`___
`
`Case PGR2020‐00011
`
`U.S. Patent 10,303,411
`___
`
`Petitioner’s Demonstratives for Oral Hearing
`
`Oral Hearing – April 14, 2021
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`Threshold Issue
`
`Whether the Board should deny the motion to
`amend because it was filed after the final federal
`court invalidation of the original claims
`
`(Paper 23 at 2‐4)
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`Procedural History
`
`12/23/2019
`01/31/2020
`
`04/06/2020
`04/13/2020
`04/30/2020
`05/08/2020
`07/07/2020
`
`Petition filed (claims 1‐20 challenged)
`Delaware District Court ruled that
`challenged claims are invalid under
`35 U.S.C. 101 – PO appealed
`PO disclaimed claims 4 and 12
`PO’s Preliminary Response filed
`Petitioner’s Reply filed
`PO’s Sur‐reply filed
`Board instituted PGR
`
`(Paper 1; Paper 14; EX1030; Exs. 2001, 2002; Paper 7; Paper 10; Paper 11; Paper 12)
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`Procedural History
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`07/20/2020
`
`07/23/2020
`
`09/29/2020
`
`11/05/2020
`
`11/19/2020
`12/22/2020
`
`02/02/2021
`
`PO stipulated to dismissal of
`Federal Circuit appeal with prejudice
`Federal Circuit issued a mandate
`dismissing appeal
`PO’s Motion to Amend (substitute
`claims 21‐35) and PO Response filed
`Board issued Order to show cause that
`PO Response should not be expunged
`Board expunged PO Response
`Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to
`Amend filed
`PO’s Reply to Opposition or Revised
`Motion to Amend was due but not filed
`
`(Paper 14; EX1031; EX1032; Paper 18; Paper 20; Paper 21; Paper 23)
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`Challenged Claims Finally Judged to Be Invalid
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`11/05/2020
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`Board issued Order to show cause
`that POR should not be expunged
`
`Moreover, we see no meaningful discussion in the
`Patent Owner Response regarding the patentability of
`the claims challenged in the Petition. Nor would such
`argument be proper, as the challenged claims have
`been finally judged to be invalid in the Delaware
`court and the appeal of that decision has been
`dismissed with prejudice. Exs. 1030, 1032.
`
`(Paper 20 at 3‐4)
`
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`PO’s Untimely Motion to Amend Should Be Denied
`
`(EX1032, 1, 2; Paper 18 at 1, 25)
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`PO’s Untimely Motion to Amend Should Be Denied
`
`Unlike in Hulu, PO’s Motion to Amend was not timely filed
`when the original claims did present a live dispute
`Similarly, Hulu has pointed to no statutory language that
`provides a basis for concluding that, once original
`claims no longer present a live dispute, the PTAB and
`the USPTO lose authority to consider proposed
`substitute claims that were presented in a contingent
`motion timely filed during the IPR when the original
`claims did present a live dispute.
`
`(Uniloc 2017 LLC v. Hulu, LLC, 966 F.3d 1295, 1303 (Fed. Cir. 2020); Paper 23 at 4)
`
`PO’s Motion to Amend was filed more than two months
`after the final federal court invalidation and when the
`original claims no longer presented a live dispute
`
`(Paper 23 at 2‐4)
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`Undisputed Deficiencies of Motion to Amend
`
`PO did not seek the Board’s preliminary guidance
`PO filed neither a Reply nor a revised Motion to
`respond to Petitioner’s Opposition to Motion to
`Amend
`Hence, Petitioner’s contentions ‐‐ (1) PO’s Motion
`to Amend is untimely; (2) PO’s Motion to Amend
`fails to meet the statutory and regulatory
`requirements; and (3) all substitute claims are
`unpatentable ‐‐ remain undisputed by PO
`
`(Paper 13 at 4‐6; Paper 23)
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`PO’s Motion to Amend Fails to Comply with
`Content Requirement
`
`PO’s Motion to Amend fails to comply with the
`content requirement under 37 C.F.R. 42.221(b)
`– A motion to amend claims must … set forth:
`(1) The support in the original disclosure of the patent
`for each claim that is added or amended; and
`(2) The support in an earlier-filed disclosure for each
`claim for which benefit of the filing date of the earlier
`filed disclosure is sought.
