Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
`
`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:28:45.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 1 of 23
`
`

`

`The Yeasts,
`a Taxonomic Study
`Volume 2
`
`Fifth Edition
`
`Edited by
`
`Cletus P. Kurtzman
`Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit
`National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research
`Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture
`Peoria, Illinois, USA
`
`Jack W. Fell
`Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
`University of Miami
`Key Biscayne, Florida, USA
`
`and
`
`Teun Boekhout
`CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre
`Utrecht, The Netherlands
`
`Amsterdam G Boston G Heidelberg G London G New York G Oxford
`Paris G San Diego G San Francisco G Singapore G Sydney G Tokyo
`
`Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
`
`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:29:05.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 2 of 23
`
`

`

`Elsevier
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`Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
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`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:29:17.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 3 of 23
`
`

`

`Chapter 87
`
`Blastobotrys von Klopotek (1967)
`
`Maudy Th. Smith, G. Sybren de Hoog, Adele Statzell-Tallman and Cletus P. Kurtzman
`
`DIAGNOSIS OF THE GENUS
`
`Asexual reproduction: Colonies are restricted, dry, dull, snow-white, cream to tannish, and consist of appressed hyphal growth. Budding cells
`are absent or present. Conidiophores are suberect, sympodial, and produce conidia in clusters on a rachis or alongside hyphae. Conidia are
`borne on pedicels or denticles, or are sessile. Primary conidia produce smaller, secondary conidia, either synchronously or sympodially in
`short, acropetal chains; primary conidia often bear setae. Septa have micropores.
`Sexual reproduction: Trichomonascus represents the teleomorphic state of Blastobotrys.
`Physiology/biochemistry: Sugars are often fermented. Nitrate is assimilated by some species. Where known, coenzyme Q-9 is produced. The
`diazonium blue B reaction is negative.
`Phylogenetic placement: Saccharomycetales, Trichomonascaceae (Figs 13.1, 87.1).
`
`TYPE SPECIES
`
`Blastobotrys nivea von Klopotek
`
`SPECIES ACCEPTED
`
`1. Blastobotrys adeninivorans (Middelhoven, Hoogkamer-Te Niet & Kreger-van Rij) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`2. Blastobotrys americana Kurtzman (2007c)
`3. Blastobotrys arbuscula de Hoog, Rantio-Lehtimäki & M.Th. Smith (1985)
`4. Blastobotrys aristata Marvanová (1976)
`5. Blastobotrys attinorum (Carreiro, Pagnocca, Rosa & Lachance) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`6. Blastobotrys capitulata de Hoog, Rantio-Lehtimäki & M. Th. Smith (1985)
`7. Blastobotrys chiropterorum (Grose & Marinkelle) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`8. Blastobotrys elegans de Hoog, Rantio-Lehtimäki & M.Th. Smith (1985)
`9. Blastobotrys illinoisensis Kurtzman (2007c)
`10. Blastobotrys indianensis (Kurtzman) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`11. Blastobotrys malaysiensis Kurtzman (2007c)
`12. Blastobotrys mokoenaii (Mokwena, Jansen van Rensburg & Myburgh) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`13. Blastobotrys muscicola Kurtzman (2007c)
`14. Blastobotrys nivea von Klopotek (1967)
`15. Blastobotrys parvus (Fell & Statzell) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`16. Blastobotrys peoriensis Kurtzman (2007c)
`17. Blastobotrys proliferans Marvanová (1976)
`18. Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans Kurtzman (2007c)
`19. Blastobotrys robertii Middelhoven & Kurtzman (2007)
`20. Blastobotrys serpentis Bhadra, Rao & Shivaji (2008b)
`21. Blastobotrys terrestris (van der Walt & Johannsen) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`
`Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
`
`The Yeasts, a Taxonomic Study
`© 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
`
`959
`
`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:27:13.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 4 of 23
`
`

