost. 36. on the
`level, honest; sincere; reliable.
`[1300-50; ME, var. of livel. < MF <
`VL *libellum, for L libella plummetline, level, dim. of libra balance,
`scales (see castte)] —lev/elely, adv. —lev/eleness, n.
`lev/el cross/ing, n. Brit. cRaDE crossinc. [1835-45]
`leveeleer (lev/a lar), n. 1. a person or thing that levels. 2. a person or
`thing that promotes the abolition of inequalities or other distinctions
`between people. Also, esp. Brit., leveller.
`[1590-1600]
`leveelsheadeed (lev’al hed/id), adj. having common sense and
`sound judgment;
`sensible.
`[1875-80, Amer.] —lev/elehead/edely,
`adv. —lev/elehead/edeness, n.
`Jev/eling rod/, n. nop (def. 15). [1900-05]
`leveeleler (lev’a lar), n. 1. Chiefly Brit. LeveteR. 2. (cap.) a member of
`a radical group organized during the English Civil War, advocating
`political equality and religious tolerance. [1590-1600]
`een play/ing field’, n. a state of equality; an equal opportunity.
`1980-85]
`Leeven (lé/van),
`nm. Loch, a lake in E Scotland: ruins of a castle in
`which Mary Queen of Scots was imprisoned.
`- leveer (lev/ar, lé/var), n. 1. a rigid bar that pivots about one point
`and that is used to move an object at a second point by a force ap-
`plied at a third. 2. a means or agency of persuading or of achieving
`an end. —v.t. 3. to move or lift with or as if with a lever. —v.i. 4. to
`use a lever.
`[1250-1300; MElevere, levour for *lever < AF; OF levier
`= lev(er) to lift (< L levare to lighten,lift) + -ier -1ER’]
`
`levers(def. 1) ae Cl-s
`
`
`
`lé/var ij, -vrij), n.. v., -aged, -ageing.
`lev/rij;
`leveereage (lev/ar ij,
`—n. 1. the action of a lever. 2. the mechanical advantage or power
`gained by using a lever. 3. poweror ability to act effectively or to in-
`fluence people. 4. the use of a small initial investment to gain a rela-
`tively high return. —v.t. 5. to exert power orinfluence on. 6. to pro-
`vide with leverage. 7.
`to speculate in (invested funds) by using
`leverage. [1715-25]
`the purchase of a company with borrowed
`lev‘eraged buyout, n.
`money, using the company’s assets as collateral, and often discharg-
`ing the debt andrealizing a profit by liquidating the company. Abbr.:
`LBO
`leveerset (lev’ar it), mn. a young hare.
`[1400-50; late ME < AF, dim.
`of levre, OF lievre < L leporem, acc. of lepus hare; see -ET]
`Leeverskuesen (la/var ko0’zan), 2. a city in North Rhine-Westphalia,
`in W Germany, on the Rhine. 161,832.
`Leveerstov (lev/ar téf’, -tof), n. Denise, 1923-97, U.S. poet, born in
`England.
`Leevi
`(lé/vi, 1a’vé), mn. 1. a son of Jacob and Leah. Gen. 29:34. 2. one
`of the 12 tribes ofIsrael, traditionally descended from him. 3. original
`name of MatrHew (def. 1). 4. a Levite.
`leveieasble (lev/é a bal), adj. 1. capable of being levied. 2. liable or
`subject to a levy.
`[1475-85]
`(in the Bible) a sea
`(often cap.)
`1.
`leevieaethan (li vi/a than), n.
`monster. 2. any huge marine animal, as the whale. 3. something of
`immensesize or power. [1350-1400; ME < LL < Heb liwyathan]
`levsiser (lev/é ar), n. a person wholevies. [1485-95]
`leveiegate (lev/i gat’), v.t., -gateed, -gateing. to rub, grind, or reduce
`to a fine powder, with or without the addition of a liquid.
`[1605-15;
`< L lévigatus, ptp. of lévigare to smooth, pulverize = /év(is) smooth
`+ -igdre v. suffix (cf. rumicate)] —lev/iega/tion, n.
`Leevi-Monstalecieni
`(lev’é mon‘tal ché/né, 1a/vé-), n. Rita, born
`1909, Italian neurophysiologist: Nobel prize for physiology or medi-
`cine 1986.
`leveierate (lev/ar it, -a rat’, lé/var it, -va rat’), n. Judaism. the cus-
`tom of marriage between a man andhis brother’s widow, required in
`Biblical law under certain circumstances. Deut. 25:5-10.
