United States Patent
`US 8,680,712 B2
`(10) Patent No.:
`(12)
`Leeetal.
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Mar.25, 2014
`
`
`US008680712B2
`
`(54) POWER DELIVERY OVER DIGITAL
`INTERACTION INTERFACE FOR VIDEO AND
`;
`AUDIO (DIIVA)
`Inventors: Dongyun Lee, Sunnyvale, CA (US);
`Edward Pak, Saratoga, CA (US); John
`Hahn,Los Altos, CA (US); Mayank
`Gupta, Sunnyvale, CA (US)
`
`(75)
`
`(73) Assignee: Silicon Image, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA
`(US)
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`Subject to anydisclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`US.C. 154(b) by 814 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 12/636,063
`(22) Filed:
`Dec. 11, 2009
`(65)
`Prior Publication Data
`US2010/0283324 Al
`Nov. 11, 2010
`
`(60)
`
`(51)
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`rovisional application No. 61/201,727,filed on Dec.
`,
`‘
`Int.Cl.
`HO27 1/00
`GO6F 3/00
`(52) U.S.CL
`USPC eecsessessssssessesssssssnnessseeesneset 307/54; 710/15
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC coccccccccecee 307/42, 54; 710/104, 305, 313, 8, 9,
`710/15—-17
`See applicationfile for complete search history.
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`5,983,288 A *
`6,339,831 B1*
`6,567,007 BI1*
`7,142,094 Bl
`
`IL/1999 Vise oe 710/16
`
`we T14/3
`1/2002 Sugawaraetal. ....
`5/2003 Fritsche etal. ow... 340/653
`11/2006 Davidowetal.
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`101032113
`9/2007
`0166441
`1/1986
`
`CN
`EP
`
`.
`(Continued)
`
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`veer,
`yes
`.
`.
`Introduction to DiiVA, DiiVA Consortium, 2010.*
`(Continued)
`
`Pri
`Examiner — Khanh D
`;
`eae
`PNY ENGINES
`am
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Fenwick & West LLP
`
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`A system for delivering power over a network of devices
`connected through a serial link includes a first and second
`differential pairs of wires. Each differential pair of wires is
`double AC coupled by a HPF on oneside and by another HPF
`on an opposite side. An LPF connects a portion of each
`differential pair of wires between the HPFs to a voltage
`source, and another LPF connects that portion of each differ-
`ential pair to a load. The system further includes a third and
`fourth differential pairs ofwires. All four differential pairs of
`wires are located within a single cable, such as a CAT6 cable.
`Thefirst, second andthird differential pair of wires are used
`for video links, and the fourth differential pair of wires are
`used for the bi-directional hybrid link. A powerdelivery cir-
`cuit in each device includes a voltage source, a powerrelay
`switch, a signatureresistor for detection, and a load detector.
`
`10 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`US, PATENT DOCUMENTS
`4,575,714 A *
`3/1986 Rummel ee 340/468
`
`6/1995 Gorenetal. oo 710/300
`5,428,752 A *
`5,783,926 A *
`7/1998 Moonetal. ve 320/106
`
`| PODSource POD Relay
`
`
`
`
`
`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
`Page 1
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`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
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`

`

`US8,680,712 B2
`
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
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`5/2011 Vorenkampetal. ............ 361/87
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`2002/0171741 Al
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`2004/0267974 AL* 12/2004 Dunstan wees 710/8
`2005/0004708 Al
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`2005/0132109 AL*
`6/2005 Steger cic 710/104
`2006/0100799 Al*
`5/2006
`.
`wee 702/57
`
`
`TI2006 SU icececcecseeteereterenetenee 324/534
`2006/0164098 Al *
`8/2007 Bankset al.
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`12/2008 Suzuki etal.
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`1/2009 You etal.
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`10/2009 Lee etal.
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`4/2010 Kimetal. woe 700/12
`2010/0283324 Al
`11/2010 Lee etal.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`JP
`JP
`KR
`TW
`TW
`
`1473941
`2005-217799 A
`2007-134803 A
`10-2005-00123 10
`200303711 A
`200843279 A
`
`3/2004
`8/2005
`5/2007
`2/2005
`9/2003
`11/2008
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`“Electrical Transient Immunity for Power-Over-Ethernet,” Applica-
`tion Report, SLVA233A,Texas Instruments, Apr. 2006, Revised Aug.
