BS EN
`826 : 1996
`
`|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
`
`BRITISH STANDARD
`
`Thermal insulating products
`for building applications (cid:209)
`Determination of compression
`behaviour
`
`The European Standard EN 826 : 1996 has the status of a
`British Standard
`
`ICS 91.120.10
`
`NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 1
`
`

`

`BS EN 826 : 1996
`
`Committees responsible for this
`British Standard
`
`The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee
`B/540, Energy performance of materials, components and buildings, to
`Subcommittee B/540/1, European Standards for thermal insulation, upon which the
`following bodies were represented:
`
`Association for the Conservation of Energy
`Association of Building Component Manufacturers
`Association of Lightweight Aggregate Manufacturers
`Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Products Association
`Brick Development Association
`British Rigid Urethane Foam Manufacturers’ Association
`British Vermiculite Association
`Building Employers’ Confederation
`Cavity Foam Bureau
`Chartered Institute of Building
`Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers
`Concrete Block Association
`Cork Industry Federation
`Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment)
`Department of the Environment (Construction Directorate)
`Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory)
`Eurisol (UK Mineral Wool Association)
`European Phenolic Foam Association
`National House-building Council
`Royal Institute of British Architects
`Thermal Insulation Manufacturers’ and Suppliers’ Association (TIMSA)
`Thermal Insulations Contractors’ Association
`Wood Wool Slab Manufacturers’ Association
`
`This British Standard, having
`been prepared under the
`direction of the Sector Board for
`Building and Civil Engineering,
`was published under the
`authority of the Standards Board
`and comes into effect on
`15 December 1996
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`The following BSI references
`relate to the work on this
`standard:
`Committee reference B/540/1
`Draft for comment 92/17672 DC
`
`ISBN 0 580 26264 2
`
`Amendments issued since publication
`
`Amd. No.
`
`Date
`
`Text affected
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 2
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`Committees responsible
`National foreword
`
`Foreword
`Text of EN 826
`
`BS EN 826 : 1996
`
`Page
`Inside front cover
`ii
`
`2
`4
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`i
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 3
`
`

`

`BS EN 826 : 1996
`
`National foreword
`
`This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee B/540/1 and is the English
`language version of EN 826 : 1996 Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps cvjmejoh
`bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210) Efufsnjobujpo pg dpnqsfttjpo cfibwjpvs published by the European
`Committee for Standardization (CEN).
`
`EN 826 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the
`United Kingdom took an active part.
`
`This British Standard is one of several general test methods for thermal insulating
`products for building applications, the EN versions of which are being prepared in
`CEN/TC 88. This British Standard will be implemented in the United Kingdom, and all
`conflicting national standards or Parts of standards withdrawn, when the complete
`series of standards comprising test methods and product specifications has been
`published.
`
`Cross-reference
`
`Publication referred to
`ISO 5725 : 1986
`
`Corresponding British Standard
`BS 5497 Qsfdjtjpo pg uftu nfuipet
`Part 1 : 1987 Hvjef gps uif efufsnjobujpo pg sfqfbubcjmjuz
`boe sfqspevdjcjmjuz gps b tuboebse uftu nfuipe cz
`joufs.mbcpsbupsz uftut
`
`NOTE. International and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from
`Customer Services, BSI, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL.
`
`Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
`from legal obligations.
`
`ii
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 4
`
`

