United States Patent 1
`5,159,133
`[11] Patent Number:
`[45] Date of Patent:
`Riley
`Oct. 27, 1992
`
`US005159133A
`
`Poehlman (1987) In Breeding Field Crops, pp. 237-246,
`AOI Publishing Co. Westport CT.
`Bates (1974) Dept. Grain Sci Konas Stete Molecular.
`USA Londus Mexico, Cimmyt (Abst related on).
`Mowackiet al. (1972) Bull de L’Acad. Blonaisedes Sci
`ool xx #10, pp. 695-698.
`Sprogue et al. (1977) In/Com & Corn Improvement,
`Ed. by G. F. Sprogue, ASA Publication, Madison WI 1
`and 35.
`Galinat (1977) In/Corn & Corn Improvement, Ed. by
`G. F. Sprague, ASA Inc. Publication Madison WI, pp.
`1 and 35.
`Greenet al. (1982) In/Maize for Biol. Res. Ed W. Sher-
`don, pp. 367-372, Pl. Mol. Biol. Assoc. Dedota U Press
`
`M G
`
`ermplosm Presouces Information Het.
`Mays PI. 2137 82.
`Poehhman (1987), Breeding Field Crops, pp. 38-41,
`AUI PUblishing Company Inc. Westport CT.
`
`(1954), Zea
`
`Primary Examiner—Elizabeth C. Weimar
`Assistant Examiner—Gary Benzion
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Patricia A. Sweeney
`
`[57]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`According to the invention, there is provided an inbred
`corn line, designated PHV37. This invention thus re-
`lates to the plants and seeds of inbred corn line PHV37
`and to methodsfor producing a corn plant produced by
`crossing the inbred line PHV37 with itself or with an-
`other corn plant. This invention further relates to hy-
`brid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the
`inbred line PHV37 with another corn line or plant and
`to crosses with related species.
`
`5 Claims, No Drawings
`
`Inari Exhibit 1092
`Inari Exhibit 1092
`Inari v. Pioneer
`Inari v. Pioneer
`
`[$4]
`
`[75]
`
`INBRED CORN LINE PHV37
`
`Inventor:
`
`RaymondD. Riley, Humboldt, Iowa
`
`[73] Assignee:
`
`Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.,
`Des Moines, Iowa
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 402,107
`
`[22] Filed:
`
`Aug. 30, 1989
`
`[51]
`
`Int. CLSeee A01H 5/00; AO1H 4/00;
`C12H 5/04
`[52] UVS. Ch.eee cccceeeeeeereeereeeee 800/200; 800/250;
`800/DIG. 56; 435/240.4; 435/240.49;
`435/240.5
`{58] Field of Search............... 800/200, 250, DIG. 56;
`47/58; 435/240.4, 240.49, 240.5
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,812.600
`
`3/1989 Jensen oe eect eeeenees 800/1
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Duncan, et al (1985) Production of Callus Capable of
`Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryos of Numer-
`ous Zea Mays Genotypes, Planta 165:322-332.
`Songstad
`(1988) Effect of ACC (l-aminocyclo-
`propane-1l-carboxylic acid), Silver Nitrate, and Nor-
`bornadiene on Piant Regeneration from Maize Callus
`Cultures, Plant Cell Reports 7:262-265.
`Rao, et al
`(1986) Somatic Embryogenesis in Glume
`Callus Cultures Maize Genetics Cooperation Newslet-
`ter 60:64-65.
`.
`
`Congar, et al (1987) Somatic Embrogenesis from Cul-
`tured Leaf Segments of Zea mays, Plant Cell Reports
`6:345-347.
`
`

`

`5,159,133
`
`1
`
`INBRED CORN LINE PHV37
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`This invention is in the field of corn breeding,specifi-
`cally relating to an inbred corn line designated PHV37.
`BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION
`
`The goal of plant breeding is to combine in a single
`variety/hybrid various desirable traits. For field crops,
`these traits may include resistance to diseases and in-
`sects, tolerance to heat and drought, reducing the time
`to crop maturity, greater yield, and better agronomic
`quality. With mechanical harvesting of many crops,
`uniformity of plant characteristics such as germination
`and stand establishment, growth rate, maturity, and
`fruit size, is important.
`Field crops are bred through techniques that take
`advantage of the plant’s method of pollination. A plant
`is self-pollinated if pollen from one floweris transferred
`to the same or anotherflowerof the same plant. A plant
`is cross-pollinated if the pollen comes from a flower on
`a different plant.
`Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for
`type for many generations become homozygousatal-
`most all gene loci and produce a uniform population of
`true breeding progeny. A cross between two homozy-
`gous lines produce a uniform population of hybrid
`plants that may be heterozygous for many gene loci. A
`cross of two plants each heterozygous at a number of
`gene loci will produce a population of hybrid plants that
`differ genetically and will not be uniform.
`Corn plants (Zea mays L.) can be bred by both self-
`pollination and cross-pollination techniques. Corn has
`separate male and female flowers on the same plant,
`located on the tassel and the ear, respectively. Natural
`pollination occurs in corn when wind blows pollen
`from the tassels to the silks that protrude from the tops
`of the incipient ears.
`The development of corn hybrids requires the devel-
`opment of homozygous inbred lines,
`the crossing of
`these lines, and the evaluation of the crosses. Pedigree
`breeding and recurrent selection breeding methods are
`used to develop inbred lines from breeding populations.
`Breeding programs combine the genetic backgrounds
`from two or more inbred lines or various other broad-
`based sources into breeding pools from which new
`inbred lines are developed by selfing and selection of
`desired phenotypes. The new inbredsare crossed with
`otherinbred lines and the hybrids from these crosses are
`evaluated to determine which of those have commercial
`potential.
`Pedigree breeding for single-gene traits starts with
`the crossing of two genotypes, each of which may have
`one or more desirable characteristics that is lacking in
`the other or which complement the other. If the two
`original parents do not provideall of the desired charac-
`teristics, other sources can be included in the breeding
`pofulation. In the pedigree method, superior plants are
`selfed and selected in successive generations.
`In the
`succeeding generations the heterozygous condition
`gives way to homogeneouslinesas a result ofself-polli-
`nation and selection. Typically in the pedigree method
`of breeding five or more generations of selfing and
`selection is practiced: Fj—F2;F.-F3; F3->F4;F4—Fs,
`etc.
`
`Backcrossing can be used to improve an inbredline.
`Backcrossing transfers a specific desirable trait from
`
`30
`
`40
`
`45
`
`65
`
`2
`one inbred or source to an inbred that lacks thattrait.
`This can be accomplished for examplebyfirst crossing
`a superior inbred (A) (recurrent parent) to a donor
`inbred (non-recurrent parent), which carries the appro-
`priate gene(s) for the trait in question. The progeny of
`this cross is then mated back to the superior recurrent
`parent (A) followed by selection in the resultant prog-
`eny for the desired trait to be transferred from the non-
`recurrent parent. After five or more backcross genera-
`tions with selection for the desired trait, the progeny
`will be heterozygousfor loci controlling the character-
`istic being transferred, but will be like the superior par-
`ent for most or almost all other genes. The last back-
`cross generation would beselfed to give pure breeding
`progeny for the gene(s) being transferred.
`A single cross hybrid corn variety is the cross of two
`inbred lines, each of which has a genotype which com-
`plements the genotype of the other. The hybrid prog-
`eny ofthefirst generation is designated F}. In the devel-
`opment of hybrids only the F; hybrid plants are sought.
`Preferred F, hybrids are more vigorous than their in-
`bred parents. This hybrid vigor, or heterosis, can be
`manifested in many polygenictraits, including increased
`vegetative growth and increased yield.
`The development of a hybrid corn variety involves
`three steps: (1) the selection of plants from various
`germplasm pools; (2) the selfing of the selected plants
`for several generations to produce a series of inbred
`lines, which, although different from each other, each
`breed true and are highly uniform; and (3) crossing the
`selected inbred lines with unrelated inbred lines to pro-
`duce the hybrid progeny (Fj). During the inbreeding
`process in corn, the vigor of the lines decreases. Vigor
`is restored when twounrelated inbred lines are crossed
`to produce the hybrid progeny (F1). An important con-
`sequence of the homozygosity and homogeneity of the
`inbred lines is that the hybrid between any two inbreds
`will always be the same. Once the inbreds that give a
`superior hybrid have been identified, the hybrid seed
`can be reproducedindefinitely as long as the homogene-
`ity of the inbred parents is maintained.
`A single cross hybrid is produced when twoinbred
`lines are crossed to produce the F) progeny. A double
`cross hybrid is produced from four inbred lines crossed
`in pairs (A x B and CXxD) and then the two F; hybrids
`are crossed again (A X B) X(C XD). Much of the hybrid
`vigor exhibited by F; hybrids is lost in the next genera-
`tion (F2). Consequently, seed from hybrid varieties is
`not used for planting stock.
