(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(19) World Intellectual Property Organization
`International Bureau
`
`( 43) International Publication Date
`4 September 2008 (04.09.2008)
`
`(51) International Patent Classification:
`B32B 27132 (2006.01)
`
`PCT
`
`(21) International Application Number:
`PCT /EP2008/001520
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`26 February 2008 (26.02.2008)
`
`(25) Filing Language:
`
`(26) Publication Language:
`
`English
`
`English
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`07003900.3
`
`26 February 2007 (26.02.2007) EP
`
`(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): BORE(cid:173)
`ALIS TECHNOLOGY OY [Fl/Fl]; P.O. Box 330, FlN-
`06201 Porvoo (Fl).
`
`(72) Inventor; and
`(75) Inventor/Applicant (for US only): DASGUPTA, Chan(cid:173)
`chal [IN/lN]; Borouge Pvt Ltd, 301 VIP Plaza, Off New
`Link Road, Andheri (West), Mumbai 400101 (IN).
`
`1111111111111111 IIIIII IIIII 11111111111111111111 IIIII 11111111111111111111111111111111111 IIII IIII
`
`(10) International Publication Number
`WO 2008/104371 A2
`(81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every
`kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM,
`AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA,
`CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE,
`EG, ES, Fl, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID,
`IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC,
`LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN,
`MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH,
`PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, SV,
`SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN,
`ZA, ZM,ZW.
`
`(84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every
`kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH,
`GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM,
`ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM),
`European (AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, Fl,
`FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, MT, NL,
`NO, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG,
`CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`(74) Agent: HAMMER, Jens; Griinecker, Kindeldey, Stock(cid:173)
`mair & Schwanhausser, Maximilianstrasse 58, 80538
`Miinchen (DE).
`
`Published:
`without international search report and to be republished
`upon receipt of that report
`
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`g (54) Title: LAMINATED MULTILAYER FILMS
`M 0 (57) Abstract: The present invention provides laminated multilayer films comprising a multilayer film laminate on a substrate,
`
`: , wherein said multilayer film laminate comprises a multimodal polyethylene (PE) composition. The invention is further directed to
`~ a process for producing such laminated multilayer films as well as to articles comprising said laminated multilayer films.
`
`ClearCorrect Exhibit 1041, Page 1 of 44
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`PCT/EP2008/001520
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`1
`
`Laminated multilayer films
`
`This invention relates to laminated multilayer films comprising a multilayer film laminate
`on a substrate, wherein said multilayer film
`laminate comprises a multimodal
`polyethylene (PE) composition. The invention is further directed to a process for
`producing such laminated multilayer films as well as to articles comprising said
`laminated multilayer films.
`
`Background art
`
`Multimodal polyethylene polymers are feasibly processable due to broadened molecular
`weight distribution. Therefore multimodal PE is a desirable material for many end
`applications including film applications. Unfortunately, the increase in molecular weight
`and broadening of molecular weight distribution in order to improve the processability
`have an adverse effect on optical properties, which is a drawback e.g. in film applications
`of multimodal PE polymers. The resulting films are normally hazy and have impaired
`see-through clarity.
`
`PE produced by low-pressure polymerization using metallocene catalysts (mPE) has
`improved optical properties compared to PE produced in low-pressure polymerization
`using a Ziegler Natta catalyst (znPE).
`
`In high transparent film applications znPE, and often also mPE, is typically blended with
`a low-density polyethylene (LOPE) produced by high-pressure polymerization (HP) and
`known to provide good optical properties to the final films.
`
`Also the increase of polymer density normally has an adverse effect on the optical
`properties. Therefore, znPE or mPE materials that are used in the above-mentioned high
`transparent blends, have conventionally been linear low-density znPE and mPE
`materials (znLLDPE and mLLDPE). Unfortunately, the decrease in density in turn can
`compromise the mechanical properties of the final film. One solution to improve the
`mechanical properties is to use multilayer films with differing layer materials. In such
`
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`multilayer film applications, transparency is conventionally achieved by using transparent
`film layers, e.g. above mentioned blends with LLDPE and LOPE.
