United States Patent
`Noble, Jr.
`
`US005633427A
`[11] Patent Number:
`[45] Date of Patent:
`
`5,633,427
`§*May 27, 1997
`
`[54]
`
`INBRED CORN LINE PHHB
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`
`[75]
`
`Inventor: Stephen W. Noble, Jr., Johnston, Iowa
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`[73] Assignee: Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc..
`Des Moines, Iowa
`
`5,444,178
`
`8/1995 Noble, Ir.
`
`..ssessscssscseecssseseseees 800/200
`
`[*] Notice:
`
`The term of this patent shall not extend
`beyond the expiration date of Pat. No.
`
`5,444,178.
`[21] Appl. No.: 500,285
`[22] Filed:
`Jul. 10, 1995
`as
`¢
`Dat
`Related U.S. Application
`Ppheation maa
`ee
`[63] Continuation of Ser. No. 189,004, Jan. 24, 1994, Pat. No.
`5A44,178.
`[51] Urns CLS cceeccenssnssseesrnree AOLH 5/00; AOIH 1/00
`[52] US. CU. cecesseceene 800/200; 800/250; 800/DIG. 56;
`47/58; 47/DIG. 1
`[58] Field of Searle cosscssssssssssssnsssnesnee 800/200, 205,
`800/250, DIG. 56; 47/58
`
`Primary Examiner—Gary Benzion
`
`c.
`
`auomes Agent, or Firm—Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
`[57]
`ABSTRACT
`According to the invention,there is provided an inbred corn
`line, designated PHHB4. This invention thus relates to the
`°
`:
`plants and seeds of inbred corn line PHHB4 and to methods
`for producing a corn plant producedby crossing the inbred
`line PHHB4 with itself or with another corn plant. This
`_—«i2vention further relates to hybrid corn seeds and plants
`Produced by crossing the inbred line PHHB4 with another
`com line orplant.
`
`2 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`
`REP MEANS
`
`Bt tg
`Lat
`Ns 738
`DMS: 273.4
`
`RR
`a
`83.3
`332.1
`
`o PHN?
`=a"
`—
`PHW52
`
`Inari Exhibit 1051
`Inari Exhibit 1051
`Inari v. Pioneer
`Inari v. Pioneer
`
`138
`
`118
`
`S=
`
`z /8—_
`
`a 8
`=
`
`

`

`USS. Patent
`
`May27, 1997
`
`Sheet 1 of 3
`
`5,633,427
`
`VALUE |
`
`VARIETY
`
`__ PHHB4 PHW52
`Di i 49s
`RD:
`O68
`0°59
`Ni
`78h
`835
`
`DNS: 2734332"
`
`REP MEANS
`
`|
`
`FIG.
`
`+ PHHB4
`© PLWS?
`—— PREDICTED
`ee
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`May 27, 1997
`
`Sheet 2 of 3
`
`5,633,427
`
`VALUE 4)
`
`VARIETY
`
`+ PHHB4
`© PHP3E
`— PREDICTED
`~~PHPSE
`~~~ PHPSE
`
`___.PHHB4 — PHP38
`B 107
`1.05
`R?
`: O67
`O68
`N70 780
`DMS : 265.2
`2848
`
`FIG.2
`
`

`

`USS. Patent
`
`May27, 1997
`
`Sheet 3 of 3
`
`5,633,427
`
`
`
`30040 i BD 100 ED
`
`20130
`
`:
`
`494
`
`pesPano
` . 08
`Og
`Noi eM
`Mo:
`(863
`Bld
`DMS:
`191.7
`308.9
`
`5
`
`REP MEANS
`
`FIG.3
`
`°
`
`+
`—PrenceD
`_ — - PHRG|
`
`