`– PO’s Motion fails to ”set forth written description support
`for each proposed substitute claim as a whole, and not
`just the features added by the amendment.”
`
`(Paper 23 at 5; Paper 18 at 2‐5; 37 C.F.R. 42.221(b);
`Lectrosonics, Inc. v. Zaxcom, Inc., IPR2018‐01129, Paper 15 at 8 (PTAB Feb. 25, 2019) (precedential))
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`PO’s Motion to Amend Introduces New Matter
`
`PO’s Motion to Amend also seeks to add new matter in
`violation of 35 U.S.C. 326(d) and 37 C.F.R. 42.221(a)(2)(ii)
`– No written description support in the original and earlier filed
`disclosures for the following added claim features:
`• client device being separate and distinct device from the
`information apparatus and also being at least a pervasive
`computing device (Separate Pervasive Computing Client
`Device Limitation)
`• the one or more pervasive computing devices pervasively
`output the digital content at the one or more output devices
`without depending on synchronizing the digital content with
`a stationary computing device for output of the digital
`content (No Synchronization Limitation)
`
`(Paper 23 at 5‐8; EX1033, pars. 6‐11; Paper 18, Claims Appendix, ii‐iv, vi, viii; id., iii, vi, x)
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`Separate Pervasive Computing Client Device Limitation
`Lacks Written Description Support
`
`All substitute claims require the Separate Pervasive Computing
`Client Device Limitation
`Claimed “client device” is a “pervasive computing device” that
`must:
`– “have limited memory space, processing capacity, and power”
`– “pervasively output the digital content at the one or more output
`devices without depending on synchronizing the digital content with a
`stationary computing device for output of the digital content”
`– ”[be] at least a mobile computing device”
`No written description support in the original and earlier filed
`disclosures for the Separate Pervasive Computing Client Device
`Limitation
`– PO fails to identify any support in the Motion to Amend
`
`(Paper 23 at 6; EX1033, pars. 7‐8; Paper 18, Claims Appendix, iii, vi, x; Paper 18 at 6)
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`Separate Pervasive Computing Client Device Limitation
`Lacks Written Description Support
`The disclosure about “client device” does not describe the client device,
`separate and distinct from the information apparatus, being a pervasive
`computing device
`
`(Paper 23 at 6; EX1002, 136)
`
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`No Synchronization Limitation Lacks
`Written Description Support
`
`All substitute claims require the No Synchronization Limitation
`For support of the No Synchronization Limitation, PO could
`only point to the following disclosure:
`“People need to output directly and conveniently from their pervasive
`information apparatus, without depending on synchronizing with a
`stationary computer (e.g., desktop personal computer) for printing, as an
`example.”
`
`(Paper 23 at 6‐7; Paper 18 at 2‐3; EX1003, 3 (par. 4); EX1004, 3‐4 (1:31‐2:1); EX1002, 87 (par. 4))
`
`But mere statement of people’s need or desired result is not a
`description of a specific feature implemented in an invention
`– Test for written description compliance is “possession,” rather than the
`“presence or absence of literal support in the specification for the
`claim language”
`
`(Paper 23 at 6‐7; EX1033, pars. 9‐11; In re Kaslow, 707 F.2d 1366, 1375 (Fed. Cir. 1983))
`
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`Undisputed Deficiencies of Substitute Claims
`
`All substitute claims are unpatentable
`– All substitute claims are patent ineligible under 35
`U.S.C. 101
`– All substitute claims are indefinite
`– All substitute claims are obvious
`
`(Paper 23 at 8‐33; EX1033, pars. 15‐36)
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`All Substitute Claims Are Patent Ineligible
`
`PO is collaterally estopped from asserting eligibility
`• prior district court action presents an identical issue – patent
`eligibility of the substitute claims – in view of the substantial
`overlap between PO’s argument advanced in the Motion and
`that advanced in the district court action
`Delaware District Court Action
`PO in Motion to Amend
`“The inventive concept of a ‘pervasive
`“the plaintiff has at times said that the
`output process’ is a practical application
`inventive concept is the pervasive
`output process ....”
`that solves the technical problems ….”
