July 19, 1955
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`C. L. PETCH
`CARTRIDGE TYPE PACKING GLAND
`Filed July 18, 195l
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`2,713,522
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`477 oa/ays
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`Vulcan
`Ex. 1029
`Page 1 of 3
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`

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`United States Patent Office
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`2,713,522
`CARTRIDGE YPE PACKING GLAND
`Charles Lorenz Petch, Grosse Pointe, Mich,
`Application July 18, 1951, Seria No. 237,471
`1. Claim. (C. 388-3)
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`2,713,522
`Patented July 19, 1955
`2
`gland and piston rod assembly taken along the line 2-2
`of Fig. 1 showing in detail the respective parts comprising
`the assembly.
`Referring to these views, it will be seen that the cartridge
`assembly is an integral unit which may be installed and
`removed from a cylinder head 10 by grasping the project
`ing ears 1 of the snap ring 12 with a pliers or other suit
`able tool and collapsing the same into groove 13 formed
`in the wall of the cartridge shell 14, whereupon the entire
`cartridge assembly may be slipped into or out of the end
`of the cylinder head 10, the open-ended slot 15 in the
`cylinder head 10 being constructed to permit the passage
`of the snap ring ears 11 when the ring is in a collapsed
`state, and the outer diameter of the cartridge shell 14
`This invention relates to a cartridge type packing gland
`being provided with a slip fit relative to the bore of the
`for use in hydraulic and air cylinders to provide a seal
`cylinder head.
`between the piston rod and the cylinder head.
`The cartridge assembly comprises a main cartridge body
`Conventional packing glands are inserted directly be
`A, packing assembly B, bushing C, retainer ring D,
`tween the cylinder head and the piston rod, requiring the
`O sealing ring E, and a seal guard assembly F.
`individual packing elements to be separately inserted and
`The main cartridge body A is provided with a heavy
`removed in assembling or replacing the packing. The
`bearing section 16 having its inner wall formed with a bore
`present invention contemplates an integral cartridge type
`17 having a sliding fit with a piston rod 18, and having its
`packing gland assembly which may be inserted and re
`outer wall formed with a rectangular groove 19 adapted
`moved as a unitary complete assembly.
`to retain the O ring seal E. A second rectangular groove
`The advantages sought by this cartridge type assembly
`20 is adapted to accommodate the entire retainer snap
`are several. By enclosing the packing in a cartridge
`ring D when the latter is in its collapsed condition. A
`which may be readily installed and removed as a unit, the
`shoulder 21 is formed near the end of the cartridge body
`servicing of cylinders in replacement of packing may be
`greatly facilitated.
`which is adapted to abut against end 22 of the cylinder
`head 10. The outer wall 23 of the main cartridge body A
`In addition, one of the principal objects of the present
`is, as previously mentioned, dimensioned to provide a slip
`construction is to provide a protective bearing on either
`fit within the bore 24 of the cylinder head 10 and includes
`side of the packing within the cartridge assembly which
`an extended shell portion 14 to house the packing B and
`will serve as a guide for the piston rod on both sides of the
`the bushing C.
`packing in order to substantially eliminate any misalign
`The packing subassembly B proper may comprise any
`ment or deflection under load from working into the pack
`well-known or suitable packing elements. One type
`ing, thereby substantially increasing the efficiency and
`which is well adapted for use in the present cartridge
`life of the packing.
`assembly is that shown, comprising a plurality of babbitt
`Another object is to provide an O ring seal between the
`rings 25 which are split both transversely and radially,
`outer surface of the cartridge and the cylinder head, which
`the radial separations being located 180° apart in each
`opposed surfaces remain stationary relative to each other
`pair of ring elements and the closed inside diameter of the
`once the cartridge assembly is installed.
