THE
`AMERICAN
`HERITAGE"
`COLLEGE
`DICTIONARY
`
`Boston « New York
`
`HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
`
`
`
`THIRD EDITION
`
`Gree, Inc.
`Ex. 2002
`Page 1
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`

`

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`1 or shared with others. 3. Not accom.
`ngle or sole. 4. Complete; undivided,
`‘most, as from membership. 6. Catering
`, expensive. — 2. 1. A news item initially
`publication or broadcaster. 2. An exclu.
`. —execlu/sivesly adv. — exe clu/ sive:
`7 (&k/skloo-siv/1-té) x.
`_
`t including or considering.
`fiat’) trv. -tateed, -tateing, -tates,
`(something) out carefully and thorough.
`oxcogitat-, to find out by thinking : ex.,
`aink; see cocrratz.] ~ ex+cog/ieta! tion
`ve adj.
`Ne (éks!ka-myoo!ni-ka-bel) adj. Merit-
`tishable by excommunication.
`> (&ks’ka-myoo! ni-kat’) tr.v. -Cateed,
`To deprive of the right of church mem.
`rship or participation in a group. ~n,
`has been excommunicated. — adj, (-kit,
`excommunicated. [ME excommunicaten
`icdre, excommiinicat- : Lat. ex-, ex. +
`o share (< communis, common, see Com-
`nu/nieca/tive (-ka’tiv, -ka-), ex’com>
`ve-t6r/é, -tdr’é) adj. — ex’comsmu/ nis
`
`|
`
`|
`
`cal authority. 2. To exclude by oras ifby
`
`ex-curesive (ik-sktir/ siv) adj. Of, given to, or characterized by
`digression. — execur/siveely adv. — ex+cur! sivesness n.
`execuresus (ik-skiir/sas) 2., pl. -sus*es. 1. A lengthy append-
`ed exposition of a topic or point. 2. A digression. [Lat. <
`part. of excurrere, to run out. See Excursion.]
`execusea*torry (ik-skydo/za-tér’é, -tor’é) adj. Tending or
`serving to excuse.
`excuse (ik-skyooz’) tr.v. -cused, -cuseing, -cus*es. 1.a. To
`explain (a fault or an offense) in the hope of being forgiven or
`understood. b. To seek to remove the blame from. 2.a. To
`ant pardonto; forgive. b. To make allowance for; overlook.
`See Syns at forgive. 3. To serve as justification for. 4. To free,
`as from an obligation or duty; exempt. 5. To give permission
`to leave; release. — n. (ik-skyoos’). 1. An explanation offered
`to justify or obtain forgiveness. 2. A reason or grounds for
`excusing. 3, The act of excusing. 4. A note explaining an
`absence. 5. Informal.. An inferior example. [ME excusen <
`OFr. excuser < Lat. excusdre : ex-, ex- + causa, accusation;
`see CAUSE.] —eX*cus/asble adj. — ex-cus/a+*ble+ness n.
`—ex*cus/asbly adv. — excus/er x.
`ex-ec (ig-zék!) 2. Informal. 1. An executive. 2. The executive
`officer of a unit of the armed forces.
`exec. abbr. Executor.
`exeercrasble (ék/si-kra-bal) adj. 1. Deserving of execration;
`hateful. 2. Extremely inferior; very bad, [ME < Lat. execrabi-
`lis < execrari, exsecrari, to execrate. See ExECRATE.] — eX/es
`crasble*ness 7. — ex/e+crasbly adv.
`exeeecrate (ék/si-krat’) tr.v. -crateed, -crat+ing, -crates.
`1. To declare to be hateful or abhorrent; denounce. 2. To feel
`loathing for; abhor. 3. Archaic. To invoke a curse on. [Lat.
`execrari, execrat- : ex-, ex- + sacrare, to consecrate (< sacer,
`sacred; see sak-*).] — ex/eecra/tive, ex/e*cra*to/ry (-kra-
`tér’é, -tor’é) adj. — ex’ e*cra’tor xn.
`exeeecrastion (ék’si-kra/ shan) 2. 1. The act of cursing. 2. A
`curse. 3. Something that is cursed or loathed.
`exeeceustant(ig-zék/ ya-tant) n. One who performsorcarries
`out, esp. a skilled performer.
`exeeecute (ék/si-kydot’) tr.v. -cut’ ed, -cut+ ing,-cutes. 1. To
`put into effect; carry out. Z. To. perform; do..3. To create (a
`work of art, for example) in accordance with a prescribed
`design. 4. To make valid, as by.signing. 5. To perform or
`carry out what is required by: executed the terms of a will.