`

`5,633,427
`
`1
`INBRED CORN LINE PHHB
`
`REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
`
`This is a continuation ofprior application Ser. No. 08/189,
`004, filed Jan. 24, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,444,178.
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`This inventionis in the field of corn breeding, specifically
`telating to an inbred corn line designated PHHB4.
`
`10
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`Plant Breeding
`
`Field crops are bred through techniques that take advan-
`tage of the plant’s method of pollination. A plant is self-
`pollinated if pollen from one flower is transferred to the
`same or another flower of the same plant. A plant
`is
`cross-pollinated if the pollen comes from a flower on a
`different plant.
`Corn plants (Zea mays L.) can be bred by both self-
`pollination and cross-pollination techniques. Corn has sepa-
`Tate male and female flowers on the same plant, located on
`the tassel and the ear, respectively. Natural pollination
`occurs in corn when wind blows polien from the tassels to
`the silks that protrude from the tops of the incipientears.
`The developmentof a hybrid corn variety involves three
`steps: (1) the selection of plants from various germplasm
`pools; (2) the selfing of the selected plants for several
`generations to produce a series of inbred lines, which,
`although different from each other, breed true and are highly
`uniform; and (3) crossing the selected inbred lines with
`unrelated inbred lines to produce the hybrid progeny (F,).
`During the inbreeding process in corn, the vigor of the lines
`decreases. Vigoris restored when two unrelated inbred lines
`are crossed to produce the hybrid progeny. An important
`consequence of the homozygosity and homogeneity of the
`inbred linesis that the hybrid between any two inbreds will
`always be the same. Once the inbreds that give a superior
`hybrid have been identified, the hybrid seed can be repro-
`duced indefinitely as long as the homogeneity of the inbred
`parents is maintained.
`The objective of commercial maize inbred line develop-
`ment programs is to develop new inbred lines that combine
`to produce high grain yields and superior agronomic per-
`formance in hybrid combination. The primary trait breeders
`seek is yield. However, other major agronomictraits are of
`importance in hybrid combination and have an impact on
`yield or otherwise provide superior performance in hybrid
`combinations. Such traits include percent grain moisture at
`harvest, relative maturity, resistance to stalk breakage, resis-
`tance to root lodging, grain quality. and disease and insect
`resistance. In addition the lines per se must have acceptable
`performance for parental traits such as seed yields, kernel
`sizes, pollen production,all of which affect ability to provide
`parental lines in sufficient quantity and quality for hybrid-
`ization. Traits have been shown to be under genetic control
`and many if not all of the traits are affected by multiple
`genes. Thus, to be selected as an inbred line, the inbred must
`be able to combine such that the desired traits are passed to
`the hybrid and also be able to satisfy production require-
`ments as a parental line.
`
`Pedigree Breeding
`
`The pedigree method of breeding is the mostly widely
`used methodology for new inbred line development.
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`60
`
`65
`
`2
`in general terms this procedure consists of crossing two
`inbred lines to produce the non-segregating F, generation,
`and self pollination of the F, generation to produce the F,
`generation that segregates for all factors for which the inbred
`parents differ. An example ofthis process is set forth below.
`Variations of this generalized pedigree methodare used, but
`all these variations produce a segregating generation which
`contains a range of variation for the traits of interest.
`
`Example 1
`
`Hypothetical Example of Pedigree Breeding
`Program
`Consider a cross between two inbred lines that differ for
`alleles at five loci.
`The parental genotypes are:
`
`Parent 1
`AbCdePAbCdeF
`Parent 2
`aBcDEffaBcDEf
`
`the F, from a cross between these two parents is:
`
`
`F,
`
`AbCdeFaBcDEf
`
`Selfing F, will produce an F, generation including the
`following genotypes:
`
`ABcDEflabCdeF
`ABcDeffabCdEF
`ABcDeffabCdeF
`
`
`
`The number of genotypes in the F, is 3° for six segre-
`gating loci (729) and will produce (2°)-2 possible new
`inbreds, (62 for six segregating loci).
`Each inbred parent which is used in breeding crosses
`represents a unique combination of genes, and the combined
`effects of the genes define the performanceof the inbred and
`its performance in hybrid combination. There is published
`evidence (Smith, O. S., I. S. C. Smith, $. L. Bowen, R. A.
`Tenborg and §S. J. Wall, TAG 80:833-840 (1990)) that each
`of these lines are different and can be uniquely identified on
`the basis of genetically-controlled molecular markers.
`It has been shown (Hallauer, Arnel R. and Miranda,J. B.
`Fo. Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding, Iowa State
`University Press, Ames Iowa (1981)) that most traits of
`economic yalue in maize are under the genetic control of
`multiple genetic loci, and that there are a large number of
`unique combinations of these genes present in elite maize
`germplasm.If not, genetic progress using elite inbred lines
`would no longer be possible. Studies by Duvick and Russell
`(Duvick, D. N. Maydica 37:69~79 (1992); Russell, W. A.
`Maydica XX1X:375-390 (1983)) have shownthat over the
`last 50 years the rate of genetic progress in commercial
`hybrids has been between 1 and 2% per year.
`The number of genes affecting the trait of primary eco-
`nomic importance in maize, grain yield, has been estimated
`to be in the range of 10-1000. Inbred lines which are used
`as parents for breeding crosses differ in the number and
`combination of these genes. These factors make the plant
`breeder’s task more difficult. Compoundingthis is evidence
`that no one line contains the favorable allele at all loci, and
`that different alleles have different economic values depend-
`
`

