IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`ROCKET MEDIA, LLC (D/B/A LAUNCH LABS)
`Petitioner
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`v.
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`FULLTHROTTLE TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
`Patent Owner
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`Case Nos. 2025-00148, 2025-00149
`
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947, 11,823,219
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DECLARATION OF DAVID HILLIARD WILLIAMS IN SUPPORT OF
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW OF U.S. PATENT NOS.
`11,556,947 AND 11,823,219
`
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`- i -
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 1
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`

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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`Table of Contents
`
`EXHIBIT LIST .......................................................................................................... v
`I.
`Introduction ....................................................................................................12
`II.
`Qualifications .................................................................................................15
`III.
`Legal Understanding ......................................................................................28
`A. My Understanding of Claim Construction ..........................................28
`B. My Understanding of Obviousness .....................................................29
`C.
`Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art .......................................................31
`IV. Background of the Technology .....................................................................32
`A.
`The Use of Internet Browsers Was Known Well Over Two Decades
`Before the Assumed Priority Date ......................................................33
`History of Browser-Based Personal Data Collection and Use of
`Cookies and Other Tracking Mechanisms ..........................................35
`Anonymizing User Personal Data Tracking .......................................42
`History of Location Determination .....................................................43
`1.
`History of Location Determination in Fixed Location
`Computers .................................................................................43
`History of Location Determination in Mobile Devices ............48
`2.
`Location or Map APIs ...............................................................52
`3.
`History of the Use of Unique Identifiers in Computing and
`Communications ..................................................................................53
`History of Usage of Location and Integration with Internet Browsers
`and Other Applications Using APIs ....................................................59
`The ʼ947 Patent ..............................................................................................66
`A.
`Overview of the ʼ947 Patent ................................................................66
`B.
`Prosecution History of the ʼ947 Patent ...............................................70
`The ʼ219 Patent ..............................................................................................70
`A.
`Overview of the ʼ219 Patent ................................................................70
`B.
`Prosecution History of the ʼ219 Patent ...............................................75
`VII. Claim Construction ........................................................................................75
`VIII. Grounds of Unpatentability of the ʼ947 Patent (’947 Grounds) ....................77
`
`B.
`
`C.
`D.
`
`E.
`
`F.
`
`V.
`
`VI.
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 2
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`E.
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`A. Overview of Doughty ..........................................................................78
`B.
`Overview of Van Boucq ......................................................................79
`C. Motivation to Combine Doughty and Van Boucq ..............................80
`ʼ947 Ground 1: The Combination of Doughty and Van Boucq
`D.
`Discloses or Suggests Every Feature of Claims 1-20. ........................82
`1.
`Overview ...................................................................................82
`’947 Ground 2: The Combination of Doughty with Van Boucq and
`Maginnis Discloses or Suggests Every Feature of Claims 1-20. ......120
`1.
`Overview of Maginnis ............................................................121
`2. Motivation to Combine Doughty and Van Boucq with Maginnis
` .................................................................................................122
`1[h]: “identifying a physical address for the user based on the
`determined latitude coordinate and the determined longitude
`coordinate using a map application programming interface
`(API);” .....................................................................................125
`Secondary Considerations .................................................................126
`F.
`IX. Grounds of Unpatentability of the ʼ219 Patent (’219 Grounds) ..................126
`A. Overview of Doughty ........................................................................127
`B.
`Overview of Van Boucq ....................................................................127
`C.
`Overview of Smith ............................................................................127
`D. Motivation to Combine Doughty and Van Boucq with Smith .........128
`’219 Ground 1: The Combination of Doughty with Van Boucq and
`E.
`Smith Discloses or Suggests Every Feature of Claims 1-36. ............133
`1.
`Overview .................................................................................133
`219 Ground 2: The Combination of Doughty Over Van Boucq, Smith,
`and Maginnis Discloses or Suggests Every Feature of Claims 1-36.
` ...........................................................................................................160
`1.
`Overview of Maginnis ............................................................161
`2. Motivation to Combine Doughty, Van Boucq, and Smith with
`Maginnis ..................................................................................161
`1[e]: “identifying a physical address for the user based on the
`determined latitude coordinate and the determined longitude
`
`F.
`
`3.
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`3.
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 3
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`
`coordinate using a map application programming interface
`(API);” .....................................................................................164
`Secondary Considerations .................................................................165
`G.
`Conclusion ...................................................................................................165
`
`
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`X.
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 4
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`EXHIBIT LIST
`
`Exhibit No.
`1001
`
`Document
`U.S. Patent No. 11,556,947 (“the ’947 patent”)
`
`1002
`
`1003
`
`1004
`
`1005
`
`1006
`
`1007
`
`1008
`
`1009
`
`1010
`
`1011
`
`1012
`
`1013
`
`1014
`
`1015
`
`File History of the ’947 patent
`
`U.S. Patent No. 11,823,219 (“the ’219 patent”)
`
`File History of the ’219 patent
`
`U.S. Patent No. 12,051,083 (“the ’083 patent”)
`
`File History of the ’083 patent
`
`Declaration of Mr. David Williams
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,898,074 to Doughty et al. (“Doughty”)
`
`European Patent Pub. No. 2,938,045 to Van Boucq (“Van Boucq”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 10,311,465 to Maginnis (“Maginnis”)
`
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`Bujlow et al., July 28, 2015 (“Bujlow”)
`
`RFC 2109: HTTP State Management Mechanism, February 1997
`(“RFC 2109”)
`
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`Shankland, September 15, 2017
`
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`
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`
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`
`
`- v -
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 5
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`