`Corn is an important and valuable field crop. Thus, a
`continuing goal of plant breeders is to develop high-
`yielding corn hybrids that are agronomically sound
`based on stable inbred lines. The reasons for this goal
`are obvious: to maximize the amountof grain produced
`with the inputs used and minimize susceptibility to envi-
`ronmental stresses. To accomplish this goal, the corn
`breeder must select and develop superior inbred paren-
`tal lines for producing hybrids. This requires identifica-
`tion and selection of genetically unique individuals
`which in a segregating population occurasthe result of
`a combination of crossover events plus the independent
`assortment of specific combinations of alleles at many
`gene loci which results in specific genotypes. Based on
`the numberof segregating genes, the frequency of oc-
`currenceof an individual with a specific genotypeis less
`than 1 in 10,000. Thus, even if the entire genotype of the
`parents has been characterized and the desired geno-
`
`

`

`5,159,133
`
`4
`
`GDU = (Max, temp. = Min. temp)
`
`__ 50
`
`3
`type is known, only a fewif any individuals having the
`desired genotype may be foundin a large F2 or So popu-
`lation. Typically, however, the genotype of neither the
`parents nor the desired genotype is known in any detail.
`SUMMARYOF THE INVENTION
`
`Accordingto the invention,there is provided a novel
`inbred corn line, designated PHV37. This invention
`thus relates to the seeds of inbred corn line PHV37,to
`the plants of inbred corn line PHV37, and to methods
`for producing a corn plant produced by crossing the
`inbred line PHV37 with itself or another corn line. This
`invention further relates to hybrid corn seeds and plants
`produced by crossing the inbred line PHV37 with an-
`other corn line or a related species.
`DEFINITIONS
`
`In the description and examples that follow, a number
`of termsare used herein. In order to provide a clear and
`consistent understanding ofthe specification and claims,
`including the scope to be given such terms, the follow-
`ing definitions are provided:
`BAR PLT=BARREN PLANTS. This is the num-
`ber of plants per plot that were not barren (lack ears).
`BRT STK=BRITTLE STALKS. This is a measure
`of the stalk breakage near the time of pollination, and is
`an indication of whether a hybrid or inbred would snap
`or break nearthe time of flowering under severe winds.
`Data are presented as percentage of plants that did not
`snap.
`BU ACR=YIELD (BUSHELS/ACRE). Actual
`yield of the grain at harvest adjusted to 15.5% moisture.
`ABS is in absolute terms and % MN is percent of the
`meanfor the experiments in which the inbred or hybrid
`was grown.
`CLD TST=COLDTEST.Thisis the percentage of
`kernels that germinate undercold soil conditions. ABS-
`s=absolute measurement and % MNis percentage of
`mean of the experiments in which inbred or hybrid was
`grown.
`COB SC=COB SCORE.Thecobscoreis a rating of
`howwell the grain is shelled off the cob and how badly
`the cobis broken up going through the combine. Thisis
`given as a I to 9 score with 9 being very good. A high
`score indicates that the grain shells off of the cob well,
`and the cob does not break.
`DRP EAR=DROPPEDEARS.This is a measure
`of the number of dropped ears per plot and represents
`the percentage of plants that did not drop ears prior to
`harvest.
`EAR HT=EAR HEIGHT.Theear height is a mea-
`sure from the ground to the top developed ear node
`attachment and is measured in inches.
`EAR SZ=EAR SIZE.A 1 to 9 visual rating of ear
`size. The higher the rating the larger the earsize.
`EST CNT=EARLY STAND COUNT.This is a
`measure of the stand establishment in the spring and
`represents the numberof plants that emerge on a per
`plot basis for the inbred or hybrid.
`GDU SHD=GDU TO SHED. The number of
`growing degree units (GDUs)or heat units required for
`an inbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50 per-
`cent of the plants shedding pollen and is measured from
`the time of planting. Growing degree units are calcu-
`lated by the Barger Method, wherethe heat units for a
`24-hour period are:
`
`5
`
`35
`
`60
`
`65
`
`The highest maximum temperature used is 86° F. and
`the lowest minimum temperature used is 50° F. For
`each inbred or hybrid it
`takes a certain number of
`GDUsto reach various stages of plant development.
`GDU SLK=GDUTOSILK. The numberof grow-
`ing degree units required for an inbred line or hybrid to
`have approximately 50 percent of the plants with silk
`emergencefrom timeofplanting. Growing degree units
`are calculated by the Barger Method as given in GDU
`SHDdefinition.