`

`5,633,427
`
`3
`ing on the genetic background and field environment in
`which the hybrid is grown. Fifty years of breeding experi-
`ence showsthat there are many genesaffecting grain yield
`and each of these has a relatively small effect on this trait.
`The effects are small compared to breeders’ ability to
`measure grain yield differences in evaluation trials.
`Therefore, the parents of the breeding cross must differ at
`several of these loci so that the genetic differences in the
`progeny will be large enough that breeders can develop a
`line that increases the economic worth of its hybrids over
`that of hybrids made with cither parent.
`If the numberof loci segregating in a cross between two
`inbred lines is n, the number of unique genotypesin the F,
`generation is 3” (Example 2) and the number of unique
`inbredlines from this cross is {(2”)-2}. Only a very limited
`number of these combinations are useful. Only about 1 in
`10,000 of the progeny from F,’s are commercially useful.
`By way of example, if it is assumed that the number of
`segregating loci in F, is somewhere between 20 and 50, and
`that each parent is fixed for half the favorable alleles, it is
`then possible to calculate approximate probabilities of find-
`ing an inbred that has the favorable allele at {(n/2)+m}loci,
`where n/2 is the number of favorable alleles in each of the
`parents and m is the number of additional favorabie alleles
`in the new inbred. See Example 2 below. The number m is
`assumed to be greater than three because each allele has so
`small an effect that evaluation techniques are not sensitive
`enough to detect differences due to three or less favorable
`alleles. The probabilities in Example 2 are on the order of
`107° or smaller and they are the probabilities that at least one
`genotype with (n/2)-+m favorable alleles will exist.
`To put this in perspective the number of plants grown on
`60 million acres (approximate U.S. corn acreage) at 25000
`plants/acre is 1.5x10!?.
`
`Example 2
`
`Probability of Finding an Inbred with m of n
`Favorable Alleles
`
`Assume each parent has n/2 of the favorable alleles and
`only % of the combinations of loci are economically useful.
`
`
`Probability
`no. additional
`no. favorable
`no. of
`segregating
`alleles in.
`favorable alleles
`that genotype
`loci (2)
`Parents (n/2)
`in new inbred
`occurs*
`
`20
`10
`14
`3x 10°
`24
`12
`16
`2x 10°
`28
`14
`18
`1x 10>
`32
`16
`20
`8 x 10%
`36
`18
`22
`5x 10%
`40
`20
`24
`3x 10%
`44
`22
`26
`2x 10-6
`
`24 2848 1x10
`
`
`
`The possibility of having a usably high probability of
`being able to identify this genotype based on replicatedfield
`testing would be most likely smaller than this, and is a
`function of how large a population of genotypesis tested and
`how testing resources are allocated in the testing program.
`At Pioneer Hi-Bred International, a typical corn research
`station has a staff of four, and 20 acres of breeding nursery.
`Thoseresearchers plant those 20 acres with 25,000 nursery
`rows, 15,000 yield test plots in 10-15 yield test sites, and
`one or two disease-screening nurseries. Employing a tem-
`porary crew of 20 to 30 pollinators, the station makes about
`
`*Probability that a useful combination exists, does not include the probability
`55
`of identifying this combinationif it does exist.
`EAR SZ=EAR SIZE.A1to 9 visual rating of ear size. The
`higher the rating the larger the ear size.
`EST CNT=EARLY STAND COUNT.This is a measure
`of the stand establishment in the spring and represents the
`number of plants that emerge on a per plot basis for the
`inbred or hybrid.
`
`60
`
`4
`65,000 hand pollinations per growing season. Thus, one of
`the largest plant breeding programs in the world does not
`have a sufficiently large breeding population to be able to
`tely upon “playing the numbers” to obtain successful
`research results. Nevertheless, Pioneer’s breeders at each
`station produce from three to ten new inbreds which are
`proposed for commercial use each year. Over the 32 Pioneer
`research stations in North America, this amounts to from
`about 100 to 300 new inbreds proposedfor use, and less than
`50 and more commonly less than 30 of these inbreds that
`actually satisfy the performancecriteria for commercial use.
`This is a result of plant breeders using their skills,
`experience and intuitive ability to select inbreds having the
`necessary qualities.
`
`SUMMARYOF THE INVENTION
`
`According to the invention, there is provided a novel
`inbred corn line, designated PHHB4. This invention thus
`relates to the seeds of inbred corn line PHHB4,to the plants
`of inbred corn line PHHB4, and to methods for producing a
`corn plant produced by crossing the inbred line PHHB4 with
`itself or another corn line. This invention further relates to
`hybrid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the
`inbred line PHHB4 with another corn line.
`
`DEFINITIONS
`
`In the description and examples that follow, a number of
`terms are used herein. In order to provide a clear and
`consistent understanding of the specification and claims,
`including the scope to be given such terms, the following
`definitions are provided. ABS is in absolute terms and %
`MNis percent of the mean for the experiments in which the
`inbred or hybrid was grown.
`
`BAR PLT=BARREN PLANTS. Thepercent of plants per
`plot that were not barren (lack ears).
`BRT STK=BRITTLE STALKS.This is a measure of the
`stalk breakage near the time of pollination, and is an
`indication of whether a hybrid or inbred would snap or break
`near the time of flowering under severe winds. Data are
`presented as percentage of plants that did not snap.
`
`BU ACR=YIELD (BUSHELS/ACRE). Actual yield of
`the grain at harvest in bushels per acre adjusted to 15.5%
`moisture.
`
`DRP EAR=DROPPED EARS.A measure of the number
`of dropped ears per plot and represents the percentage of
`plants that did not drop ears prior to harvest.
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`EAR HT=EAR HEIGHT. The ear height is a measure
`from the ground to the highest placed developed ear node
`attachment and is measured in inches.
`
`65
`
`GDU SHD=GDU TO SHED. The number of growing
`degree units (GDUs) or heat units required for an inbred line
`or hybrid to have approximately 50 percent of the plants
`shedding pollen and is measured from the time of planting.
`Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger Method,
`where the heat units for a 24-hour period are:
`
`