`6. To put to death, esp. by carrying out a lawful sentence.
`7. Comp. Sci. To ran {a program or an instruction).
`[ME
`executen < OFr. executer < Med.Lat. execitare < Lat. ex-
`ecutor, executor < exectitus, p.part. of exequi, exsequi, to
`pursue, accomplish ; ex-, ex- + sequi,
`to follow; see
`sek-'*,] — ex/eecut/asble adj. — ex’e+cut’er 7.
`exeeecurtion (&k’si-kydo/ shan) n. 1.a. The act of executing
`something. b. The state of being executed. 2. The manner,
`style, or result of performance. 3. The act or an instance of
`execution or being executed as a lawful penalty. 4. Law.
`a. The carrying into effect of a court judgment. b. A writ
`empowering an officer to enforce a judgment. c. Validation of
`a legal document by the performanceofall necessary formal-
`ities. 5. Archaic. Effective, punitive, or destructive action.
`exeeecuetionser (&k’si-kydo!sha-nar) x. One who executes,
`esp. one who puts a condemned person to death.
`exseceustive (ig-zék/yo-tiv) . 1. A person or group having
`administrative or managerial authority in an organization.
`2. The chief officer of a government, state, or political divi-
`sion. 3. The executive branch of government. 4. Comp. Sci. A
`set of coded instructions designed to process and control oth-
`er coded instructions, — adj..1. Of, relating to, capable of, or
`suited for carrying out or executing: 2. Having, characterized
`by, or relating to administrative or managerial authority: ex-
`ecutive skills. 3. Of or relating to the branch of government
`charged with the execution of a country’s laws and the ad-
`ministration of its functions. [ME, to be carried out < OFr.
`exécutif < executer, to carry out. See EXECUTE]
`executive agreement n. An agreement made betweenthe ex-
`ecutive branch of the U.S. government and a foreign govern-
`ment withoutratification by the Senate.
`executive council 7. 1. A council that advises or assists a po-
`litical executive. 2. A council having the highest executive
`power or authority.
`executive officer 7. 1.a. The officer second in command of a
`military unit smaller than a division. b. The officer second in
`commandof a naval unit. 2. A person with executive power
`in an organization.
`executive order 7. See regulation 3.
`executive privilege x. The principle that members of the ex-
`ecutive branch of government cannotlegally be forced to dis-
`close confidential communications when such disclosure
`would adversely affect executive operations or procedures.
`executive secretary #. A secretary having administrative duties
`and responsibilities.
`executive session 1. A session, as of a committee, often closed
`to the public, in which executive business is transacted.
`exeeceuctor (ig-zék’ ya-tar, ék/si-kydo’tar) n. 1. One who
`carries out or performs something. 2. Law. One appointed by
`a testator to execute the testator’s will. — exeec’ueto/ri-al
`
`(-tér/é-al, -t6r/-) adj. — ex*ec/ustoreship’ x.
`exeeceustorry (ig-zék/ya-t6r'é, -tor’é) adj. 1. Of or relating
`to execution or administration; executive. 2. In effect; oper-
`ative. 3. Law. Intended to go into effect or having the poten-
`tial of becoming effective at a future time; contingent.
`exeeceustrix (ig-zék/ya-triks’) 1., pl. -trixees or -trieces
`(-trI/séz’). Law. A woman whois appointed by a testator to
`execute thetestator’s will.
`exeeedra (ék/si-dro, ik-sé/-) 2. 1. A usu. curved outdoor bench
`with a high back. 2. An often semicircular portico with seats
`that was used in ancient Greece and Rome as a place for
`discussions. [Lat. < Gk.
`: ex-, ex- + bedra, seat; see sed-*.]
`exeergersis (ék/sa-jé/ sis) 2., pl. -ses (-séz). Critical interpre-
`tation or explanation, esp. textual. [Gk. exégésis < exégei-
`sthai, to interpret : ex-, ex- + hégeisthai, to lead; see sag-*.]
`exseegete (ék/sa-jét’) also exee*gertist (&k’sa-jét/ist) n. A
`person skilled in exegesis. [Gk. exégétés < exégeisthai, to in-
`terpret. See Execrsis.]
`exeergeteic (ék’sa-jét/ik) also ex*e*geteiecal (-i-kal) adj. Of
`or relating to exegesis. — ex’e+get/iecalely adv.