`2006, 20 pages.
`
`Digital Visual Interface DVI Revision 1.0, Digital Display Working
`Group, Apr. 2, 1999, 76 pages.
`DisplayPort Ver. 1.2 Overview, DisplayPort Developer Conference,
`Taipei, Dec. 6, 2010, 33 pages.
`High-Definition Multimedia Interface Specification Version 13,
`HDMILicensing, LLC, Jun. 22, 2006, 237 pages.
`“Introduction to DilVA Designed Specifically for Home Entertain-
`ment Networking,” DiiVA Licensing LLC, 2010, 4 pages.
`Decision on Rejection dated Feb. 5, 2013 (+ English translation), in
`Chinese Patent Application No. 200980100976.3, 16 pages.
`DuiVA Specification 1.1 Draft A, DiiVA Promoters Group.distribu-
`tion date Jan. 7, 2010, 188 pages.
`International Search Report and Written Opinionofthe International
`Searching Authority dated Jun. 29, 2010, in International Patent
`Application No. PCT/US2009/067744, 10 pages.
`International Search Report and Written Opinionofthe International
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`Application No. PCT/US2009/038077, 7 pages.
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`Application No. PCT/US11/21031.
`Microprocessor and Microcomputer Standards Committee of the
`IEEE Computer Society, “IEEE P1394r Draft 1 Draft Standard for
`High PerformanceSerial Bus”, 2007.
`Office Action dated Jan. 31, 2012 (+ English translation), in Chinese
`Patent Application No. 200980 100976.3, 21 pages.
`Office Action dated Jul. 24, 2013 (+ English translation), in Taiwan
`Patent Application No. 098142426, 12 pages.
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`Patent Application No. 098110096, 35 pages.
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`Office Action for Patent Application No. 2011-501975, (Aug. 5,
`2013).
`Japanese Office Action, Japanese Application No. 2011-540936, Jan.
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`
`* cited by examiner
`
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 25, 2014
`
`Sheet 1 of 7
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`US 8,680,712 B2
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`
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`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
`Page 3
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`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
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`

`

`Sheet 2 of 7
`
`US 8,680,712 B2
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25, 2014
`
`éOld
`
`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
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`Sheet 3 of 7
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`US 8,680,712 B2
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25, 2014
`
`€Old
`
`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
`Page 5
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`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Mar. 25,2014
`
`Sheet 4 of 7
`
`US 8,680,712 B2
`
`POD Source
`' Detect
`
`POD Relay
`
`Detect
`
`POS Source
`
`FIG. 4
`
`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
`Page 6
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`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
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`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar.25, 2014
`
`Sheet 5 of 7
`
`US 8,680,712 B2
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`
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`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
`Page 7
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Mar. 25,2014
`
`Sheet 6 of 7
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`US 8,680,712 B2
`
`S4
`
`$3
`
`$2 oe
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`Off
`
`CTT on
`
`Standby
`
`Ay
`a Al
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`
`Link view of Connection
`
`FIG. 6
`
`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Mar. 25,2014
`
`Sheet 7 of 7
`
`US 8,680,712 B2
`
`TV (POD server) sends powertoall
`devices in daisy chain
`
`All devices that are not locally
`powered receive powerfrom TV
`(POD server) over DiiVA cable
`
`PODclient (STB), in POD mode,
`operates the Hybrid Link in normal
`mode
`
`All devices discover each other
`through the Hybrid Link control
`protocol
`
`
`
`TV sends command to source device
`(DVD player) to turnitself on
`
`U
`
`DVDplayerturnsitself on
`
`DVD player sends video data to TV
`
`FIG. 7
`
`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
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`

`

`US 8,680,712 B2
`
`1
`POWERDELIVERYOVERDIGITAL
`INTERACTION INTERFACE FOR VIDEO AND
`AUDIO (DIIVA)
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`Thepresent application is based upon,and claimsthe ben-
`efit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119, to U.S. Provisional
`Patent Application No. 61/201,727 (the “’727 provisional
`application’), filed Dec. 11, 2008 and entitled “Power Deliv-
`ery Over Digital Interactive Interface For Video And Audio
`(DiiVA).” The content of the ’727 provisional application is
`incorporated herein byreferencein its entirety as though fully
`set forth.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`DiiVA (Digital Interactive Interface For Video And Audio)
`is a bi-directional audio/video interface that allows uncom-
`pressed high-definition video, as well as multi-channel audio,
`high-bandwidth, and bi-directionaldata to be transferred over
`a single cable. DiiVA implementsa bi-directional hybrid data
`channel capable oftransporting user data, including but not
`limited to audio data, control data, Ethernet data, and bulk
`data. DiiVA allows users to connect, configure and control a
`plurality of consumerelectronic devices (including without
`limitation DVD players, digital video recorders, set
`top
`boxes, personal computers, camcorders, cameras, and home
`stereo systems, just by way of example) from their digital TV
`or other DiiVA node.