`

`5,633,427
`
`5
`
`GDU= (Max. temp. + Min. temp)
`
`50
`
`The highest maximum temperature used is 86° F. and the
`lowest minimum temperature used is 50° F. For each inbred
`or hybrid it takes a certain number of GDUsto reach various
`stages of plant development.
`GDU SLK=GDU TO SILK. The number of growing
`degree units required for an inbred line or hybrid to have
`approximately 50 percentof the plants with silk emergence
`from time of planting. Growing degree units are calculated
`by the Barger Method as given in GDU SHD definition.
`GRN APP=GRAIN APPEARANCE.This is a 1 to 9
`rating for the general appearance ofthe shelled grain asit is
`harvested based on such factors as the color of the harvested
`grain, any mold on the grain, and any cracked grain. High
`scores indicate good grain quality.
`MST=HARVEST MOISTURE.The moistureis the actual
`percentage moisture of the grain at harvest.
`PLT HT=PLANT HEIGHT. This is a measure of the
`heightof the plant from the groundto thetip of the tassel in
`inches.
`
`6
`STK LDG=STALK LODGING.Thisis the percentage of
`plants that did not stalk lodge (stalk breakage) as measured.
`by either natural lodging or pushing the stalks and deter-
`mining the percentage of plants that break below the ear.
`TAS BLS =TASSEL BLAST.A I to 9 visual rating was
`used to measure the degree of blasting (necrosis due to heat
`stress) of the tassel at time of flowering. A 1 would indicate
`a very high level of blasting at time of flowering, while a 9
`would have no tassel blasting.
`TAS SZ=TASSELSIZE.A 1 to 9 visual rating was used
`to indicate the relative size of the tassel. The higher the
`rating the larger the tassel.
`TAS WT=TASSEL WEIGHT.Thisis the average weight
`of a tassel (grams) just prior to pollen shed.
`TEX EAR=BAR TEXTURE.A 1 to 9 visual rating was
`used to indicate the relative hardness (smoothness of crown)
`of mature grain. A 1 would be very soft (extreme dent) while
`a 9 would be very hard (flinty or very smooth crown).
`TILLER=TILLERS. A count of the numberoftillers per
`plot that could possibly shed pollen was taken. Data is given
`as percentageoftillers: numberoftillers per plot divided by
`number of plants per plot.
`TST WT=TEST WEIGHT (UNADJUSTED). The mea-
`POL SC=POLLEN SCORE.A 1 to 9 visual rating indi-
`sure of the weightof the grain in pounds for a given volume
`cating the amount of pollen shed. The higher the score the
`(bushel).
`more pollen shed.
`TST WIA=TEST WEIGHT ADJUSTED.The measure of
`POL WT=POLLEN WEIGHT.This is calculated by dry
`the weight of the grain in pounds for a given volume
`weight of tassels collected as shedding commences minus
`(bushel) adjusted for percent moisture.
`dry weight from similar tassels harvested after shedding is
`YLD=YIELD.It is the same as BU ACR ABS.
`complete.
`YLD SC=YIELD SCORE.A|to 9 visual rating was used
`It should be understood that the inbred can, through
`to give a relative rating for yield based on plotear piles. The
`routine manipulation of cytoplasmic factors, be produced in
`higher the rating the greater visual yield appearance.
`a cytoplasmic male-sterile form which is otherwise pheno-
`MDM CPX=Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex (MDMV=
`typically identical to the male-fertile form.
`Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus & MCDV=Maize Chlorotic