`

`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`Exhibit No.
`1017
`
`Document
`RFC 2782: A DNS RR for specifying the location of services
`(DNS SRV), February 2000
`
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`
`1019
`
`1020
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 6
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`

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`Exhibit No.
`1026
`
`1027
`
`1028
`
`1029
`
`1030
`
`1031
`
`1032
`
`1033
`
`1034
`
`1035
`
`1036
`
`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`Document
`
`Fullthrottle Technologies, LLC v. Rocket Media, LLC (d/b/a
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`
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`(Mar. 31, 2022), available at
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`
`Fullthrottle Technologies, LLC v. Rocket Media, LLC (d/b/a
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`November 7, 2024.
`
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`
`Fullthrottle Technologies, LLC v. Rocket Media, LLC (d/b/a
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`
`Fullthrottle Technologies, LLC v. Rocket Media, LLC (d/b/a
`Launch Labs), No. 1:24-cv-00314 (M.D.N.C.), Dkt. 28
`(“Opposition”)
`
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`
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`
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`- vii -
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 7
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`Exhibit No.
`1037
`
`1038
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`1039
`
`1040
`
`1041
`
`1042
`
`1043
`
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`Document
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`(last visited Oct. 24, 2024).
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`
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 8
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`

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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`Exhibit No.
`1045
`
`Document
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`1996), Financial Times (London), by T. Jackson, available at
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`
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`
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`vs. persistent)? (July 17, 2018), available at
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`
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`
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 9
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`

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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`Exhibit No.
`
`Document
`https://www.cbsnews.com/news/google-third-party-cookies-
`chrome/ (last visited Nov. 6, 2024).
`
`1054
`
`1055
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 10
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`

`

`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`Exhibit No.
`1062
`
`Document
`Robert Sheldon, session ID, available at
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`on-ID (last visited Nov. 6, 2024).
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`instance/?orgRef=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%2
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`
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`