`

`EUROPEAN STANDARD
`NORME EUROPE(cid:157) ENNE
`EUROPA£ ISCHE NORM
`
`ICS 91.120.10
`
`EN 826
`
`March 1996
`
`Descriptors: Buildings, thermal insulation, thermal insulating materials, compression tests, determination, compressive strength
`
`English version
`
`Thermal insulating products for building applications '
`Determination of compression behaviour
`
`Produits isolants thermiques destine(cid:157)s aux
`applications du bažtiment ' De(cid:157)termination du
`comportement en compression
`
`Wa£rmeda£mmstoffe fu£ r das Bauwesen '
`Bestimmung des Verhaltens bei
`Druckbeanspruchung
`
`This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-02-09. CEN members are
`bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the
`conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
`without any alteration.
`Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards
`may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
`This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
`A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
`CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
`same status as the official versions.
`CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
`Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
`Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
`
`CEN
`European Committee for Standardization
`Comite(cid:157) Europe(cid:157) en de Normalisation
`Europa£isches Komitee fu£ r Normung
`
`Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
`
`‡ 1996 All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved in all countries to
`CEN and its members.
`
`Ref. No. EN 826 : 1996 E
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 5
`
`

`

`Page 2
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`Foreword
`
`This European Standard has been prepared by
`Technical Committee CEN/TC 88, Thermal insulating
`materials and products, the secretariat of which is held
`by DIN.
`This European Standard shall be given the status of a
`national standard, either by publication of an identical
`text or by endorsement, at the latest by
`September 1996, and conflicting national standards
`shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1996.
`This European Standard is one of a series of standards
`which specify test methods for determining dimensions
`and properties of thermal insulating materials and
`products. It supports a series of product standards for
`thermal insulating materials and products which derive
`from the Council Directive of 21 December 1988 on the
`approximation of laws, regulations and administrative
`provisions of the Member States relating to
`construction products (Directive 89/106/EEC) through
`the consideration of the essential requirements.
`This European Standard contains one normative
`annex: Annex A (cid:143) Modifications to the general test
`method for cellular glass products.
`This European Standard has been drafted for
`applications in buildings but it may also be used in
`other areas where it is relevant.
`In pursuance of Resolution BT 20/1993 Revised,
`CEN/TC 88 have proposed defining the standards listed
`below as a European ‘package’ of standards, setting
`December 31, 1996 as the date of withdrawal (dow) of
`national standards which conflict with the European
`Standards of this package.
`The ‘package’ of standards comprises the following
`group of inter-related standards on test methods for
`determining dimensions and properties of thermal
`insulation materials and products, all of which come
`within the scope of CEN/TC 88.
`
`EN 826
`
`prEN 1602
`
`prEN 1603
`
`prEN 1604
`
`prEN 1605
`
`prEN 1606
`
`prEN 1607
`
`prEN 1608
`
`prEN 1609
`
`EN 822
`
`EN 823
`
`EN 824
`
`EN 825
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg mfohui boe xjeui
`
`prEN 12085
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg uijdloftt
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg trvbsfoftt
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg gmbuoftt
`
`prEN 12086
`
`prEN 12087
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg dpnqsfttjpo
`cfibwjpvs
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg uif bqqbsfou
`efotjuz
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg ejnfotjpobm
`tubcjmjuz voefs dpotubou opsnbm
`mbcpsbupsz dpoejujpot
`)34 (cid:204)D061 & sfmbujwf ivnjejuz*
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg ejnfotjpobm
`tubcjmjuz voefs tqfdjgjfe ufnqfsbuvsf
`boe ivnjejuz dpoejujpot
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg efgpsnbujpo voefs
`tqfdjgjfe dpnqsfttjwf mpbe boe
`ufnqfsbuvsf dpoejujpot
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg dpnqsfttjwf dsffq
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg ufotjmf tusfohui
`qfsqfoejdvmbs up gbdft
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg ufotjmf tusfohui
`qbsbmmfm up gbdft
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg tipsu ufsn xbufs
`bctpsqujpo cz qbsujbm jnnfstjpo
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg mjofbs ejnfotjpot
`pg uftu tqfdjnfot
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg xbufs wbqpvs
`usbotnjttjpo qspqfsujft
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg mpoh ufsn xbufs
`bctpsqujpo cz jnnfstjpo
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 6
`
`