`PRM=PREDICTED RM.This trait, predicted relative
`Dwarf Virus): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is very
`Inaturity (RM), is based on the harvest moisture of the grain.
`susceptible and a “0”is very resistant.
`The relative maturity rating is based on a known set of
`SLF BLT=Southern Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis, Hel-
`checks andutilizes standard linear regression analyses and is
`minthosporium maydis): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a
`referred to as the Comparative Relative Maturity Rating
`“1” is very susceptible and a “9” is very resistant.
`System which is similar to the Minnesota Relative Maturity
`NLF BLT=Northern Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum,
`Rating System.
`H. turcicum): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is very
`RT LDG=ROOT LODGING.Rootlodging is the percent-
`susceptible and a ‘”is very resistant.
`age ofplants that do not root lodge; plantsthat lean from the
`COM RST=Common Rust (Puccinia sorghi): Visual rat-
`vertical axis at an approximately 30° angle or greater would
`ing (1-9 score) where a “1” is very susceptible and a “9”is
`be counted as root lodged.
`very resistant.
`SCT GRN=SCATTER GRAIN. A 1 to 9 visual rating
`GLF SPT=Gray Leaf Spot (Cercespora zeae-maydis):
`indicating the amountof scatter grain (lack ofpollination or
`Visual rating (1-9 score) where a ‘‘1” is very susceptible and
`kernel abortion) on the ear. The higher the score the less
`a “9” is very resistant.
`scatter grain.
`STW WLT=Stewart’s Wilt (Erwinia stewartii): Visual
`SDG VGR=SEEDLINGVIGOR.Thisis the visual rating
`rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is very susceptible and a “O”
`(1 to 9) of the amount of vegetative growth after emergence
`is very resistant.
`at the seedling stage (approximately five leaves). A higher
`score indicates better vigor.
`HD SMT=Head Smut (Sphacelotheca reiliana): Percent-
`SEL IND=SELECTION INDEX. The selection index
`age of plants that did not have infection.
`gives a single measure of the hybrid’s worth based on
`EAR MLD=General Ear Mold: Visual rating (1-9 score)
`information for up to five traits. A corn breeder may utilize
`where a “1” is very susceptible and a “9”is very resistant.
`his or her ownsetof traits for the selection index. One of the
`This is based on overall rating for ear mold of mature ears
`traits that is almost always included is yield. The selection
`without determining specific mold organism, and may not be
`predictive for a specific ear mold.
`index data presented in the tables represent the mean value
`averaged across testing stations.
`ECB DPE=Dropped ears due to European Corn Borer
`STA GRN=STAY GREEN.Stay green is the measure of
`(Ostrinia nubilalis): Percentage of plants that did not drop
`ears under second brood corn borer infestation.
`plant health near the time of black layer formation
`(physiological maturity). A high score indicates better late-
`ECB 2SC=European Corn Borer Second Brood (Ostrinia
`season plant health.
`nubilalis): Visual rating (1-9 score) of post flowering dam-
`STK CNT=NUMBER OF PLANTS. This is the final
`age dueto infestation by European Corn Borer. A “1”is very
`stand or number of plants per plot.
`susceptible and a “9” is very resistant.
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`