`

`960
`
`PART | IVC Descriptions of Anamorphic Ascomycetous Genera and Species
`
`1.
`
`2(1).
`
`3(2).
`
`4(3).
`
`5(2).
`
`6(5).
`
`7(6).
`
`8(7).
`
`9(6).
`
`KEY TO SPECIES OF BLASTOBOTRYS AND ITS TELEMORPHIC GENUS TRICHOMONASCUS
`a. Growth at 37C....................................................................................................................................................................................................................2
`b. Growth is absent at 37C...............................................................................................................................................................................................13
`a. Nitrate is assimilated ........................................................................................................................................................................................................3
`b. Nitrate is not assimilated ................................................................................................................................................................................................5
`a. Melibiose and melizitose are assimilated..................................................................................................................................................................4
`b. Melibiose and melizitose are not assimilated......................................................................................................................................B. terrestris: p. 976
`a. Trehalose is assimilated .....................................................................................................................................................................B. adeninivorans: p. 966
`b. Trehalose is not assimilated ...................................................................................................................................................B. raffinosifermentans: p. 974
`a. D-Xylose is assimilated .....................................................................................................................................................................................................6
`b. D-Xylose is not assimilated .......................................................................................................................................................................B. muscicola: p. 970
`a. Vitamins are not required for growth ........................................................................................................................................................................7
`b. Vitamins are required for growth ................................................................................................................................................................................9
`a. Lactose is assimilated............................................................................................................................................................................B. malaysiensis: p. 969
`b. Lactose is not assimilated................................................................................................................................................................................................8
`a. D-Arabinose is assimilated .....................................................................................................................................................................B. illinoisensis: p. 967
`b. D-Arabinose is not assimilated................................................................................................................................................................B. mokoenaii: p. 969
`a. Glucose is fermented ......................................................................................................................................................................................................10
`b. Glucose is not fermented ..............................................................................................................................................................................................20
`10(9). a. Melibiose is assimilated.................................................................................................................................................................................................11
`b. Melibiose is not assimilated .........................................................................................................................................................................................12
`11(10). a. Raffinose is assimilated..................................................................................................................................................................................................22
`b. Raffinose is not assimilated...............................................................................................................................................................................B. nivea: p. 971
`12(10) a. Galactose is fermented..............................................................................................................................................................................B. capitulata: p. 965
`b. Galactose is not fermented ......................................................................................................................................................................B. attinorum: p. 965
`13(1). a. Nitrate is assimilated ..................................................................................................................................................................................B. peoriensis: p. 973
`b. Nitrate is not assimilated ..............................................................................................................................................................................................14
`14(13). a. Glucose is fermented ......................................................................................................................................................................................................15
`b. Glucose is not fermented ..............................................................................................................................................................................................18
`15(14). a. Sucrose is assimilated.....................................................................................................................................................................................................23
`b. Sucrose is not assimilated .............................................................................................................................................................................................16
`16(15). a. myo-Inositol is assimilated ...........................................................................................................................................................................................17
`b. myo-Inositol is not assimilated ...............................................................................................................................................................B. arbuscula: p. 963
`Tr. farinosus: p. 878
`17(16). a. Erythritol is assimilated ...........................................................................................................................................................................B. americana: p. 962
`b. Erythritol is not assimilated ..................................................................................................................................................................B. indianensis: p. 968
`18(14). a. Lactose is assimilated......................................................................................................................................................................................................19
`b. Lactose is not assimilated..............................................................................................................................................................................................21
`19(18). a. D-Xylose is assimilated ...................................................................................................................................................................................B. elegans: p. 967
`b. D-Xylose is not assimilated ............................................................................................................................................................................B. robertii: p. 975
`20(9). a. D-Glucosamine is assimilated..........................................................................................................................................................B. chiropterorum: p. 966
`b. D-Glucosamine is not assimilated................................................................................................................................................................Tr. ciferrii: p. 877
`21(18). a. Raffinose is assimilated................................................................................................................................................................................B. serpentis: p. 975
`b. Raffinose is not assimilated............................................................................................................................................................................B. parvus: p. 971
`22(11). a. Sucrose is assimilated...............................................................................................................................................................................B. proliferans: p. 973
`b. Sucrose is not assimilated ..................................................................................................................................................................Tr. petasosporus: p. 880
`23(15). a. Maltose is fermented ......................................................................................................................................................................................B. aristata: p. 964
`b. Maltose is not fermented ....................................................................................................................................................................................Tr. apis: p. 876
`
`Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
`
`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:27:13.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 5 of 23
`
`