`

`Page 3
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`prEN 12088
`
`prEN 12089
`
`prEN 12090
`
`prEN 12091
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg mpoh ufsn xbufs
`bctpsqujpo cz ejggvtjpo
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg cfoejoh cfibwjpvs
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg tifbs cfibwjpvs
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg gsff{f.uibx
`sftjtubodf
`
`According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations,
`the national standards organizations of the following
`countries are bound to implement this European
`Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
`Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
`Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
`Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
`
`Contents
`
`Foreword
`
`1
`
`Scope
`
`2 Normative references
`
`3 Definitions
`
`4
`
`Principle
`
`5 Apparatus
`
`6
`
`7
`
`Test specimens
`
`Procedure
`
`8 Calculation and expression of results
`
`9 Accuracy of measurement
`
`10
`
`Test report
`
`Annex
`
`A
`
`(normative) Modifications to the
`general test method for cellular glass
`products
`
`Page
`
`4
`
`4
`
`4
`
`4
`
`4
`
`6
`
`6
`
`6
`
`7
`
`8
`
`9
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 7
`
`

`

`Page 4
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`1 Scope
`This European Standard specifies the equipment and
`procedures for determining compression behaviour of
`test specimens. It is applicable to thermal insulating
`products. It can be used to determine the compressive
`stress in compressive creep tests and for applications
`in which insulation products are only exposed to short
`term loads.
`The method can be used for quality control purposes.
`It may also be used to obtain reference values from
`which design values can be calculated using safety
`factors.
`
`2 Normative references
`This European Standard incorporates, by dated or
`undated reference, provisions from other publications.
`These normative references are cited at the
`appropriate places in the text and the publications are
`listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
`amendments to or revisions of these publications apply
`to this European Standard only when incorporated in
`it by amendment or revision. For undated references
`the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
`
`prEN 12085
`
`Uifsnbm jotvmbujoh qspevdut gps
`cvjmejoh bqqmjdbujpot (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg mjofbs ejnfotjpot
`pg uftu tqfdjnfot
`
`ISO 5725 : 1986 Qsfdjtjpo pg uftu nfuipet (cid:210)
`Efufsnjobujpo pg sfqfbubcjmjuz boe
`sfqspevdjcjmjuz gps b tuboebse uftu
`nfuipe cz joufs.mbcpsbupsz uftut
`
`3 Definitions
`For the purposes of this standard, the following
`definitions apply.
`
`3.1 relative deformation, !
`Ratio of the reduction in thickness of the test
`specimen to its initial thickness e0, measured in the
`direction of the load and expressed as a percentage.
`3.2 compressive strength, "m
`Ratio of the maximum compressive force Gm, reached
