`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`____________________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`____________________
`
`VOLTSERVER INC.
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.
`Patent Owner
`
`____________________
`
`Patent No. 10,735,105
`____________________
`
`DECLARATION OF DAVID A. DURFEE, PH.D.
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 1 of 340
`
`VOLTSERVER EXHIBIT 1002
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`B.
`C.
`
`
`I.
`INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
`BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS ................................................ 2
`II.
`SUMMARY OF OPINIONS .......................................................................... 6
`III.
`IV. PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART ....................................... 10
`V.
`TECHNICAL BACKGROUND .................................................................. 11
`A.
`Electrical Fundamentals ..................................................................... 11
`1.
`Flow of Electricity ................................................................... 11
`2.
`Electrical Components ............................................................. 14
`3.
`Electrical Circuits ..................................................................... 16
`Communication Fundamentals ........................................................... 20
`Power Distribution Fundamentals ...................................................... 21
`1.
`Power Conversion .................................................................... 21
`2.
`Distribution .............................................................................. 21
`3.
`Pulsed Power ............................................................................ 22
`D. Human and Animal Safety ................................................................. 22
`VI. OVERVIEW OF THE ’105 PATENT ......................................................... 24
`VII. OVERVIEW OF THE PRIOR ART ............................................................ 35
`A. Overview of Eaves-543 (Ex. 1006) .................................................... 35
`B.
`Overview of Chawgo (Ex. 1009) ....................................................... 46
`C.
`Overview of Torello (Ex. 1010) ......................................................... 49
`D. Overview of Mlyniec (Ex. 1013) ........................................................ 55
`E.
`Overview of EavesIEEE (Ex. 1014) .................................................. 58
`F.
`Overview of Mather (Ex. 1015) ......................................................... 60
`G. Overview of Baldwin (Ex. 1011) ....................................................... 65
`VIII. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ......................................................................... 68
`A.
`“Low Voltage” (Claim 1, 4, 13, 17, 29, 35) and “High Voltage”
`(Claims 1, 3, 7-10, 14, 15, 21, 23-26, 28, 35) .................................... 68
`i
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 2 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`
`IX. A POSITA WOULD NOT HAVE UNDERSTOOD THE SCOPE OF
`CLAIMS 1-5, 7-31, and 33-35 OF THE ’105 PATENT WITH
`REASONABLE CERTAINTY .................................................................... 68
`A.
`Claims 1-5, 7-31, and 33-35 ............................................................... 68
`B.
`Claim 15 ............................................................................................. 76
`[15.a] “A method comprising:” .......................................................... 76
`[15.b] “testing at power sourcing equipment comprising a
`power and data source, a power circuit between the
`power sourcing equipment and a powered device upon
`startup of the powered device and determining that the
`power circuit is operable to receive high voltage direct
`current (HVDC) pulse power;” ................................................ 76
`[15.c] “delivering the HVDC pulse power from the power
`sourcing equipment to the powered device over a cable
`delivering the HVDC pulse power and optical data;” ............. 76
`[15.d] “testing at the power sourcing equipment, the power
`circuit between the power sourcing equipment and the
`powered device between high voltage pulses; and” ................ 76
`[15.e] “communicating at the power sourcing equipment, with
`the powered device over the cable to identify an
`operating mode at the powered device based on said
`testing;” .................................................................................... 76
`[15.f] “wherein the HVDC pulse power and the optical data are
`received at an optical
`transceiver module at
`the
`power[ed] device.” ................................................................... 76
`Claim 21 ............................................................................................. 78
`“The method of claim 15 wherein a time between said testing
`between the high voltage pulses is approximately 1
`millisecond.” ............................................................................ 78
`Claim 34 ............................................................................................. 80
`
`C.
`
`D.
`
`
`
`
`
`ii
`
`
`
`Page 3 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`
`
`X.