`

`5,633,427
`
`7
`ECB 1LF=European Corn Borer First Brood (Ostrinia
`nubilalis): Visual rating (1-9 score) of pre-flowering leaf
`feeding by European Corn Borer. A “1” is very susceptible
`and a “9”is very resistant.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`FIGS. 1-3 show data for the trait Bushels Per Acre. The
`results of FIGS. 1-3 compare PHHB4 to PHW52, PHP38,
`and PHR61, respectively.
`
`8
`Color: (WF9) Medium Green
`Angle from Stalk: 30-60 degrees
`Marginal Waves:
`None
`arginal
`Waves:
`(HY)
`Number of Leaves (mature plants): 21
`Sheath Pubescence: (W22) Light
`Longitudinal Creases: (OHSOA) Few
`Length (Ear nodeleaf): 73 cm
`Width (widest point, ear node leaf): 9 cm
`10D. Tassel
`Numberlateral branches: 1
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`Branch Angle from central spike: >45 degrees
`INVENTION
`Pollen Shed: Light based on Pollen Yield Test (26% of
`PHHB4brings together more yield in hybrids than either
`experiment means)
`parental line. In hybrid combination PHHB4has desirable 15
`Peduncle Length (top leaf to basal branches): 19 cm
`plant and ear height, resistance to brittle stalk, and resistance
`to commonrust. Hybrids of PHHB4 do weil in both dry and
`Anther Color: Pink
`wet years compared to the closest prior art, but are especially
`Glume Color: Green
`better in wet years.
`E. Ear (Husked Ear Data Except When Stated Otherwise)
`Inbred corn line PHHB4is a yellow, dent corn inbred and 20
`Length: 16 cm
`provides an acceptable female parental line in crosses for
`Weight: 151 gm
`producing first generation F1 corn hybrids. PHHB4 is
`Mid-point Diameter: 48 mm
`adapted to most regions of the United States but does best in
`Silk Color: Green
`Nebraska, Iowa,Illinois and Indiana.
`tusk Extension (Harvest stage): Medium (barely cover-
`Theinbred has shown uniformity and stability within the °°
`ing ear)
`limits of environmental
`influence for all
`the traits as
`described in the Variety Description Information (Table 1)
`Slight
`f Ear:
`Slig
`Taper0
`that follows. Most of the data in the Variety Description
`Position of Shank (dry husks): Upright
`information wascollected at Johnston, Iowa. The inbred has
`Kernel Rows: Straight, Distinct Number=14
`been self-pollinated and car-rowed a sufficient number of 7°
`Husk Color (fresh): Light Green
`generations with careful attention paid to uniformity of plant
`Husk Color (dry): Buff
`type to ensure homozygosity and phenotypic stability. The
`Shank Length: 11 cm
`line has been increased both by hand and in isolated fields
`Shank
`fi
`odes): 8
`with continued observation for uniformity. No varianttraits
`a
`(No. of
`internodes):
`have been observed or are expected in PHHB4.
`F. Kernel (Dried)
`:
`:
`.
`(fr
`id-poi
`Size
`Inbred corn line PHHB4, being substantially
`ize (from car mid-point)
`homozygous, can be reproduced by planting seeds of the
`Length: 12 mm
`line, growing the resulting corn plants underself-pollinating
`or sib-pollinating conditions with adequate isolation, and ,,|Width: 9 mm
`harvesting the resulting seed, using techniques familiar to
`Thick: 5 mm
`the agricultural arts.
`Shape Grade (% rounds): 40-60 (42% medium round
`based on Parent Test Data)
`TABLE 1
`Pericarp Color: Colorless
`Aleurone Color: Homozygous Yellow
`Endosperm Color: Yellow
`Endosperm Type: Normal Starch
`Gm Wt/100 Seeds (unsized): 37 gm
`50 G. Cob
`Diameter at mid-point: 27 mm
`Strength: Strong
`Color: Red
`55 H. Diseases
`Corn Lethal Necrosis (MCMV=Maize Chlorotic Mottle
`Virus and MDMV=Maize Dwarf
`:
`*
`:
`Mosaic Virus): Intermediate
`Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex (MDMV & MCDV=
`Maize Dwarf Virus): Susceptible
`Anthracnose Stalk Rot ((C. graminicola). Intermediate
`S. Leaf Blight (B. maydis): Resistant
`Carbonum Leaf Blight (H. carbonum): Intermediate
` N. Leaf Blight (£. turcicum): Intermediate
`Common Rust(P. sorghi): Resistant
`Gray Leaf Spot (C. zeae): Susceptible
`
`5
`
`35
`
`45
`
`60
`
`65
`
`A.
`
`VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION
`INBRED = PHHB4
`Type: Dent
`Region Best Adapted: Most Regions
`Maturity: Average across maturity zones. Zone: 0
`Heat Unit Shed: 1510
`Heat Unit Silk: 1540
`No. Reps: 50
`
`[Max. Temp. (°° <_86° F.) +
`HEAT UNITS = Min. Temp (>_50° F.)]* 50
`
`2
`*If maximum is greater than 86 degrees fahrenheit, then 86 is used and if
`minimum is less than 50, then 50 is used. Heat units accumulated daily and
`can not be less than 0.
`
`B. Plant Characteristics
`Plant height (to tassel tip): 227 cm
`Length of top ear internode: 11 cm
`Number of ears per stalk: Single
`Ear height (to base of top ear): 69 cm
`Number oftillers: None
`Cytoplasm type: Normal
`C. Leaf
`
`