`when the relative deformation, !, at yield (see
`figure 1b) or rupture (see figure 1a) is less than 10 %, to
`the initial surface area of the cross section of the test
`specimen.
`
`3.3 compressive stress at 10 % relative
`deformation, "10
`Ratio of the compressive force or G10, at 10 % relative
`deformation (!10) to the initial surface area of the cross
`section of the test specimen (see figures 1c and 1d) for
`products presenting 10 % relative deformation before
`possible yield or rupture.
`3.4 compression modulus of elasticity, F
`Compressive stress divided by the corresponding
`relative deformation below the proportional limit,
`when the relationship is linear (see figure 1).
`
`4 Principle
`A compressive force is applied at a given rate of
`displacement in an axial direction perpendicular to the
`major faces of a squarely cut square test specimen and
`the maximum stress supported by the test specimen is
`calculated.
`When the value of the maximum stress corresponds to
`a relative deformation of less than 10 %, it is designated
`as compressive strength and the corresponding relative
`deformation is reported. If no failure is observed
`before the 10 % relative deformation is reached, the
`compressive stress at 10 % relative deformation is
`calculated and its value reported as compressive stress
`at 10 % relative deformation.
`
`5 Apparatus
`
`5.1 Compression testing machine
`Compression testing machine suited to the range of
`force and displacement involved and having two very
`rigid, polished, square or circular plane parallel plates
`of which the length of one side (or the diameter) is at
`least as large as the test specimen side (or diagonal) to
`be tested. One of the plates shall be fixed and the
`other movable, if appropriate, with a centrally
`positioned ball joint to ensure that only axial force is
`applied on the test specimen. The movable plate shall
`be capable of moving at a constant speed of
`displacement in accordance with clause 7.
`
`5.2 Measurement of displacement
`Device for the measurement of the displacement fitted
`to the compression testing machine and which allows
`continuous measurement of the displacement of the
`movable plate and which permits reading to ‘ 5 %
`or ‘ 0,1 mm, whichever is the smaller (see 5.3).
`5.3 Measurement of force
`Sensor fitted to one of the machine plates to measure
`the force produced by the reaction of the test
`specimen upon the plates. This sensor shall be such
`that its own deformation during the course of the
`measuring operation is negligible compared with that
`being measured or if not, it shall be taken into account
`by calculation. In addition it shall allow the continuous
`measurement of the force permitting reading to ‘ 1 %.
`
`5.4 Recording device
`Device for the simultaneous recording of the force G
`and the displacement Y which provides a curve of G as
`a function of Y (see 7.2).
`NOTE. The curve gives additional information on the behaviour of
`the product and possibly enables the determination of the
`compression modulus of elasticity.
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 8
`
`