`GRN QUL=GRAIN QUALITY.This is a 1 to 9
`rating for the general quality of the shelled grain as it is
`harvested based on such factors as the color of the
`harvested grain, any mold on the grain, and any cracked
`grain. High scores indicate good grain quality.
`KER LB=KERNELS PER POUND. This is the
`number of kernels per 0.1 pound.
`KSZ L=KERNELSIZE LARGE.Percentage by
`weightofshelled corn that passes through a screen with
`25/64 inch diameter openings but does not pass through
`a screen with 22/64 inch diameter openings.
`KSZ MF=KERNELSIZE MEDIUM FLAT.Per-
`centage by weightof shelled corn that passes through a
`screen with 22/64 inch diameter openings and a screen
`with 13/64 inch wide slot screen but does not pass
`through a screen with 18.5/64 inch diameter openings.
`KSZ MR=KERNEL SIZE MEDIUM ROUND.
`Percentage by weight of shelled corn that passes
`through a screen with 22/64 inch diameter openings but
`does not pass through a 13/64 inch wide slot screen or
`a screen with 18.5/64 inch diameter openings.
`KSZ S=KERNELSIZE SMALL.Percentage by
`weight of shelled corn that through with 18 /64 inch
`diameter openings ut does not pass through a screen
`with 16/64 inch diameter openings.
`KSZ TIP=KERNEL SIZE TIPS. Percentage by
`weightofshelled corn that passes through a screen with
`16/64 inch diameter openings.
`KSZ XL=KERNELSIZE EXTRA LARGE.Per-
`centage by weight of shelled corn that does not pass
`through a screen with 25/64 inch diameter openings.
`MST=HARVEST MOISTURE. The moisture is
`the actual percentage moisture of the grain at harvest.
`PLT HT=PLANT HEIGHT.Thisis a measure of
`the heightofthe plant from the groundtothetip of the
`tassel in inches.
`POL WT=POLLEN WEIGHT.Thisis the weight
`of pollen per 100 piants taken on a plot basis. ABS refers
`to data in absolute, and % MNrefers to data presented
`as percentage of experimental mean.
`PRM=PREDICTEDRM.Thistrait, predicted rela-
`tive maturity (RM), is based on the harvest moisture of
`the grain. The relative maturity rating is based on a
`knownset of checks and utilizes standard linear regres-
`sion analyses and is referred to as the Minnesota Rela-
`tive Maturity Rating System.
`RT LDG=ROOT LODGING. Rootlodgingis the
`percentage of plants that do not root lodge; plants that
`lean from the vertical axis at an approximately 30° angle
`or greater would be counted as root lodged.
`SCT GRN=SCATTER GRAIN. A 1
`to 9 visual
`rating indicating the amount of scatter grain (lack of
`pollination or kernel] abortion) on the ear. The higher
`the score the less scatter grain.
`
`

`

`5,159,133
`
`— 0
`
`20
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`5
`SDG VGR=SEEDLING VIGOR. This is the vi-
`sual rating (1 to 9) of the amount of vegetative growth
`after emergence at the seedling stage (approximately
`five leaves). A higher score indicates better vigor.
`SEL IND=SELECTION INDEX. Theselection
`index gives a single measure of the hybrid’s worth based
`on information for up to five traits. A corn breeder may
`utilize his or her ownset oftraits for the selection index.
`One ofthe traits that is almost always includedis yield.
`The selection index data presented in the tables repre-
`sent the mean value averaged acrosstesting stations.
`STA GRN=STAY GREEN. Staygreen is the mea-
`sure of plant health near the time of black layer forma-
`tion (physiological maturity). A high score indicates
`better late-season plant health.
`STK CNT=NUMBER OF PLANTS.This is the
`final stand or numberofplants per plot.
`STK LDG=STALK LODGING. This is the per-
`centage of plants that did not stalk lodge (stalk break-
`age) as measured by either natural lodging or pushing
`the stalks and determining the percentage of plants that
`break below theear.
`TAS BLS=TASSEL BLAST.A 1 to 9 visual rating
`was used to measure the degreeofblasting (necrosis due
`to heat stress) of the tassel at time of flowering. A 1
`would indicate a very high level of blasting at time of
`flowering, while a 9 would have notassel blasting.
`TAS SZ=TASSELSIZE.A 1 to 9 visual rating was
`used to indicate the relative size of the tassel. The
`higher the rating the larger the tassel.