`ring elements being somewhat less than the diameter of
`Another object is to provide a snap ring retaining means
`the piston rod 18 in order to permit a degree of compres
`for holding the cartridge assembly in its proper longitudi
`sion and follow up from wear at the surface contacting
`nal position in the cylinder head with the ends of the snap
`the surface of the piston rod. A pair of molded neoprene
`ring exposed in order to further facilitate rapid initial
`backup rings 26 may be employed as a resilient backing
`assembly and installation of replacement cartridges.
`for the babbitt rings 25 urging them into a sealing contact
`A further object of the invention is to provide a shoulder
`with the Surface of the piston rod 18, while further neo
`in the outer cartridge shell for abutting engagement with
`prene rings 27 of rectangular cross-section may be em
`the end of the cylinder head, together with a tapered sur
`ployed at either end of the backup rings to support and
`face both in the snap ring and a cooperating groove in the
`apply end pressure against the backup rings 26. These
`cylinder head whereby expansion of the snap ring will
`latter rings are provided with internal diameter clearance
`force the shoulder of the cartridge into firm abutting
`relative to the piston rod 18 so that the only contacting
`engagement with the end of the cylinder head and thereby
`elements of the packing are the babbitt rings themselves.
`hold the cartridge firmly against any longitudinal play
`An extended bronze bushing C is housed within the
`or rotation as a result of reciprocal movement of the piston
`outer end of the shell 14 and is dimensioned longitudinally
`rod or any vibration imparted to the piston rod or cylinder
`to provide desired compression against the packing sub
`head.
`assembly so as to assure a desired initial back-up pressure
`Another object is to incorporate within the cartridge
`against the babbitt rings 25 to assure proper functioning
`assembly a seal guard scraper which will, when the piston
`of the resilient elements in the packing in continuing to
`rod is retracted into the cylinder, clean off any dirt or
`60
`apply radial pressure against the babbitt rings as they wear
`foreign particles which may become attached to the ex
`with continued use, thereby to insure maximum life of
`posed surface of the piston rod in its outer position,
`the packing. The inside diameter 28 of the bushing ele
`thereby preventing any such dirt particles from moving
`ment C is dimensioned to provide a sliding bearing fit with
`into wearing contact with the packing.
`the piston rod 18, and such bushing is held in desired
`These and other objects will appear more clearly from
`assembled position against the packing B by a simple snap
`the following detailed description of a particular embodi
`ring 29 which engages the outer end of the bushing C and
`ment of my invention and from an examination of the
`drawings forming a part thereof wherein:
`is retained by a groove 30 formed in the outer end of the
`shell 14.
`Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a complete cylinder
`The extended bearing surface of this bushing, together
`assembly showing the end of the cartridge type packing
`with the extended bearing surface of the main body of the
`70
`gland in assembled position within the cylinder head; and
`cartridge on the other side of the packing, form a highly
`Fig. 2 is a sectional view through the cylinder head,
`important feature of the present construction in serving as
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`Vulcan
`Ex. 1029
`Page 2 of 3
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`a firm extended guide for the piston rod 18 which com
`pletely protects the packing seal against wear through
`deflection or misalignment, as distinguished from the con
`ventional gland wherein little or no bearing surface is
`provided outside of the packing. In practice, this feature
`has been found to multiply the life of the packing by sev
`eral times in typical operations.
`Since, after assembly, the main cartridge body A com
`prises a stationary element relative to the cylinder head 10,
`the simple neoprene O ring seal E provides an effective
`seal against leakage between the cylinder head and car
`tridge body. In order to insure the extended life of such
`seal throughout the life of the packing, it is essential that
`the cartridge body be held firmly against any longitudinal
`or rotative play relative to the cylinder head during opera
`tion of the piston which, if permitted, would rapidly in
`duce destructive wear with respect to the sealing properties
`of the O-ring. Accordingly, a Snap ring D has been en
`ployed which has a tapered surface 3 adapted to engage
`with flush contact a cooperating tapered surface 32 formed
`in the groove 33 in the cylinder head in order to wedge the
`shoulder 21 of the cartridge body against the end 29 of the
`cylinder head in response to the expansion of the snap
`ring D upon release of the ears 11 of such ring after
`insertion of the cartridge assembly within the cylinder
`head. Radial clearance is provided in the groove 33 rela
`tive to the outermost position of the ring D as well as
`clearance at the inner side surface of the groove 33 in
`order to permit the full wedging action of the tapered ring
`to take place notwithstanding practicable manufacturing .