`
`c)
`
`d)
`
`“The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the power module is
`operable to calculate droop voltage for use in fault
`sensing.” ................................................................................... 80
`THE PRIOR ART DISCLOSES OR SUGGESTS ALL OF THE
`FEATURES OF CLAIMS 1, 2, 4-26, 28-30, and 32-35 OF THE ’105
`PATENT ....................................................................................................... 81
`A.
`Eaves-543 in View of Chawgo Discloses or Suggests the
`Features of Claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 7-12, 14-18, 23-26, 28-29, and 34-
`35 ........................................................................................................ 81
`1.
`Claim 1 ..................................................................................... 81
`a)
`[1.a] “A method comprising:” .................................... 81
`b)
`[1.b] “receiving electrical power at an optical
`transceiver module at a remote network device
`on a cable delivering power on an electrical
`wire and data on an optical fiber from a central
`network device;” .......................................................... 82
`[1.c] “operating the remote network device in a
`low voltage mode during fault sensing at the
`remote network device;” ........................................... 103
`[1.d] “transmitting on the cable, a data signal to
`the central network device, said data signal
`indicating an operating status based on said
`fault sensing; and” ..................................................... 121
`[1.e] “receiving high voltage power from the
`central network device on the cable at the
`remote network device upon transmitting an
`indication of a safe operating status, wherein
`the remote network device is powered by the
`high voltage power;” ................................................. 127
`[1.f] “wherein the high voltage power comprises
`high voltage pulse power and wherein said fault
`sensing is performed between pulses.” .................... 134
`
`e)
`
`f)
`
`
`
`
`
`iii
`
`
`
`Page 4 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`5.
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`b)
`
`Claim 2 ................................................................................... 137
`a)
`[2.a] “The method of claim 1
`further
`comprising auto-negotiating with the central
`network device to identify a type of power to
`apply at the remote network device and”................ 137
`[2.b] “applying a digital interlock setting a
`power mode of operation at the remote network
`device.” ........................................................................ 142
`Claim 4 ................................................................................... 146
`a)
`“The method of claim 1 wherein operating the
`remote network device in a low voltage mode
`comprises operating the remote network device
`in a low voltage mode during startup.” ................... 146
`Claim 5 ................................................................................... 147
`a)
`“The method of claim 1 wherein said fault
`sensing performed between
`the pulses
`comprises fault sensing a power circuit at the
`remote network device between the pulses.” .......... 147
`Claim 7 ................................................................................... 151
`a)
`“The method of claim 1 wherein the high
`voltage power comprises unipolar pulse power.” ... 151
`Claim 8 ................................................................................... 152
`a)
`“The method of claim 1 wherein the high
`voltage power comprises bipolar pulse power.” ..... 152
`Claim 9 ................................................................................... 153
`a)
`“The method of claim 1 wherein the high
`voltage power is at least 100 watts and the
`remote network device is located at a distance
`greater than 100 meters.” ......................................... 153
`Claim 10 ................................................................................. 160
`
`iv
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 5 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`a)
`
`9.