`[1715-25; <
`L lévir husband's brother (akin to OE tacor, Gk daér, Skt devar) +
`-ATE?] —leveierateic (lev’a rat/ik, lé/va-), lev/ierat/iecal, adj.
`Lesvi's (lé/viz), (used with a pl. v.) Trademark. a brand of jeans, esp.
`blue jeans.
`Lévi-Strauss (l4/vé strous’), n. Claude, born 1908, French anthro-
`pologist, born in Belgium: founderof structural anthropology.
`in
`leveistate (lev/i tat’), v., -tateed, -tateing. —v.i. 1. to rise or float
`the air, esp. as a result of a supernatural power. —v.t. 2. to cause to
`
`
`
`
`rise or float in the air.
`[1665-75; Levit(y) + -aTE', on
`gravitate] —lev/ista/tion, n. —lev/ista/tor, n. —lev/iet
`
`Lesvite (lé/vit), n. 1. a member of the tribe of Levi. ==
`pointed to assist the Temple priests. 2. a descendant«
`
`[1250-1300; ME
`Levi, having honorific religious duties.
`< Gk Leuftés Levite < Leuf (< Heb Lévi Levi, Levite)]
`(li vit/i kel), adj. 1. of or pertaining to the
`&
`Leeviteiecal
`
`or pertaining to Leviticus or the law (Levit/ical law’) com
`viticus. [1525-35] —Leevit/iecalely, adv.
`
`the third bookof theBible. o
`Leeviteiecus (li vit/i kas), 7.
`
`chiefly concerning the priests and Jewish ceremonial ob
`
`Léviticus (liber) Levitical (book) < Gk Leuitikds. See Lev
`
`
`Lev-itetown (lev/it toun’), 7. a town on W LongIslanc
`York. 57,045.
`
`leveisty (levi té), n., pl. -ties. 1. lightness of mind, cha»
`havior, esp. when inappropriate. 2. an instance or exh®
`3. fickleness.
`[1555-65; < L levitas < levis light]
`
`Levekas (lef kas’), 2. an island in the Ionian group,
`of Greece. 114 sq. mi. (295 sq. km):
`
`levo-, a combining form meaning “left,” “levorotatory”
`[repr. L laevus left, on the left; see -o-]
`
`lesvordospa (lé’va did/pa), n. L-popa. [1965-70]
`leevorrostastosry (leva 1d/te tér’é,
`-tor’é) also |b
`
`turning to the left, esp. rotating to the l=
`(-r6/ta ré), adj.
`of polarization of light: levorotatory crystals. Symbol: L-
`
`levey (lev/é), n., pl. leveies, v., leveied, leveyeing. —n 7
`or collecting, as of a tax, by authority or force. 2. the
`
`or collected. 3. the conscription of troops. 4. the troop
`—v.t. 5. to impose (a tax, fine, etc.): to levy a duty on
`
`conscript (troops). 7. to start or wage (war). —v.i. 8.
`[1375-1425; late ME lew
`tach property by judicial order.
`use of fem. ptp. of lever to raise; see LEVEE’)
`lewd (ld0d), adj. -er, -est. 1. inclined to, characterized =
`to lust or lechery; lascivious. 2. obscene or indecent, 2:
`lacious. 3. Obs.
`(bef. 900; ME leud,
`lewed, OE l@wede =
`
`—lewd/ly, adv. —lewd/ness, 7.
`Lewees (100is), n. a city in East Sussex, in SE Englané
`84,400.
`
`«
`leweis (160/is), n. a device for lifting a dressed stone.
`
`numberofpieces fitting togetherto fill a dovetailed rece
`stone.
`[1730-40; perh. after the surname of the inven
`
`Leweis (ld0/is), n. 1. Cecil) Day, Day-Lewis, Cecil. 2.
`(“Clive Hamilton”), 1898-1963, English novelist and ess
`ward, born 1918, U.S. physician: Nobel prize 1995. 4. 0
`1885-1951, U.S. writer: Nobel prize 1930. 5. John L(t
`1969, U.S.
`labor leader. 6. Meriwether, 1774-1809.
`leader of the Lewis and Clark expedition 1804-06. 7.
`ham, 1884-1957, English writer and painter, born in
`t
`Leweiesham (100’a sham), n. a borough of Greater L
`231,600.
`
`odorles
`a pale yellow,
`n.