`
`Also in the field of film lamination, transparent laminated films have conventionally been
`produced by
`laminating
`transparent mono- or multilayered film
`laminates on a
`transparent substrate. Thus in transparent multilayer film laminates both the film
`laminate and the substrate have typically a high clarity (low haze) already before
`lamination.
`
`It is a continuous need for further polymer material combinations for laminated films,
`particularly for film laminates, that are more suitable or tailored for varying end
`applications to meet the increasing demands of film producers and/or end users.
`
`The summary of the Invention
`
`It is an object of the present invention to provide a further laminated multilayer film with
`an alternative film layer combination with advantageous optical properties.
`
`It is another object of the present invention to provide an alternative multilayer film
`laminate for laminated multilayer films. The multilayer film laminate of the invention
`broadens the window of usable layer solutions in the field of laminated film applications,
`particularly in transparent laminated multilayer film applications.
`
`Furthermore the invention provides a process for producing laminated multilayer films.
`Also articles comprising said laminated multilayer films and the preparation process
`thereof are provided.
`
`In particular the present invention provides the subject-matter as defined in claims 1 to
`26 and the further preferred embodiments as defined in the following specification.
`
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`3
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`Description of invention
`
`The inventor has surprisingly found that when a matt surface of a film laminate is
`laminated on a substrate, the matt property of that layer unexpectedly has no effect on
`the overall optical properties of the resulting laminated multilayer film. Accordingly, it was
`found that a multilayer film laminate, wherein a layer side which is laminated to a
`substrate, i.e. the lamination side, has a matt surface, provides a final laminated
`multilayer film with excellent overall transparency.
`
`The above effect achieved with the present film laminate with hazy lamination side, i.e.
`no adverse effect on optical properties of the final laminated film, is surprising in view of
`the prior art practice.
`
`Furthermore, the matt film layer of the multilayer film laminate of the invention may
`preferably also contribute beneficially to the mechanical properties of the final laminated
`multilayer film of the invention, as described later below.
`
`The matt surface property of the film laminate of the invention can be defined by two
`alternative ways, i.e. by end property of said matt layer or, respectively, by the
`compositional properties of the polymer of said matt layer. Both alternatives, i.e. both
`alternative
`technical
`features, define equally applicable product parameters
`for
`describing the present invention, which parameters are well known, generally accepted
`parameters.
`
`Thus according to the First alternative, the invention is directed to a laminated multilayer
`film which comprises a multilayer film laminate (i) and a substrate (ii), wherein the
`multilayer film laminate (i) comprises at least two layers, an inner layer (A) and an outer
`layer (C), characterized in that
`said inner layer (A) comprises a multimodal polyethylene composition having a
`-
`density of 940 kg/m 3 or less, molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of at least 8
`and a MFR2 of 0.01 to 20 g/1 0 min when determined according to ISO 1133 (at
`190 °C and 2.16 kg load), and in that
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`-
`
`said inner layer (A) of the multilayer film substrate (i) is in contact with a surface
`
`of the substrate (ii). Preferably, layer (A) and layer (C) comprise different polymer
`
`compositions.
`
`The end property of a matt surface can also be expressed e.g. as a high haze value
`determined according to ASTM D 1003 as defined below.
`
`According to the Second alternative, the invention is directed to a laminated multilayer
`film which comprises a multilayer film laminate (i) and a substrate (ii), wherein the
`multilayer film laminate (i) comprises at least two layers, an inner layer (A) and an outer
`layer (C), characterized in that
`said inner layer (A) comprises a polymer composition which, when produced to a
`-
`blown film consisting of said polymer composition and having a film thickness of
`40 µm, has a haze value of at least 30%, preferably at least 40%, as determined
`according to ASTM D 1003,
`
`-
`
`said inner layer (A) of the multilayer film laminate (i) is in contact with a surface of
`the substrate (ii). Preferably, layer (A) and layer (C) comprise different polymer
`compositions. The film sample of said polymer composition of layer (A) used for
`the haze measurement was prepared as described below under "Film Sample
`Preparation".