`

`Chapter | 87 Blastobotrys von Klopotek (1967)
`
`961
`
`93
`
`59
`
`70
`
`99
`
`Zygoascus hellenicus Y-7136T / DQ438216
`Wickerhamiella domercqiae Y-6692T / DQ438240
`Sporopachydermia lactativora Y-11591T / DQ438185
`Trigonopsis variabilis Y-1579T / DQ442707
`Blastobotrys muscicola Y-7993T / DQ442680
`100
`Blastobotrys robertii Y-27775T / DQ839395
`Blastobotrys proliferans Y-17577T / DQ442684
`Trichomonascus farinosus Y-17593T / DQ442685
`Blastobotrys nivea Y-17581T / DQ442690
`Blastobotrys aristata Y-17579T / DQ442686
`Blastobotrys elegans Y-17572T / DQ442687
`Blastobotrys capitulata Y-17573T / DQ442688
`Blastobotrys arbuscula Y-17585T / DQ442689
`Trichomonascus apis Y-48475T / EU790643
`Blastobotrys attinorum Y-27639T / AY442294
`Blastobotrys parvus Y-10004T / DQ442693
`Trichomonascus petasosporus YB-2092T / DQ442691
`Blastobotrys indianensis YB-1950T / DQ442692
`Trichomonascus ciferrii Y-10943I / DQ442681
`Blastobotrys chiropterorum Y-17071T / DQ442682
`66
`Blastobotrys terrestris Y-17704T / DQ442683
`Blastobotrys serpentis Y-48249T / AM410667
`Blastobotrys adeninivorans Y-17692T / DQ442697
`Blastobotrys raffinofermentans Y-27150T / DQ442698
`Blastobotrys americana Y-6844T / DQ442699
`Blastobotrys peoriensis YB-2290T / DQ442700
`Blastobotrys mokoenaii Y-27120T / DQ442694
`Blastobotrys malaysiensis Y-6417T / DQ442695
`Blastobotrys illinoisensis YB-1343T / DQ442696
`Schizosaccharomyces pombe Y-12796T / U40085
`
`100
`
`75
`
`99
`
`100
`
`86
`
`100
`
`53
`
`83
`
`100
`
`69
`
`10 changes
`FIGURE 87.1 Phylogenetic placement of species of Blastobotrys and its teleomorphic genus Trichomonascus among members of the
`Saccharomycetales, on the basis of maximum parsimony analysis of D1/D2 LSU rRNA gene sequences. GenBank accession numbers follow strain
`numbers. Bootstrap values are from 1000 replicates. Bootstrap support for the Trichomonascus/Blastobotrys clade and internal nodes is much
`greater from multigene sequence analysis (Kurtzman and Robnett 2007). The multigene analysis did not include B. attinorum, B. robertii and
`B. serpentis. T 5 type strain, I 5 isotype strain.
`
`TABLE 87.1 Key Characters of Species Assigned to the Genus Blastobotrys and its Teleomorphic Genus Trichomonascus
`
`Species
`
`Fermentation
`
`Growth
`
`Gluc Gal Mal Raf
`
`D-Gl
`
`Suc Raf Mlb Lac Tre Mlz
`
`D-Xyl
`
`D-Arab Ery
`
`
`Inos Nitrate Vit-Free 37
`
`C
`
`B. adeninivorans
`B. americana
`B. arbuscula*
`B. aristata
`B. attinorum
`B. capitulata
`B. chiropterorum
`B. elegans
`B. illinoisensis
`B. indianensis
`B. malaysiensis
`B. mokoenaii
`B. muscicola
`B. nivea
`B. parvus
`B. peoriensis
`B. proliferans
`B. raffinosifermentans
`B. robertii
`B. serpentis
`B. terrestris
`Tr. apis
`Tr. ciferrii
`Tr. farinosus*
`Tr. petasosporus
`
`s
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`1
`1
`1
`s
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`2
`s
`2
`w
`1
`
`s
`2
`1
`v
`2
`1
`2
`2
`1
`1
`1
`s
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`2
`w
`2
`v
`1
`
`s
`2
`1
`1
`v
`v
`2
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`1
`2
`2
`1
`1
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`v
`1
`
`s
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`1
`1
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`
`1
`1
`1
`1
`n
`1
`1
`v
`1
`1
`1
`1
`v
`1
`s
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`2
`1
`2
`v
`1
`
`1
`2
`2
`1
`2
`v
`1
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`v
`s
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`
`1
`1
`2
`v
`2
`v
`1
`2
`2
`1
`2
`2
`v
`2
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`v
`1
`v
`1
`
`1
`1
`2
`v
`2
`2
`l
`2
`2
`1
`2
`2
`v
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`w
`v
`v
`1
`
`s
`2
`2
`1
`2
`v
`2
`1
`2
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`2
`1
`2
`2
`v
`2
`v
`2
`
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`v
`1
`s
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`
`1
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`w
`2
`1
`2
`2
`1
`v
`1
`2
`2
`2
`v
`2
`2
`2
`
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`w
`1
`1
`1
`v
`1
`
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`v
`l
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`1
`v
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`w
`1
`v
`1
`
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`v
`2
`
`1
`1
`2
`v
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`s
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`
`1
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`1
`2
`1
`2
`2
`1
`2
`2
`2
`2
`
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`v
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`2
`
`1
`2
`2
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`1
`1
`2
`2
`1
`2
`1
`2
`1
`
`aAbbreviations: Gluc, glucose; Gal, galactose; Mal, maltose; D-Gl, D-glucosamine; Suc, sucrose; Raf, raffinose, Mlb, melibiose; Lac, lactose; Tre, trehalose; Mlz, melezitose;
`D-Xyl, D-xylose; D-Arab, D-arabinose; Ery, erythritol; Inos, myo-inositol; l, latent; n, not determined; s, slow; v, variable; w, weak.
`*B. arbuscula and Tr. farinosus cannot be differentiated by phenotypic characteristics.
`
`Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
`
`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:27:13.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 6 of 23
`
`