`sit’),
`(l60’a
`lewsissite
`
`[1920-5
`C.H,AsCl,, used as a vesicant in World War I.
`
`ford Lee Lewis (1878-1943), U.S. chemist who develo
`
`the northernmost island of ©
`Lew/is with Har‘ris, n.
`
`(2135 sq. km). Also
`des, in NW Scotland. 825 sq. mi.
`and Har’ris.
`
`[149%
`lex (leks), n., pl. leeges (lé’jéz; Lat. le’ges). Law’.
`lex., 1. lexical. 2. lexicon.
`
`lexeeme (lek/sém), n. a minimal lexical unit in a lan
`or idiomatic phrase, esp. an abstract form underlyi
`forms.
`[1935-40; Lex(icaL) or LEX(ICON) + -EME]
`
`(lek/si kal), adj. 1. of or pertaining to the wars
`lexeiecal
`lary of a language, esp. as distinguished from its sam
`
`syntactic aspects. 2. of, pertaining to, or of the natuze =
`[1830-40] —lex/iecal/iety, n. —lex/iecalely, adv.
`
`the meaning of a base morphe==
`lex/ical mean/ing, n.
`
`dependent of its use within a construction. Compa:
`
`MEANING. [1930-35]
`
`lexicog,., 1. lexicographer. 2. lexicographic. 3. lexicogr=
`lexsiecogeraepher (lek’si kog/ra far), n. a writer, &
`
`of a dictionary.
`[1650-G0; < LGk lexikogrdphos.
`-GRAPHER]
`
`
`1.
`the writme
`lexeiscogeraephy (lek’si kog/ra f8), n.
`compiling ofdictionaries. 2. the principles and proce
`
`[1670-%
`writing, editing, or compiling dictionaries.
`lex‘iecoegraph/iecal, adj. —lew
`graph/ic (-ka graf‘ik),
`
`calely, adv.
`
`the study of the fom
`lexeiecoleoegy (Iek’si kol’a jé), n.
`[1820-30] —lex/iecoslog/ieca
`ing, and use of words.
`lex‘iecoelog/ic, adj. —lex/iecol/oegist, n.
`
`lexeiecon (lek/si kon’, -kan), n., pl. -ca (-ka), -cons. 1.
`the vous
`dictionary, esp. of Greek, Latin, or Hebrew. 2.
`
`particular language, field, social class, person, etc. 3. ™
`tory of words or morphemesin a given language.
`[1
`< MGk,Gklexikdn, n. use of neut. of lexikds of words
`
`(used =
`lexsiecoestactisetics (lek’/si kd sto tis’tiks), n.
`the statistical study of the vocabulary of a language of
`
`historical purposes.
`[1955-60]
`7m. 1. a town in E Massac®
`Lex-ingston (lek/sing tan),
`Boston: first battle of the American Revolution fough=
`
`1775. 29,479. 2. a city in N Kentucky. 239,942.
`
`=
`lexeis (lek/sis), n.
`the vocabulary of a language, esp.
`
`
`
`aa
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`royal assent to rubbing alcohol
`a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterine wall by blocking the ac-
`ice of the British monarch or the Commonwealth:
`
`tion of progesterone.
`[1980; designation given the compound byits
`9. fine; excellent:
`in royal spirits. 10. Informal. ex-
`French manufacturer, Roussel UCLAF, Paris]
`
`nt; unmitigated: a royal pain. —n. 11. a sail set on a
`
`rueaena (160 4/na), n., pl. -nas. a poncholike outer garment of heavy
`Informal. a royal person; member ofthe royalty. 13. a
`
`wool, worn esp. in the mountains of Colombia.
`[1940-45; < AmerSp
`paper, 20 x 25 in. (51 x 64 cm). 14.asize of wnit-
`
`
`(Colombia, Venezuela) (ult. < L raga wrinkle)]
`24 in, (48 = 61 cm). [1325-75; ME < MF < L rega-
`
`Rueaneda (160 in/da), n., pl. -das, (esp. collectively) -da. a member
`= reg- (s. of réx) king + lis -au'; cf. recat] —roy/alely,
`
`of an African people or group of peoples inhabiting Rwanda and parts
`
`of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda.
`:
`(in Great Britain and other Commonwealth coun-
`, n.
`Ruan/da-Urun/di, 2. a former territory in central Africa, E of the
`
`ial consent of the sovereign or a representative to a bill
`rliament.