`
`“The method of claim 1 wherein the high
`voltage pulse power comprises high voltage
`direct current load pulse power at a power level
`greater than 100 watts.” ............................................ 160
`Claim 11 ................................................................................. 162
`a)
`“The method of claim 1 wherein the data signal
`indicating an operating status comprises a data
`communications signal on the optical fiber.” .......... 162
`10. Claim 12 ................................................................................. 163
`a)
`“The method of claim 1 wherein the high
`voltage power comprises the pulses at a voltage
`of at least 250 volts and off time between the
`pulses at a lower voltage.” ......................................... 163
`11. Claim 14 ................................................................................. 167
`a)
`[14.a] “The method of claim 1 wherein said
`testing performed between the high voltage
`pulses comprises line-to-line resistance testing
`during an off time between the high voltage
`pulses.” ........................................................................ 167
`12. Claim 15 ................................................................................. 170
`a)
`[15.a] “A method comprising:” ................................ 170
`b)
`[15.b] “testing at power sourcing equipment
`comprising a power and data source, a power
`circuit between the power sourcing equipment
`and a powered device upon startup of the
`powered device and determining that the power
`circuit is operable to receive high voltage direct
`current (HVDC) pulse power;” ................................ 170
`[15.c] “delivering the HVDC pulse power from
`the power sourcing equipment to the powered
`device over a cable delivering the HVDC pulse
`power and optical data;” ........................................... 174
`
`c)
`
`v
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 6 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`d)
`
`e)
`
`f)
`
`sourcing
`the power
`[15.d] “testing at
`equipment, the power circuit between the
`power sourcing equipment and the powered
`device between high voltage pulses; and” ............... 175
`[15.e] “communicating at the power sourcing
`equipment, with the powered device over the
`cable to identify an operating mode at the
`powered device based on said testing;” ................... 176
`[15.f] “wherein the HVDC pulse power and the
`optical data are received at an optical
`transceiver module at the power[ed] device.” ......... 178
`13. Claim 16 ................................................................................. 179
`a)
`[16.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein
`communicating with
`the powered device
`comprises performing auto-negotiation between
`the power sourcing equipment and the powered
`device on the cable.” .................................................. 179
`14. Claim 17 ................................................................................. 180
`a)
`[17.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein testing
`comprises low voltage sensing of the powered
`device and the cable to check for line-to-line
`faults.” ......................................................................... 180
`15. Claim 18 ................................................................................. 182
`a)
`[18.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein said
`determining that the power circuit is operable
`to receive the HVDC pulse power comprises
`receiving an indication that the powered device
`is operational before delivering the HVDC pulse
`power.” ........................................................................ 182
`16. Claim 23 ................................................................................. 183
`
`vi
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 7 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`a)
`
`[23.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein a width
`of each of the pulses of the high voltage pulse
`power is proportional to a direct current line-
`to-line voltage to provide a touch-safe fault
`protection.” ................................................................. 183
`17. Claim 24 ................................................................................. 186
`a)
`[24.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein said
`testing comprises a pulse-to-pulse decision for
`touch-safe
`line-to-line
`fault
`interrogation
`between the high voltage pulses for safety.” ........... 186
`18. Claim 25 ................................................................................. 188
`a)
`[25.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein the
`high voltage pulse power comprises pulse-on
`time during the high voltage pulses and pulse-
`off time between each of the high voltage pulses,
`wherein said testing is performed during said
`pulse-off time.” ........................................................... 188
`19. Claim 26 ................................................................................. 190
`a)
`[26.a] “An apparatus comprising:” .......................... 190
`b)
`[26.b] “an optical interface for receiving from a
`power and data source, optical signals on an
`optical fiber in a power and data cable at an
`interface module;” ..................................................... 191
`[26.c] “an electrical interface for receiving from
`the power and data source, high voltage pulse
`power on an electrical wire in the power and
`data cable at the interface module for powering
`the apparatus in a high power mode greater
`than 100 watts; and” .................................................. 204
`
`c)
`
`vii
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 8 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`d)
`
`[26.d] “a power module for testing a power
`circuit during an off time between high voltage
`pulses and delivering a signal indicating an
`operating status of the power circuit over the