`

`5,633,427
`
`10
`
`TABLE 2-continued
`
`ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS FOR PHHB4
`AND ITS PARENTS PHW52 AND PHV94
`
`PARENTS
`
`9
`Stewart’s Wilt (Z. stewartii): Resistant
`Common Smut (U. maydis): Highly Resistant
`Head Smut(S. reiliana): Highly Resistant
`Fusarium Ear Mold (F- moniliforme): Intermediate
`Gibberella Ear Rot (G. zeae): Intermediate
`I. Insects
`
`European Corn Borer-1 Leaf Damage (Pre-fiowering):
`Susceptible
`European Corn Borer-2 (Post-flowering): Susceptible
`The above descriptions are based on a scale of 1-9, 1 being
`highly susceptible, 9 being highly resistant.
`S (Susceptible); Would generally represent a score of 1-3.
`I (Intermediate): Would generally represent a score of
`45.
`
`R (Resistant): Would generally represent a score of 6-7.
`H (Highly Resistant): Would generally represent a score
`of 8-9. Highly resistant does not imply the inbred
`isimmune.
`
`
`
`J. Variety Most Closely Resembling:
` Character Inbred
`
`Maturity
`PHW52
`
`Usage PHW52
`
`PHW52(PVP Certificate No. 8800215) is a Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
`Inc. proprietary inbred.
`
`Data for Items B, C, D, E, F, and G is based primarily on a
`maximum of two reps from Johnston, Iowa grown in 1992,
`plus description information from the maintaining station.
`
`ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS
`
`Isozyme Genotypes for PHHB4
`
`Isozyme data were generated for inbred corn line PHHB4
`according to the procedures described in Stuber, C. W.,
`Wendel, J. F, Goodman, M. M., and Smith, J. S. C.,
`“Techniques and Scoring Procedures for Starch Gel Elec-
`trophoresis of Enzymes from Maize (Zea mays L.)”, Tech-
`nical Bulletin No. 286, North Carolina Agricultural
`Research Service, North Carolina State University, Raleigh,
`N.C. (1988).
`The data in Table 2 compares PHHB4 with its parents,
`PHW52 and PHV94.
`
`TABLE 2
`
`ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS FOR PHHB4
`AND ITS PARENTS PHW52 AND PHV94
`
`PARENTS
`
`LOCI
`PHHB4
`PHWS52
`PHV94
`
`ACPI
`2
`2
`4
`ADHI1
`4
`4
`4
`CAT3
`9
`9
`9
`DIAI
`8
`8
`8
`GOTI1
`4
`4
`4
`GOT2
`2
`2
`4
`GOT3
`4
`4
`4
`IDHi
`4
`4
`4
`IDH2
`6
`6
`6
`MDHi
`6
`6
`6
`MDH2
`6
`6
`6
`MDH3
`16
`16
`16
`MDH4
`12
`12
`12
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`PHHB4 PHW52LOCI PHV94
`MDHS5
`1
`
`10
`
`PGM1
`PGM2
`PGD1
`PGD2
`PHI
`“joo
`
`eRUNHhODND
`
`meMUNOf
`
`
`
`RUbYAROBNW
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`65
`
`Examples
`
`INBRED AND HYBRID PERFORMANCE OF
`PHHB4
`
`In the examples that follow, the traits and characteristics
`of inbred corn line PHHB4 are given as a line in comparison
`with other inbreds and in hybrid combination. The data
`collected on inbred corn line PHHB4is presented for the key
`characteristics and traits.
`Table 3A compares PHHB4 to PHW52. PHHB4 has lower
`yield and grain harvest moisture but higher test weight than
`PHW52. PHHB4isa taller inbred with higher ear placement
`compared to PHW52. PHHB4hasbetter seedling vigor and
`sheds (GDU Shed)later than PHW52. PHHB4 has good ear
`texture but more scattergrain compared to PHW52. PHHB4
`has better resistance to Stewart’s wilt and first brood Euro-
`pean corn borer than PHW52.
`The data in Table 3B shows PHHB4 and PHP38 have
`similar yield and test weight but PHHB4 has lower grain
`harvest moisture. PHHB4 hasa larger ear andis taller with
`lower ear placement PHP38. PHHB4 flowers (GDU Shed
`and GDU Silk) later than PHP38. PHHB4 hasbetter Stew-
`art’s wilt resistance than PHP38.
`
`Table 3C compares PHHB4 to PHR61. The data shows
`PHHB¢has higher yield and lower test weight than PHRO1.
`PHHB4hasa larger ear and is a shorter inbred with lower
`ear placement than PHR61. PHHB4 flowers later (GDU
`Shed and GDU Silk)
`than PHR61. PHHB4 has better
`staygreen than PHR61.
`Table 4A compares PHHB4 to PHW52 when both were
`crossed to the same inbred testers. The PHHB4 hybrids have
`higher yield andtest weight but lower grain harvest moisture
`compared to the PHW52 hybrids. The hybrids have similar
`ear placement but the PHHB4hybridsare taller.
`Table 4B compares PHHB4 to PHP38 when both were
`crossed to the same inbredtesters. The PHHB4 hybrids have
`higher yield than the PHP38 hybrids. The PHHB4 hybrids
`shed (GDU Shed)later than the PHP38 hybrids.
`Table 4C compares PHHB4 to PHR61 when both were
`crossedto the same inbred testers. The PHHB4 hybrids have
`higher yield and grain harvest moisture compared to the
`PHR6O1 hybrids. The PHHB4hybrids shed (GDU Shed)later
`than the PHR61 hybrids. The PHHB4 hybrids have better
`grain appearance andare taller with lower ear placement
`compared to the PHR61L hybrids.
`Table 5A compares PHHB4 to PHW52 when both were
`crossed to the same inbred. The data shows the PHHB4
`hybrid is higher yielding with lower grain harvest moisture
`compared to the PHW52 hybrid. The PHHB4 hybrid has
`better test weight and grain appearance than the PHW52
`hybrid. The PHHB4hybridis taller with higher ear place-
`ment and sheds (GDU Shed)later than the PHW52 hybrid.
`
`