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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`
`I, David Hilliard Williams, declare as follows:
`
`I.
`
`Introduction
`1.
`I have been retained on behalf of Rocket Media, LLC (d/b/a Launch
`
`Labs) (“Launch Labs”) for the above-captioned petitions for inter partes review
`
`(“IPR”). I am being compensated for my time in connection with these IPRs at my
`
`standard hourly consulting rate. My compensation is in no way dependent upon my
`
`testimony or the outcome of either of the IPRs.
`
`2.
`
`I understand that these IPRs involve two related patents: U.S. Patent
`
`Nos. 11,556,947 (“the ʼ947 patent”) and 11,823,219 (“the ʼ219 patent”)
`
`(collectively, the “Challenged Patents”). The Challenged Patents are both titled
`
`“Location Determination Using Anonymous Browser Data.” The named inventors
`
`of the ʼ947 patent are Amol Waishambayan, Pat O’Flaherty, and Alexey Yakovlev.
`
`The ʼ219 patent lists the same inventors as the ʼ947 patent, but also add Louis David
`
`DiGiacomo as a named inventor. Both patents are assigned to Patent Owner
`
`FullThrottle Technologies, LLC.
`
`3.
`
`I have reviewed and am familiar with the specification of the
`
`Challenged Patents, both of which have substantially the same specification. I
`
`understand that the Challenged Patents have been provided as follows:
`
`a. ʼ947 patent (Ex. 1001);
`
`b. ʼ219 patent (Ex. 1003).
`
`
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 12
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`

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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`I will cite to the Challenged Patents using the following format: Ex.
`
`4.
`
`1001, ʼ947 patent, 1:1-10. This example citation points to the ʼ947 patent
`
`specification at column 1, lines 1-10.
`
`5.
`
`I have reviewed and am familiar with the file histories of the
`
`Challenged Patents. I understand that the file histories have been provided as
`
`follows:
`
`a. ʼ947 patent file history (Ex. 1002);
`
`b. ʼ219 patent file history (Ex. 1004).
`
`6.
`
`I understand that the Challenged Patents have the following filing dates:
`
`a. ʼ947 patent – March 7, 2022;
`
`b. ʼ219 patent – November 10, 2022.
`
`7.
`
`I understand that these two patents claim priority back to the same
`
`provisional application, filed on June 8, 2021. I have not been asked to consider the
`
`proper priority date for the patents, but I understand that the earliest possible priority
`
`date that can be afforded to the claims in the Challenged Patents is the date of this
`
`provisional application, June 8, 2021. For the purposes of this declaration, I will
`
`assume that the claims in the Challenged Patents are entitled to the priority date of
`
`the provisional application. My analysis would not change if any claim is found not
`
`to be entitled to the date of the provisional application.
`
`
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`Launch Labs EX 1007 Page 13
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`