`

`962
`
`PART | IVC Descriptions of Anamorphic Ascomycetous Genera and Species
`
`SYSTEMATIC DISCUSSION OF THE SPECIES
`
`87.1. Blastobotrys adeninivorans
`(Middelhoven, Hoogkamer-Te Niet & Kreger-
`van Rij) Kurtzman & Robnett (2007)
`Synonyms:
`
`Trichosporon adeninovorans Middelhoven, Hoogkamer-Te Niet & Kreger-
`van Rij (1984)
`Arxula adeninivorans (Middelhoven, Hoogkamer-Te Niet & Kreger-van
`Rij) van der Walt, M.Th. Smith & Y. Yamada (1990c)
`
`Growth in glucose-yeast extract-peptone water: After 3 days at
`25C, budding cells are short-ovoid to long-ovoid, 2.23.6 3
`2.45.6 μm. Branched, septate hyphae, 2.4 μm in diameter, and
`arthroconidia are also present. Sediment and a white, dry pellicle are
`formed.
`Growth on glucose-yeast extract-peptone agar: After 1 month at
`room temperature, the streak culture is yellowish-white, partly soft,
`partly tough and restricted. The edge is fringed with hyphae.
`Dalmau plate cultures on potato and corn meal agars: True,
`branched, septate hyphae are abundantly formed. The hyphae may
`disarticulate in arthroconidia. Spherical or short-ovoid blastoconidia
`occur in chains, sometimes on short denticles on the hyphae, but
`generally between the septa. Aerial hyphae are also present.
`Formation of endospores: Spherical to ovoid endospores of variable
`size and number (three to six) were observed on Difco malt agar.
`
`Fermentation
`
`Glucose
`Galactose
`Sucrose
`Maltose
`
`Growth (in Liquid Media)
`
`Glucose
`Inulin
`Sucrose
`Raffinose
`Melibiose
`Galactose
`Lactose
`Trehalose
`Maltose
`Melezitose
`Methyl-α-D-glucoside
`Soluble starch
`Cellobiose
`Salicin
`L-Sorbose
`L-Rhamnose
`D-Xylose
`L-Arabinose
`D-Arabinose
`
`s
`s
`1
`
`s
`
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`
`s
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`
`s
`1
`1
`1
`
`Lactose
`Raffinose
`Trehalose
`
`D-Ribose
`Methanol
`Ethanol
`Glycerol
`Erythritol
`Ribitol
`Galactitol
`D-Mannitol
`D-Glucitol
`myo-Inositol
`DL-Lactate
`Succinate
`Citrate
`D-Gluconate
`D-Glucosamine
`N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine
`Hexadecane
`Nitrate
`Vitamin-free
`
`Additional Growth Tests and Other Characteristics
`
`2-Keto-D-gluconate
`5-Keto-D-gluconate
`Saccharate
`10% NaCl/5% glucose
`60% (w/w) glucose
`
`1
`
`n
`2
`n
`1
`
`Cycloheximide 0.1%
`Starch formation
`Gelatin liquefaction
`
`C
`Growth at 40
`
`2
`
`s
`s
`
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`
`1
`
`s
`1
`1
`
`n
`n
`1
`2
`
`1
`2
`
`n
`1
`
`CoQ: 9 (van der Walt et al. 1990c).
`Mol % G 1 C: Not determined.
`Gene sequence accession numbers, type strain: LSU rRNA (incl. D1/
`D2) 5 DQ442697, mitochondrial SSU rRNA 5 DQ442776, cytochrome
`oxidase II 5 DQ443104, ITS 5 DQ898168.
`Cell carbohydrates: Not determined.
`Origin of the strains studied: CBS 7350, isolated from ensiled from
`whole-crop chopped maize, Netherlands, W.J. Middelhoven; CBS 7370
`(NRRL Y-17693), from soil; CBS 7377, from garden soil, South Africa,
`J.P. van der Walt; CBS 7766, from liver and intestines of a Gila monster
`(Heloderma suspectum, Helodermatidae), Sweden, R. Mattson; CBS