`power and data cable to the combined power
`and data source.” ....................................................... 214
`20. Claim 28 ................................................................................. 226
`a)
`[28.a] “The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the
`apparatus
`comprises
`a powered device
`configured for operation with the power and
`data source in a point-to-point connection with
`the combined power and data source delivering
`high voltage power of at least 100 watts.” ............... 226
`21. Claim 29 ................................................................................. 228
`a)
`[29.a] “The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the
`power module comprises a low voltage sensing
`circuit for identifying faults in the apparatus.” ...... 228
`22. Claim 34 ................................................................................. 232
`a)
`[34.a] “The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the
`power module is operable to calculate droop
`voltage for use in fault sensing.” .............................. 232
`23. Claim 35 ................................................................................. 234
`a)
`[35.a] “A method comprising:” ................................ 234
`b)
`[35.b] “receiving low voltage power at an
`interface module at a remote network device on
`a cable delivering power and optical data from
`a central network device;” ........................................ 234
`[35.c] “transmitting on the cable, a signal to the
`central network device indicating that the
`remote network device is operable to receive
`high voltage pulse power; and” ................................ 237
`
`c)
`
`viii
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 9 of 340
`
`

`

`d)
`
`e)
`
`[35.d] “receiving the high voltage pulse power
`from the central network device on the cable at
`the remote network device upon transmitting
`said signal, wherein the remote network device
`is powered by the high voltage pulse power;” ........ 240
`[35.e] “wherein testing of a power circuit
`between the central network device and the
`remote network device for faults is performed
`during an off time between high voltage pulses
`of the high voltage pulse power.” ............................. 244
`Eaves-543 in View of Chawgo and Torello Discloses or
`Suggests the Features of Claim 20 ................................................... 248
`1.
`Claim 20 ................................................................................. 248
`a)
`[20.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein the
`power is pulsed at high power for a duty cycle
`of between 90% and 95%.” ...................................... 248
`Eaves-543 in View of Chawgo and Baldwin Discloses or
`Suggests the Features of Claims 22 and 30 ...................................... 253
`1.
`Claim 22 ................................................................................. 253
`a)
`[22.a] “The method of claim 15 further
`comprising
`providing
`a
`high-resistance
`midpoint ground to provide touch-safe line-to-
`ground protection.” ................................................... 253
`Claim 30 ................................................................................. 261
`a)
`[30.a] “The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the
`power circuit comprises a high-resistance
`midpoint ground circuit for providing ground-
`fault-detection and ground-fault-isolation.” ........... 261
`Eaves-543 in View of Chawgo and Mlyniec Discloses or
`Suggests the Features of Claim 33 ................................................... 270
`1.
`Claim 33 ................................................................................. 270
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`B.
`
`C.
`
`D.
`
`2.
`
`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`ix
`
`
`
`Page 10 of 340
`
`

`

`
`
`E.
`
`F.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`[33.a] “The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the
`power module is operable to discharge cable
`capacitance upon fault detection.” ........................... 270
`Eaves-543 in View of Chawgo and EavesIEEE Discloses or
`Suggests the Features of Claims 9, 19, and 21 ................................. 275
`1.
`Claim 9 ................................................................................... 275
`a)
`[9.a] “The method of claim 1 wherein the high
`voltage power is at least 100 watts and the
`remote network device is located at a distance
`greater than 100 meters.” ......................................... 275
`Claim 19 ................................................................................. 280
`a)
`[19.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein the
`powered device is located at least 1000 meters
`from the power sourcing equipment and the
`HVDC power comprises at least 100 watts at
`peak pulse power.” .................................................... 280
`Claim 21 ................................................................................. 283
`a)
`[21.a] “The method of claim 15 wherein a time
`between said testing between the high voltage
`pulses is approximately 1 millisecond.” ................... 283
`Eaves-543 in View of Chawgo, Mlyniec, and Mather Discloses
`or Suggests the Features of Claims 1, 2, 4-14, 32, and 35 ............... 289
`1.
`Claim 1 ................................................................................... 289
`2.
`Claims 2, 4, 5, 7-12, 14 .......................................................... 304
`3.
`Claim 6 ................................................................................... 305
`a)
`[6.a] “The method of claim 1 wherein the low
`voltage mode operates at less than 60 volts and
`the high voltage pulse power comprises high
`voltage pulses of at least 250 volts.” ......................... 305
`Claim 13 ................................................................................. 306
`
`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`a)
`
`4.