`TAS WT=TASSEL WEIGHT.This is the average
`weight of a tassel (grams) just prior to pollen shed.
`TEX EAR=EAR TEXTURE.A 1 to 9 visual rating
`was used to indicate the relative hardness (smoothness
`of crown) of mature grain. A 1 would be, very soft
`(exireme dent) while a 9 would be very hard (flinty or
`very smooth crown).
`TILLER=TILLERS. A count of the number of
`tillers per plot
`that could possibly shed pollen was
`taken. Data is given as percentage oftillers: number of
`tillers per plot divided by number of plants per plot.
`TST WT=TEST WEIGHT UNADJUSTED. The
`measureof the weight of the grain in poundsfor a given
`volume (bushel).
`TST WTA=TEST WEIGHT ADJUSTED. The
`measure of the weight of the grain in poundsfor a given
`volume (bushel) adjusted for percent moisture.
`YLD=YIELD. It is the same as BU ACR ABS.
`YLD SC=YIELD SCORE.A 1 to 9 visual rating
`was used to give a relative rating for yield based on plot
`ear piles. The higher the rating the greater visual yield
`appearance.
`CLN=Corn Lethal Necrosis (MCMVMaize Chlo-
`rotic Mottle Virus and MDMV= Maize Dwarf Mosaic
`Virus): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is very
`susceptible and a “9” is very resistant.
`MDM CPX=Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex
`(MDMV=Maize Dwarf Mosaic
`Virus
`and
`MCDV = Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus): Visual rating
`(1-9 score) where a “1” is very susceptible and a “9”is
`very resistant.
`COM SMT=Common Smut (Ustilago maydis): Per-
`centage of plants that did not have infection.
`ANT ROT=Anthracnose Stalk Rot (Colletotrichum
`graminicola): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is
`very susceptible and a “9”is very resistant.
`
`6
`SLF BLT=Southern Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis,
`Helminthosporium maydis): Visual rating (1-9 score)
`where a ‘‘1” is very susceptible and “9” is very resistant.
`NLF BLT=Northern Leaf Blight (Exserohilum tur-
`cicum, H. turcicum): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a
`“1” is very susceptible and a “9” is very resistant.
`HC BLT=Helminthosporium Carbonum Leaf
`Blight (Bipolariszeicola, H. carbonum): Visual rating
`(1-9 score) where a “1” is very susceptible and a “9”is
`very resistant.
`COM RST=CommonRust(Puccinia sorghi): Visual
`rating (1-9 score) where a ‘‘1’’ is very susceptible and a
`“9” is very resistant.
`SO RST= Southern Rust (Puccinia polysora): Visual
`rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is very susceptible and a
`“9” is very resistant.
`EYE SPT=Eyespot (Kabatiella zeae): Visual rating
`(1-9 score) where a “1” is very susceptible and a “9” is
`very resistant.
`GLF SPT=Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora zeae-may-
`dis): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a “‘1” is very sus-
`ceptible and a 9” is very resistant.
`STW WLT=Stewart’s Wilt (Erwinia stewartii): Vi-
`sual rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is very susceptible
`and a ‘9” is very resistant.
`GOS WLT=Goss’s Wilt (Corynebacterium nebras-
`kense): Visual rating (1-9 score) where a “1” is very
`susceptible and a “9”is very resistant.
`HD SMT=Head Smut (Spacelotheca reiliana): Per-
`centage of plants that did not have infection.
`DNY MIL=Downy Mildew (Feronosclerospora
`sorghi): Percentage of plants that did not haveinfection.
`FUS EAR=Fusarium Ear Mold (Fusarium monili-
`forme): Percentage of plants that did not haveinfection.
`EAR MLD=General! Ear Mold: Visual rating (1-9
`score) where a “1” is very susceptible and a “9”is very
`resistant. This is based on overall rating for ear mold of
`without determining specific mold organism, and may
`not be predictive for a specific ear mold.
`ECB DPE=Dropped ears due to European Corn
`Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis): Percentage of plants that did
`not drop ears under second brood corn borer infesta-
`tion.
`
`ECB 2SC=European Corn Borer Second Brood
`(Ostrinia nubilalis): Visual rating (1-9 score) of post
`flowering damage dueto infestation by European Com
`Borer. A “I” is very susceptible and a ‘9”’ is very resis-
`tant.