`8244 (NRRL Y-17692), type strain of Trichosporon adeninivorans, from
`soil, Netherlands, W.J. Middelhoven.
`Type strain: CBS 8244.
`Systematics: Blastobotrys adeninivorans was initially assigned to the
`anamorphic yeast genus Trichosporon by Middelhoven et al. (1984)
`because of the production of arthroconidia from septate hyphae and
`the occurrence of budding cells. However, on the basis of whole-cell
`monosaccharide composition, Weijman (1979b) restricted Trichosporon
`to basisiomycetous arthroconidial anamorphs, and Geotrichum was
`restricted to ascomycetous arthroconidial anamorphs. In a revision of
`the genus Geotrichum and its teleomorphs, de Hoog et al. (1986) did
`not transfer T. adeninivorans to Geotrichum because of its distinctive
`nutritional profile. Later, the species was assigned to the genus Arxula,
`a genus introduced by van der Walt et al. (1990c) to accommodate two
`arthroconidial, xerotolerant, ascomycetous yeast species, T. terrestre, as
`type species of the genus, and T. adeninivorans. A. adeninivorans has
`been the subject of various genomic studies. Kunze and Kunze (1994)
`characterized the karyotype by pulsed field gel electrophoresis.
`Samsonova et al. (1996) analyzed the linkage of 27 genes and localized
`some of the linkage groups on separate chromosomes. The genome
`organization of mitochondrial DNA was characterized by Pich and
`Kunze (1992). The phylogenetic studies of Kurtzman and Robnett
`(1998a, 2007) showed that the species is a member of the clade that
`includes Trichomonascus and its anamorph Blastobotrys. Consequently,
`these authors transferred A. adeninivorans to Blastobotrys.
`Ecology: The ecology of A. adeninivorans is uncertain because, as
`listed under “Origin of the strains studied”, isolates have been from
`soil, silage and an apparently infected Gila monster.
`Biotechnology: Middelhoven et al. (1991) reported that A. adenini-
`vorans was able to utilize for growth such atypical compounds as ali-
`phatic organic acids and benzene compounds. The species has been
`used as gene donor for biotechnological applications as well as for
`heterologous gene expression (Terentiev et al. 2004b, Wartman et al.
`2002, Wartman and Kunze 2003).
`Agriculture and food: Unknown.
`Clinical importance: Unknown.
`
`87.2. Blastobotrys americana Kurtzman (2007)
`Growth on 5% malt extract agar: After 3 days at 25C, budding cells
`are elongate, 1.33.5 3 212 μm, occasionally spherical, 2.34.1 μm,
`and occur singly, in pairs and in short chains.
`Dalmau plate cultures on yeast morphology agar: After 7 days at
`25C, pseudohyphae bearing infrequent blastoconidia are present
`(Fig. 87.2). After 710 days of incubation, the culture begins to show
`true hyphae. Occasionally, intercalary hyphal cells become enlarged and
`spherical.
`
`Fermentation
`
`Glucose
`Galactose
`Sucrose
`Maltose
`
`1
`2
`2
`2
`
`Lactose
`Raffinose
`Trehalose
`
`2
`2
`w
`
`Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
`
`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:27:13.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 7 of 23
`
`