`
`Democratic Republic of
`the Congo: administered by Belgium as a
`United Nations trust
`territory 1946-62; now divided into the inde-
`¥, n. a deep blue, often with a purplish tinge. [1810-20]
`
`Wdian Mount/ed Police’, n.
`the national police force
`pendent states of Rwanda and Burundi.
`e 1920.
`rub (rub), v., rubbed, rubebing, n. —v.t. 1. to subject (something) to
`
`_n. a tall, coarse osmunda fern, Osmunda regalis, hav-
`pressure and friction, as in cleaning, polishing, or massaging; move
`
`one thing back and forth or with a rotary motion along the surface of
`t fronds, growing in wetland areas.
`[1770-80]
`
`(something else). 2. to move, spread, or apply with pressure andfric-
` n. a hand in poker consisting of the five highest cards
`
`tion over something: to rub lotion on chapped hands. 3. to move (two
`865-70]
`
`things) with pressure and friction over each other: He rubbed his
`‘a list), n. 1. a supporter of a monarch or royal govern-
`
`hands together. 4. to force (something) by pressure andfriction (fol.
`‘im times of rebellion or civil war. 2. (cap.) a supporter of
`
`by in or inte). 5. to make sore from friction. 6. to remove or erase by
`i: England; Cavalier. 3. (often cap.) a loyalist in the Ameri-
`
`pressure and friction (often fol. by off or out). —v.i. 7. to exert pres-
`sition; Tory. 4. (cap.) a supporter of the Bourbons in France.
`
`sure and friction on something. 8.
`to move with pressure against
`ef or pertaining to royalists. [1635-45] —roy/aleism,7:
`
`, Mt.
`a viscous substance secreted from the pharyngeal
`something. 9. to admit of being rubbed in a specified manner: Chalk
`rubs off easily. 10, rub down, a. to smooth,polish, or clean by rub-
`worker honeybees, fed to all larvae during their first few
`
`bing. b. to massage. 11. rub off on, to pass along to, as or as if by
`erward only to those larvae selected to be queens.
`
`touching: I wish your good luck would rub off on me. 12. rub out, a.
`fast’, n. a mast situated immediately above, and generally
`
`to obliterate; erase, b. Slang.
`to murder. —n. 13. an act or instance of
`© a single spar with, a topgallant mast. [1785-95]
`
`rubbing: an alcohol rub. 14. something that annoys or irritates one’s
`, m1. a city in SE Michigan, near Detroit. 64,120.
`
`feelings. 15. an annoying experience or circumstance. 16. an obstacle
`, mi. any of several tall, showy feather palmsofthe ge-
`
`or difficulty.
`17. a rough or abraded area caused by rubbing.
`a, as R. regia.
`(1860-65, Amer.]
`
`—idiom. 18. rub elbows or shoulders with, to associate or mingle
`ncian/a, n. a tree, Delonix regia, of the legume family, na-
`with. 19. rub it in, to emphasize or reiterate something unpleasant in
`
`agascar, having clusters of scarlet flowers and long,flat,
`order to tease or annoy. 20. rub someone's nosein, to remind some-
`
`is. Also called flame tree. [1895-1900]
`one persistently of (a past mistake) in order to punish. 21. rub the
`r
`(roi’al té), 7., pl. -ties. 1. royal persons collectively. 2.
`
`wrong way,to irritate; offend; annoy.
`[1300-50; ME rubben (v.); ob-
`tus, dignity, or power; sovereignty. 3. a person of royal line-
`scurely akin to Fris (East Frisian), LG rubben]
`
`ember of a royal family. 4. Usu., royalties. prerogatives or
`Rub’ al Khaseli
`(roob’ al ka/lé), n. a desert in S Arabia, N of Hadhra-
`Sa sovereign. 5. a royal domain; kingdom;realm. 6. character
`maut and extending from Yemen to Oman. ab. 300,000 sq. mi.
`
`y properto or befitting a sovereign; nobility. 7. a compensa-
`
`(777,000 sq. km). Also called Empty Quarter, Great Sandy Desert.
`‘ion of the proceeds paid to the ownerof a right, as a pat-
`
`rusbaeto (rd0 ba/td), adj., n., pl. -tos, -ti (-té). Music. —adj. 1. hav-
`or mineral right, for the use of it. 8, an agreed portion of
`
`ing certain notes arbitrarily lengthened while others are correspond-
`e from a work paid to its author, composer, etc., usu. a per-
`
`ingly shortened, or vice versa. —n. 2. a rubato phrase or passage.