`

`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`In preparing this declaration, I have also reviewed and am familiar with
`
`8.
`
`the following prior art used in the Petition for Inter Partes Review of the ʼ947 patent
`
`and/or in my declaration below:
`
`a.
`
`b.
`
`c.
`
`d.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,898,074 to Doughty et al. (“Doughty”)
`(Ex. 1008);
`
`European Patent Pub. No. 2,938,045 to Van Boucq (“Van
`Boucq”) (Ex. 1009);
`
`U.S. Patent No. 10,311,465 to Maginnis (“Maginnis”) (Ex.
`1010); and
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,682,714 to Smith et al. (“Smith”) (Ex. 1032).
`
`I have been asked to provide my technical review, analysis, insights,
`
`
`
`
`
`
`9.
`
`and opinions regarding the Challenged Patents and the above-noted references that
`
`form the basis for the grounds of rejection set forth in the Petitions for Inter Partes
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`Review of the Challenged Patents.
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`
`II. Qualifications
`10.
`In formulating my opinions, I have relied upon my training,
`
`knowledge, and experience in the relevant art. A copy of my current curriculum
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`vitae is provided as Exhibit 1 to this declaration, and it provides a comprehensive
`
`description of my academic and employment history over the last thirty-plus years.
`
`11.
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`I am President and Founder of E911-LBS Consulting, which was
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`founded in 2002. My firm provides consulting, research, forensics, and litigation
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`support services in the fields of telecommunications, mobile, location-based
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`services, and Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies application, device,
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`infrastructure, and network design and implementation.
`
`12. Prior to founding my company in 2002, I spent fifteen years as a
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`senior technology design and implementation consultant for world-leading
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`technology consulting firms Accenture, Booz Allen & Hamilton, and Deloitte
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`Consulting. I started my career in 1983 as an electrical design engineer for Hughes
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`Aircraft Company’s Radar Systems Group, working on that system’s analog
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`signal-to-digital converter and control unit for the F-15 fighter jet radar system and
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`associated capabilities including target identification, tracking and targeting, as
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`well as communications with other aircraft, ground control, aircraft carriers,
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`navigation beacons, etc. My relevant experience for this matter utilizes experience
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`and expertise gained across this timeframe.
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`
`I obtained a BS in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University in
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`13.
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`1983, with an emphasis on Digital System Design, graduating with top honors
`
`including the National Engineering Honor Society and National Electrical
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`Engineering Honor Society. In 1987, I also obtained an MBA, focusing on
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`Information Systems Management, from the University of Texas at Austin,
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`graduating first in my class.
`
`14. The fields of the Challenged Patents are described in their
`
`specifications as follows:
`
` G06Q 30/0205 - INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
`TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR
`ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL,
`MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR
`METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE,
`COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR
`SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED
`FOR
`o Location or geographical consideration
` G06F 16/955 - ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
`(computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
`o using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators
`[URL]
`
` H04L 63/0421 - TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL
`INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
`(arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic
`communication H04M)
`
`
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`o Anonymous communication, i.e. the party’s identifiers are
`hidden from the other party or parties, e.g. using an
`anonymizer
`
` H04L 67/52 - TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION,
`e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common
`to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
`o specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
`15. These fields, as well the specific subject matter covered/utilized by the
`
`patent claims, in turn include/encompass the below technical topics/disciplines, each
`
`of which I explore in more detail in the Background of the Technology Section:
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Internet Browsers;
`
`Cookies;
`
`Location Services;
`
`Identifiers; and
`
`
`Anonymity Techniques.
`I have over thirty years of experience related to wireless location
`
`16.
`
`services, including experience designing, implementing, and managing numerous
`
`location-based service (“LBS”) applications, such as navigation, mobile social
`
`networking, family tracking, and worker and asset tracking management, as well as
`
`working in all fields within the location services ecosystem including all forms of
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`location determination technologies, map data, handset technologies, user interfaces,
`
`and associated
`
`Information Technology systems
`
`including
`
`identification,
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`authentication, privacy, security, and other related capabilities such as network
`
`engineering and operations.