`
`Both alternatives independently define the laminated film of the invention. The unifying
`feature is layer (A) which in both alternative definitions provides a matt property to said
`layer and the unexpected effect discussed above.
`
`including preferable property definitions,
`invention
`The below description of the
`subgroups and embodiments apply independently for both definitions of the invention.
`Naturally, the first and second alternatives can be combined in any order to provide one
`of the two dependent on the other.
`
`The expressions "laminated multilayer film", "film laminate" and "substrate" are widely
`used and well known in the art and mean that a multilayer film laminate (i) and a
`substrate (ii) are formed independently in separate process step, an outer layer surface
`of the film laminate (i) and an outer layer surface of substrate (ii) are contacted together
`
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`and adhered thereon by any lamination techniques in a manner well known in the art,
`
`including, without limiting to, an adhesive lamination or a sandwich lamination. The
`
`sandwich lamination includes the option of using heat during a lamination step e.g.
`based on the melting or softening temperature of layer (A) or of a separately added melt
`web, such as EVA or LOPE melt web.
`
`Furthermore, the expression "said inner layer (A) of the multilayer film substrate (i) is in
`contact with a surface of the substrate (ii)" covers the option to use an adhesive or melt
`
`web between the layer (A) and the surface of said substrate (ii).
`
`The laminated multilayer film of the invention" is abbreviated herein as "Laminated Film".
`
`Preferably, the Laminated Film is according to the First alternative.
`
`The multimodal polyethylene composition present in layer (A) of said first Laminated Film
`alternative has preferably, when produced to a blown film consisting of said polymer
`composition and having a film thickness of 40 µm, a haze value of at least 30%,
`preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 50% as determined according to ASTM
`in
`the haze
`D 1003. The film sample of said polyethylene composition used
`measurement was prepared as described below under "Film Sample Preparation".
`
`The below detailed description of suitable film materials and any subgroups, preferred
`ranges and embodiments apply independently for both alternatives.
`
`Preferably, the lamination layer (A) has a haze value of at least 30%, preferably at least
`40%, in some embodiment even at least 50% may be preferred, when determined
`according to ASTM D 1003 using a blown film sample. The preferable layer thickness
`distribution (%) is defined in detail below under "Film properties". E.g. CIA-layer structure
`of film laminate (i) is typically of (10-90%)/(90-10%), preferably (20-80%) /(80-20%),
`more preferably (33-67%)/(67-33%) calculated from the final multilayer film laminate (i)
`thickness of 100%. Although herein a 40 µm film sample consisting of the polymer
`composition of layer (A) was used for the determination, however it is to be understood
`that the layer thickness is not limited thereto, but can be varied, preferably within the
`below given thickness distribution range.
`
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`In one preferable embodiment the polymer composition of layer (C) of the film laminate
`(i), when produced to a film consisting of said polymer composition and having a film
`thickness of 40 µm, has a haze value of 30% or less, more preferably 20% or less, when
`determined according to ASTM D 1003. In some end uses applications, such as in highly
`transparent Laminated Film applications, the polymer composition of layer (C) may have
`
`a haze value of even 15% or less when determined as described above. The film sample
`used for haze determination was a blown Film Sample of film laminate (i) prepared is
`
`described under "Film Sample Preparation".
`
`In the above embodiment, wherein layer (C) of the multilayered film laminate (i) has a
`transparent surface expressed as lower haze value as defined above and layer (A) has a
`matt surface as defined with one or both of the above two alternatives or with claim 1
`and/or claim 2, said laminate (i) provides a high transparency when laminated to a
`transparent substrate (ii).
`
`Accordingly, in a preferable transparent Laminated Film embodiment, the film laminate
`(i) has a haze value of at least 35%, preferably at least 40%, when determined according
`
`to ASTM D 1003. The preferable thickness of film laminate (i) is defined in detail below
`under "Film properties" and may preferably range within 10 to 300 µm, preferably 15 to
`250 µm, more preferably 25 to 100 µm. Although herein a blown Film Sample of film
`laminate (i) with a thickness of 40 µm was used, but the laminate (i) thickness can be
`varied, preferably within the below given thickness range.