`‘of the retail price of each copy sold. 9. a rayal right, as over
`
`[1880-85; < It (tempo) rubatostolen (time), ptp. of rubare to steal <
`is, granted by a sovereign to a person or corporation. 10. the
`Gmc]
`
`made for such a right.
`[1350-1400; ME roialte < OF. See
`(rub/ar), n. 1. a highly elastic solid substance, light cream
`rubeber’
`]
`or dark amber in color, polymerized by the drying and coagulation of
`[1825-35]
`pe’, pron. we (def. 4).
`the latex or milky juice of rubber trees and plants, esp. of the Hevea
`lorces‘ter, Trademark. WORCESTER CHINA.
`
`and Ficus species. 2. a material made by chemically treating and
`is), n. Josiah, 1855-1916, U.S. philosopher and educator.
`
`toughening this substance, used in the manufactureof electrical insu-
`© (roz/ar), n. Brit. Slang. a policeman.
`(1890-95; orig. uncert.]
`lation, elastic bands, tires, and other products. 3. any of various simi-
`
`eceived Pronunciation. 2. repurchase agreement.
`3.retinitis
`OSa.
`lar substances and materials made synthetically. 4. an eraser of this
`
`material. 5. a low overshoe of this material. 6. RUBBER BAND. 7. an in-
`strumentor tool used for rubbing, polishing, scraping, etc. 8. a person
`i Reformed Presbyterian. 2. Regius Professor.
`who rubs something. 9. a person who gives massages. 10. Baseball.
`ple-playing game.
`an oblong piece of white rubber or other material embedded in the
`.p.m., revolutions per minute.
`pitcher’s mound. 11. Slang. a condom. —adj. 12. made of, contain-
`
`p.s., revolutions per second.
`ing, or coated with rubber.
`
`. fepeat. 2. report.
`rubsber? (rub/ar), n. 1. (in bridge) a series or round played until one
`spiratory quotient.
`side has won two out of three games. 2. Also called rub/ber match/.
`
`3.rural route.
`R.R., 1. railroad. 2. Right Reverend.
`a deciding contest when a competition is tied.
`[1585-95]
`
`ved
`(ar/ra’tid), adj.
`(of a motion picture) suitable for those un-
`rub/ber band/, n. a narrow circular or oblong band of rubber, used
`
`years of age only when accompanied by an adult. [1965-70]
`for holding papers or other things together.
`[1890-95]
`
`rub/ber cement’, n. a viscous, flammable liquid consisting of un-
`ia or -rhagia, a combining form with the meanings “rupture,”
`
`e discharge,” “abnormal flow”: menorrhagia.
`[< Gk -rrhagia,
`vulcanized rubber dispersed in benzene, gasoline, or the like, used
`
`form akin to rhégnynai to break, burst, shatter]
`chiefly as an adhesive,
`[1890-95]
`
`rub/ber check’, n. a check drawn on an accountlacking the funds
`y or -rhaphy,
`a combining form meaning “suture”:
`teno-
`
`y. [< Gk -rrhaphia, comb. form akin to rhdptein to stitch, sew)
`to pay it; a check that bounces. [1925-30, Amer.]
`
`or -rhea or -rhoea or -rrhoea, a combining form meaning
`rub/ber ice’,
`n. Canadian.
`thin ice that shifts, cracks, or groans
`when crossed on foot.
`[1915-20]
`aw.” “discharge”: menorrhea; pyorrhea.
`[< NL -rrhoea < Gk
`
`fia, comb. form.repr. rhofa a flow, akin to rhein to flow, sTREAM]
`to coat or impregnate
`rubsbersize (rub/a riz’), v.t., -ized, -izeing.
`
`or -rhiza, var. of rHizo- as a final element; mycorrhiza. [< NL
`with rubber or some preparation of it. [1910-15]
`Sk
`rhiza Root’)
`
`rubsbereneck (rub/ar nek’), Informal. —v.i. 1. to stare with curios-
`Ba, Var. of -RRHEA.
`
`ity, as by craning the neck or turning the head. —n. Also, rub/bers
`neck/er, 2. a curious onlooker. 3. a sightseer or tourist. [1895-1900]
`§A,
`ribosomal RNA.
`
`rubber plant’, n. 1. an Asian tree, Ficus elastica, of the mulberry
`or R.S., 1. Recording Secretary. 2. Revised Statutes. 3. right side.
`
`Republic of South Africa.