`
`17.
`
`I am currently the President of the company E911-LBS Consulting, and
`
`I have been with the company since 2002, as well President of E911-LBS Forensics
`
`Engineering, a criminal and civil forensics engineering firm. As the President of
`
`E911-LBS Consulting, I provide services across the entire wireless value chain,
`
`particularly with respect to technology and business strategic planning and product
`
`design and development associated with LBS, Global Positioning Satellite (GPS)
`
`systems, E911, WiFi-Based and other medium/long-range Real-Time Location
`
`Systems (RTLS), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Bluetooth, Near Field
`
`Communications
`
`(NFC),
`
`and
`
`beacon-based
`
`and
`
`other
`
`short-range
`
`communications/location systems, and other location determination and sensing
`
`technologies and services.
`
`18.
`
`I have extensive expertise in all aspects of product and service delivery
`
`across the wireless location ecosystem including enabling network, map data,
`
`geospatial platform, chipset, data management, device, user interface, and location
`
`determination infrastructure and integration providers. I am an expert in all related
`
`aspects of mobile location services, including use of various communications
`
`networks and associated frequencies and protocols involved in the creation,
`
`processing, and delivery of information, and key associated enablers of such device
`
`
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`hardware and software design, use/deployment of sensors, local and centralized
`
`control systems, and underlying communications and computing architectures.
`
`19. For example, in the 1983 to 1985 timeframe, I was a Microprocessor
`
`system design engineer on the digitization project of the F-15 fighter jet radar
`
`system. Specifically, I designed a system for converting analog signals (radar pings,
`
`sensor measurements, etc.) to digital form, and for feeding the converted signals to
`
`various parties and localized and centralized control subsystems, including pilots,
`
`carriers, and ground control stations. The converted signals corresponded to data
`
`relating to navigational and directional information, aircraft status, the location of
`
`other aircraft/targets relative to the pilot’s position, and associated images.
`
`20.
`
`In the 1987 to 1995 timeframe, as a senior consultant/manager for
`
`Deloitte Consulting and Booz Allen & Hamilton, I designed and deployed a variety
`
`of computer centers and communications networks supporting industries including
`
`hospitality/retail, transportation, and financial services.
`
`21.
`
`In the 1995 to 2000 timeframe, as an Associate Partner in the
`
`Communications & High Technology Practice of Accenture (one of the world’s
`
`leading technology companies), I focused on using wireless location technologies to
`
`provide services to the public sector and commercial markets. From 1998 to 2000, I
`
`led the development of the LBS product/technology strategy and roadmap for Nextel
`
`Communications, Inc. (later acquired by Sprint, and now part of T-Mobile). My
`
`
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`work with Nextel resulted in some of the earliest LBS applications in the U.S. market
`
`and included extensive research into the potential use of various technologies in
`
`providing and enabling a wide array of location-based services. Many of the Nextel
`
`products selected for development and implementation included various forms of
`
`worker and asset tracking that matched—based on their location—workers with
`
`other workers, or workers with assets (e.g., field equipment, vehicles, etc.), tracked
`
`worker/asset locations on a map, and provided navigation directions from one point
`
`to another. My work developing the product concept and initial requirements sets
`
`heavily emphasized the tracking and alert capabilities for those applications. My
`
`work also included leading the development of the underlying network and
`
`Information Technology architectures that would be required to support the LBS
`
`applications product strategy and roadmap, including the future incorporation of
`
`other capabilities including Wi-Fi.
`
`22. From 2000 to 2002, still as an Associate Partner at Accenture, I helped
`
`lead the business and technical development of several “dot-com” startups. Several
`
`of these startups heavily relied on the internet and internet browser capabilities as
`
`core parts of their technical and business platforms, including using the use of
`
`cookies for various purposes, particularly user-specific/personal data collection. In
`
`addition, my work
`
`included assisting
`
`several of
`
`these
`
`startups
`
`in
`
`developing/implementing their marketing/advertising campaigns (often a critical
`
`
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
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`component of the success of a dot-com startup), from macro techniques (e.g., mass
`
`marketing) to micro techniques (targeted at particular demographics or even
`
`individuals).
`
`23.
`
`In 2003 and 2004, I led the development of part of AT&T Wireless’s
`
`E911 infrastructure, including the development of systems, processes, and reporting
`
`infrastructure to manage and track the deployment of time difference of arrival-
`
`based location determination technologies. I managed the testing and Federal
`
`Communications Commission reporting of network location inaccuracies, with a
`
`particular focus on detecting and troubleshooting out-of-norm
`
`technology
`
`deployment and inaccurate location conditions. This work also generated the
`
`accuracy data associated with determining the location of a portable electronic
`
`device that could then be used as supplemental information (e.g., how accurate the
`
`location was) to location-based applications, such as asset tracking, navigation, POI
`
`information, or people-finding services.
`
`24. From 2005 to 2007, I worked with NAVTEQ (now called HERE)—the
`
`leading provider of map data and services essential to creating LBS applications—
`
`to develop the company’s web developer website content and tools. Specifically, I
`
`designed and managed the site map and overall content, including the development
`
`of comprehensive technical and business web content for all NAVTEQ map product
`
`and service lines. Through the developer site, application developers and business
`
`
`
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`IPR2025-00148; IPR2025-00149
`U.S. Patent Nos. 11,556,947 and 11,823,219
`
`managers became intimately familiar with map data, G