`
`• the prior action actually litigated and adjudged that issue
`• the judgment in that prior action necessarily required
`determination of the identical issue
`• the prior action featured full representation of PO
`
`(Paper 23 at 8‐12; EX1030, 4; Paper 18 at 18; VirnetX Inc. v. Apple, Inc., 909 F.3d 1375, 1377 (Fed. Cir. 2018);
`Ohio Willow Wood Co. v. Alps South, LLC, 735 F.3d 1333, 1342 (Fed. Cir. 2013); Restatement (2d) of Judgments
`Sec. 27, cmt. c (1982); EX1034, 1‐2, 9‐11 (doc. page #))
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`All Substitute Claims Are Patent Ineligible
`
`The added features do not render the substitute claims eligible
`– Delaware District Court already found that those features do not
`confer eligibility
`
`(Paper 23 at 11‐13; EX1030, 4)
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`Undisputed Deficiencies of Substitute Claims
`
`All substitute claims are unpatentable
`– All substitute claims are patent ineligible under 35
`U.S.C. 101
`– All substitute claims are indefinite
`– All substitute claims are obvious
`
`(Paper 23 at 8‐33; EX1033, pars. 15‐36)
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`All Substitute Claims Are Indefinite
`
`The term limited memory space, processing capacity, and
`power is ambiguous and unclear, and fails to inform, with
`reasonable certainty, those skilled in the art of the scope
`of the invention
`– It is a term of degree, but the ’411 patent provides no standard for
`measuring the scope of that degree
`– “[T]here is an indefiniteness problem if the claim language ‘might
`mean several different things and no informed and confident choice
`is available among the contending definitions.’”
`• Differs based on the degree of dependence/independence
`between “limited memory space,” “limited processing capacity,”
`and “limited power”
`• Differs based on the technologies available at different times
`
`(Paper 23 at 13‐15; EX1033, pars. 15‐17; Nautilus, Inc. v. Biosig Instruments, Inc., 134 S. Ct. 2120, 2124 (2014); In re Packard,
`751 F.3d 1307, 1311 (Fed. Cir. 2014); Interval Licensing LLC v. AOL, Inc., 766 F.3d 1364, 1370‐71 (Fed. Cir. 2014))
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`Undisputed Deficiencies of Substitute Claims
`
`All substitute claims are unpatentable
`– All substitute claims are patent ineligible under 35
`U.S.C. 101
`– All substitute claims are indefinite
`– All substitute claims are obvious
`
`(Paper 23 at 8‐33; EX1033, pars. 15‐36)
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`All Substitute Claims Are Obvious
`
`The newly added features relating to “pervasive
`computing devices” and “pervasive output” were
`known, conventional technologies
`– “Systems, methods and computer program products are
`provided for modifying Web content files, such as HTML files,
`for display via pervasive computing devices that have smaller
`displays and various performance limitations compared with
`desktop computing devices” (Adams, Abstract)
`All substitute claims are obvious over prior art
`– Substitute claims 21‐35 are obvious over Anderson and
`Chang
`– Substitute claims 21‐35 are obvious over Anderson, Kammer,
`Ichikawa, Moghadam, and Adams
`
`(Paper 23 at 15‐33; EX1033, pars. 18‐36; Adams, Abstract)
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`All Substitute Claims Are Obvious
`
`Exemplary Added Limitations
`[21.b] the at least one wireless communication module is
`compliant, at least in part, with at least one protocol
`within IEEE 802.11 standards …
`[21.i] wherein the one or more pervasive computing
`devices have limited memory space, processing capacity,
`and power;
`[21.j] wherein the one or more pervasive computing
`devices pervasively output the digital content at the one
`or more output devices without depending on
`synchronizing the digital content with a stationary
`computing device for output of the digital content;
`[21.k] wherein the client device is at least a pervasive
`computing device,
`[21.l] the pervasive computing device is at least a mobile
`computing device.