`

`5,633,427
`
`12
`11
`FIG.2 comparesthe yield of PHHB4 and PHP38. PHHB4
`Table 5B compares PHHB4 to PHR61 when both were
`crossed to the same inbred. The PHHB4 hybrid has higher_has loweryield across all environments compared to PHP38.
`yield and grain harvest moisture compared to the PHR61
`hybrid. The hybrids have similar plant height but the
`PHHB4 hybrid has lower ear placement than the PHR61 5
`hybrid. The PHHB4 hybrid sheds (GDU Shed)later than the
`PHR61 hybrid.
`
`FIG. 3 compares the yield of PHHB4 and PHRO1.
`PHHB4has below average yield except in the most extreme
`high yield environments. Compared to PHR61, PHHB4 is
`higheryielding in high yield environments but lower yield-
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`FIG. 1 comparesthe yield of PHHB4 to PHW52. PHHB4 10 ing in low yield environments.
`is lower yielding than PHW52 and has below average yield
`in low yield environments.
`
`TABLE 3A
`
`PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA
`VARIETY #1 - PHHB4
`VARIETY #2 - PHW52
`
`BU
`BU
`YLD
`EAR BAR
`PLE
`EAR
`SDG
`EST DRP
`TIL
`GDU
`GDU
`POL
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`VAR HT=VGRACR ACR SC MST SZ PIT HT CNT EAR LER SHD SLK sc
`
`
`
`DEPT
`#
`ABS %MN
`ABS
`ABS ABS ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS ABS ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`
`TO-
`1
`76.3
`96
`3.5
`79
`5.8
`920
`84.5
`28.3
`3.5
`373
`995
`08
`1451
`1480
`24
`TAL
`2
`82.9
`106
`63
`21.2
`58
`939
`156
`26.3
`49
`39.7
`999
`09
`1441
`1479
`6.2
`SUM LOCS
`30
`30
`19
`43
`17
`57
`53
`53
`55
`78
`8
`54
`55
`52
`18
`REPS
`78
`78
`20
`92
`17
`90
`92
`88
`82
`145
`16
`80
`65
`s7
`20
`DIFF
`6.6
`10
`08
`34
`O11
`19
`8.9
`2.1
`06
`23°
`04
`02
`10
`01
`3.8
`PROB
`098*
`093*
`028+
` 000#
`842
`204
` O00#
` .OO0#
`003%
` 000F
`.209
`599
`0.55*
`922
` .000#
`
`TAS
`TAS
`TEX
`TST
`GRN
`SCT
`STA
`STK
`RT
`EAR NIF
`STW ECB ECB
`VAR
`BLS
`SZ
`EAR
`WT
`APP
`GRN
`GRN
`LDG
`LDG
`MLD BIT WLT
`ILF
`28C
`DEPT
`#
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS ABS
`ABS ABS ABS
`
`TOTAL
`1
`9.0
`28
`6.6
`58.8
`6.1
`5.6
`5.2
`94.8
`98.2
`74
`43
`58
`38
`46
`SUM
`2
`9.0
`60
`5.9
`57.0
`5.6
`6.8
`57
`89.0
`98.1
`75
`39
`40
`31
`41
`LOCS
`1
`21
`14
`28
`14
`19
`32
`23
`14
`16
`13
`4
`19
`8
`REPS
`1
`23
`14
`72
`27
`20
`33
`Si
`25
`17
`20
`4
`24
`i4
`DIFF
`0.0
`3.2
`0.7
`18
`05
`1.2
`0.5
`5.8
`0.1
`01
`04
`18
`(0.7)
`«O04
`
`
`
`
`
`PROB 312=017+000# =§=.035+ 000# 153° 012+ 883 872 293 .O06# 062* 514
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`* = 10% SIG
`+= 5% SIG
`#= 1% SIG
`
`TABLE 3B
`
`PAIRED INBRED COMPARISON DATA
`VARIETY #1 - PHHB4
`VARIETY #2 - PHP38
`
`BU
`BU
`YLD
`EAR BAR
`PLT
`EAR
`SDG
`EST DRP TI.
`GDU
`GDU
`POL
`VAR
`ACR
`ACR
`SC
`MST
`SZ PLT
`HT
`HT
`VGR
`CNT EAR LER
`SHD
`SLE
`sc
`DEPT
`#
`ABS % MN
`ABS
`ABS ABS ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS ABS ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS
`
`To-
`1
`75.3
`95
`54
`75
`5.8
`92.2
`84.5
`28.3
`5.5
`37.8
`995
`0.7
`1450
`1479
`25
`TAL
`2
`THA
`99
`33
`18.7
`5.2
`91.6
`81.2
`29.3
`5.8
`40.0
`99.2
`11
`1426
`1440
`5.4
`SUM LOCS
`33
`33
`20
`4]
`7
`60
`53
`33
`55
`83
`8
`38
`60
`37
`22
`REPS
`66
`66
`21
`80
`19
`81
`81
`81
`715
`132
`16
`79
`68
`62
`24
`DIFF
`18
`4
`O1
`12
`06
`06
`3.3
`1.0
`0.3
`21
`03
`0.3
`24
`39
`29
`PROB
`599
`487
`785
`O00# .096*
`657
`O00#
` .050*
`113
`.002#
`406
`325
`0O0#
` .000#
` .000#
`
`TAS
`TAS
`TEX
`TST
`GRN
`scT
`STA
`STK
`RT
`EAR NLF-
`STW ECB ECB
`VAR
`BLS
`8Z
`EAR
`WT
`APP
`GRN
`GRN
`LDG
`LDG MLD BIT
`WLT
`ILF
`28C
`DEPT
`#
`ABS
`ABS
`ABS