`
`ECB 1LF=European Corn Borer First Brood (Os-
`trinia nubilalis): Visual rating (1-9 score) of pre-flower-
`ing leaf feeding by European Corn Borer. A “1”is very
`susceptible and a “9” is very resistant.
`ECB 2IT=European Corn Borer Second Brood
`Tunneling (Ostrinia nubilalis): The average inches of
`tunneling in the stalk due to second brood (post-flower-
`ing) European Corn Borerinfestation. Determined by
`splitting stalks with a knife, from four internodes above
`the ear to the ground.
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`INVENTION
`
`65
`
`Inbred Corn Line PHV37 is a yellow, dent corn in-
`bred with superior characteristics and provides an ex-
`cellent female parental line in crosses for producingfirst
`generation F; corn hybrids. This inbred is best adapted
`over the Northern region of the United States. The
`inbred can be used to produce hybrids from approxi-
`mately 100-115 relative maturity based on the Minne-
`
`

`

`5,159,133
`
`8
`TABLE 1-continued
`PHV37
`VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION
`
`Region Best Adapted: North
`Type: Dent
`A. Maturity: Averaged across Northern maturity zone.
`Zone: 2
`INBRED = PHV37
`Heat Unit Shed: 1410
`Heat Unit Silk: 1440
`No. Reps: 30
`
`7
`sota Relative Maturity Rating System for harvest mois-
`ture of grain. PHV37is a very acceptable female parent
`because of its high yields, acceptable sizing and good
`cold test scores. It is not acceptable for use as a male
`Position of Shank (dry husks): Horizontal
`parent because of marginal pollen shed. PHV37 was
`Kerne} Rows: Distinct, slightly curved, Number = 16
`only 47% of the experimental mean for amountofpol-
`Husk Color(fresh): Light green
`Husk Color (dry): Buff
`len in the pollen yield test averaged over 5 locations.
`Shank Length: 12 cm
`The inbred has shown uniformity and stability within
`Shank (No. of internodes): 9
`the limits of environmental influence for all the traits as
`™
`
`Kernel(Dried):_
`described in the Variety Description Information
`Size (from ear mid-point)
`(Tabie 1) that follows. Most of the data in the Variety
`Length: 1! mm
`Width: 9 mm
`Description Information was collected at Johnston,
`Thick: 5 mm
`Iowa. The inbred has been self-pollinated and ear-
`Shape Grade (% rounds): 20-40% medium rounds based on
`Parent Test.
`rowed a sufficient number of generations with careful
`attention paid to uniformity of plant type to ensure
`Pericarp Color: Colorless
`Aleurone Color: Homozygousyellow
`homozygosity and phenotypic stability. The line has
`Endosperm Color: Yellow
`been increased both by hand andin isolated fields with
`Endosperm Type: Normal
`continued observations for uniformity. No varianttraits
`Gm W1/100 Seeds (unsized): 30 gm
`Cob:
`have been observed or are expected in PHV37.
`Inbred corn line PHV37, being substantially homozy-
`Diameter at mid-point: 26 mm
`Strength: Strong
`gous, can be reproduced by planting seeds ofthe line,
`Color: Red
`growing the resulting corn plants underself-pollinating
`Diseases:
`or sib-pollinating conditions with adequate isolation,
`Corn Lethal Necrosis (MCMV = Maize Chiorotic Mottle
`and harvesting the resulting seed, using techniques fa-
`Virus and MDMV= Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus): Resistant
`miliar to the agricultural arts.
`Anthracnose Stalk Rot (C. Graminicola): Intermediate
`N. Leaf Blight (H. Turcicum): Intermediate
`TABLE 1
`
`Carbonum Leaf Blight (H. Carbonum): Susceptible
`PHV37
`Common Rust (P. Sorghi): Susceptible
`VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION
`Eye Spot (K. Zeae): Intermediate
`Gray Leaf Spot (C. Zeae): Intermediate
`Stewarts Wilt (E. Srewartii): Resistant
`Goss’s Wilt (C. Nebraskense): Resistant
`Common Smut (U. Mapdis): Intermediate
`Head Smut (S. Reiliana): Resistant
`Fusarium Ear Mold (F. Moniliforme): Intermediate
`Insects:
`European Corn Borer-1 Leaf Damage (Pre-flowering):
`Intermediate
`[Max. Temp. (< —86° F.) +
`European Corn Borer-2 (Post-flowering): Intermediate
`Min. T
`~ 50° F.)]*
`ae
`Variety Most Closely Resembling:
`HEAT UNITS =oem(SSOPP50,
`Character
`Inbred
`Maturity
`BOS
`40
`*If maximum is greater than 86 degrees fahrenheit. then 86 is used and if minimum
`Usage
`PHK29
`
`is Jess than SO, then 50 is used. Heat units accumulated daily and can not be less than
`0.