`

`Chapter | 87 Blastobotrys von Klopotek (1967)
`
`963
`
`87.3. Blastobotrys arbuscula de Hoog,
`Rantio-Lehtima¨ki & M.Th. Smith (1985)
`Growth on 4% malt extract/0.5% yeast extract agar: After 10 days at
`2022C, colonies are 1 mm in diameter, butyrous, and cream colored.
`Budding cells are abundant, in coherent chains, and form star-shaped
`pseudomycelial microcolonies. Hyphae are hyaline, straight and stiff,
`2.53.5 μm wide, and with clusters of minute conidium-bearing den-
`ticles at the apex and just below distal septa. Primary conidia are
`broadly ellipsoidal to subglobose, about 46 μm wide, without setae,
`and produce densely crowded, globose secondary conidia, 2.53.5 μm
`in diameter, generally in synchronous order (Fig. 87.3).
`
`Fermentation
`
`Glucose
`Galactose
`Sucrose
`Maltose
`
`Growth (in Liquid Media)
`
`Glucose
`Inulin
`Sucrose
`Raffinose
`Melibiose
`Galactose
`Lactose
`Trehalose
`Maltose
`Melezitose
`Methyl-α-D-glucoside
`Soluble starch
`Cellobiose
`Salicin
`L-Sorbose
`L-Rhamnose
`D-Xylose
`L-Arabinose
`D-Arabinose
`
`1
`1
`2
`1
`
`1
`v
`2
`2
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`2
`
`v
`1
`1
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`2
`
`Lactose
`Raffinose
`Trehalose
`
`D-Ribose
`Methanol
`Ethanol
`Glycerol
`Erythritol
`Ribitol
`Galactitol
`D-Mannitol
`D-Glucitol
`myo-Inositol
`DL-Lactate
`Succinate
`Citrate
`D-Gluconate
`D-Glucosamine
`N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine
`Hexadecane
`Nitrate
`Vitamin-free
`
`2
`2
`1
`
`1
`n
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`
`v
`1
`2
`
`n
`1
`
`n
`n
`2
`2
`
`FIGURE 87.3 Blastobotrys arbuscula CBS 227.83. Conidiophores with
`primary and secondary conidia and initial growth with multilateral
`budding. MEYA, 22C, 10 days (de Hoog and Smith 1998a).
`
`A
`
`B
`
`FIGURE 87.2 Blastobotrys americana NRRL Y-6844 CBS 10337. (A)
`Budding cells, 3 days, 5% malt extract agar, 25C. (B) Pseudohyphae,
`yeast morphology agar, 7 days, 25C. Bar 5 5 μm. (Kurtzman 2007).
`
`Growth (in Liquid Media)
`
`Glucose
`Inulin
`Sucrose
`Raffinose
`Melibiose
`Galactose
`Lactose
`Trehalose
`Maltose
`Melezitose
`Methyl-α-D-glucoside
`Soluble starch
`Cellobiose
`Salicin
`L-Sorbose
`L-Rhamnose
`D-Xylose
`L-Arabinose
`D-Arabinose
`
`1
`2
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`2
`2
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`
`D-Ribose
`Methanol
`Ethanol
`Glycerol
`Erythritol
`Ribitol
`Galactitol
`D-Mannitol
`D-Glucitol
`myo-Inositol
`DL-Lactate
`Succinate
`Citrate
`D-Gluconate
`D-Glucosamine
`N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine
`Hexadecane
`Nitrate
`Vitamin-free
`
`Additional Growth Tests and Other Characteristics
`
`2-Keto-D-gluconate
`5-Keto-D-gluconate
`Saccharate
`10% NaCl/5% glucose
`
`2
`1
`2
`1
`
`Cycloheximide 0.01%
`Starch formation
`Gelatin liquefaction
`
`C
`Growth at 37
`
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`
`w
`1
`2
`1
`1
`1
`1
`2
`2
`
`1
`2
`2
`2
`
`CoQ: Not determined.
`Mol% G 1 C: Not determined.
`Gene sequence accession numbers, type strain: LSU rRNA (incl. D1/
`D2) 5 DQ442699, mitochondrial SSU rRNA 5 DQ442778, cytochrome
`oxidase II 5 DQ443106.
`Cell carbohydrates: Not determined.
`Origin of the strain studied: CBS 10337 (NRRL Y-6844), unknown
`substrate and location, L. Batra.
`Type strain: NRRL Y-6844 CBS 10337.
`Systematics: Blastobotrys americana can be differentiated from its
`sister species B. peoriensis by its inability to grow on sucrose, lactose
`and nitrate.
`Ecology: Unknown.
`Biotechnology: Unknown.
`Agriculture and food: Unknown.
`Clinical importance: Unknown.
`
`Copyright © 2011. Elsevier Science & Technology. All rights reserved.
`
`The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, edited by Cletus Kurtzman, et al., Elsevier Science & Technology, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/utxa/detail.action?docID=630004.
`Created from utxa on 2024-06-26 02:27:13.
`
`LCY Biotechnology Holding, Inc.
`Ex. 1030
`Page 8 of 23
`
`