`Methods and systems are needed for reliably delivering
`power over DiiVA.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`2
`used in addition or instead. When the same numeral appears
`in different drawings,it is intendedto refer to the sameorlike
`components or steps.
`FIG. 1 illustrates power delivery over DiiVA for an
`upstream device and a downstream device connected through
`a serial link,
`in accordance with one embodiment of the
`present disclosure.
`FIG. 2 illustrates the network topology for a powerrail
`assigned to a DiiVA source device, in accordance with one
`embodimentof the present disclosure.
`FIG. 3 illustrates the network topology for a power rail
`assigned to a DiiVA sink device, in accordance with one
`embodimentof the present disclosure.
`FIG.4 illustrates an exemplary POD (Power Over DiiVA)
`circuit, in accordance with one embodiment of the present
`disclosure.
`FIG. 5 provides a schematic overview of a DilVA control
`protocol, in accordance with one embodimentof the present
`disclosure.
`
`FIG.6 illustrates a physical view and a link view of the
`connection between an active source device S4, PODclients
`S1-S3, anda POD server TV, in accordance with one embodi-
`mentofthe present disclosure.
`FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one example of power
`delivery over DiiVA in a daisy chain configuration that
`includes one source device, one POD client, and one sink
`device.
`
`DESCRIPTION
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
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`DELL/HP/LENOVO EXHIBIT 1001
`Page 10
`
`In the present disclosure, methods and systems are dis-
`closed for delivering power over DiiVA. Illustrative embodi-
`ments are discussed. Other embodiments may be used in
`addition orinstead.
`FIG.1 illustrates power delivery over DuVA between an
`A system for delivering power over a network of devices
`upstream device and a downstream device connected through
`connectedthrougha seriallink includesa first differential pair
`a serial link,
`in accordance with one embodiment of the
`of wires and a second differential pair of wires. The first
`presentdisclosure.
`differential pair of wires is double AC coupled by a first HPF
`In one embodiment, DiiVA implementsserial link technol-
`(high pass filter) on one side and by a second HPF on an
`ogy, i.e. sends information in bit stream format. The physical
`opposite side. The seconddifferential pair of wires is double
`layer device performs parallel-to-serial conversion,
`then
`AC coupled bya third HPF on oneside and by a fourth HPF
`sends serial bits through a cable, which in one embodiment
`on an opposite side. A first LPF (lowpass filter) connects a
`maybe constructed using copper wire. A plurality of devices
`portion ofthe first differential pair of wires betweenthefirst
`or nodes are connected through DiiVA in a daisy chain, in
`HPFandthe second HPFto a voltage source. A second LPF
`whichthefirst device is connected through DiiVAto a second
`connects the portion ofthefirst differential pair of wires to a
`device, the second device is connected through DiiVA to a
`load. The system further includesa third differential pair of
`third device, and so on until the last device, with no loop-
`wires and a fourth differential pair of wires. All four differ-
`backs or webs.
`ential pairs of wires are located within a single cable, such as
`In one embodiment, DiiVA implementsdifferential signal-
`a CAT6cable. Thefirst, second and third differential pair of
`ing, using two wires. When sendingthebit “1,” plus voltage
`wires are used for video links, and the fourth differential pair
`is put on one wire, and minusvoltage is put on the other wire,
`of wires are used for a bi-directional hybrid link.
`and when sendingthe bit “0,” the polarityis flipped.