`

`Page 5
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`a)
`
`c)
`
`Gp
`Gm
`Ym
`G10
`Y10
`Ge
`Ye
`
`b)
`
`d)
`
`force corresponding to the preload
`maximum force
`displacement for maximum force
`force at 10 % relative deformation
`displacement for 10 % relative deformation
`force corresponding to Ye (conventional proportional limit)
`displacement in the conventional elastic zone
`
`Figure 1. Examples of force-displacement curves
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 9
`
`

`

`Page 6
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`6 Test specimens
`
`6.1 Dimensions of test specimens
`The test specimens shall be at the original product
`thickness. The width of the test specimens shall be not
`less than their thickness. Products with integrally
`moulded skins which are retained in use shall be
`tested with these skins intact.
`Test specimens shall not be layered to produce a
`greater thickness for testing.
`Test specimens shall be squarely cut with squares
`having sides of the following dimensions:
`(cid:143) 50 mm " 50 mm; or
`(cid:143) 100 mm " 100 mm; or
`(cid:143) 150 mm " 150 mm; or
`(cid:143) 200 mm " 200 mm; or
`(cid:143) 300 mm " 300 mm.
`The choice of dimensions to be used shall be specified
`in the relevant product standard.
`NOTE 1. In the absence of a product standard the dimensions of
`test specimens may be agreed between parties.
`The linear dimensions shall be determined in
`accordance with prEN 12085, with an accuracy of 0,5 %.
`The tolerance on parallelism and flatness between the
`two faces of the test specimen shall not be greater
`than 0,5 % of the specimen side with a maximum
`of 0,5 mm.
`If the test specimens are not flat, they shall be ground
`flat or an adequate coating shall be applied to prepare
`the surface for the test. No significant deformation
`shall occur in the coating during the test.
`NOTE 2. The accuracy of the test result is reduced if the test
`specimens have thicknesses of less than 20 mm.
`
`6.2 Preparation of test specimens
`Test specimens shall be cut so that the specimen base
`is normal to the direction of compression of the
`product in its intended use. The test specimens shall
`be cut by methods that do not change the structure
`from that of the original product. The method of
`selection of the test specimens shall be as specified in
`the relevant product standard. In the case of tapered
`products, the parallelism of the two faces of the test
`specimen shall be in accordance with 6.1.
`NOTE 1. In the absence of a product standard the method of
`selection of the test specimens may be agreed between parties.
`
`NOTE 2. Special methods of preparation, when needed, are given
`in the relevant product standard.
`
`NOTE 3. In some cases with anisotropic materials where a more
`complete characterization is desired or where the principal
`direction of anisotropy is unknown, it may be necessary to
`prepare additional sets of test specimens.
`
`6.3 Number of test specimens
`The number of test specimens shall be as specified in
`the relevant product standard. In the absence of such a
`specification at least five test specimens shall be used.
`NOTE. In the absence of a product standard the number of test
`specimens may be agreed between parties.
`
`6.4 Conditioning of test specimens
`The test specimens shall be stored for at least 6 h
`at (23 ‘ 5) ⁄C. In case of dispute they shall be stored
`at (23 ‘ 2) ⁄C and (50 ‘ 5) % relative humidity for the
`time specified in the relevant product standard.
`
`7 Procedure
`
`7.1 Test conditions
`The test shall be carried out at (23 ‘ 5) ⁄C. In case of
`dispute it shall be carried out at (23 ‘ 2) ⁄C
`and (50 ‘ 5) % relative humidity.
`
`7.2 Test procedure
`Measure the three dimensions of the test specimen in
`accordance with prEN 12085.
`Place the test specimen centrally between the two
`parallel plates of the compression testing machine.
`Preload with a pressure (250 ‘ 10) Pa.
`NOTE. If a significant deformation occurs under the preload
`pressure of 250 Pa, a preload corresponding to 50 Pa may be used
`if it is specified in the relevant product standard. In this case the
`thickness e0 should be determined under the same preload.
`Compress the test specimen with the movable plate at
`a constant speed of displacement which shall be
`e/10 per minute with a tolerance of ‘ 25 %, where e is
`the thickness of the test specimen expressed in
`millimetres.
`Continue compression until the test specimen yields,
`providing a compressive strength value, or until a
`relative deformation of 10 % has been reached,
`providing a compressive stress at 10 % relative
`deformation.
`Record the force-displacement curve.
`
`8 Calculation and expression of results
`The results are the mean values of the measurements
`which shall be expressed to three significant figures.
`NOTE. Results should not be extrapolated to other thicknesses.
`Depending upon the case (see 7.2) it will be necessary
`to calculate "m and !m or "10 (see clause 3).
`8.1 Compressive strength and corresponding
`relative deformation
`
`8.1.1 Dpnqsfttjwf tusfohui
`Calculate the compressive strength, "m, in kilopascals
`using the equation:
`Gm
`B0
`
`"m = 103 "
`
`where
`
`Gm is the maximum force, in newtons;
`is the initial area of the cross-section of the test
`B0
`specimen, in square millimetres.
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 10
`
`