`
`Prior Art Disclosures
`Anderson and Chang; or
`Anderson, Kammer, and
`Moghadam
`Chang; or
`Adams
`
`Chang; or
`Adams
`
`Anderson and Chang; or
`Anderson and Adams
`Chang; or
`Adams
`
`(Paper 23 at 19‐28; EX1033, pars. 18‐36; Anderson (EX1010); Kammer (EX1011); Ichikawa (EX1012); Chang (EX1013);
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`Moghadam (EX1035); Adams (EX1036))
`21
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`Chang is Prior Art Since Substitute Claims Lack
`Written Description Support in Priority Documents
`
`(Paper 23 at 16‐19)
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`PO’s Claim of Effective Filing Date Is Incorrect
`
`Priority Documents
`
`60/252,682
`Filed 11/20/2020
`
`PO’s Incorrect
`Effective Filing Date
`
`09/992,413
`Filed 11/18/2001
`Now US 9,965,233
`
`CON
`
`15/924,077
`Filed 03/16/2018
`Now US 10,303,411
`(issued 05/28/2019)
`’411 PATENT (EX1001)
`
`Correct Effective
`Filing Date
`
`(Paper 1 at 17 & n.5; Paper 23 at 19; Paper 7 at 2‐3, 13‐14; Paper 18 at 11; EX1001‐EX1004)
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`Server Output to Client Device Limitations Lack
`Written Description Support in Priority Documents
`
`Server Output to Client Device Limitations:
`generating, by the server software at the one or more servers, output data
`for providing to the client device,
`
`the client device being a separate and distinct device from the
`information apparatus and from the one or more servers; and
`
`providing, by the server software and via the at least one network
`communication interface of the one or more servers, at least part of the
`output data from the one or more servers to the client device for
`outputting or playing at least part of the digital content[[,]] that was
`captured by the digital camera of the information apparatus, at an output
`device associated with the client device, and
`
`(Paper 23 at 17; Paper 18, Claims Appendix, ii, iv‐vi, viii‐x)
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`Server Output to Client Device Limitations Lack
`Written Description Support in Priority Documents
`
`As claimed:
`
`Client device separate and
`distinct from the information
`apparatus and the server
`Server generates output data
`and provides it to the client
`device for outputting at the
`output device, NOT back to
`the information apparatus
`
`(Paper 23 at 16‐19; EX1033, pars. 12‐14; Paper 1 at 10‐13; EX1005, par. 43; Paper 18, Claims Appendix, ii, iv‐vi, viii‐x)
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`Server Output to Client Device Limitations Lack
`Written Description Support in Priority Documents
`
`But in the Priority Documents:
`Server generates output data
`and transmits it back to the
`information apparatus
`Information apparatus then
`transmits the output data to
`the output device
`
`(Paper 1 at 8‐9; Paper 23 at 17; EX1003, 71, 77, 55; EX1004, 50, 56, 44)
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`Server Output to Client Device Limitations Lack
`Written Description Support in Priority Documents
`
`Priority Documents
`do not describe a
`client device receiving
`the generated output
`data from the servers
`if the client device is
`separate and distinct
`from the information
`apparatus
`
`(EX1003, 54; EX1004, 43‐44; Paper 23 at 18‐19)
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`Server Output to Client Device Limitations Lack
`Written Description Support in Priority Documents
`
`All the limitations must be expressly disclosed to
`provide written description support
`– What is obvious is not sufficient for satisfying the
`written description requirement
`“While the meaning of terms, phrases, or diagrams in a disclosure is to
`be explained or interpreted from the vantage point of one skilled in the
`art, all the limitations must appear in the specification. The question is
`not whether a claimed invention is an obvious variant of that which is
`disclosed in the specification. Rather, a prior application itself must
`describe an invention, and do so in sufficient detail that one skilled in
`the art can clearly conclude that the inventor invented the claimed
`invention as of the filing date sought.”