`
`In transparent Laminated Film embodiments the final Laminated Film has preferably a
`haze value of less than 20%, preferably less than 15%, in some embodiment even
`
`12% or less, as determined according to ASTM D 1003. The preferable thickness of
`Laminated Film is defined in detail below under "Film properties" and may e.g. be at
`
`least of at least 25 µm, preferably of at least 45 µm. The upper limit of Laminated Film is
`not critical and may be e.g. less than 550 µm, e.g. less than 300 µm, typically less than
`200 µm, preferably less 140 µm. Although herein a Film Sample of Laminated Film of a
`blown film laminate (i) laminated to a substrate (ii) with a total thickness of film laminate
`50µm was used, however it is to be understood that the thickness is not limited thereto,
`but can be varied, preferably within the below given thickness range. The preparation of
`Film Sample of Laminated Film is described under "Film Sample Preparation".
`
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`7
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`Furthermore, in high transparency embodiments, the invention can provide a Laminated
`Film having a haze value of even 8% or less, e.g. between 4 to 8%, when measured
`according to ASTM D 1003.
`
`Depending on the end use application, said layer (C) and/or said substrate (ii) may
`optionally have a high gloss value. Thus the invention provides as a high transparency
`embodiment a Laminated Film which preferably has a gloss value of at least 60%, or
`even 70% or more, or if high transparency is desired, even of 75% or more, when
`determined according to ASTM D 2457 measured at angle 60° from a layer (C) side of
`Laminated Film. Again the preferable thickness ranges of Laminated Film are described
`below under "Film properties". Although herein a Laminated Film Sample with a
`thickness of 50 µm was used for the determination, however it is to be understood that
`the thickness is not limited thereto, but can be varied, preferably within the below given
`thickness distribution range. The preparation of Film Sample of Laminated Film is
`described under "Film Sample Preparation".
`
`As already mentioned above, the film layer (A) of the multilayer film laminate may also
`have a beneficial contribution to the mechanical properties of the Laminated Film. Thus
`optionally, and preferably, the Laminated Film has excellent mechanical properties
`expressed i.a. as impact strength determined on dart drop as defined later below under
`"Determination methods". Without binding to any theory the unexpected transparency
`properties and the optional advantageous mechanical properties are due to the fusion or
`bonding property of the matt surface of layer (A).
`
`The invention is further directed to a multilayer film laminate (i) as defined above or
`below for use in a laminated multilayer film.
`
`The Laminated Film can be used in various end use applications including packaging
`materials, preferably as packaging material in cosmetic, non-food and food packaging
`articles for solid or liquid goods.
`
`Accordingly the invention also provides an article, preferably a packaging article
`comprising the Laminated Film of the invention.
`
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`The invention is also directed to a process for preparing a multilayer film laminate (i).
`Furthermore, the invention concerns a process for preparing a laminated multilayer film.
`Also a process for producing an article comprising the Laminated Film is provided. The
`use of Laminated Film as packaging material is further provided.
`
`The matt property provided by layer (A) of the invention defined by the technical features
`
`as given in claim 1 or claim 2 is the key of the invention. All the other components and
`properties of the Laminated Film can be varied and tailored within the scope of claim 1 or
`claim 2 depending on the intended end use application of the Laminated Film.
`
`The below preferable property ranges and subgroups are given generally for polymer
`compositions present in layers of multilayer film laminate (i) and in substrate (ii) can
`
`naturally be combined in any combination and in any order to define the different
`
`embodiments and variants of the invention.
`
`The term "consisting of', if used below in relation to polymer components present in
`layers of multilayer film laminate (i) and substrate (ii), is meant to exclude only the
`presence of other polymer components. Thus said term includes the optional presence
`of additives, e.g. conventional film additives, i.e. each layer independently may contain
`conventional film additives in conventional amounts, such as antioxidants, UV stabilizers,
`anti-fogging agents, UV absorbers, IR reflectors, acid scavengers, nucleating agents,
`anti-blocking agents, slip agents etc., as well as polymer processing agent (PPA). The
`amount of optional additives is typically less than 5-wto/o, e.g. between 0.0001 to 3-wto/o
`calculated from the sum (wt%) of additives and polymer components present in a layer.