`tolerances in the ring groove shoulder and longitudinal
`dimensions. Such wedging action induced by the stressed
`condition in the ring assure positive longitudinal location
`of the cartridge body relative to the cylinder head and
`prevents any drag from reciprocating action of the piston
`rod, or vibration, or any other forces from producing
`movement of the packing cartridge relative to the cylinder
`head. In the outer exposed end of the cartridge body A, a
`recess 34 is provided to accommodate a seal guard scraper
`F, which consists of one or more radially split conical
`scraping elements 35 resiliently held in scraping contact
`with the piston rod 18 by a resilient neoprene ring 36
`adapted to bear against the scraper elements 35 and re
`tained in assembled position by a lip 37 formed in the
`extreme end of the recess.
`From the above description it will be readily understood
`that the complete cartridge packing assembly may be pre
`assembled as an integral unit and readily installed by
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`2,713,522
`4.
`merely sliding the cartridge assembly over the end of the
`piston rod 38, the tapered surface 39 expanding the pre
`loaded babbitt rings 25; then, with ears at held together
`by pliers or suitable tool pressing the ring D into the
`groove 13, the entire assembly may be slid into the cylin
`der head, whereupon release of the snap ring ears
`will
`permit expansion of the ring into the groove 33 in the
`cylinder head, with the wedging action previously de
`scribed positively and solidly locating the cartridge
`packing gland.
`While a particular enbodiment of our invention has
`been described above in detail, it will be understood that
`numerous modifications of the various component parts
`might be resorted to without departing from the scope of
`the invention as defined in the following claim.
`I claim:
`In a pressure cylinder having a cylinder head and a
`piston rod adapted to pass therethrough, an integral car
`fridge packing gland interposed between said cylinder
`head and said piston rod having an outer surface adapted
`to be seated in Said cylinder head, and inner bearing and
`packing portions adapted respectively to guide said piston
`rod and Seal against the escape of fluid along the surface
`thereof, a resilient sealing ring on the outer surface of
`Said gland adapted to sealingly engage said cylinder head,
`an annular flange at the end of said gland adapted to
`engage the end of said cylinder head, opposed cooperating
`grooves in the outer surface of said gland and the adjacent
`Surface of Said cylinder head intermediate said sealing
`ring and said flange, a tapered surface on the side wall
`of one of Said grooves and a tapered snap ring adapted to
`Seat against Said tapered surface and force the end of said
`tage into abutting contact with the end of said cylinder
`head.
`References Cited in the file of this patent
`UNITED STATES PATENTS
`Hanna ----------------- Apr. 21, 1914
`Brouse ------------------ Sept. 9, 1924
`Sharp ------------------ Aug. 13, 1935
`Harris ----------------- Aug. 18, 1936
`Hamilton -------------- Mar. 30, 1937
`Knoth ----------------- Aug. 20, 1940
`Mercier ----------------- Dec. 4, 1945
`Sterrett ------------------ Jan. 3, 1950
`Kasten ----------------- May 23, 1950
`Stephens --------------- Dec. 12, 1950
`Monahan --------------- June 19, 1951
`Hallstrand --------------- Oct. 2, 1951
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`1,093,620
`1,507,575
`2,011,304
`2,051,704
`2,075,645
`2,211,898
`2,390,445
`2,493,602
`2,509,151
`2,533,531
`2,557,835
`2,570,117
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`Vulcan
`Ex. 1029
`Page 3 of 3
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