`

`Page 7
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`8.3 Compression modulus of elasticity
`If required, calculate the compression modulus of
`elasticity, F, in kilopascals using the equation:
`e0
`Ye
`
`F = "e "
`
`with:
`
`"e = 103 "
`
`Ge
`B0
`
`where
`
`Ge
`
`Ye
`
`is the force at the end of the conventional
`elastic zone (well-defined straight portion of the
`force-displacement curve), in newtons;
`is the displacement at Ge, in millimetres.
`
`If there is no well-defined straight portion of the
`force-displacement curve or if the ‘zero deformation
`point’ obtained in accordance with 8.1.2 results in a
`negative value, this procedure shall not be used. In
`such cases the ‘zero deformation point’ shall be the
`deformation corresponding to a stress of (250 ‘ 10) Pa.
`
`9 Accuracy of measurement
`An inter-laboratory test was performed
`with 10 laboratories in 1993. Four products with
`different compression behaviour characteristics were
`tested, three of which were used for statistical
`evaluation of reproducibility (two test results for each
`product), and one product was used for statistical
`evaluation of repeatability (five test results).
`The results, analysed in accordance with
`ISO 5725 : 1986, are given in tables 1 and 2.
`The above mentioned terms are applied as described
`in ISO 5725 : 1986.
`
`8.1.2 Sfmbujwf efgpsnbujpo
`Determine the zero-deformation point. Extend to
`the Gp ! zero force line the steepest straight portion of
`the force-displacement curve using, e.g., a straight edge
`(see 5.4).
`Measure all displacements for calculations of relative
`deformation from this ‘zero-deformation’ point
`corresponding to Gp = (250 ‘ 10) Pa.
`
`NOTE. Illustration of this procedure is shown for four examples
`in figure 1.
`Calculate the relative deformation, !m, as a percentage
`using the equation:
`Ym
`e0
`
`" 100
`
`!m =
`
`where
`
`Ym is the displacement corresponding to the
`maximum force reached, in millimetres;
`
`e0
`
`is the initial thickness (as measured) of the test
`specimen, in millimetres.
`
`8.2 Compressive stress at 10 % relative
`deformation
`Calculate the compressive stress at 10 % relative
`deformation, "10, in kilopascals using the equation:
`G10
`B0
`
`"10 = 103 "
`
`where
`
`G10 is the force corresponding to a relative
`deformation of 10 %, in newtons;
`
`B0
`
`is the initial area of the cross-section of the test
`specimen, in square millimetres.
`
`NOTE. If required the compressive stress for relative deformations
`lower than 10% may also be calculated.
`
`Table 1. Compressive strength, "m, or compressive stress at 10% relative deformation, "10
`Range
`95 kPa to 230 kPa
`
`Estimate of repeatability variance tr
`95 % repeatability limit
`
`Estimate of reproducibility variance tR
`95 % reproducibility limit
`
`Table 2. Compression modulus of elasticity, F
`
`Range
`
`Estimate of repeatability variance tr
`95 % repeatability limit
`
`Estimate of reproducibility variance tR
`95 % reproducibility limit
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`0,5 %
`2 %
`
`3 %
`9 %
`
`2500 kPa to 8500 kPa
`
`3 %
`8 %
`
`10 %
`25 %
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 11
`
`

`

`Page 8
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`10 Test report
`The test report shall include the following information:
`a) reference to this European Standard;
`b) product identification:
`1) product name, factory, manufacturer or
`supplier;
`2) production code number;
`3) type of product;
`4) packaging;
`5) the form in which the product arrived at the
`laboratory;
`6) other information as appropriate, e.g. nominal
`thickness, nominal density;
`c) test procedure:
`1) pre-test history and sampling, e.g. who sampled
`and where;
`2) conditioning;
`3) if any deviation from clauses 6 and 7;
`4) date of testing;
`5) dimensions and number of test specimens;
`6) kind of surface treatment (grinding or type of
`coating);
`7) general information relating to the test;
`8) events which may have affected the results;
`NOTE. Information about the apparatus and identity of the
`technician should be available in the laboratory but it need not
`be recorded in the test report.
`d) results. All individual values of compressive
`strength and corresponding relative deformation or
`compressive stress at 10 % relative deformation,
`mean value and the compression modulus of
`elasticity, if required.
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 12
`
`