`B.PlantCharacteristics:
`
`BOS (PVP Certificate No. 8300142) and PHK29
`Plant height (to tassel tip): 214 cm
`(PVP Certificate No. 8700214 and U.S. Pat. No.
`Length of top ear internode: 13 cm
`Numberof ears per stalk: Single
`4,812,600) are Pioneer proprietary inbreds. BO9 is
`Ear height (to base of top ear): 71 cm
`quickly declining in usage but is of similar maturity.
`Numberoftillers: None
`Data for items B, C, D, E, F, and G are primarily
`Cytoplasm type: Normal
`Leaf:
`based on a maximum ofthree reps of data from John-
`Color: (B14) Dark green
`ston, Iowa in 1987 and 1988, plus description informa-
`Angle from Stalk: 30-60 degrees
`tion from the maintaining station.
`Marginal Waves: (OH7L) Many
`TABLE 2
`Number of Leaves (mature plants): 19
`ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS
`Sheath Pubescence: (W22) Light
`Longitudinal Creases: (PA11) Many
`Isozyme Genotypes for PHV37
`Length (Ear node leaf): 76 cm
`Isozyme data was generated for inbred corn line PHV37
`Width (widest point, ear node Jeaf): 8 cm
`according to the procedure described in Goodman, M. M. and
`Tassel:
`Stuber, C. M., “Genetic identification of lines and crosses
`Numberlateral branches: 5
`using isoenzyme electrophoresis," Proceedings of the Thirty-
`Branch Angle from central spike: <30 degrees
`Fifth Annual Corn and Sorghum Industry Research Conference,
`Pollen Shed: Light based on pollen Yield Test
`Chicago, Illinois (1980).
`(47% of experiment mean).
`Alleles Present
`Peduncle Length (top jeaf to basal branches): 22 cm
`PHV37
`Loci
`
`Anther Color: Yellowwith slight pink
`Glume Color: Green
`ACPI
`ADH]
`Ear (Husked Ear Data Except When Stated Otherwise):
`CAT3
`Length: 14 cm
`DIAI
`Weight: 105 gm
`GOT]
`Mid-point Diameter: 43 mm
`GOT2
`Silk Color: Green
`GOT3
`Husk Extension (Harvest stage): Very Long (> 10 cm)
`IDH]
`Husk Leaf: Long (>15 cm)
`IDH2
`Taper of Ear: Slight taper
`
`o
`
`=
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35 |
`
`45
`
`50
`
`355
`
`65
`
`AhhhEOCHE&
`
`

`

`5,159,133
`
`9
`TABLE 2-continued
`ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS
`Isozyme Genotypes for PHV37
`Isozyme data was generated for inbred corn line PHV37
`according to the procedure described in Goodman. M. M. and
`Stuber, C. M., “Genetic identification of lines and crosses
`using isoenzyme electrophoresis.” Proceedings of the Thirty-
`Fifth Annual Corn and Sorghum Industry Research Conference.
`Chicago. Hlinois (1980}.
`Alleles Present
`
`Loci
`MDH1
`MDH?
`MDH3
`MDH4
`MDHS
`MMM
`PGM}
`PGM2
`PGD1
`PGD2
`PHI!
`
`PHV37
`6
`6
`16
`12
`12
`4
`9
`4
`2
`5
`4
`
`10
`
`45
`
`20
`
`INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
`
`This invention also is directed to methods for produc-
`ing a corn plant by crossing a first parent corn plant
`with a second parent corn plant wherein the first or
`second parent corn plant is an inbred corn plant from
`the line PHV37. Further, both first and second parent
`corn plants can comefrom the inbred corn line PHV37.
`Thus, any such methods using the inbred corn line
`PHV37 are part of this invention: selfing, backcrosses,
`hybrid production, crosses to populations, and thelike.
`All plants produced using inbred corn line PHV37 as a
`parent are within the scope ofthis invention. Advanta-
`geously, the inbred corn line is used in crosses with
`other, different, corn inbreds to producefirst generation
`(F)) corn hybrid seeds and plants with superior charac-
`teristics.