`exeemeplar (ig-zém/ plar’, -plor) 2. 1. One that is worthy of
`imitation; a model. 2. Onethatis typical or representative; an
`example. 3. An ideal that serves as a pattern; an archetype.
`4. A copy,as of a book. [ME exemplere < LLat. exemplarium
`< Lat. exemplum, example. See Exampte.]
`exsemeplaery (ig-zém/ pla-ré) adj. 1. Worthy of imitation;
`commendable. 2. Serving as a model. 3. Serving as an illus-
`tration; typical. 4. Serving as a warning; admonitory. [< ME
`exaumplarie, exemplere, an exemplar. See ExempLar.] — ex!-
`em»plar/iely (ég/zam-plar/o-lé) adv. — ex-em/ pla-ri+ness,
`ex/emsplar/isty (@g/zam-plar/i-té) n.
`exeem: pli*fiecastion (ig-zém/ pla-fi-ka/ shan) #. 1. The act of
`exemplifying. 2, One that exemplifies; an example.
`exeemepliefy (ig-zém/plo-fi’) tr.v. -fied, -fy*ing, -fies. 1. To
`illustrate by example. 2. To serve as an example of. [ME ex-
`emplifien < OFr. exemplifier < Med.Lat. exemplificare : Lat.
`exemplum, example; see Exampte + Lat. -ficdre, -fy.] — exe
`em/pliefi’asble adj. — exeem/pliefi/er x.
`exeemepli graetiea (ig-zém/plé gra/shé-o, &k-sém/ plé gra/-
`té-a’) adv. For example. [Lat. exempli gratia, for the sake of
`example.]
`ex+em» plum (ig-zém/! plam) w., pl. -pla (-pla). 1. An example.
`2. A brief story used to make a point in an argument or
`illustrate a moraltruth. (Lat. See examprz.]
`ex¢empt (ig-zémpt/) tr.v. -empt- ed, -empt*ing, -empts. 1. To
`make exempt. 2. Obsolete. To set apart;
`isolate. — adj.
`1. Freed from an obligation, a duty, or a liability to which
`others are subject; excused. 2. Obsolete. Set apart; isolated.
`—n. One whois exempt. [ME exempten < OF. exempter <
`exempt, exempt < Lat. exemptus, p.part. of eximere, to take
`out. See ExampLE.] — exeempt/isbie adj.
`exeempstion (ig-zémp/shan) #. 1. The act or an instance of
`exempting. 2. The state of being exempt; immunity. 3. One
`that is exempted, esp. an amountof income that is exempted
`from taxation.
`exrenetereate (ig-zén/ta-rat’) trv. -ateed, -at-ing, -ates.
`1. To disembowel; eviscerate. 2. Medic. To remove the con-
`tents of (an organ). [Lat. exenterare, exenterdt-, to disembow-
`el : ex-, ex- + Gk. enteron, entrails; see en*,] — ex*en/tere
`aftion x.
`exeerscise (8k sor-siz’) n. 1. An act of employing or putting
`into play; use. 2. The discharge of a duty, function, or office.
`3. Activity that requires physical or mental exertion, esp.
`when performed to develop or maintain fitness. 4. A task,
`problem, or other effort performed to develop or maintain
`fitness or increase skill. 5. exercises. A program that includes
`speeches, presentations, and other ceremonial activities per-
`formed before an audience. — v. -cised, -cis+ing, -cis*es.
`— tr. 1. To putinto play or operation; employ. 2. To bring to
`bear; exert. 3.a. To subject to practice or exertion in order to
`train, strengthen, or develop. b. To put through exercises. See
`Syns at practice. 4. To carry out the functions of; execute.
`5.a. To absorb the attentions of, esp. by worry or anxiety.
`b. To stir to anger or alarm; upset. — intr. To take exercise.
`[ME < OF. exercice < Lat. exercitium < exercitus, p.part. of
`exercére, to exercise : ex-, ex- + arcére, to restrain.] — ex/-
`erecis’asble adj.
`exercise bicycle x. A stationary piece offitness equipment hav-
`ing a saddle seat, handlebars, and pedals, used chiefly to
`strengthen the cardiovascular system.
`exercise book #. A booklet for students, usu. containing prob-
`lems or exercises and space for answers or practice.
`exeereciseer (ék/sar-si’zar) 7. 1. One that exercises: an exer-
`ciser of racehorses. 2. A device for exercising the body.