`A powerdelivery circuit configured to deliver powerto one
`Inthe embodimentillustrated in FIG. 1, an upstream device
`or more of a plurality of devices connected in a network
`105 is connected to a downstream device 106 througha serial
`includes a voltage source, and a powerrelay switch which can
`link for whichasingle cable can be used. In one embodiment,
`close to relay the voltage generated by the voltage source to
`the devices in the network. The circuit further includes a
`the cable may be an Ethernet CAT6 cable. Other embodi-
`ments may use different types of cables, including but not
`signature resistor for power sourcedetection from oneof the
`limited to the CATS cable and the CAT7cable.
`connected devices. A load detector is connected to the switch
`In the illustrated embodiment, the cable includes four
`and reads a load current flowing therethrough in order to
`detect a load in a connected device and extract information
`twisted pair wires, or differential pair wires. In the present
`about the connected device based on the load current.
`application, a “differential pair wire” means two copper
`wires. In FIG.1, the first pair is shown as VLO+ and VLO-,
`where VL stands for videolink; the secondpairis indicated as
`VL1+ and VL1-; thethird pair is shown as VL2+ and VL2-;
`the fourth pair is shown as HL+ and HL-, where HL stands
`for hybrid link.
`
`
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`The drawingsdisclose illustrative embodiments. They do
`not set forth all embodiments. Other embodiments may be
`
`
`
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`US 8,680,712 B2
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`4
`rails (PRO and PR1, respectively) to a circuit 210, and the
`return or ground current flows to ground through the lower
`differential pair in the powerrails. In the embodimentsillus-
`trated in FIGS. 2 and 3, signature resistor 220 is used for
`detections.
`
`FIG.4 is a schematic conceptual diagram of an exemplary
`POD (Power Over DiiVA)circuit, in accordance with one
`embodiment of the present disclosure.
`In one or more
`embodiments of the present disclosure, each device in the
`DiiVA network that supports POD contains such a POD cir-
`cuit. In FIG. 4, both a POD circuit 401 for a downstream
`power channel(Tx (transmitter) to Rx (receiver)) and a POD
`circuit 402 for an upstream power channel (Rx to Tx) are
`illustrated. In one or more embodiments, both the down-
`stream power channel and the upstream power channel may
`have a powerdelivery capacity of about 500 mA at about 5 V,
`over 2 pairs of signals. Other embodiments mayhave differ-
`ent powerdelivery capacities.
`In some embodiments (not illustrated), the downstream
`power channel and the upstream power channel may be
`aggregated to provide more power in the same direction.
`In the illustrative POD circuits shownin FIG.4,the refer-
`ence numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 indicate copper wire
`numbering: “1,2” and “3,4”refer to the first two differential
`pairs of wires in the serial links connecting the devices in the
`DuVAnetwork, while “5,6” and “7,8”refer to the second two
`differential pairs of wires in the serial links. In the illustrated
`embodiment, one set of pairs (denoted “1,2” and “3,4’) are
`used to transmit power upstream, while the otherset of pairs
`(denoted “5,6” and “7,8”) are used to transmit power down-
`stream. In other embodiments, different arrangementsof the
`wires may be used to transmit power upstream or down-
`stream.
`
`3
`Asshown in FIG.1, the first three differential pair wires
`(i.e. thefirst six copper wires, namely VL0+ andVL0-, VL1+
`and VL1-, and VL2+ and VL2-)are used to transmit uncom-
`pressed video stream data, i.e. for the video links. Three
`differential pairs are assigned for video data, because the
`video links require a large bandwidth. The fourth differential
`pair wire, namely HL+ and HL-, is used for the hybrid link,
`hrough which all user data (including but not limited to
`Ethernet data, USB data, forward audio data, backward audio
`data, and control data) are transmitted.
`Becausein the illustrated embodiment DiiVA transmitsall
`data (including but not limited to all video data and userdata)
`with only four twisted pair wires, DiiVA needs only eight
`connector pins. By using a single cheap andreadily available
`commercial cable (CAT6, as one example), containing only
`four differential pair wires, to transmit data, cost effectiveness
`is significantly increased.
`While traditional 48 V powerdelivery uses a transformer
`for inductance coupling, high speedsignals such as the multi-
`Gpbs signals supported by DiiVA cannot go through a trans-
`former. In the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 1, double AC
`coupling is used to deliver power over DiiVA,instead ofusing
`inductance coupling to couple the incoming signal.