`the terms ‘‘plant and plant parts”
`As used herein,
`include plant cells, plant protoplasts, plant cell tissue
`culture from which corn plants can be regenerated,
`plant calli, plant clumps, andplantcells that are intact in
`plants or parts of plants, such as embryos,pollen, flow-
`ers, kernels, ears, cobs, leaves, husks, stalks, roots, root
`tips. anthers, silk and the like.
`Tissue culture of corn is described in European Pa-
`tent Application, publication 160,390,
`incorporated
`herein by reference. Corn tissue culture procedures are
`also described in Green and Rhodes, “Plant Regenera-
`tion in Tissue Culture of Maize,” Maize for Biological
`Research (Plant Molecular Biology Association, Char-
`lottsville, Va. 1982, at 36-372. Thus, another aspect of
`this invention is to provide cells which upon growth
`and differentiation produce the inbred hne PHV37.
`The utility of inbred line PHV37 also extends to
`crosses with other species. Commonly, suitable species
`will be of the family Graminaceae, and especially of the
`genera Zea, Tripsacum, Coix, Schlerachne, Polytoca,
`Chionachne, and Trilobachne,of the tribe Maydeae. Of
`these, Zea and Tripsacum, are most preferred. Poten-
`tially suitable for crosses with PHV37 maybe the vari-
`ous varieties of grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.)
`Moench.
`Corn is used as human food, livestock feed, and as
`raw material in industry. The food uses of corn,in addi-
`tion to human consumption of corn kernels, include
`both products of dry- and wet-milling industries and
`alkaline cooking. The principal products of corn dry
`milling are grits, meal and flour. The corn wet-milling
`
`10
`industry can provide corn starch, corn syrups, and dex-
`trose for food use. Alkaline cooking provides snack
`foods(i.e., corn chips, tortillas, etc.) Corn oil is recov-
`ered from corn germ, which is a by-product of both
`dry- and wet-milling industries.
`Corn, including both grain and non-grain portions of
`the plant,
`is also used extensively as livestock feed,
`primarily for beef cattle, dairy cattle, hogs, and poultry.
`Industrial uses of corn are mainly from corn starch
`from the wet-milling industry and corn flour from the
`dry-milling industry. The industrial applications of corn
`starch and flour are based on functional properties, such
`as viscosity, film formation, adhesive properties, and
`ability to suspend particles. The corn starch and flour
`have application in the paper and textile industries.
`Other industrial uses include applications in adhesives,
`building materials, foundry binders, laundry starches,
`explosives, oil-well muds, and other mining applica-
`tions.
`Plant parts other than the grain of corn are also used
`in industry. Stalks and husks are made into paper and
`wallboard and cobsare used for fuel and to make char-
`coal.
`The seed of inbred corn line PHV37, the plant pro-
`duced from the inbred seed, the hybrid corn plant pro-
`duced from the crossing of the inbred, hybrid seed, and
`various parts of the hybrid corn plant can beutilized for
`human food, livestock feed, and as a raw material in
`industry.
`
`EXAMPLEInbred and Hybrid Performance of
`PHV37
`
`w 5
`
`In the examples that follow the traits and characteris-
`tics of inbred corn line PHV37 are given as a line and in
`hybrid combination. The data collected on inbred corn
`line PHV37 is presented for the key characteristics and
`traits.
`
`The results in Table 3 compare PHV37 to PHK29.
`PHK29 (PVPCertificate #8700214, Pat. No. 4,812,600)
`is an important inbred that would be used as a female in
`someofthe areas that PHV37 would be used and would
`cross well with some of the same inbredlines. This data
`has been collected over three years of research testing.
`The results show that the two lines differ significantly
`for a numberoftraits. PHV37 averaged 8.2 more bush-
`els per acre in yield than PHK29. PHV37 had fewer
`barren plants, better early stand count, cold test, better
`seedling vigor, was earlier to flower, shorter and had
`higher grain test weight than PHK29.
`The results in Table 4 compare PHV37 to PHK29
`crossed to the sameinbred testers. The results show that
`the twolinesdiffer significantly for a numberoftraits in
`hybrid combination. The PHV37 hybrids were earlier
`in maturity (flowering and harvest moisture of the
`grain) than the PHK29 hybrids. The PHV37 hybrids
`scored higher in seedling vigor and early stand count
`than the PHK29 hybrids indicating that they would
`have excellent stand establishment in the spring.
`Theresults in Table 5 compare a PHV37 hybrid to
`Pioneer @) brand hybrid 3569. These hybrids have a
`parent in commonthat is not PHV37. The PHV37hy-
`brid would be utilized