`
`(Lockwood v. Am. Airlines, Inc., 107 F.3d 1565, 1572 (Fed. Cir. 1997); Paper 23 at 18‐19)
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`Server Output to Client Device Limitations Lack
`Written Description Support in Priority Documents
`
`Since the Server Output
`to Client Device
`Limitations lack written
`description support in
`the Priority Documents,
`the effective filing date
`of the substitute claims
`is March 16, 2018, the
`filing date of the ’077
`Application
`
`Priority Documents Lack
`Written Description
`Support
`
`Effective Filing Date
`
`60/252,682
`Filed 11/20/2020
`
`09/992,413
`Filed 11/18/2001
`Now US 9,965,233
`
`CON
`
`15/924,077
`Filed 03/16/2018
`Now US 10,303,411
`(issued 05/28/2019)
`’411 PATENT (EX1001)
`
`(Paper 23 at 16‐19; Paper 1 at 17 & n.5; EX1001‐EX1004)
`
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`Prior Art Status of Chang
`
`60/252,682
`Filed 11/20/2020
`
`Priority Documents
`Lack Written
`Description Support
`
`Effective Filing Date
`
`09/992,413
`Filed 11/18/2001
`Now US 9,965,233
`
`CON
`
`DIV
`
`12/204,695
`Filed 09/04/2008
`Now US 9,389,822
`(issued 07/12/2016)
`CHANG (EX1013)
`
`15/924,077
`Filed 03/16/2018
`Now US 10,303,411
`(issued 05/28/2019)
`’411 PATENT (EX1001)
`(Paper 23 at 16‐19; Paper 1 at 17 & n.5; EX1001‐EX1004; EX1013)
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`Prior Art Status of Chang
`
`35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1)
`NOVELTY; PRIOR ART.—A person shall be entitled to a patent unless—the
`claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in
`public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective
`filing date of the claimed invention
`
`35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)
`EXCEPTIONS.—(1)DISCLOSURES MADE 1 YEAR OR LESS BEFORE THE EFFECTIVE FILING DATE
`OF THE CLAIMED INVENTION.—A disclosure made 1 year or less before the
`effective filing date of a claimed invention shall not be prior art to the claimed
`invention under subsection (a)(1) if—
`(A)the disclosure was made by the inventor or joint inventor or by another
`who obtained the subject matter disclosed directly or indirectly from the
`inventor or a joint inventor; or
`(B)the subject matter disclosed had, before such disclosure, been publicly
`disclosed by the inventor or a joint inventor or another who obtained the
`subject matter disclosed directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint
`inventor.
`
`(Paper 23 at 19; Paper 1 at 7; Paper 7 at 15)
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`Unified Patents, LLC v. Pebble Tide LLC
`___
`
`Case No. PGR2020‐00011
`
`U.S. Patent 10,303,411
`___
`
`Petitioner’s Demonstratives for Oral Hearing
`
`Oral Hearing – April 14, 2021
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1038
`UNIFIED PATENTS, LLC v. PEBBLE TIDE LLC
`PGR2020-00011
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`Additional Slides
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1038
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`PO’s Proposed Substitute Claims
`(Claims 21‐35)
`
`(Paper 18, Claims Appendix)
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`Illustrative Substitute Claim – Claim 21
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`[21.a] A method for one or more pervasive computing devices to pervasively and
`directly output outputting digital content at one or more output devices, the method
`comprising:
`
`establishing, via at least one wireless communication module included in an
`information apparatus, a wireless communication connection with one or more
`servers over a network that includes the Internet,
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`[21.b] the at least one wireless communication module is compliant, at least in part,
`with at least one protocol within IEEE 802.11 standards for establishing the wireless
`communication connection, and
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`the one or more servers being separate and distinct devices from the information
`apparatus;
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1038
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`Illustrative Substitute Claim – Claim 21
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`transmitting, via the at least one wireless communication module included in the
`information apparatus, a device object that includes device information related to
`the information apparatus, from the information apparatus to the one or more
`servers over the established wireless communication connection;
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`capturing, using a digital camera included in the information apparatus, digital
`content;
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`providing, via the at least one wireless communication module of the information
`apparatus, the digital content that is captured by the digital camera of the
`information apparatus, from the information apparatus to the one or more servers,
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`wherein the one or more servers include at least one network communication
`interface, memory or storage for storing at least part of the digital content received
`from the information apparatus, and server software executable at the one or more
`servers; and wherein upon execution of the server software, the method further
`comprises:
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1038
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`PGR2020-00011
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`Illustrative Substitute Claim – Claim 21
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`receiving, by the server software at the one or more servers and via the at least
`one network communication interface, at least part of the digital content from the
`information apparatus;
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`storing, by the server software at the one or more servers, the at least part of the
`digital content, received by the server software, in the memory or storage of the
`one or more servers;
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`receiving, by the server software at the one or more servers, security information
`or authentication information from a client device for enabling the client device
`to access the at least part of the digital content that is stored by the server
`software in the memory or storage of the one or more servers,
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`[21.c] the security information or authentication information being related to a
`user of the client device, and
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1038
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`Illustrative Substitute Claim – Claim 21