`
`
`
`
`
`x
`
`
`
`Page 11 of 340
`
`

`

`
`
`5.
`
`G.
`
`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`a)
`
`b)
`
`[13.a] “The method of claim 1 wherein said
`fault sensing performed with
`the remote
`network device in said low voltage mode is
`performed at a different voltage than said fault
`sensing performed between the pulses.” .................. 306
`Claim 32 ................................................................................. 310
`a)
`[32.a] “The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the
`low voltage comprises 60 volts or less and” ............ 310
`[32.b] “the high voltage pulses comprise power
`delivered from the combined power and data
`source at 300 volts or higher.” .................................. 322
`Claims 26, 28-31, 33-35 ......................................................... 325
`6.
`Eaves-543 in View of Chawgo, EavesIEEE, Mlyniec, and
`Mather Discloses or Suggests the Features of Claim 9 ................... 327
`1.
`Claim 9 ................................................................................... 327
`a)
`[9.a] “The method of claim 1 wherein the high
`voltage power is at least 100 watts and the
`remote network device is located at a distance
`greater than 100 meters.” ......................................... 327
`XI. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................... 328
`
`
`
`
`
`
`xi
`
`
`
`Page 12 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`
`I, David A. Durfee, declare as follows:
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`1.
`Bay Computer Associates, Inc. (“BCA”) has been retained by
`
`VoltServer Inc. (Petitioner”) to provide my services as an independent expert
`
`consultant in this post-grant review (PGR) proceeding before the United States
`
`Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) regarding U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105 (“the
`
`’105 patent”). I have been asked to consider whether certain references disclose or
`
`suggest the features recited in claims 1, 2, 4-26, 28-30, and 32-35 of the ’105
`
`patent, and whether the ’105 patent would have reasonably informed a person of
`
`ordinary skill in the art (as I describe below in Section IV) about the scope of
`
`certain claim terms of claims 1-5, 7-31, and 33-35 of the ’105 patent. My opinions
`
`are set forth below.
`
`2. My services are being billed to VoltServer by BCA on an hourly
`
`basis. My compensation is in no way contingent on the nature of my findings, the
`
`presentation of my findings in testimony, or the outcome of this or any other
`
`proceeding. I have no other interest in this proceeding.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`1
`
`
`
`Page 13 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`
`II. BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS
`3.
`I am the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Scientist, and co-founder of
`
`Bay Computer Associates, Inc. (“BCA”) and an Adjunct Professor for the Division
`
`of Engineering at Brown University. Below, I provide a summary of selected
`
`pertinent aspects of my technical background and qualifications. Additional details
`
`are provided in my curriculum vitae, which I understand is submitted as Exhibit
`
`1003 in this proceeding.
`
`4.
`
`I received my undergraduate and graduate degrees from Brown
`
`University. In 1992, I received a Ph.D. for studies in electrical engineering and
`
`computer science at Brown University. My graduate research focused on the use
`
`of very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. Before that, I received a master’s
`
`degree in computer science, for which my research focused on computer
`
`architectures and integrated circuits, and my bachelor’s degree in electrical
`
`engineering, both also from Brown University.
`
`5.
`
`I have been teaching and conducting research in the areas of electrical
`
`engineering and computer science for over twenty years. For example, I have been
`
`an adjunct professor for the University of Rhode Island Computer Science
`
`Department and Brown University’s Computer Science Department. I have taught
`
`
`
`
`
`2
`
`
`
`Page 14 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`various courses spanning several aspects of electrical engineering and computer
`
`science, including:
`
`(cid:120) Communications (from a computer science point of view);
`(cid:120) Communications (from an electrical engineering point of view);
`(cid:120) Digital Electronics Design;
`(cid:120) Analog Electronics Design;
`(cid:120) Product Design;
`(cid:120) Medical Product Design;
`(cid:120) Embedded systems design.
`
`6.