`family, having oblong, shiny, leathery leaves, used as a source of rub-
`
`ber and cultivated as a houseplant. 2. any plant yielding rubber.
`D,
`repetitive strain disorder.
`
`PSR or R.S.F.S.R., Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic.
`rub/ber stamp’, nr. 1. a device with a rubber printing surface that is
`repetitive strain injury.
`coated with ink by pressing it on an ink-saturated pad, used for im-
`
`Revised Standard Version.
`printing names, standard messages, etc. 2. a person, government
`
`, (used on an invitation to indicate that the favor of a reply is re-
`agency, etc., that gives approval automatically or routinely. 3. such
`
`approval. [1885-90] —rub/ber-stamp/,v.t.
`— (1895-1900; < F r(épondez) s(’il) v(ous) p(lait) please re-
`
`rub/ber tree’, n. any tree that yields latex from which rubberis pro-
`
`duced, esp, Hevea brasiliensis, of the spurge family, native to South
`fight.
`America, the chief commercial source of rubber.
`[1840-50]
`t. Football. right tackle.
`e.,
`route.
`rubsberey (rub’aré), adj.
`like rubber; elastic; tough.
`[1905-10]
`
`rubsbing (rub/ing), 7. an impression of an incised or sculptured sur-
`& Hon., Right Honorable:
`face made by laying paper over it and rubbing with graphite or a sim-
`m Rev., Right Reverend.
`
`ilar substance until the image appears. [1835-45]
`fw, ready-to-wear.
`rub/bing al/cohol, n. a poisonous solution of about 70 percent iso-
`mi,
`Chem. Symbol. ruthenium.
`
`propyl or denatured ethyl alcohol, used in massaging.
`[1925-30]
`J 486, n. an antigestational drug, in the form ofa pill, that prevents
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Google Ex. 1006 pg. 004
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`Google Ex. 1006 pg. 004
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`

`

`1459
`violinmaker to virtuoso
`Puerto Rico: comprises the Virgin Islands of the United States and the
`elinemakeer (vi’a lin’ma/ker), n. a person who designs and con-
`British Virgin Islands. Abbr.: VI, V.I.
`cts violins, esp. professionally. [1675-85]
`1814-79,
`
`slet-le-Duc (vy6 le/la dyk/), n. Eugéne Emmanuel,
`Vir‘gin Is/lands Na/tional Park’, n. a national park on St. John
`ench architect and writer.
`Island, Virgin Islands. 23 sq. mi. (59 sq. km).
`
`Oelonecelelo (ve’a lan chel/6,
`vi‘-), n., pl. -los, ceLLo.
`Vir/gin Is/lands of the Unit/ed States’, n.pi. a group ofislands
`
`in the West Indies, including St. Thomas, St. John, and St. Croix: pur-
`It] —vi‘oclonecel/list, n.
`
`chased from Denmark 1917. 110,000; 133 sq. mi. (345 sq. km). Cap.:
`P or V.LP. (ve/i/pé/), Informal. very important person. [1940-45]
`
`Charlotte Amalie. Formerly, Danish West Indies.
`Wieper (viper), n. 1. any venomous snake of the cosmopolitan family
`vireginsisty (var jin‘i té), n. 1. the condition of being a virgin. 2. the
`Viperidae, characterized by a pair of hollow fangs that can be erected
`
`condition of being pure or unused. 3. Informal any naive or unin-
`for biting and injecting venom:includes the adders, puff adders, and
`formed state. [1250-1300; ME < AF, OF < L]
`pit vipers. 2. any of various other venomous or supposedly venomous
`
`Vir/gin Mar/y, n. 1. Mary (def. 1). 2. a Bloody Mary made without
`‘snakes. 3. a malignant, spiteful, or treacherous person.
`[1520-30; <
`
`vodka or other liquor.
`[1250-1300]
`vipera, haplological var. of *vivipera, n: use of fem. of *viviper,
`ter (as re-formation) viviparus viviparous] —vi/pereish, adj.
`vir/gin’s-bow/er, n. any of several climbing varieties of clematis, as
`
`Clematis virginiana, of E North America, with branching clusters of
`Wiepereine (vi/par in, -pa rin’), adj. viperous.
`
`small white flowers.
`[1590-1600]
`Wiepereous (vi/par as), adj. 1. resembling a viper. 2. pertaining to or
`Virego (vir’gd), n., gen. Viregienis (vir/ja nis) for 1. 1. the Virgin, a
`"characteristic of vipers.