`In the illustrated embodiment, a first differential pair
`(VL0+, VLO-) of the serial link connection is doubly AC
`coupled usinga first HPF (high pass filter) on one side and a
`second HPF onthe other. Examples of HPFs are indicated
`with reference numeral 110. For clarity, not all the HPFs are
`labeled with reference numerals. A part ofthefirst differential
`pair betweenthefirst and the second HPFs are connectedto a
`DC voltage source on oneside through a first LPF (Low Pass
`Filter), and to a load on the otherside through a second LPF.
`In the illustrated embodiment, a second differential pair of
`the serial link connection is doubly AC coupled with a third
`HPFon oneside and a fourth HPF onthe other. A part of the
`In overview, the downstream PODcircuit 401 includes: a
`voltage source 410 configured to generate a voltage (or
`second differential pair betweenthethird andthe fourth HPFs
`equivalently, electric power); a powerrelay switch 420 con-
`are connectedto a ground (shownin FIG. 1 as GND 1) on one
`figured to relay, when closed, the voltage generated by the
`side through the third LPF and to another ground (shown in
`voltage source 410 to one or moreofthe connected devices; a
`FIG. 1 as GND 2) onthe other side through the fourth LPF.
`signature resistor 430 connected to the switch 420 and con-
`The DC voltage source supplies a desired amountofcurrent.
`figured for power source detection from one or more of the
`The notationVD0, VD1, VD2, VD3 shownin FIG.1 stands
`or voltage level, downstream port, for the corresponding
`connected devices; and a load detector 450 connectedto the
`switch 420 and configured to read a load current flowing
`differential pairs; the notation VU0, VU1, VU2, and VU3
`therethrough so as to detect a load in one of the connected
`shown in FIG. 1 stands for voltage level, upstream port, for
`he corresponding differential pairs.
`devices, and to extract
`information about the connected
`device based on the load current. A controller (not shown)
`Whenboth sides of a differential pair wire is doubly AC
`controls the opening and closing of the power relay switch
`coupled, as illustrated in FIG. 1 and described above, the
`420. The upstream PODcircuit 402 includes the samecircuit
`medium in-betweenis ina DCfloating state. In the illustrated
`components arranged in a symmetrically opposite configura-
`embodiment,ferrite beads, shown as rectangular elements in
`tion.
`FIG. 1, may be used to perform biasing. In this way, DC
`The information extracted by the load detector 450 may
`components of the power may be delivered without undesir-
`include withoutlimitation:information regardingthe identity
`ably affecting the main high speed signal. Some examples of
`he ferrite beads are indicated in FIG. 1 with reference
`of the connected device; information regarding whether the
`connected device is powered on or poweredoff; and whether
`numeral 120. For clarity, notall the ferrite beads are labeled
`with reference numerals.
`or not the connected device needs a supply ofpower. The load
`detector may also detect removal of one of the plurality of
`FIG. 2 illustrates the network topology for a powerrail
`assigned to a DiiVA source device, in accordance with one
`devices from the network, and/or connection of a new device
`to the network.
`embodimentof the present disclosure. FIG.3 illustrates the
`Whena load (typically one or more loadresistors) is con-
`network topology for a powerrail assigned to a DiiVA sink
`nected to the POD circuit 401 or 402, the POD load detector
`device, in accordance with one embodiment of the present
`
`disclosure. FIGS. 2 and3illustrate the same topology, with 450 detects currentflow therethrough, to determine whether a
`only the direction reversed.
`device is connected, and ifso, to obtain information about the
`connected device based on the load resistor value. For
`The powerrail shown as PRO in FIG. 2 correspondsto the
`differential pairs denoted VL0 and VL1in FIG. 1. The power
`example, the POD load detector 450 may receive information
`rail shown as PR1 in FIG. 3 corresponds to the differential
`from a connected device indicating that the deviceis self-
`pairs denoted VL2 and HLin FIG. 1. In FIGS. 2 and 3, power
`powered, and thus does not need to be supplied with power.
`is delivered through the upper differential pair in the power
`Alternatively, the POD load detector 450 may receive infor-
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`US 8,680,712 B2
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`5
`mation from a connected device indicating that the device
`needs to be supplied with power.