`
`Multilayer film laminate (i)
`
`The multilayer film laminate (i) of the invention comprises at least Layers (A) and (C) as
`defined above.
`
`The layer (A) comprises preferably the multimodal polyethylene composition as defined
`in the above first alternative. As well known to a person skilled in the polymer field, the
`polyethylene composition having a density 940 kg/m3 or less may sometimes be defined
`
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`9
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`in the polymer literature as covering i.a. a medium density polyethylene (MOPE)
`composition and a linear low density ethylene (LLOPE) composition. In this application
`polyethylene with a density 940 kg/m3 or less is abbreviated shortly as "multimodal
`LLOPE composition" or "multimodal LLOPE" and it naturally covers polyethylenes within
`
`the density range of "MOPE".
`
`More preferably the multimodal LLOPE is copolymer of ethylene with one or more
`co monomers.
`
`Layer (A) as defined above and below comprises preferably at least a multimodal LLOPE
`composition and may comprise other polymers, such as a second, different LLOPE
`composition. Said layer (A) comprises a multimodal LLOPE composition in an amount of
`
`at least 50-wto/o, preferably at least 70-wto/o, more preferably at least 80-wto/o of the total
`amount of the layer (A). Preferably layer (A) consists of one or more, preferably one,
`multimodal LLOPE composition.
`
`Preferably said multimodal LLOPE composition is obtainable by a polymerization of
`ethylene with one or more comonomers in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst
`(multimodal znLLOPE).
`
`In one preferable embodiment, said layer (A) consists of a multimodal LLOPE, preferably
`a multimodal znLLOPE.
`
`Further preferably, particularly in transparent Laminated Film embodiments, said layer
`(A) is unpigmented.
`
`The term "unpigmented" as used in this application in relation to film layer(s) means that
`the said layer(s) is/are free of any pigments that would decrease the transparency of the
`final Laminated Film, when present in said layer(s), compared to the same Laminated
`Film, but without such pigment in said layer(s).
`
`The polymer composition used in layer (C) of film laminate (i) as defined above or below
`is not critical and can be chosen depending on the demands, e.g. transparency, of the
`end use application. Preferably, said layer (C) comprises LLOPE which can be unimodal
`
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`or multimodal LLOPE composition. Moreover, LLOPE can be znLLOPE or LLOPE can be
`
`obtainable by polymerization using a single site catalyst (mLLOPE). Both mLLOPE and
`znLLOPE alternatives are preferable. Also preferably, layer (C) may comprise low(cid:173)
`density polyethylene (LOPE) homo- or copolymer composition obtainable by high(cid:173)
`pressure polymerization, preferably LOPE homopolymer composition, referred herein as
`
`LOPE.
`
`The amount of LL OPE usable in layer (C) typically varies between O to 1 OD-wt% of the
`total amount of layer (C). Layer (C) comprises preferably a blend of LLOPE and LOPE.
`The amount of LOPE can vary between O to 1 DO-wt%. In one embodiment the blend
`comprises 5 to 15-wt% of LOPE and 85 to 95-wt% of LLOPE. In another alternative
`embodiment the blend comprises up to 30-wt% of LLOPE. Such blends typically provide
`
`a low haze and preferably also high gloss to the layer (C), as well known in the art.
`
`In embodiments wherein a low haze, i.e. good transparency, is desired for the Laminated
`Film, then the multimodal polyethylene composition present in layer (C) has preferably,
`when produced to a blown film consisting of said polymer composition and having a film
`thickness of 40 µm, a haze value of less than 20%, preferably of less than 15%, or in
`
`high transparency embodiments, preferably of 12% or less, or even as low as between 4
`to 8% may be desired, when determined according to ASTM O 1003. Preferably the
`layer (C) has a haze value of less than 20%, preferably of less than 15%, or in high
`transparency embodiments, preferably of 12% or less, or even as low as between 4 to
`8% may be desired, when determined according to ASTM O 1003 using a blown film
`sample. Again, the preferable thickness distribution ranges are described below under
`
`"Film properties". Although herein a Film Sample of layer (C) with a thickness of 40 µm
`was used for the determination, however it is to be understood that the thickness is not
`limited thereto, but can be varied, preferably within the below given thickness distribution
`range.