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`the at least part of the digital content stored in the memory or storage of the one
`or more servers being captured by the digital camera of the information
`apparatus and received from the information apparatus, and
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`the client device being a separate and distinct device from the one or more
`servers and from the information apparatus;
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`generating, by the server software at the one or more servers, output data for
`providing to the client device,
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`the output data is related to at least part of the digital content received by the one
`or more servers from the information apparatus, and
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`the generating of the output data is related, at least in part, to at least a portion of
`the device object received by the one or more servers from the information
`apparatus, and
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1038
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`Illustrative Substitute Claim – Claim 21
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`the generating of the output data is subsequent to having received the security
`information or the authentication information from the client device for enabling
`the client device to access the at least part of the digital content stored in the
`memory or storage of the one or more servers,
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`the client device being a separate and distinct device from the information
`apparatus and from the one or more servers; and
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`providing, by the server software and via the at least one network communication
`interface of the one or more servers, at least part of the output data from the one
`or more servers to the client device for outputting or playing at least part of the
`digital content[[,]] that was captured by the digital camera of the information
`apparatus, at an output device associated with the client device, and
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`Illustrative Substitute Claim – Claim 21
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`[21.i] wherein the one or more pervasive computing devices have limited
`memory space, processing capacity, and power; and
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`[21.j] wherein the one or more pervasive computing devices pervasively
`output the digital content at the one or more output devices without depending
`on synchronizing the digital content with a stationary computing device for
`output of the digital content; and
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`[21.k] wherein the client device is at least a pervasive computing device, and
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`[21.l] the pervasive computing device is at least a mobile computing device.
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`(Paper 18, Claims Appendix, i‐iii; Paper 23 at 5‐7, 17‐19, 21‐24)
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`Claimed Subject Matters Differ from
`Disclosed Embodiments
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`(Paper 1 at 8‐14)
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`Disclosed Embodiments
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`Information apparatus linked
`with output device
`Information apparatus obtains
`an output device object from
`the output device
`Information apparatus
`transmits a composite
`message, including the output
`device object, to a server
`Server generates output data
`and transmits it back to the
`information apparatus
`Information apparatus
`transmits the output data to
`the output device
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`(Paper 1 at 8‐9; EX1005, pars. 36‐41; EX1001, Figure 1, 8:34‐42, 16:65‐17:10, 21:62‐22:13, 5:64‐67, 22:14‐30, 31:57‐32:8,
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`11:20‐46; see also EX1004, 50; EX1003, 71; EX1002, 148)
`42
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`UNIFIED PATENTS EXHIBIT 1038
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`Client Device – Disclosed Embodiments
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`E.g., no mention of a
`client device,
`separate
`and distinct
`from an
`information
`apparatus
`100,
`receiving output
`data from a server 110
`for outputting
`at
`an
`output device
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`(EX1001, 31:11‐34; Paper 1 at 11 n.4)
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`’411 Claims
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`[1.2] transmitting … a device object that includes device information
`related to the information apparatus, from the information apparatus
`to the one or more servers …;
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`[1.4] providing … the digital content … from the information
`apparatus to the one or more servers,
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`[1.11] generating, by the server software at the one or more servers,
`output data for providing to the client device,
`
`[1.15] the client device being a separate and distinct device from the
`information apparatus and from the one or more servers; and
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`[1.16] providing … at least part of the output data from the one or more
`servers to the client device for outputting or playing at least part of the digital
`content … at an output device associated with the client device.
`
`(Paper 1 at 10‐14, 107‐109; EX1001, 35:53‐58, 35:61‐65, 36:23‐27, 36:38‐49; see also Paper 18, Claims Appendix, i‐iii)
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`’411 Claims
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`Client device separate and
`distinct from the information
`apparatus and the server
`Output device associated with
`the client device, not with the
`information apparatus
`Information apparatus
`transmits a device object and
`digital content to the server
`Server generates output data
`and provides it to the client
`device for outputting at the
`output device, NOT back to
`the information apparatus
`
`(Paper 1 at 13; EX1005, par. 43)
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`Disclosed Embodiments v. ’411 Claims
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`(Paper 1 at 8‐13; EX1001, Figure 1; EX1005, par. 43; see also EX1004, 50; EX1003, 71; EX1002, 148)
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`UNIFIED PATENTS, LLC v. PEBBLE TIDE LLC
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