`
`I have extensive commercial design experience. Before co-founding
`
`BCA, I worked for Motorola Corporation (I discuss examples of such work
`
`below), several start-up companies, and served on the technical staff at Brown
`
`University. My experience spans a variety of areas, including digital design,
`
`analog design, Unix systems programming, and embedded systems programming.
`
`Since co-founding BCA in 1990, I have designed and managed the design of
`
`dozens of products. I have experience in electrical installation and distribution
`
`methods. For example, I was formerly a licensed Journeyman Electrician in the
`
`State of Rhode Island.
`
`7.
`
`In my 43 year engineering career as an employee and a contractor, I
`
`have been the design authority for hundreds of products including consumer,
`
`
`
`
`
`3
`
`
`
`Page 15 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`commercial, medical, industrial, and laboratory and a design engineer for many
`
`more. My activities in those capacities included analog and digital electronics
`
`design, firmware design, software design and systems design. Some relevant
`
`products that I worked on include:
`
`(cid:120) Arc Fault Current Interrupter (AFCI) – Tower Manufacturing
`(cid:120) Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) – Tower Manufacturing
`(cid:120) Leakage Current Detector and
`Interrupter
`(LCDI) – Tower
`Manufacturing
`(cid:120) Management and power distribution equipment for physical locations
`and vehicles (charging) – Vcharge Inc. (I am listed as an inventor on
`U.S. Patent No. 8,768,528 (Ex. 1025), “Electrical thermal storage with
`edge-of-network tailored energy delivery systems and methods,”
`relating to my work at VCharge)
`(cid:120) Analog Security Phone – Ramtel Corporation
`(cid:120) Land Line Communications Transceiver Equipment – Motorola
`Corporation
`(cid:120) Land Line Communications Router Equipment – Motorola
`Corporation
`(cid:120) Cable Router Equipment – Motorola
`(cid:120) Cable Modem – Motorola
`(cid:120) Redundant AC/DC power supply – Motorola
`(cid:120) Ethernet enabled devices – various
`(cid:120) Optical communications electronics design – KLA-Tencor
`(cid:120) Defibrillator – Zoll Medical, Cadent Medical
`4
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Page 16 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`
`(cid:120) Electrocardiogram (ECG) – Zoll Medical, Vectracor
`(cid:120) Electroencephalogram (EEG) – CRE Medical
`(cid:120) Power monitoring for Mine equipment – Apollo
`(cid:120) Power supplies for various medical and industrial devices - Zoll
`Medical, KLA-Tencor, Superior
`
`8. My experience includes work on products and technologies that have
`
`received widespread industry acceptance. For example, I designed electronics for
`
`joint research between Dr. W. A. Tacker, a research physician with Purdue
`
`University’s Biomedical Engineering Center, and Zoll Medical that resulted in Zoll
`
`Medical being the first company to receive FDA clearance for the biphasic
`
`waveform that has now become the standard of care.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`5
`
`
`
`Page 17 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`
`III. SUMMARY OF OPINIONS1
`9.
`The opinions contained in this Declaration are based on the
`
`documents I reviewed, my professional judgment, as well as my education,
`
`experience, and knowledge regarding electronics and electrical design, including in
`
`the context of power and data delivery. In forming my opinions expressed in this
`
`Declaration, I reviewed the ’105 patent (Ex. 1001); the file history of the ’105
`
`patent (Ex. 1004); U.S. Patent No. 10,541,543 (“Eaves-543”) (Ex. 1006); U.S.
`
`Patent No. 8,781,637 (“Eaves-637”) (Ex. 1007); U.S. Patent No. 9,419,436
`
`(“Eaves-436”) (Ex. 1008); U.S. Patent Publication No. 2016/0294568 (“Chawgo”)
`
`(Ex. 1009); U.S. Patent Publication No. 2018/0098201 (“Torello”) (Ex. 1010);
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,638,008 (“Baldwin”) (Ex. 1011); U.S. Patent Publication No.