`
`In transparent Laminated Film embodiments in particular, layer (C) preferably consists of
`the blend of LLOPE and LOPE as defined above.
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`Multilayer film laminate (i) of the invention may also comprise additional film layers. The
`additional optional film layers are naturally selected so that they have no adverse effect
`
`on the inventive effect achieved with layer (A).
`
`At least in transparent laminated Film embodiments, the film layers, preferably all film
`layers of multilayer film laminate (i) are unpigmented, i.e. are free of pigments which
`would have an adverse effect on transparency.
`
`According to one preferable embodiment the multilayer film laminate (i) comprises, in the
`
`given layer order,
`-
`an inner layer (A) as defined above or below,
`-
`a core layer (B),
`-
`an outer layer (C) as defined above or below.
`
`Said layer (B) can comprise or consists of the same polymer composition as comprised
`or consisted of in layer (A) or layer (C).
`
`In one preferable embodiment said layer (B) comprises at least a multimodal LLOPE. In
`addition to a multimodal LLOPE, layer (B) may comprise also other polymers depending
`on the end use of the Laminated Film.
`
`Preferably, when said layer (B) comprises a multimodal LLOPE, then said multimodal
`LLOPE is the same polymer composition as used in layer (A).
`
`Alternatively, layer (B) may comprise LLOPE which is the same LLOPE as in layer (C).
`
`In another preferable embodiment, especially when the Laminated Film with good
`mechanical properties, such as stiffness, is needed for the end use application, the
`layers (A),
`(B) and/or (C) may comprise a high-density polyethylene (HOPE)
`composition. Preferably, when HOPE is present, then core layer(s), such as layer (B),
`comprises HOPE.
`
`The amount of HOPE may be e.g. up to 40-wto/o, preferably 5 to 30-wto/o, such as 10 to
`25-wto/o. In such embodiments the layer (B) comprises preferably a blend of a LLOPE
`
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`and a HOPE polymer. The amount of LLOPE being more than 60-wt%, preferably 95 to
`
`70-wt%, more preferably 90 to 75-wt% of the amount of blend. Preferably, layer (B) of
`
`this embodiment consists of a blend of a LLOPE and a HOPE in the above given wt%
`proportions calculated form the total amount of blend (100wt%).
`
`In a further preferable embodiment layer (B) may also contain LOPE in amount of e.g. 5
`to 40-wt%, preferably 5 to 20-wt%.
`
`In a further preferable embodiment said layer (B) comprises a LLOPE and LOPE, and
`optionally HOPE. The amount of LLOPE in such blend is typically at least 50-wt%,
`preferably at least 60-wt%, such as 65 to 90-wt%. The amount of LOPE in such blend
`may be e.g. 5 to 40-wt%, preferably 5 to 20-wt%. The amount of HOPE in such blend
`may be up to 40-wt%, preferably 5 to 30-wt%, such as 10 to 25-wt%. Preferably in this
`embodiment, layer (B) consists of said blend, which blend is selected from a blend
`consisting of LLOPE and LOPE and a blend consisting of LLOPE, LOPE and HOPE, in
`the above given amounts totaling to 100wt%.
`
`If layer (B) comprises or consists of a blend of LLOPE and HOPE, then LLOPE is
`preferably a multimodal LLOPE, more preferably the same multimodal LLOPE as used in
`layer (A).
`
`If layer (B) comprises or consists of a blend comprising LOPE and another polymer, then
`said blend preferably comprises LLOPE and LOPE. Then preferably said LLOPE is the
`
`same as defined above and below in relation to layer (C).