`

`Page 9
`EN 826 : 1996
`
`Annex A (normative)
`Modifications to the general test method
`for cellular glass products
`For cellular glass products the test method described
`in the standard shall be modified in accordance with
`the following clauses.
`
`A.1 Apparatus
`The compression testing machine shall be equipped
`with a ball joint connected to one of the plates.
`
`A.2 Test specimen
`
`A.2.1 Ejnfotjpot pg uftu tqfdjnfot
`The test specimen shall be a quadrant of an original
`full-size slab, e.g. in the case of 600 mm " 450 mm
`slabs, test specimens shall be 300 mm " 225 mm having
`two edges coming from the original slab.
`If this is not possible, each test specimen
`of 200 mm " 200 mm shall be taken from any one of
`four equal area quadrants of the slab in a way which
`respects the symmetry of the quadrant, taking only one
`test specimen per slab.
`
`A.2.2 Qsfqbsbujpo pg uftu tqfdjnfot
`
`A.2.2.1 The bearing surfaces of the test specimen
`shall be parallel and flat (see 6.1). If necessary they
`shall be rubbed with a suitable abrasive surface to
`produce the required flat surface.
`
`A.2.2.2 To smooth the bearing surfaces, apply a layer
`of hot bitumen R 85/25 that has been heated
`to (170 ‘ 10) ⁄C, to completely fill the open surface
`cells; use a small excess.
`The coverage of bitumen is approximately
`(1 ‘ 0,25) kg/m2.
`Tilt the test specimen slightly and either dip the
`bearing surface into a bitumen bath, or preferably,
`place the bearing surface on a horizontal roller turning
`into the bitumen bath (see figure A.1). Scrape off any
`surplus bitumen. If the open surface cells have not
`been adequately filled, repeat the process. Dip the test
`specimen again with the coated bearing surface
`downwards or repeat the treatment with the horizontal
`roller. Allow any surplus bitumen to drip off the
`treated surface. Turn the test specimen upwards and
`shake it slightly in horizontal position to ensure
`uniform distribution of the bitumen.
`NOTE. It has been found convenient to employ a partially
`submerged roller for applying the bitumen (see figure A.1).
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`Figure A.1 Application of hot bitumen
`to test specimen’s surface
`
`A.2.2.3 Place the test specimen with the treated
`bearing surface on a sheet which extends beyond the
`slab on all sides, and which rests on a flat steel plate.
`The sheet shall be thin, flexible, homogeneous and
`compatible with hot bitumen, e.g. a thin bitumen
`roofing felt having a weight of (1 ‘ 0,25) kg/m2, or a
`lightweight kraft paper, or a plastic foil possibly
`reinforced by non-woven glass fibre having a weight of
`(0,15 ‘ 0,08) kg/m2. Apply a load of (200 ‘ 25) N by
`means of a load distribution plate with a size not
`smaller than the test specimen.
`After about 1 min remove the load.
`After 15 min coat the second bearing surface as before.
`NOTE. The purpose of the thin flexible sheet is to prevent that the
`bitumen applied on the test specimen face stick to the
`compression plates during the test.
`A.2.2.4 Set the test specimen on edge, supporting
`only the core of the cellular glass, e.g. with a small
`piece of wood, exposing both capped surfaces to room
`temperature for a minimum of 15 min to allow the
`bitumen to harden before testing.
`A.2.2.5 The bitumen shall not be subjected to
`excessive temperatures which cause oxidation.
`A.2.2.6 In the case of cellular glass board, one of the
`full slabs composing the board shall be identified and
`the test specimen shall be cut in accordance
`with A.2.1.
`The preparation with hot bitumen shall not be carried
`out in the case of cellular glass board.
`If the surface of the facing is not flat enough, a layer of
`plaster having a thickness of (2 ‘ 1) mm shall be
`applied on the surface. The compression test shall only
`be carried out when the plaster is dry.
`A.3 Test procedure
`The speed of displacement of the movable plate shall
`be e/100 per minute with a tolerance of ‘ 25 %, where e
`is the thickness of the test specimen, expressed in
`millimetres.
`Run the test until the test specimen yields, usually with
`a prominent drop in load accompanied by a loud
`report.
`NOTE. Due to test specimen surface preparation, the method is
`not suitable for determining the relative deformation and the
`compression modulus of elasticity by measuring the displacement
`of the plates of the compression testing machine. An alternative
`method consists of fixing reference points on the edges of the test
`specimen and measuring their relative displacement.
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 13
`
`

`

`10
`10
`
`bla#XSGR2022-00022 - Petitioner's Exhibit 1009 — Page 14
`cmbol
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 14
`
`

`

`BS EN 826 : 1996
`
`List of references
`
`See national foreword.
`
`‡ BSI 1996
`
`PGR2022-00022 - Petitioner’s Exhibit 1009 – Page 15
`
`

`

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