`3. venomous.
`[1525-35] —vi/pereousely,
`adv.
`
`zodiacal constellation between Leo and Libra, containing the bright
`star Spica. 2. a. the sixth sign of the zodiac. b. a person born under
`Wisrasgo (vi ra/g0, -ra/-), n., pl. -goes, -gos. 1. a loud-voiced,ill-
`
`this sign, usu. between August 23 and September 22.
`[bef. 1000; ME,
`“tempered, scolding woman; shrew. 2. Archaic. a woman of strength
`OE < L: maiden]
`or spirit.
`[bef. 1000; ME, OE < L viragd = vir man + -ago suffix ex-
`
`viregule (vir/gydol), n. 1. a short oblique stroke (/) between two
`‘pressing association of some kind, here resemblance]
`words indicating that the appropriate one may be chosen to complete
`ral (vi/ral), adj. of, pertaining to, or caused by a virus. [1935-40]
`the sense of the text:
`the defendant and/or his/her attorney. 2. a di-
`eeelay or vireeelai (vir/a 1a/), n., pl. -lays or -lais. an old French
`
`rm of short poem, composed of short lines running on two rhymes
`viding line, as in dates, fractions, a run-in passage of poetry to show
`verse division, etc. Also called diagonal.
`[1830-40; < F virgule
`d having two openinglines recurring at intervals.
`[1350-1400; ME
`
`comma,little rod < L virguia, dim. of virga rod]
`OF virelai]
`vieriecide (vi/ra sid’), n. virucipe. —vi‘riecid/al, adj.
`sMmica
`(vi ré/mé a), n.
`the presence of a virus in the blood.
`vireiedesecent (vir/i des’ant), adj. slightly green; greenish.
`(1945-50; vin(us) + -emia] —viere/mic, adj.
`
`ireéso (vir’é 6/), n., pl. vireeeos. any of various small, insectivorous,
`< L virid(is) green (see vert)] —vir/iedes/cence, 7.
`
`
`vierideiean (va rid’é an), m. a long-lasting, bluish green pigment, con-
`typically dull-plumaged songbirds of the family Vireonidae, of the
`sisting of a hydrated oxide of chromium. [1880-85; < L]
`
`New World, havingaslightly hooked bill. [1825-35; < NL; L vireo
`
`)Pliny), prob. the greenfinch, der. of virére to be green]
`vierideisty (va rid/i té), mn. 1. greenness; verdure. 2. youth; inexperi-
`resecence (vi res/ans, vi-), n. Bot.
`the state of becoming some-
`ence. [1400-50; late ME < L viridit@s = viridi(s) green + -tds -TY*]
`virsile (vir‘al; esp. Brit.
`-il), adj.
`1. having or exhibiting masculine
`H)what green due to the abnormalpresence of chlorophyll. [1885-90]
`
`strength; masculine; manly. 2. characterized by a vigorous, masculine
`resecent
`(vi res‘ant, vi-), adj.
`1. turning green. 2. tending toa
`spirit. 3. pertaining to or characteristic of a man, esp. in a copulative
`een color; greenish.
`(1820-30; < L viréscent-, viréscéns, prp. of
`
`function.
`(1480-90; < L virilis manly = vir man (akin to OE wer
`iréscere to becomegreen, inchoative der. of virére to be green]
`man; se@ WEREWOLF) + -Zlis -1LE*]
`f
`
`Wirega (vir’ga), n. (used with a sing. or pl. v.) streaks of water drops
`vireileism (vir/a liz’am), n.
`the condition in a female of having male
`"or ice particles falling out of a cloud and evaporating before reaching
`
`secondary sex characteristics. [1895-1900]
`e ground.
`[1935-40; < L: rod, streak]
`vierileisty (va ril/i té), n.
`the state or quality of being virile; manly
`yirsgate’
`(viir/git, -gat), adj. shaped like a rod or wand; long, slen-
`
`character, vigor, or spirit; masculinity,
`[1580-90; < L]
`‘der, and straight. [1815-25; < L virgdtus; see virca, ~ATE']
`
`egate? (vir’git, -gat), n. an early English measure of land, equal to
`vierileize (vi’ra liz’), v.t., -ized, -izeing.
`to induce or promote the de-
`about 30 acres (12 hectares).
`[1645-55; < ML virgata (terrae) meas-
`velopment of male secondary sex characteristics in (a female); mascu-
`linize. —vi/rileieza/tion, 7.