`The PODcircuit illustrated in FIG. 4can perform a number
`of functions, including but not limited to: detecting power
`source from a neighboring device; detecting POD load in a
`neighboring device; detecting removal of a device and/or
`connection of a new device; detecting a hot plug; detecting a
`PODclient device; detecting power-onor power-offstate ofa
`connected device; and relaying POD power, ie. relaying
`POD current from one side to the other.
`FIG. 5 provides a schematic overview of a DiiVA control
`protocol, through which a source device 505 and a sink device
`(or display device) 506 can exchange command packets can
`be exchanged through a commandsub-channelof a bi-direc-
`ional hybrid link 534, in accordance with one embodimentof
`he present disclosure. As seen in FIG. 5, video data are
`ransmitted in one direction only,
`i.e. downstream from a
`downstream port 510 in the source device 505 to an upstream
`port 515 in the sink device 506, through a video link 532.
`Data packets are exchanged betweenthe source device 505
`and the sink device 506 in both directions through the bi-
`directional hybrid link 534. The hybrid link 534 thus allows
`high bandwidth bi-directionaldata to be transmitted between
`he source device 505 and the sink device 506 which are
`connected through a daisy chain. The hybrid link 534 carries
`data for a number of interfaces in a packetized manner,
`including without
`limitation: Forward Audio, Backward
`
`Audio, USB Data, Ethernet Data, and Command Channel.
`The video link 532 is a point to point interface. In some
`embodiments, the video link 532 carries uncompressed high
`definition video data, although it is not limited to carrying
`only uncompressed video data. The video data is carried over
`one or more lanes. In DiiVA, there may be 1, 2 or 3 lanes of
`data. The clock to operate the video link is embeddedin the
`video data from the transmitter.While a uni-directional video
`link is shown in FIG. 5, other embodiments of the present
`disclosure may use bi-directional video links.
`FIG.6 illustrates a physical layer view 610 anda link layer
`view 620, respectively, of one embodimentof an activation
`sequencein a daisy chain connection of devices including: an
`active source device $4, POD clients $1, $2, $3, and a POD
`serveror sink device, which in the illustrate embodimentis a
`TV.
`The physical layer is responsible for physically transmit-
`ting andreceiving the actual data over the medium.In one or
`more embodiments, the mediumis industry standard Cat-6
`cabling, although different types of medium can be used in
`other embodiments ofthe present disclosure. Thedata stream
`in the physical layer can be encodedin 8b-10b format.
`The link layer is responsible for prioritizing and packetiz-
`ing all forms of data and sending it to the physical layer for
`transmission. The incoming data from the physical layeris
`de-packetized and forwarded to appropriate circuits for fur-
`ther processing.
`The devices in the daisy chain can operate in an active
`mode, a POD mode,or an off mode.In the active mode, the
`device is fully turned on,i.e. locally powered and fully func-
`tional. In this mode, all video and hybrid link data are pro-
`cessed on chip using local power.
`In the POD mode the video and hybrid link data is pro-
`cessed andserviced bythe device. In this mode, the transmit-
`ter is able to communicate with the receiver in entirety
`through the POD modedevice. In the off mode, the IC and all
`of the circuits are turned off. No communication takes place.
`Inone embodiment, each device inthe daisy chain supports
`a ping pong protocol, through which the device transmits
`back the data it received, and reverses the direction of the
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`hybrid link, which is half-duplex. Every device connected
`through DiiVA supports this ping-pong protocol.
`In some embodiments, the hybrid link is a point to point
`half duplexinterface, and is designed as a ping-pongor token
`passing interface. In a ping-pong interface, one device sends
`amessageand then waits for a return message (or an acknowl-
`edgementoran idle packet), before sending another message.
`This operation can be summarized as follows: device A has
`the right to send and sends a packet; device B receives a
`packet; device B checks for correctness (nolink errors); and
`device B acknowledges the packet.
`In one embodiment, power delivery over DiiVA is per-
`formed for a system that includes a source device, a sink
`device, and at least one client device connected between the
`source device and the sink device, all devices connected to
`each other through a daisy chain. The source device is con-
`figured to generate and transmit digital video data. The sink
`device is configuredto receive the digital video data from the
`source device through a video link, and to exchange user data
`with the source device through a bi-directional hybrid link. In
`this embodiment, the sink device, when powered on, supplies
`power to the client device at a level sufficient to allow the
`client device to enter a mode in which user data can flow
`through the client device. The sink device supplies power to
`the source device through the client device so as to permit the
`source device to be powered on.