`
`The multilayer film laminate (i) may comprise further layers, such as a 5-layer structure,
`comprising layers (A) and (C) preferably as the outer layers and three "core" layers
`selected from (A), (C) and (B).
`
`The film of the invention may also contain an adhesive layer, or one or more of the
`layers of Laminated Film may be surface treated in a manner well known in the art. In a
`preferred embodiment, the layer (A) and layer (C) as defined above or below, and when
`present, the further layers, such as layer (B) as defined above or below, are preferably in
`
`ClearCorrect Exhibit 1041, Page 13 of 44
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`13
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`direct contact with each other, i.e. without any adhesive layer or surface treatment of one
`
`or more of the layers.
`
`When a multilayer film laminate (i) of said (A)/(C)-layer structure comprises further
`layers, then preferably, layers (A) and (C) form the outermost layers of the multilayer film
`laminate.
`
`The multilayer film laminate (i) of the invention can be produced in any conventional
`method, preferably said film laminate (i) is a multilayer coextruded film laminate (i), more
`
`preferably a blown multilayer coextruded film laminate (i).
`
`The terms "extruded", or respectively, "coextruded" and "coextrudate", as used herein
`mean well-known film (co)extrusion, preferably blown film (co)extrusion, processes and
`the product thereof as will be described later below.
`
`Substrate (ii)
`
`The substrate material of the laminated Film is not critical. Preferably the substrate (ii) is
`a polymer-based substrate (ii). Furthermore the substrate (ii) can be a monolayer or
`multilayer substrate. It is also possible that the substrate (ii) is similar or the same as the
`multilayer film laminate (i).
`
`In case the substrate (ii) is a multilayer film, then in transparent Laminated Film
`applications the clear layer sides of laminate (i) and substrate (ii) are the outer layers of
`the final Laminated Film, e.g. C/A/A/C or C/B/A/A/B/C as defined above or below.
`
`In transparent Laminated Film embodiments the substrate (ii) is thus transparent. Such
`transparent substrate (ii) may be oriented or non-oriented film structure comprising at
`least one
`layer comprising, a polyester composition, preferably polyethylene
`terephthalate composition
`(PET), polypropylene homo or
`random copolymer,
`polyethylene homo or copolymer, or a polyamide polymer. If a non-oriented substrate (ii)
`film consists of one polymer composition, this is preferably PET.
`
`ClearCorrect Exhibit 1041, Page 14 of 44
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`PCT/EP2008/001520
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`14
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`Alternatively, the substrate (i) may be a bioriented, mono- or multilayer film, such as
`
`bioriented polypropylene
`
`(BOPP), bioriented polyethylene
`
`(BOPE) or bioriented
`
`polyamide (BOPA) mono- or multilayer film, or a non-oriented multilayer film having
`transparent outer layer as the outer layer of the final Laminated Film.
`
`Polyesters, BOPP, BOPE and BOPA usable in the substrate (ii) are very well known and
`conventional in the film field. These materials can be commercially available or be
`produced using polymerisation processes and conditions well known in the polymer
`literature. The orientation/stretching methods for producing BOPP, BOPE and BOPA
`materials of the invention are also very well known and documented.
`
`In a preferable embodiment the substrate consists of a polyester composition, preferably
`PET composition.
`
`Since the key of the invention is in the multilayer film laminate (i) the polymer materials
`suitable for the layers thereof are described in more details below.
`
`Polymer compositions
`
`The polymer compositions, LLOPE, HOPE and LOPE, if present in the Laminated Film,
`are defined below generally for all of the layers (A), (C) and the optional layer(s), such as
`layer (8), of the multilayer film laminate (i) and, if present, for the layer(s) of substrate (ii).
`Any preferred properties of LLOPE, HOPE and/or LOPE which are particularly suitable
`for layer (A), (C) or an optional layer(s), such as (B), or for a substrate (ii), are also
`specified below and represent preferably subgroups and variants of the invention.
`
`LLDPE composition
`
`Thus the below preferable property ranges and subgroups of LLOPE apply generally for
`all of layers of the Laminated Film of the invention. They also apply equally for any t