`
`2018/0313886 (“Mlyniec”) (Ex. 1013); Eaves, S. S., “Network Remote Powering
`
`Using Packet Energy Transfer, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on
`
`Telecommunications Energy (INTELEC) 2012, Scottsdale, AZ, September 30-
`
`October 4, 2012 (IEEE 2012) (“EavesIEEE”) (Ex. 1014); U.S. Patent Publication
`
`
`1 My citations to non-patent publications are to the original page numbers of such
`
`publications, and my citations to U.S. Patents are to the column:line number or
`
`paragraph number of the patents or published patent applications, as applicable.
`
`
`
`
`
`6
`
`
`
`Page 18 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`No. 2019/0280895 (“Mather”) (Ex. 1015); Edelstein S., Updated 2016 Tesla
`
`Model S also gets new 75-kWh battery option (June 19, 2016), archived June 19,
`
`2016
`
`by
`
`Internet
`
`Archive
`
`Wayback
`
`machine
`
`at
`
`https://web.archive.org/web/20160619001148/https://www.greencarreports.com/ne
`
`ws/1103782_updated-2016-tesla-model-s-also-gets-new-75-kwh-battery-option
`
`(“Edelstein”) (Ex. 1018); NFPA 70 National Electrical Code, 2017 Edition
`
`(“NEC”) (Ex. 1019); U.S. Patent No. 7,566,987 (“Black”) (Ex. 1020); International
`
`Standard IEC 62368-1 Edition 2.0 (2014), ISBN 978-2-8322-1405-3 (“IEC-
`
`62368”) (Ex. 1021); International Standard IEC/TS 60479-1 Edition 4.0 (2005),
`
`ISBN 2-8318-8096-3 (“IEC-60479”) (Ex. 1022); International Standard IEC
`
`60950-1 Edition 2.2 (2013), ISBN 978-2-8322-0820-5 (“IEC-60950”) (Ex. 1023);
`
`International Standard IEC 60947-1 Edition 5.0 (2014), ISBN 978-2-8322-1798-6
`
`(“IEC-60947”) (Ex. 1024); U.S. Patent No. 8,768,528 (“Millar”) (Ex. 1025); U.S.
`
`Patent No. 10,263,526 (“Sandusky”) (Ex. 1026); Tanenbaum, A. S., Computer
`
`Networks, Third Edition (1996) (“Tanenbaum”) (Ex. 1027); Stallings, W., Data
`
`and Computer Communications, Fourth Edition (1994) (“Stallings”) (Ex. 1028);
`
`Alexander, C. K., Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, Indian Edition (2013)
`
`(“Alexander”) (Ex. 1029); Hall, S. H., High-Speed Digital System Design, A
`
`Handbook of Interconnect Theory and Design Practices (2000) (“Hall”) (Ex.
`
`
`
`
`
`7
`
`
`
`Page 19 of 340
`
`

`

`Declaration of David A. Durfee, Ph.D.
`U.S. Patent No. 10,735,105
`
`
`1030); Sedra, A. S., Microelectronic Circuits, Seventh Edition (2014) (“Sedra”)
`
`(Ex. 1031); Lathi, B. P., Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems,
`
`Fourth Edition (2009) (“Lathi”) (Ex. 1032); Understanding 802.3at PoE Plus
`
`Standard Increases Available Power (June 2011), archived September 13, 2015 by
`
`Internet Archive Wayback Machine at
`
`https://web.archive.org/web/20150913184430/https://www.microsemi.com/docum
`
`ent-portal/doc_view/24-understanding-ieee802-3at-poeplus
`
`(“Microsemi”)
`
`(Ex.
`
`1033); and any other materials I refer to in this Declaration in support of my
`
`opinions.
`
`10. My opinions have also been guided by my appreciation of how a
`
`person of ordinary skill in the art would have understood t