`FIG.7 schematically illustrates an example ofpowerdeliv-
`ery over DiiVA ina simple daisy chain configuration includ-
`ing one source device (in the example shown in FIG. 7,a DVD
`player), one PODclient (in the example shownin FIG.7, a
`set-up box), and one sink device (in the example shown in
`FIG. 7, a TV). In the illustrated embodiment, the TV first
`sends power to the devices on the daisy chain. All source
`devices not locally powered(i.e. ‘turned on’) receive power
`from the TVover the DiiVA cable. The TVis POD server and
`the source devices notlocally powered are POD clients. The
`client(s), in POD mode, operates the hybrid link in normal
`mode. All the devices discover each other through a hybrid
`link control protocol. The TV sends a commandto the DVD
`player (source device) to turn itself on. The DVD player turns
`itself on, leaving the POD client mode, and sends video
`signals to the TV.
`In sum, methods and systems have been described for
`delivering power over DiiVA. The components, steps, fea-
`tures, objects, benefits and advantages that have been dis-
`cussed are merely illustrative. None of them, nor the discus-
`sions relating to them, are intended to limit the scope of
`protection in any way. While certain embodiments have been
`described of systems and methodsrelating to power delivery
`over DiiVA,it is to be understoodthat the concepts implicit in
`these embodiments may be used in other embodiments as
`well. Numerous other embodiments are also contemplated,
`including embodiments that have fewer, additional, and/or
`different components, steps, features, objects, benefits and
`advantages. The components and steps mayalso be arranged
`and ordered differently. Nothing that has been stated orillus-
`trated is intended to cause a dedication of any component,
`step, feature, object, benefit, advantage, or equivalent to the
`public.
`In the present disclosure, reference to an element in the
`singular is not intended to mean “one and only one”unless
`specifically so stated, but rather “one or more.” All structural
`and functional equivalents to the elements of the various
`embodiments described throughoutthis disclosure, known or
`later come to be knownto those of ordinary skill in the art, are
`expressly incorporated herein byreference.
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`US 8,680,712 B2
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`7
`
`Whatis claimedis:
`1. A powerdelivery circuit configured to deliver powerto
`one or moreofa plurality of devices connected in a network,
`the powerdelivery circuit comprising:
`a voltage source configured to generate a voltage;
`a powerrelay switch configured to relay, whenclosed, the
`voltage generated by the voltage source to one or more
`of the connected devices;
`a signature resistor connectedto the switch and configured
`to detect a power source from one or moreof the con-
`nected devices; and
`a load detector connected to the switch and configured to
`read a load current flowing therethrough so as to detect a
`load in one of the connected devices, and to extract
`information about the connected device based on the
`load current;
`wherein the information extracted by the load detector
`comprises information regarding whether the connected
`device is powered on or powered off, and whetheror not
`the connected device needs a supply of power.
`2. The powerdelivery circuit ofclaim 1, further comprising
`a controller that controls opening and closing of the power
`relay switch.
`3. The powerdelivery circuit of claim 1, wherein the plu-
`rality of devices are connected to each other through a daisy
`chain, and wherein the power delivery circuit is included
`within each one of the devicesin the daisy chain.
`4. The power deliverycircuit of claim 1, wherein the infor-
`mation extracted by the load detector further comprises infor-
`mation regarding the identity of the connected device.
`
`8
`5, The powerdelivery circuit of claim 1, wherein the load
`detectoris further configured to detect removal of one ofthe
`plurality of devices from the network.
`6. The powerdelivery circuit of claim 1, wherein the load
`detector is further configured to detect connection of a new
`device to the network.
`
`7. A method ofdelivering power to one of a plurality of
`devices connected in a daisy chain, the method comprising:
`detecting a load ina first device of the plurality of devices
`including detecting a load current flowing through the
`load;
`extracting information from the first device based on the
`detected load current; and
`relaying power to thefirst device based on the extracted
`information;
`wherein the information extracted comprises information
`regarding whetherthe first device is poweredon or pow-
`ered off, and whether or not the fir