`

`964
`
`PART | IVC Descriptions of Anamorphic Ascomycetous Genera and Species
`
`Lactose
`Trehalose
`Maltose
`Melezitose
`Methyl-α-D-glucoside
`Soluble starch
`Cellobiose
`Salicin
`L-Sorbose
`L-Rhamnose
`D-Xylose
`L-Arabinose
`D-Arabinose
`
`1 Galactitol
`1 D-Mannitol
`1 D-Glucitol
`2 myo-Inositol
`v
`DL-Lactate
`1 Succinate
`1 Citrate
`1 D-Gluconate
`1 D-Glucosamine
`v
`N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine
`1 Hexadecane
`1 Nitrate
`1 Vitamin-free
`
`Additional Growth Tests and Other Characteristics
`
`2-Keto-D-gluconate
`5-Keto-D-gluconate
`Saccharate
`10% NaCl/5% glucose
`
`n
`n
`n
`n
`
`Cycloheximide 0.1%
`Starch formation
`Gelatin liquefaction
`
`C
`Growth at 37
`
`1
`1
`1
`
`v
`2
`1
`
`v
`n
`1
`
`n
`n
`2
`2
`
`n
`n
`n
`2
`
`CoQ: Not determined.
`Mol% G 1 C: Not determined.
`Gene sequence accession numbers, type strain: LSU rRNA (incl. D1/
`D2) 5 DQ442686, mitochondrial SSU rRNA 5 DQ442765, cytochrome
`oxidase II 5 DQ443093.
`Cell carbohydrates: Glucose, mannose and galactose are present in
`cell hydrolysates (Weijman and de Hoog 1985).
`Origin of the strain studied: CBS 521.75 (NRRL Y-17579), isolated
`from moldy plaster, former Czechoslovakia (Marvanová 1976).
`Type strain: CBS 521.75.
`Systematics: Physiological characteristics of this species are often dif-
`ficult to judge because of formation of hyphal pellets. Primary conidia
`are borne on long, tapering pedicels that are formed singly or in small
`groups at the apex of conidiophores. Phylogenetically, the species is
`close to B. elegans (Kurtzman and Robnett 200