`ex*erecitastion (ig-zir’si-ta/shon) #. The act or an instance
`of exercising.
`[ME exercitacioun < Lat. -exercitati6,
`exercitation- < exercitare, freq. of exercére, to exercise. See
`EXERCISE.]
`ex*eregonsic (ék’ sar-g6n/ik) adj. Releasing energy. [Ex(o)- +
`Gk. ergon, work; see werg-* + -1c.]
`exeergue (&k/siirg’, ég/ztirg’) x. A space on the reverse of a
`coin or medal, usu. below the central design and often giving
`
`479
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`excursive
`
`exergue
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`Gree,Inc.
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`Ex. 2002
`
`Page 2
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`oi boy
`4 pat
`ou out
`a pay
`66 td0k
`ar care
`a father do boot
`€ pet
`ti cut
`é be
`ar urge
`i pit
`th thin
`i pie
`th this
`ir pier
`==hw which
`6 pot
`zh vision
`6 toe
`a about,
`6 paw
`item
`Stress marks:
`? (primary);
`' (secondary), as in
`dictionary (dik’sho-nér’é)
`
`
`
`tion (éks’ ka-my60/ni-ka/ shan) 1. 1. The
`iting. 2. The state of being excommuni-
`municative ecclesiastical censure.
`jr/@-at’, -skér/-) tr.v. -ateed, -ateing,
`wear off the skin of; abrade. 2. To censure
`e.
`[ME excoriaten < Lat. excoridre,
`+ corium, skin; see sker-1*.] — ex*co!-
`so/riea/tor x.
`‘3-ment) 2. Waste material, esp. fecal mat-
`ligestion. [Lat. excrémentum < excrétus,
`re, to excrete. See EXCRETE.] ex! cree
`en-ti’tious (-mén-tish’ as) adj.
`résfans) 7. 1. An abnormal outgrowth or
`s a wart, 2. A normal outgrowth, such as
`eard. 3. A usu. unwanted or unncessary
`at. excréscentia < neut. pl. of excréscéns,
`. of excréscere, to grow out : ex-, ex: +
`iee ker-2*,
`skrés!at n., pl. -cies. 1. The state or
`excrescent. 2. An excrescence.
`%sfont) adj. 1. Growing out abnormally,
`sfluously. 2. Ling. Of or relating to epen-
`—execres!centely adv.
`;
`») pln. Waste matter, such as sweat, urine,
`1 from the body. [Lat. excréta < neut.pl.
`‘e, to excrete. See EXCRETE.] — execre/ tal
`tr.v. -creteed, -cret+ing, -cretes. To sep-
`e (waste) from blood, tissues, or organs.
`crét- : ex-, ex- + cernere, to separate, see
`
`Jshan) 2. 1. The act or process of excret-
`cd matter.
`:
`kri-tér’é, -t6r’é) adj. OF, relating to, or
`excretory organs.
`;
`kréo/ shé-at’) tr.v. -ateed, -at+ing, -ates.
`pain on;torture. 2. To inflict great mental
`xcrucidre, excrucidt- : ex-, intensive pref;
`2, to crucify, torture (< crux, cruc-, Cross;
`sru/ciea/tion x.
`:
`ik-skroo! shé-a’ ting) adj. 1. Intensely pain-
`Very intense or extreme. — execru/ cisat!-
`cal-pat’, ik-skiil’-) trv. -pateed, -pat+ing,
`of guilt or blame. [Med.Lat. exculpare,
`c-, ex- + Lat. culpa, guilt.] — ex-cul’ pae
`1) adj. —ex'culepa/tion x.
`k-skiil/ po-tor’é, -tor!é) adj. Acting or tend-
`if ant, -sktir?-) adj. 1.a. Running or flow-
`Marked by an outward flow of current.
`ig a single undivided trunk with lateral
`nding beyond the apex ofa leaf. [Lat. ex
`-, pr.part. of excurrere, to run out. See Ex-
`Grfzhan) 2. 1. A usu. short journey made
`uting, 2. A roundtrip on a passenger vehicle
`are. 3. A group taking a short pleasuretrip
`version or deviation from a main topic, 4
`'s, a A movement from and backto a mean
`anoscillating or alternating motion. b. The
`2d in such a movement.
`[Lat. excursio,
`ursus, p.patt. of excurrere, to run out : ex
`run; see kers-*.]
`k-skiir!zha-nist) 2. A person whogoes on an;
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`Ex. 2002
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