`
`e (of land), fem. of L virgatus pertaining to a rod; see vircaTe']
`
`the infectious form of a virus as it ex-
`vierison (vi/ré on’, vir/é-), n.
`iregil
`(vir/jal), n.
`(Publius Vergilius Maro) 70-19 8.c., Roman poet:
`ists outside the host cell, consisting of a core of DNA or RNA, a pro-
`author of The Aeneid. —Viregileiean (varjil’é an, -jil’yan), adj.
`
`inter-
`egin (vir/jin), n. 1..a person who has never had sexual
`tein coat, and, in some species, an external envelope.
`[1960-65; < F
`
`virion (1959) = viri(en) viral (see virus, -IAN) + -ort -on']
`urse. 2. an unmarried girl or woman. 3. the Virgin, Mary,
`the
`
`vieroid (vi/roid), m. an infectious agent of plants similar to a virus but
`| mother of Jesus. 4. Informal. any person who is uninitiated, unin-
`
`consisting of only a short, single strand of RNA withouta protein
`iformed, or the like. 5. an animal, esp. a female, that has not copu-
`coat.
`i lated. 6. a. a female insect that lays viable eggs without malefertili-
`
`zation. b.
`the female resulting from such an egg. 7.
`(cap.) Virco.
`the study of viruses and viral dis-
`vieroleoegy (vi rol’a jé, vi-), n.
`eases.
`[1930-35] —vi/roslog/iecal (-ra loj/i kal), adj. —vierol’oegist,
`pad). 8. beinga virgin. 9. of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a vir-
`n.
`
`gin. 10. pure; unsullied. 11.
`first:
`the senator's virgin speech. 12.
`
`_ without alloy or modification: virgin gold. 13. not previously exploited
`v. irr., irregular verb.
`r used: virgin timberlands, 14. Zool. notfertilized. 15. (esp. of olive
`viretu or veretu (var too’, viir/tdo), m. 1. excellence or merit in ob-
`
`il) obtained by the first light pressing and without the application of
`jects of art, curios, and the like. 2. (used with a pl. v.) such objects or
`articles collectively. 3. a taste for such objects.
`[1715-25; < tt virti,
`heat. [1150-1200; ME virgine < AF, OF < L virgin-, s. of virgo]
`
`vertil VIRTUE]
`regineal’ (vir/ja nl), adj. 1. pertaining to, characteristic of, or befit-
`ting a virgin. 2. continuing in a state of virginity. 3. pure; unsullied.
`viretueal
`(vir/choo al), adj.
`1, being such in force or effect, though
`
`. Zool. not fertilized. [1400-50; late ME < L] —vir/ginealely, adv.
`not actually or expressly such: reduced to virtual poverty. 2. a. noting
`Viregineal? (vir‘ja nl), n. Often, virginals. a rectangular harpsichord
`an optical image formed by the apparent convergence of rays geomet-
`
`with the strings stretched parallel to the keyboard, the earlier types
`tically, but not actually, prolonged, as the image formed by a mirror
`
`placed on a table: popular in the 16th and 17th centuries.
`[1520-30;
`(opposed to real). b. noting a focus of a system forming virtual im-
`appar. identical with vircinat'] —vir/ginealeist, n.
`ages. 3. a. temporarily simulated or extended by computer software:
`
`virtual memory on a hard disk. b. of, existing on, or by means of
`ir’gin birth’, n. 1. the theological. doctrine that the conception and
`birth of Christ did not impair the virginity of Mary. 2. paRTHENOGENE-
`computers: virtual discussions on the Internet.
`[1350-1400; ME < ML
`sis.
`
`virtudlis = L virtu(s) virtue + -dlis -au'] —vir/tuealfiety, 7.
`viretuealely (vir/choo a lé), adv.
`for the most part; almost wholly;
`“Viregineia (var jin/ya), n. 1. a state in the E United States, on the At-
`just about.
`[1400-50] ——Usage. See LITERALLY,
` Jantic coast: part of the historical South. 6,733,996; 40,815 sq. mi.
`
`(105,710 sq. km). Cap.: Richmond. Abbr.: VA, Va. 2. (italics) MeRri-
`vir/tual real/ity, n. a realistic simulation of an environment, includ-
`mack (def, 2). —Viregin/ian, n., adj.
`ing three-dimensional graphics, by a computer system using interac-
`tive software and hardware. [1985-90]
`| Virgin/ia Beach/, n. a city in S